1779 lines
220 KiB
XML
1779 lines
220 KiB
XML
<document id="FEFCDB433957305C0BC0FBA3A89C61FF" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.283572" ID-GBIF-Dataset="61a9ddf5-0a97-4757-8217-e72d41a770a7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="283572" ID-ZooBank="C2B24CC9-EE3D-43DC-AB13-22B7346C93DA" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460587796566" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lyons And Martin Avery Snyder, William G." docDate="2013" docId="03D90078D220EC7977FA9CD2EC99FBC5" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03636p058.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3636 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pustulatirus virginensis Abbott 1958, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="43" masterDocId="FFE07800D223EC71776D981DEE14FFD5" masterDocTitle="The Genus Pustulatirus Vermeij and Snyder, 2006 (Gastropoda: Fasciolariidae: Peristerniinae) in the Western Atlantic, with Descriptions of Three New Species" masterLastPageNumber="58" masterPageNumber="35" pageNumber="38" updateTime="1698325456683" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
<mods:mods id="51152E196744C673E2E0B7CD4C0A5120" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="4CC0E71702CA313302745324FAD8D5F4">
|
||
<mods:title id="C05E8965948202F1AA7FD899671EE010">The Genus Pustulatirus Vermeij and Snyder, 2006 (Gastropoda: Fasciolariidae: Peristerniinae) in the Western Atlantic, with Descriptions of Three New Species</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="2DF21E04C3B34FB9172E94D7729C7481" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="A288FA6B163DB3C61084F6357CB0E8A0">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="A825EA0D2B6B6E9C95FD748A9F779F5C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="30E7BC820E14632422A60E4ECBC8818C">Lyons And Martin Avery Snyder, William G.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="C3533BA383C58AD535E8AD9D9C82BAFF">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="76E9C356431C19E3112AABA5B1702C9A" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="026D6B78E8292D0F03216EB075D7224F">
|
||
<mods:title id="5A686B6C2B56EE8707C740B1B280D3EA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="E3E3D52576005320518154F0C927B150">
|
||
<mods:date id="FAB19905DDB6125FECCC3CC05C102969">2013</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="1E3D352FF1A8DD147847B8EB0B95359E" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="3F5C2981010B98FEA093B2C1414654CE">3636</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="AC3AC9335563281CD8DFAB8ED01AB731" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="A172A3B66E7002D010F256BB7C8C79DB">1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="5048E0B4042381E51C2F6590CDB63F00" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="91F3B84ADCE683318FB197F7EEA9D900">35</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="AC3D0DB89F31555340C2690DF9C2CBE3">58</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="521E2D9452F804AE90892A1C2B56A73C">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="239682DE54A6332D2C31BFB126E12690" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.283572</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="5F4E95AC37622A2D41D2823D8492CF39" type="GBIF-Dataset">61a9ddf5-0a97-4757-8217-e72d41a770a7</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="24EFAB9A8565643E83BA0FCE62765602" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="BB72E5ACCE2A45B0CF0D52634E10714B" type="Zenodo-Dep">283572</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="58C0DA97906C8C34BE9E55FE1C4AB1CA" type="ZooBank">C2B24CC9-EE3D-43DC-AB13-22B7346C93DA</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03D90078D220EC7977FA9CD2EC99FBC5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6162508" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127663710" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6162508" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D90078D220EC7977FA9CD2EC99FBC5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D90078D220EC7977FA9CD2EC99FBC5" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36AE2E5D220EC7277FA9CD2ECEBF993" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED220EC7277FA9CD2EC66FB3C" blockId="3.[151,626,1231,1290]" box="[151,626,1231,1257]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<heading id="D0870602D220EC7277FA9CD2EC66FB3C" bold="true" box="[151,626,1231,1257]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" reason="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7277FA9CD2EC66FB3C" ID-CoL="4QL55" authority="Abbott, 1958" authorityName="Abbott" authorityYear="1958" box="[151,626,1231,1257]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7277FA9CD2EC66FB3C" bold="true" box="[151,626,1231,1257]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7277FA9CD2EFA2FB3C" bold="true" box="[151,438,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Pustulatirus virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Abbott, 1958)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED220EC7277FA9CEFEF29FADF" blockId="3.[151,626,1231,1290]" box="[151,317,1266,1290]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134BADEBD220EC7277F39CEFEF20FADF" box="[158,308,1266,1290]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 37" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1582,1605]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,1560]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,161,1561]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 37. New World Pustulatirus species. 1 – 4. Pustulatirus mediamericanus (Hertlein and Strong, 1951). 1 – 3. ANSP 449744, 50.0 mm, off Cebaco Island, Panamá, 36.6 m. 4. Same specimen, protoconch. 5 – 7. Turbinella attenuata Reeve, 1847. Holotype, NHMUK 196735, 31.1 mm, locality unknown. 8 – 11. Latirus virginensis Abbott, 1958. 8 - 9. Holotype, ANSP 196459, 34.2 mm, St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 10 – 11. Paratype, ANSP 34969, 26.6 mm West Indies. 12 – 13. Latirus karinae Nowell- Usticke, 1969. Lectotype, AMNH 198490, 32.7 mm, Puerto Rico. 14 – 30. Pustulatirus virginensis. 14. ANSP 449754, 41.4 mm, Las Galeras, Samana, Dominican Republic. 15. ANSP 449714, 52.7 mm, off St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 16. ANSP 449713, 47.7 mm, St. Thomas. 17. AMNH 191464, 50.5 mm, St. Johns, Antigua. 18. ANSP 449712, 34.7 mm, off Guadeloupe, 30 - 50 m. 19 – 21. ANSP 449717, 32.6 mm, off St. Barthelemy, 100 m. 22. ANSP 249155, 29.4 mm, off East Point, Anegada Island. 23. ANSP 35033, 38.5 mm, shell figured as Latirus elegans (Gray) by Kaicher (1986), locality unknown. 24. ANSP 449716, 27.1 mm, north of Sandy Cay, West End, Grand Bahama Island, 15 - 17 m. 25. ANSP 449715, 30.0 mm, Castillo, Duarte, Dominican Republic, 1.2 m. 26. ANSP 449720, 30.6 mm, Little St. James Island, U. S. Virgin Islands, 7.3 m. 27 – 28. ANSP 449719, 20.7 mm, Bimini, Bahamas. 29 – 30. ANSP 449718, 26.7 mm, Little St. James Island, 8.3 m. 31. Hemipolygona carinifera (Lamarck, 1816). Shell erroneously labeled “ Latirus annulatus ” in Melvill-Tomlin Collection; NMWC photo. 32 – 37. Pustulatirus utilaensis new species. 32 – 34. Holotype, ANSP 449739, 29.2 mm, off Sandy Key Reef, Utila, Honduras. 35. Paratype, ANSP 449664, 26.6 mm, southwest coast of Utila. 36 – 37. Paratype, ANSP 449659, 31.6 mm, Roatán." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283573/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Figures 8–30</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED220EC7277FA9D27EA4AFA85" blockId="3.[151,1436,1338,2035]" box="[151,1118,1338,1360]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
|
||
[?]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7277D49D27EF60FA85" box="[185,372,1338,1360]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lathyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Fabales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="annulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7277D49D27EF60FA85" box="[185,372,1338,1360]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Lathyrus annulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7276EF9D26EF8AFA85" box="[386,414,1339,1360]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">sic</emphasis>
|
||
] (Bolt. Link)—Mørch, 1852: 99.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7275989D26ED0BFA85" box="[757,799,1339,1360]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Non</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC72744B9D26EA4EFA85" authority="Roding, 1798" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" box="[806,1114,1338,1360]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Syrinx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC72744B9D26EDD3FA85" box="[806,967,1338,1360]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Syrinx annulata</emphasis>
|
||
Röding, 1798
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED220EC7277FA9D44EFACFA58" blockId="3.[151,1436,1338,2035]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
|
||
[?]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7277D19D44EFC5FABA" authority="Bolt." authorityName="Bolt." box="[188,465,1369,1391]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Turbinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7277D19D44EF9DFABA" box="[188,393,1369,1391]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Turbinella annulata</emphasis>
|
||
(Bolt.)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—Krebs, 1864: 16. Poulsen, 1878: 11; Dall, 1885: 314; Clench
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC72731A9D47EAB2FABA" box="[1143,1190,1369,1391]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1947: 35.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7272459D47EB46FABA" box="[1320,1362,1370,1391]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Non</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7272369D47EFA7FA58" authority="Roding, 1798" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Syrinx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7272369D47EF35FA5B" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Syrinx annulata</emphasis>
|
||
Röding, 1798
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED220EC7277FA9D8BEA2AFA79" blockId="3.[151,1436,1338,2035]" box="[151,1086,1430,1453]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
|
||
[?]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7277D49D85EFF1FA79" authority="Bolten" authorityName="Bolten" box="[185,485,1430,1453]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Peristernia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7277D49D85EF9FFA78" box="[185,395,1431,1453]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Peristernia annulata</emphasis>
|
||
(Bolten)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—Melvill, 1891b: 407.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7275BB9D85ED14FA78" box="[726,768,1432,1453]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Non</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC72746B9D8AEA2FFA79" authority="Roding, 1798" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" box="[774,1083,1430,1453]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Syrinx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC72746B9D8AEDB3FA78" box="[774,935,1431,1453]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Syrinx annulata</emphasis>
|
||
Röding, 1798
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED220EC7277FA9DA8EAAEFA1E" blockId="3.[151,1436,1338,2035]" box="[151,1210,1461,1483]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
|
||
[?]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7277D49DABEFF0FA1E" authority="(A. Ad.)" baseAuthorityName="A. Ad." box="[185,484,1461,1483]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Peristernia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7277D49DABEF9FFA1E" box="[185,395,1461,1483]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Peristernia annulata</emphasis>
|
||
(A. Ad.)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—Melvill, 1891b: 411, pl. 2, fig. 1.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC72743C9DABED6FFA1E" box="[849,891,1462,1483]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Non</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7274EF9DABEAA2FA1E" authority="Roding, 1798" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" box="[898,1206,1461,1483]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Syrinx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7274EF9DABEA37FA1E" box="[898,1059,1461,1483]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Syrinx annulata</emphasis>
|
||
Röding, 1798
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED220EC7277FA9DC8ECEBF993" blockId="3.[151,1436,1338,2035]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7277FA9DC8EC92FA3C" authority="Abbott, 1958: 76" authorityName="Abbott" authorityPageNumber="76" authorityYear="1958" box="[151,646,1491,1514]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis" subGenus="Polygona">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7277FA9DC8EFDAFA3F" box="[151,462,1492,1514]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Latirus (Polygona) virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
Abbott, 1958: 76
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 77, text-figs. 4.7, 4.8, pl. 2, fig. 6. Rios, 1970: 96 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7273FA9DC8EAD0FA3F" box="[1175,1220,1493,1514]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">pars</emphasis>
|
||
); Abbott, 1974: 227; Rios, 1975: 104 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7276159DEEEFB1F9DD" box="[376,421,1523,1544]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">pars</emphasis>
|
||
); Ortiz-Corps, 1983: 121; Rios, 1985: 107, pl. 36, fig. 471 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7273649DEEEA22F9DD" box="[1033,1078,1523,1544]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">pars</emphasis>
|
||
); Rios, 1994: 133 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7273909DEEEB3EF9DD" box="[1277,1322,1523,1544]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">pars</emphasis>
|
||
); Espinosa
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7277AA9E0FEEE1F9F2" box="[199,245,1553,1575]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1995: 36; Harasewych, 1997: 62; Snyder, 2003: 218; Rios, 2009: 253 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7274819E0FEA0DF9F2" box="[1004,1049,1554,1575]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">pars</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC72735D9E0FEB88F9F2" box="[1072,1436,1553,1575]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
|
||
Non
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC72730F9E0FEB88F9F2" box="[1122,1436,1553,1575]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis" subGenus="Polygona">Latirus (Polygona) virginensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
‘Abbott’
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7276499E2CEF43F993" box="[292,343,1585,1606]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">auctt</emphasis>
|
||
. northeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED220EC72768A9E2DEC33F993" box="[487,551,1584,1606]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, =
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC72752B9E2DECD6F993" box="[582,706,1584,1606]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC72752B9E2DECD6F993" box="[582,706,1584,1606]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Pustulatirus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A237D007D220EC7275A59E2CECEBF993" box="[712,767,1585,1606]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36AE2E5D220EC7577FA9E4DEAAFFBD9" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED220EC7277FA9E4DED6DF88F" blockId="3.[151,1436,1338,2035]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7277FA9E4DEF40F9B0" box="[151,340,1616,1637]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7277FA9E4DEF40F9B0" box="[151,340,1616,1637]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Latirus virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—Abbott, 1958: 77. Warmke and Abbott, 1961: 120, 272, pl. 22, fig. n; Arnow
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC72731E9E4DEA8BF9B0" box="[1139,1183,1615,1637]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1963: 169; Wagner and Abbott, 1964: 167; Holeman, 1966: 29, 30; Wagner and Abbott, 1967: 247; Nowell-Usticke, 1971: pl. 6, fig.; Morris and Clench, 1973: 218, pl. 60, figs. 4; Abbott, 1974: color pl. 11, fig. 2493; Ekdale, 1974: 648; Lipka, 1974: 155; Riggs, 1975: 14; Kaicher, 1978: card 1763; Wagner and Abbott, 1978: 80–231; Woodlock, 1980: 189; Pointier
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7273DD9EB6EACAF915" box="[1200,1246,1706,1728]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1982: 9; Sarasúa and Espinosa, 1984: 8, 9, 18, fig. 6c; Sutty, 1986: 62; Pointier
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC72743C9ED7ED6BF90A" box="[849,895,1737,1759]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1987: 12; Faber, 1988: 82; Lyons, 1991: 177, 178, figs. 36-41; Espinosa
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7276CB9EF4EFC7F92B" box="[422,467,1768,1790]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1994: 113; Goto and Poppe, 1996: 393; K. and L. Sunderland, 1996: 17, 2 figs.; Pointier and Lamy, 1998: 131, 2 figs.; Snyder, 2000: 162; Redfern, 2001: 103, pl. 46, fig. 432; Snyder, 2003: 121; Henkel and Kurtz, 2004: 14, 15, fig.; Mallard and Robin, 2005: 19, pl. 52; Rios, 2009: 253 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7274C99F3BEDC5F8EE" box="[932,977,1830,1851]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">pars</emphasis>
|
||
); Landau and Vermeij, 2012: 88.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC72724E9F3BEF21F88F" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
|
||
Non
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC72723E9F3BEF21F88F" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">Latirus virginensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
‘Abbott’
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7276F49F58EFD8F88F" box="[409,460,1861,1882]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">auctt</emphasis>
|
||
., northeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED220EC72750F9F5EECB6F88C" box="[610,674,1859,1881]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, =
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7275AC9F59ED29F88F" box="[705,829,1860,1882]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7275AC9F59ED29F88F" box="[705,829,1860,1882]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Pustulatirus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A237D007D220EC72742E9F58ED6DF88F" box="[835,889,1861,1882]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED220EC7277FA9F7EEA6AF8AD" blockId="3.[151,1436,1338,2035]" box="[151,1150,1890,1912]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7277FA9F7EEEF4F8AD" box="[151,224,1891,1912]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7277FA9F7EEEF4F8AD" box="[151,224,1891,1912]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Latirus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[new subgenus]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7276E19F7FEC44F8AD" authority="Melvill" authorityName="Melvill" box="[396,592,1890,1912]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7276E19F7FEFE4F8AD" box="[396,496,1890,1912]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">annulatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Melvill)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—Bullock, 1968: 65-67, pl. 4, figs. 2, 14, pl. 5, fig. 10.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED220EC7277FA9F9FEFA1F801" blockId="3.[151,1436,1338,2035]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7277FA9F9FEEF4F842" box="[151,224,1922,1943]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7277FA9F9FEEF4F842" box="[151,224,1922,1943]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Latirus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[new subgenus]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7276FB9F9FEC4DF842" authority="Reeve" authorityName="Reeve" box="[406,601,1921,1943]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7276FB9F9FEC14F842" box="[406,512,1922,1943]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">attenuatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Reeve)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—Bullock, 1968: 67-69, pl. 4, figs. 3–5, 10, pl. 5, figs. 11, 12, 14 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7272419F9FEB4DF842" box="[1324,1369,1922,1943]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">pars</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC72721F9F9FEB88F842" box="[1394,1436,1922,1943]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Non</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7277AA9FBDEC46F863" authority="(Reeve, 1847)" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1847" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[199,594,1952,1974]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7277AA9FBDEFA1F863" box="[199,437,1952,1974]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Pustulatirus attenuatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Reeve, 1847)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,?Caribbean region,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7274469FBCED5AF863" box="[811,846,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">nec</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC72743B9FBCEA78F860" authority="Melvill, 1891" authorityName="Melvill" authorityYear="1891" box="[854,1132,1952,1974]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC72743B9FBCEDC0F863" box="[854,980,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Latirus eppi</emphasis>
|
||
Melvill, 1891
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, treated by Bullock as junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7276289FDDEFBAF800" box="[325,430,1984,2005]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7276289FDDEFBAF800" box="[325,430,1984,2005]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">attenuatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED220EC7277FA9FC3EDFEF826" blockId="3.[151,1436,1338,2035]" box="[151,1002,2013,2035]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7277FA9FC3EEF4F826" box="[151,224,2014,2035]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7277FA9FC3EEF4F826" box="[151,224,2014,2035]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Latirus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[new subgenus]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD220EC7276E19FC3ED03F826" authority="Abbott-Bullock, 1968: 71" authorityName="Abbott-Bullock" authorityPageNumber="71" authorityYear="1968" box="[396,791,2013,2035]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD220EC7276E19FC3EFEEF826" box="[396,506,2014,2035]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
Abbott—Bullock, 1968: 71
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-73, pl. 4, figs. 1, 19.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED227EC7577FA9884ED13FF19" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,787]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7577FA9884EC52FF78" authority="Nowell-Usticke, 1969: 18" authorityName="Nowell-Usticke" authorityPageNumber="18" authorityYear="1969" box="[151,582,152,174]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="karinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7577FA9884EF20FF7B" box="[151,308,152,174]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Latirus karinae</emphasis>
|
||
Nowell-Usticke, 1969: 18
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pl. 4, fig. 821. Faber, 1988: 82; Lyons, 1991: 178; Boyko and Cordeiro, 2001: 76; Redfern, 2001: 103; Snyder, 2003: 121; Rios, 2009: 253.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED227EC7577FA98CBED17FF3F" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,787]" box="[151,771,213,235]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7577FA98CBEF57FF3E" box="[151,323,214,235]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virgineus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7577FA98CBEF57FF3E" box="[151,323,214,235]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Latirus virgineus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC75763F98CBEF7AFF3E" box="[338,366,214,235]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">sic</emphasis>
|
||
] (Abbott)—Santos Galindo, 1977: 222.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED227EC7577FA98E8EDD4FEFD" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,787]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7577FA98E8EF69FEDC" authority="Gray" authorityName="Gray" box="[151,381,243,266]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7577FA98E8EF20FEDF" box="[151,308,244,266]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Latirus elegans</emphasis>
|
||
(Gray)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—Kaicher, 1986: card no. 4671 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7575B998E8ED15FEDF" box="[724,769,245,266]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">pars</emphasis>
|
||
; larger [right] shell only).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC75737898E8EA2BFEDF" box="[1045,1087,245,266]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Non</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC75732A98E8EB92FEDC" authority="J. E. Gray, 1838" authorityName="J. E. Gray" authorityYear="1838" box="[1095,1414,244,266]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Fusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC75732A98E8EACCFEDF" box="[1095,1240,244,266]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Fusus elegans</emphasis>
|
||
J. E. Gray, 1838
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7577AA990EEC84FEFC" authority="Schubert and Wagner, 1829" authorityName="Schubert and Wagner" authorityYear="1829" box="[199,656,274,297]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Fusinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="filosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7577AA990EEF4BFEFD" box="[199,351,274,296]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Fusinus filosus</emphasis>
|
||
(Schubert and Wagner, 1829)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, West Africa, new synonymy.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED227EC7577FA992FEB92FE92" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,787]" box="[151,1414,305,328]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7577FA992FEEF4FE92" box="[151,224,306,327]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7577FA992FEEF4FE92" box="[151,224,306,327]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Latirus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC757650992CEFD3FE92" box="[317,455,305,327]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC757633992FEFD3FE92" box="[350,455,306,327]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">attenuatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (Reeve, 1847)—Sutty, 1986: 62, 64, 65, color fig. 70.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC757496992FEA31FE92" box="[1019,1061,306,327]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Non</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC757346992CEB97FE92" authority="Reeve, 1847" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1847" box="[1067,1411,305,327]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Turbinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC757346992CEAEFFE92" box="[1067,1275,305,327]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Turbinella attenuata</emphasis>
|
||
Reeve, 1847
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED227EC7577FA994DECE7FEB0" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,787]" box="[151,755,336,358]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
[?] [no genus]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC757646994DECFBFEB0" authority="(Bolten) Roding-Trew, 1990: 13" authorityName="(Bolten) Roding-Trew" authorityPageNumber="13" authorityYear="1990" box="[299,751,336,358]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC757646994DEF9BFEB3" box="[299,399,336,358]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">annulatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Bolten) Röding—Trew, 1990: 13
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED227EC7577FA996DEF37FE77" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,787]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7577FA996DEF76FE51" authority="Melvill" authorityName="Melvill" box="[151,354,366,389]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7577FA996DEF06FE50" box="[151,274,368,389]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Latirus eppi</emphasis>
|
||
Melvill
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
y Schapman [
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC75769C996DEC19FE50" box="[497,525,368,389]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">sic</emphasis>
|
||
], 1891—Espinosa
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7575A2996DECEFFE50" box="[719,763,367,389]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1994: 113.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC757413996DEA3CFE50" box="[894,1064,368,389]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
Non
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7574C3996DEA3CFE50" box="[942,1064,368,389]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi">Latirus eppi</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, =
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7573249972EB8CFE50" authority="Melvill, 1891" authorityName="Melvill" authorityYear="1891" box="[1097,1432,366,389]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7573249972EAE2FE50" box="[1097,1270,367,389]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Pustulatirus eppi</emphasis>
|
||
(Melvill, 1891)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED227EC7577AA9990EF0BFE77" box="[199,287,397,418]" name="Curaçao" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED227EC7577FA99B0EB08FE14" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,787]" box="[151,1308,427,450]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7577FA99B0EFD0FE14" authority="Melvill" authorityName="Melvill" box="[151,452,427,450]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi" subGenus="Latirus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7577FA99B0EF67FE17" box="[151,371,428,450]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Latirus (Latirus) eppi</emphasis>
|
||
Melvill
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
y Schapman [
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC75753999B0EC64FE17" box="[596,624,429,450]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">sic</emphasis>
|
||
], 1891—Espinosa
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC75745E99B0ED74FE17" box="[819,864,428,450]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1995: 36.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7574B499B0EA17FE17" box="[985,1027,429,450]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Non</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC75736499B0EB0CFE14" authority="Melvill, 1891" authorityName="Melvill" authorityYear="1891" box="[1033,1304,427,450]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC75736499B0EA90FE17" box="[1033,1156,429,450]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Latirus eppi</emphasis>
|
||
Melvill, 1891
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED227EC7577FA99D6EADCFE35" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,787]" box="[151,1224,458,480]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7577FA99D6EF54FE35" box="[151,320,458,480]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7577FA99D6EF54FE35" box="[151,320,458,480]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Latirus annulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC75762299D6EF7FFE35" box="[335,363,459,480]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">sic</emphasis>
|
||
] (Röding, 1798)—Mallard and Robin, 2005: 16.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC75740D99D6ED9EFE35" box="[864,906,459,480]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Non</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7574FD99D6EAD1FE35" authority="Roding, 1798" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" box="[912,1221,458,480]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Syrinx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7574FD99D6EA25FE35" box="[912,1073,458,480]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Syrinx annulata</emphasis>
|
||
Röding, 1798
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED227EC7577FA99F7EC46FDC8" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,787]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7577FA99F7EFD4FE2A" authority="Snyder, 2003" authorityName="Snyder" authorityYear="2003" box="[151,448,489,511]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="abbotti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7577FA99F7EF24FE2A" box="[151,304,489,511]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Latirus abbotti</emphasis>
|
||
Snyder, 2003
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—Mallard and Robin, 2005: pl. 39. Robin, 2008: 219, figs. 9.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC75732799F7EB01FE2A" box="[1098,1301,489,511]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
Non
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC75731199F7EB01FE2A" box="[1148,1301,489,511]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="abbotti">Latirus abbotti</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, =
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC75725699F4EFBAFDCB" authority="Snyder, 2003" authorityName="Snyder" authorityYear="2003" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Polygona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="abbotti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC75725699F4EF1BFDCB" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Polygona abbotti</emphasis>
|
||
(Snyder, 2003)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Caribbean Sea.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED227EC7577FA9A35EC28FD8F" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,787]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7577FA9A35EF8AFDE9" authority="Melvill, 1891" authorityName="Melvill" authorityYear="1891" box="[151,414,550,573]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7577FA9A35EF06FDE8" box="[151,274,552,573]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Latirus eppi</emphasis>
|
||
Melvill, 1891
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—Mallard and Robin, 2005: pl. 43 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7574629A35ED28FDE8" box="[783,828,552,573]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">pars</emphasis>
|
||
; right figs. only, shell from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED227EC7573359A3AEAC0FDE9" box="[1112,1236,550,572]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
|
||
); Robin, 2008: 221, figs.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7577949A5BEF37FD8E" box="[249,291,582,603]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Non</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7576479A5BEC2CFD8F" authority="Melvill, 1891" authorityName="Melvill" authorityYear="1891" box="[298,568,581,603]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7576479A5BEFB1FD8E" box="[298,421,582,603]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Latirus eppi</emphasis>
|
||
Melvill, 1891
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED227EC7577FA9A79EB05FDAC" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,787]" box="[151,1297,611,634]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7577FA9A79EF67FDAF" box="[151,371,612,634]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7577FA9A79EF67FDAF" box="[151,371,612,634]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Pustulatirus annulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7576EF9A78EF8AFDAF" box="[386,414,613,634]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">sic</emphasis>
|
||
] (Röding, 1798)—Vermeij and Snyder, 2006: 421.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7574C59A78EDC6FDAF" box="[936,978,613,634]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Non</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7574B59A79EB19FDAC" authority="Roding, 1798" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" box="[984,1293,611,634]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Syrinx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7574B59A79EA6DFDAF" box="[984,1145,612,634]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Syrinx annulata</emphasis>
|
||
Röding, 1798
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED227EC7577FA9A9FEFC4FD62" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,787]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7577FA9A9FEF68FD4D" box="[151,380,642,664]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7577FA9A9FEF68FD4D" box="[151,380,642,664]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Pustulatirus attenuata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7576E29A9EEFBFFD4D" box="[399,427,643,664]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">sic</emphasis>
|
||
] (Reeve, 1847)—Vermeij and Snyder, 2006: 421, fig. 4B.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC75734D9A9EEA5EFD4D" box="[1056,1098,643,664]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Non</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7573399A9FEF11FD6D" authority="(Reeve, 1847)" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1847" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1847" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7573399A9FEB50FD4D" box="[1108,1348,642,664]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Pustulatirus attenuatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Reeve, 1847)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,?Caribbean region.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED227EC7577FA9ADDECC4FD21" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,787]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7577FA9ADDEC30FD03" authority="Abbott, 1958" authorityName="Abbott" authorityYear="1958" box="[151,548,704,726]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7577FA9ADDEF9CFD03" box="[151,392,704,726]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Pustulatirus virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Abbott, 1958)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—Vermeij and Snyder, 2006: 421, fig. 4H. Rosenberg
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7573319ADCEA9EFD03" box="[1116,1162,704,726]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2009: 654; Zhang, 2011: 129, figs. 445(1–3); Landau and Vermeij, 2012: 88.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED227EC7577FA9AE0EC85FCC6" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,787]" box="[151,657,765,787]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7577FA9AE0EF07FCC6" box="[151,275,765,787]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7577FA9AE0EF07FCC6" box="[151,275,765,787]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Pustulatirus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. Zhang, 2011: 129, figs. 446(1–3).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED227EC7577FA9B22EAAFFBD9" blockId="4.[151,1436,831,2009]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7577FA9B22EF35FC8D" bold="true" box="[151,289,831,856]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Description</emphasis>
|
||
: Shell of medium size for genus (largest 52.7 x
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7574279B22EDA7FC82" box="[842,947,831,855]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8699999999999999" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="18.7">18.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
), elongate, fusiform, slender, with rounded whorls, broad axial ribs, and low spiral cords; outer lip serrate and internal lirae beaded as in generic diagnosis. Variability in shell morphology, size, and color is so extensive that we choose simply to illustrate
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD227EC7573B69B95EB02FC75" box="[1243,1302,904,928]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">types</typeStatus>
|
||
and several other specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134BADEBD227EC7576319BB1EFE6FC11" box="[348,498,940,964]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 37" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1582,1605]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,1560]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,161,1561]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 37. New World Pustulatirus species. 1 – 4. Pustulatirus mediamericanus (Hertlein and Strong, 1951). 1 – 3. ANSP 449744, 50.0 mm, off Cebaco Island, Panamá, 36.6 m. 4. Same specimen, protoconch. 5 – 7. Turbinella attenuata Reeve, 1847. Holotype, NHMUK 196735, 31.1 mm, locality unknown. 8 – 11. Latirus virginensis Abbott, 1958. 8 - 9. Holotype, ANSP 196459, 34.2 mm, St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 10 – 11. Paratype, ANSP 34969, 26.6 mm West Indies. 12 – 13. Latirus karinae Nowell- Usticke, 1969. Lectotype, AMNH 198490, 32.7 mm, Puerto Rico. 14 – 30. Pustulatirus virginensis. 14. ANSP 449754, 41.4 mm, Las Galeras, Samana, Dominican Republic. 15. ANSP 449714, 52.7 mm, off St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 16. ANSP 449713, 47.7 mm, St. Thomas. 17. AMNH 191464, 50.5 mm, St. Johns, Antigua. 18. ANSP 449712, 34.7 mm, off Guadeloupe, 30 - 50 m. 19 – 21. ANSP 449717, 32.6 mm, off St. Barthelemy, 100 m. 22. ANSP 249155, 29.4 mm, off East Point, Anegada Island. 23. ANSP 35033, 38.5 mm, shell figured as Latirus elegans (Gray) by Kaicher (1986), locality unknown. 24. ANSP 449716, 27.1 mm, north of Sandy Cay, West End, Grand Bahama Island, 15 - 17 m. 25. ANSP 449715, 30.0 mm, Castillo, Duarte, Dominican Republic, 1.2 m. 26. ANSP 449720, 30.6 mm, Little St. James Island, U. S. Virgin Islands, 7.3 m. 27 – 28. ANSP 449719, 20.7 mm, Bimini, Bahamas. 29 – 30. ANSP 449718, 26.7 mm, Little St. James Island, 8.3 m. 31. Hemipolygona carinifera (Lamarck, 1816). Shell erroneously labeled “ Latirus annulatus ” in Melvill-Tomlin Collection; NMWC photo. 32 – 37. Pustulatirus utilaensis new species. 32 – 34. Holotype, ANSP 449739, 29.2 mm, off Sandy Key Reef, Utila, Honduras. 35. Paratype, ANSP 449664, 26.6 mm, southwest coast of Utila. 36 – 37. Paratype, ANSP 449659, 31.6 mm, Roatán." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283573/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Figures 8–30</figureCitation>
|
||
) to demonstrate the range of variation. Variation is also exemplified by three shells figured as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC75767B9BCCEFF8FC3D" box="[278,492,977,1000]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC75767B9BCCEFF8FC3D" box="[278,492,977,1000]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Latirus virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by Mallard and Robin (2005) and four shells figured as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7573F99BCDEB09FC3D" box="[1172,1309,976,1000]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7573F99BCDEB09FC3D" box="[1172,1309,976,1000]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Pustulatirus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7572EA9BCCEF05FBD9" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7572EA9BCCEF05FBD9" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">P. virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by Zhang (2011). Further comments on variation appear in remarks for the species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36AE2E5D227EC7777AA9C05EF32FEB1" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED227EC7577AA9C05EAB8FB49" blockId="4.[151,1436,831,2009]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7577AA9C05EF7AFBE5" bold="true" box="[199,366,1047,1072]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD227EC7577AA9C05EF14FBE5" box="[199,256,1048,1072]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
Material
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7576159C04EC45FBE5" box="[376,593,1049,1072]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7576159C04EC45FBE5" box="[376,593,1049,1072]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Latirus virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD227EC75750B9C0AECDCFBFA" box="[614,712,1047,1071]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7575BB9C0AED54FBFA" box="[726,832,1047,1071]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.42" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="34.2">34.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134BADEBD227EC7574389C0AEDF2FBFA" box="[853,998,1047,1071]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 37" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1582,1605]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,1560]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,161,1561]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 37. New World Pustulatirus species. 1 – 4. Pustulatirus mediamericanus (Hertlein and Strong, 1951). 1 – 3. ANSP 449744, 50.0 mm, off Cebaco Island, Panamá, 36.6 m. 4. Same specimen, protoconch. 5 – 7. Turbinella attenuata Reeve, 1847. Holotype, NHMUK 196735, 31.1 mm, locality unknown. 8 – 11. Latirus virginensis Abbott, 1958. 8 - 9. Holotype, ANSP 196459, 34.2 mm, St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 10 – 11. Paratype, ANSP 34969, 26.6 mm West Indies. 12 – 13. Latirus karinae Nowell- Usticke, 1969. Lectotype, AMNH 198490, 32.7 mm, Puerto Rico. 14 – 30. Pustulatirus virginensis. 14. ANSP 449754, 41.4 mm, Las Galeras, Samana, Dominican Republic. 15. ANSP 449714, 52.7 mm, off St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 16. ANSP 449713, 47.7 mm, St. Thomas. 17. AMNH 191464, 50.5 mm, St. Johns, Antigua. 18. ANSP 449712, 34.7 mm, off Guadeloupe, 30 - 50 m. 19 – 21. ANSP 449717, 32.6 mm, off St. Barthelemy, 100 m. 22. ANSP 249155, 29.4 mm, off East Point, Anegada Island. 23. ANSP 35033, 38.5 mm, shell figured as Latirus elegans (Gray) by Kaicher (1986), locality unknown. 24. ANSP 449716, 27.1 mm, north of Sandy Cay, West End, Grand Bahama Island, 15 - 17 m. 25. ANSP 449715, 30.0 mm, Castillo, Duarte, Dominican Republic, 1.2 m. 26. ANSP 449720, 30.6 mm, Little St. James Island, U. S. Virgin Islands, 7.3 m. 27 – 28. ANSP 449719, 20.7 mm, Bimini, Bahamas. 29 – 30. ANSP 449718, 26.7 mm, Little St. James Island, 8.3 m. 31. Hemipolygona carinifera (Lamarck, 1816). Shell erroneously labeled “ Latirus annulatus ” in Melvill-Tomlin Collection; NMWC photo. 32 – 37. Pustulatirus utilaensis new species. 32 – 34. Holotype, ANSP 449739, 29.2 mm, off Sandy Key Reef, Utila, Honduras. 35. Paratype, ANSP 449664, 26.6 mm, southwest coast of Utila. 36 – 37. Paratype, ANSP 449659, 31.6 mm, Roatán." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283573/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Figures 8–9</figureCitation>
|
||
), St. Thomas,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED227EC7573F69C0AEB56FBFA" box="[1179,1346,1047,1071]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
, ANSP 196459; 2
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD227EC75767F9C20EF94FB80" box="[274,384,1085,1109]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
, 32.0 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7576959C21EC74FB81" box="[504,608,1084,1108]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.94" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="29.4">29.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, St. Thomas, ANSP 34975; 2
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD227EC7574D19C20EA3EFB80" box="[956,1066,1085,1109]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC75735A9C21EA8BFB81" box="[1079,1183,1084,1108]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.66" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="36.6">36.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, lv,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7573BD9C21EB2CFB81" box="[1232,1336,1084,1108]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="29.5">29.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd?, St. Thomas, ANSP 34968; 4
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD227EC7576AA9C7DEC21FBAD" box="[455,565,1120,1144]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
, 29.8, 29.3, 26.6 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134BADEBD227EC7574639C42EDA0FBA2" box="[782,948,1119,1143]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 37" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1582,1605]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,1560]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,161,1561]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 37. New World Pustulatirus species. 1 – 4. Pustulatirus mediamericanus (Hertlein and Strong, 1951). 1 – 3. ANSP 449744, 50.0 mm, off Cebaco Island, Panamá, 36.6 m. 4. Same specimen, protoconch. 5 – 7. Turbinella attenuata Reeve, 1847. Holotype, NHMUK 196735, 31.1 mm, locality unknown. 8 – 11. Latirus virginensis Abbott, 1958. 8 - 9. Holotype, ANSP 196459, 34.2 mm, St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 10 – 11. Paratype, ANSP 34969, 26.6 mm West Indies. 12 – 13. Latirus karinae Nowell- Usticke, 1969. Lectotype, AMNH 198490, 32.7 mm, Puerto Rico. 14 – 30. Pustulatirus virginensis. 14. ANSP 449754, 41.4 mm, Las Galeras, Samana, Dominican Republic. 15. ANSP 449714, 52.7 mm, off St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 16. ANSP 449713, 47.7 mm, St. Thomas. 17. AMNH 191464, 50.5 mm, St. Johns, Antigua. 18. ANSP 449712, 34.7 mm, off Guadeloupe, 30 - 50 m. 19 – 21. ANSP 449717, 32.6 mm, off St. Barthelemy, 100 m. 22. ANSP 249155, 29.4 mm, off East Point, Anegada Island. 23. ANSP 35033, 38.5 mm, shell figured as Latirus elegans (Gray) by Kaicher (1986), locality unknown. 24. ANSP 449716, 27.1 mm, north of Sandy Cay, West End, Grand Bahama Island, 15 - 17 m. 25. ANSP 449715, 30.0 mm, Castillo, Duarte, Dominican Republic, 1.2 m. 26. ANSP 449720, 30.6 mm, Little St. James Island, U. S. Virgin Islands, 7.3 m. 27 – 28. ANSP 449719, 20.7 mm, Bimini, Bahamas. 29 – 30. ANSP 449718, 26.7 mm, Little St. James Island, 8.3 m. 31. Hemipolygona carinifera (Lamarck, 1816). Shell erroneously labeled “ Latirus annulatus ” in Melvill-Tomlin Collection; NMWC photo. 32 – 37. Pustulatirus utilaensis new species. 32 – 34. Holotype, ANSP 449739, 29.2 mm, off Sandy Key Reef, Utila, Honduras. 35. Paratype, ANSP 449664, 26.6 mm, southwest coast of Utila. 36 – 37. Paratype, ANSP 449659, 31.6 mm, Roatán." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283573/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Figures 10–11</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7574969C42EA71FBA2" box="[1019,1125,1119,1143]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="25.4">25.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, “West Indies,” ANSP 34969;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7577819C98EF8DFB49" box="[236,409,1156,1180]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="karinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7577819C98EF8DFB49" box="[236,409,1156,1180]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Latirus karinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD227EC7576C59C99EC05FB49" box="[424,529,1156,1180]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7575719C99EC94FB49" box="[540,640,1156,1180]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.27" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="32.7">32.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134BADEBD227EC7575E39C99ED20FB49" box="[654,820,1156,1180]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 37" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1582,1605]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,1560]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,161,1561]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 37. New World Pustulatirus species. 1 – 4. Pustulatirus mediamericanus (Hertlein and Strong, 1951). 1 – 3. ANSP 449744, 50.0 mm, off Cebaco Island, Panamá, 36.6 m. 4. Same specimen, protoconch. 5 – 7. Turbinella attenuata Reeve, 1847. Holotype, NHMUK 196735, 31.1 mm, locality unknown. 8 – 11. Latirus virginensis Abbott, 1958. 8 - 9. Holotype, ANSP 196459, 34.2 mm, St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 10 – 11. Paratype, ANSP 34969, 26.6 mm West Indies. 12 – 13. Latirus karinae Nowell- Usticke, 1969. Lectotype, AMNH 198490, 32.7 mm, Puerto Rico. 14 – 30. Pustulatirus virginensis. 14. ANSP 449754, 41.4 mm, Las Galeras, Samana, Dominican Republic. 15. ANSP 449714, 52.7 mm, off St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 16. ANSP 449713, 47.7 mm, St. Thomas. 17. AMNH 191464, 50.5 mm, St. Johns, Antigua. 18. ANSP 449712, 34.7 mm, off Guadeloupe, 30 - 50 m. 19 – 21. ANSP 449717, 32.6 mm, off St. Barthelemy, 100 m. 22. ANSP 249155, 29.4 mm, off East Point, Anegada Island. 23. ANSP 35033, 38.5 mm, shell figured as Latirus elegans (Gray) by Kaicher (1986), locality unknown. 24. ANSP 449716, 27.1 mm, north of Sandy Cay, West End, Grand Bahama Island, 15 - 17 m. 25. ANSP 449715, 30.0 mm, Castillo, Duarte, Dominican Republic, 1.2 m. 26. ANSP 449720, 30.6 mm, Little St. James Island, U. S. Virgin Islands, 7.3 m. 27 – 28. ANSP 449719, 20.7 mm, Bimini, Bahamas. 29 – 30. ANSP 449718, 26.7 mm, Little St. James Island, 8.3 m. 31. Hemipolygona carinifera (Lamarck, 1816). Shell erroneously labeled “ Latirus annulatus ” in Melvill-Tomlin Collection; NMWC photo. 32 – 37. Pustulatirus utilaensis new species. 32 – 34. Holotype, ANSP 449739, 29.2 mm, off Sandy Key Reef, Utila, Honduras. 35. Paratype, ANSP 449664, 26.6 mm, southwest coast of Utila. 36 – 37. Paratype, ANSP 449659, 31.6 mm, Roatán." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283573/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Figures 12–13</figureCitation>
|
||
), “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED227EC75743F9C99EDCAFB49" box="[850,990,1156,1180]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
|
||
,” AMNH 198490.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED227EC7577AA9CB5EB11FB6A" blockId="4.[151,1436,831,2009]" box="[199,1285,1191,1216]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7577AA9CB5EF6FFB15" bold="true" box="[199,379,1191,1216]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD227EC7577AA9CB5EF16FB15" box="[199,258,1192,1216]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
Localities
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7576E79CB4EC48FB15" box="[394,604,1193,1216]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7576E79CB4EC48FB15" box="[394,604,1193,1216]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Latirus virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: St. Thomas,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED227EC75759A9CBAED8CFB6A" box="[759,920,1191,1215]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7574C99CB4EA45FB15" box="[932,1105,1192,1216]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="karinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7574C99CB4EA45FB15" box="[932,1105,1192,1216]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Latirus karinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED227EC7573079CBAEAE2FB6A" box="[1130,1270,1191,1215]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
|
||
.”
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED227EC7777AA9CD6EF32FEB1" blockId="4.[151,1436,831,2009]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,2036]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7577AA9CD6EF6AFB31" bold="true" box="[199,382,1227,1252]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Other Material</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7576E09CD1EC5BFB31" bold="true" box="[397,591,1228,1252]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED227EC7576E09CD1EFE5FB31" box="[397,497,1228,1252]" name="Bahamas" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Bahama</collectingCountry>
|
||
Islands
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—2, 27.1 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134BADEBD227EC7575AA9CD1ED23FB31" box="[711,823,1228,1252]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 37" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1582,1605]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,1560]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,161,1561]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 37. New World Pustulatirus species. 1 – 4. Pustulatirus mediamericanus (Hertlein and Strong, 1951). 1 – 3. ANSP 449744, 50.0 mm, off Cebaco Island, Panamá, 36.6 m. 4. Same specimen, protoconch. 5 – 7. Turbinella attenuata Reeve, 1847. Holotype, NHMUK 196735, 31.1 mm, locality unknown. 8 – 11. Latirus virginensis Abbott, 1958. 8 - 9. Holotype, ANSP 196459, 34.2 mm, St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 10 – 11. Paratype, ANSP 34969, 26.6 mm West Indies. 12 – 13. Latirus karinae Nowell- Usticke, 1969. Lectotype, AMNH 198490, 32.7 mm, Puerto Rico. 14 – 30. Pustulatirus virginensis. 14. ANSP 449754, 41.4 mm, Las Galeras, Samana, Dominican Republic. 15. ANSP 449714, 52.7 mm, off St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 16. ANSP 449713, 47.7 mm, St. Thomas. 17. AMNH 191464, 50.5 mm, St. Johns, Antigua. 18. ANSP 449712, 34.7 mm, off Guadeloupe, 30 - 50 m. 19 – 21. ANSP 449717, 32.6 mm, off St. Barthelemy, 100 m. 22. ANSP 249155, 29.4 mm, off East Point, Anegada Island. 23. ANSP 35033, 38.5 mm, shell figured as Latirus elegans (Gray) by Kaicher (1986), locality unknown. 24. ANSP 449716, 27.1 mm, north of Sandy Cay, West End, Grand Bahama Island, 15 - 17 m. 25. ANSP 449715, 30.0 mm, Castillo, Duarte, Dominican Republic, 1.2 m. 26. ANSP 449720, 30.6 mm, Little St. James Island, U. S. Virgin Islands, 7.3 m. 27 – 28. ANSP 449719, 20.7 mm, Bimini, Bahamas. 29 – 30. ANSP 449718, 26.7 mm, Little St. James Island, 8.3 m. 31. Hemipolygona carinifera (Lamarck, 1816). Shell erroneously labeled “ Latirus annulatus ” in Melvill-Tomlin Collection; NMWC photo. 32 – 37. Pustulatirus utilaensis new species. 32 – 34. Holotype, ANSP 449739, 29.2 mm, off Sandy Key Reef, Utila, Honduras. 35. Paratype, ANSP 449664, 26.6 mm, southwest coast of Utila. 36 – 37. Paratype, ANSP 449659, 31.6 mm, Roatán." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283573/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Figure 24</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC75741A9CD1EDCAFB31" box="[887,990,1228,1252]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="25.5">25.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, lv, reef north of Sandy Cay, West
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED227EC7572059CD1EB8CFB31" box="[1384,1432,1228,1252]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">End</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Grand
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED227EC75778B9CF2EF51FAD2" box="[230,325,1263,1287]" name="Bahamas" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Bahama</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC75763C9CF2EFACFAD2" box="[337,440,1263,1287]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="16.0" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="15.0">15–17 m</quantity>
|
||
, 1999, ANSP 449716; 2, 20.0 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7574269CF2EDA7FAD2" box="[843,947,1263,1287]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.03" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="10.3">10.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, Sandy Cay, West
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED227EC7573DA9CF2EAF3FAD2" box="[1207,1255,1263,1287]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">End</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7573999CF2EB3DFAD2" box="[1268,1321,1263,1287]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2192" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="ft" value="40.0">40 ft</quantity>
|
||
[
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7572549CF2EB84FAD2" box="[1337,1424,1263,1287]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.22" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="12.2">12.2 m</quantity>
|
||
], coral rubble, LC; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7576159D09EFC9FAF9" box="[376,477,1300,1324]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="25.5">25.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, lv, Sandy Cay, West
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED227EC7575A39D09ECEAFAF9" box="[718,766,1300,1324]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">End</collectingCountry>
|
||
, LC; 2 fragments (1 shell?), dd, Gold Rock, Grand
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED227EC7572549D09EB8CFAF9" box="[1337,1432,1300,1324]" name="Bahamas" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Bahama</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7577FA9D2AEED8FA9A" box="[151,204,1335,1359]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4384" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="ft" value="80.0">80 ft</quantity>
|
||
[
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7577B69D2AEF25FA9A" box="[219,305,1335,1359]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.44" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="24.4">24.4 m</quantity>
|
||
], ANSP 369654; 2, 27.9 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7575ED9D2AECFCFA9A" box="[640,744,1335,1359]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.58" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="25.8">25.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, lv, Bimini, reef,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7574DD9D2AEDF1FA9A" box="[944,997,1335,1359]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0668" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="ft" value="35.0">35 ft</quantity>
|
||
[
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7574999D2AEA5EFA9A" box="[1012,1098,1335,1359]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0699999999999998" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="10.7">10.7 m</quantity>
|
||
], LC; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7573DD9D2AEB03FA9A" box="[1200,1303,1335,1359]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="24.5">24.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, lv, Bimini, reef,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7577BF9D41EF1CFAA1" box="[210,264,1372,1396]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3716" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="ft" value="45.0">45 ft</quantity>
|
||
[
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7576759D41EF7BFAA1" box="[280,367,1372,1396]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3699999999999999" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="13.7">13.7 m</quantity>
|
||
], LC; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7576BB9D41EC28FAA1" box="[470,572,1372,1396]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.07" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="20.7">20.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134BADEBD227EC7575219D41ECFBFAA1" box="[588,751,1372,1396]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 37" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1582,1605]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,1560]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,161,1561]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 37. New World Pustulatirus species. 1 – 4. Pustulatirus mediamericanus (Hertlein and Strong, 1951). 1 – 3. ANSP 449744, 50.0 mm, off Cebaco Island, Panamá, 36.6 m. 4. Same specimen, protoconch. 5 – 7. Turbinella attenuata Reeve, 1847. Holotype, NHMUK 196735, 31.1 mm, locality unknown. 8 – 11. Latirus virginensis Abbott, 1958. 8 - 9. Holotype, ANSP 196459, 34.2 mm, St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 10 – 11. Paratype, ANSP 34969, 26.6 mm West Indies. 12 – 13. Latirus karinae Nowell- Usticke, 1969. Lectotype, AMNH 198490, 32.7 mm, Puerto Rico. 14 – 30. Pustulatirus virginensis. 14. ANSP 449754, 41.4 mm, Las Galeras, Samana, Dominican Republic. 15. ANSP 449714, 52.7 mm, off St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 16. ANSP 449713, 47.7 mm, St. Thomas. 17. AMNH 191464, 50.5 mm, St. Johns, Antigua. 18. ANSP 449712, 34.7 mm, off Guadeloupe, 30 - 50 m. 19 – 21. ANSP 449717, 32.6 mm, off St. Barthelemy, 100 m. 22. ANSP 249155, 29.4 mm, off East Point, Anegada Island. 23. ANSP 35033, 38.5 mm, shell figured as Latirus elegans (Gray) by Kaicher (1986), locality unknown. 24. ANSP 449716, 27.1 mm, north of Sandy Cay, West End, Grand Bahama Island, 15 - 17 m. 25. ANSP 449715, 30.0 mm, Castillo, Duarte, Dominican Republic, 1.2 m. 26. ANSP 449720, 30.6 mm, Little St. James Island, U. S. Virgin Islands, 7.3 m. 27 – 28. ANSP 449719, 20.7 mm, Bimini, Bahamas. 29 – 30. ANSP 449718, 26.7 mm, Little St. James Island, 8.3 m. 31. Hemipolygona carinifera (Lamarck, 1816). Shell erroneously labeled “ Latirus annulatus ” in Melvill-Tomlin Collection; NMWC photo. 32 – 37. Pustulatirus utilaensis new species. 32 – 34. Holotype, ANSP 449739, 29.2 mm, off Sandy Key Reef, Utila, Honduras. 35. Paratype, ANSP 449664, 26.6 mm, southwest coast of Utila. 36 – 37. Paratype, ANSP 449659, 31.6 mm, Roatán." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283573/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Figures 27-28</figureCitation>
|
||
), dd, Bimini, 7/1985, ANSP 499719; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7573D29D41EB33FAA1" box="[1215,1319,1372,1396]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.42" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="24.2">24.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, lv, Turtle Rocks, South Bimini,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7576FF9D62EFD3FA42" box="[402,455,1407,1431]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.144" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="ft" value="30.0">30 ft</quantity>
|
||
[
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7576BB9D62EC0AFA4D" box="[470,542,1407,1432]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="9.1">9.1 m</quantity>
|
||
], LC; 2, 24.6 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7575819D62ED40FA4D" box="[748,852,1407,1432]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.89" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="18.9">18.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, lv,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7574EE9D62EDC6FA42" box="[899,978,1407,1431]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="km" value="3.2">3.2 km</quantity>
|
||
south of Northwest Channel Light,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7572069D62EEAFFA69" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.92" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="km" value="19.2">19.2 km</quantity>
|
||
southwest of Chub Cay,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED227EC7576BF9DB9EC28FA69" box="[466,572,1444,1468]" name="Bahamas" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC75752A9DB9ECB4FA69" box="[583,672,1444,1468]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4384" metricValueMax="2.7432" metricValueMin="2.1336" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="ft" value="80.0" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="70.0">70-90 ft</quantity>
|
||
[
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7575C09DB9ED28FA69" box="[685,828,1444,1468]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" metricValueMax="2.76" metricValueMin="2.1399999999999997" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="24.5" valueMax="27.6" valueMin="21.4">21.4-27.6 m</quantity>
|
||
], LC; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7574F09DB9EA16FA69" box="[925,1026,1444,1468]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6399999999999997" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="26.4">26.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, Silver Cay Beach, Nassau, New Providence, LC; 2, 33.7 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC75768F9DDAEC5EFA35" box="[482,586,1479,1504]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.46" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="24.6">24.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, beach
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7575A39DDAED0AFA0A" box="[718,798,1479,1503]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="km" value="1.6">1.6 km</quantity>
|
||
south of Fresh Creek, Andros, LC; 1, 19.0 mm, dd, off Fresh Creek, Andros, LC; 4, 31.4, 29.7, 20.5 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7575A39DF1ED21F9D1" box="[718,821,1516,1540]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="20.5">20.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, AUTEC Base, Andros, beached by storm, LC; 1, 28.0 mm, dd, off Windimere, Eleuthera,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC75750D9E12EC9AF9FD" box="[608,654,1551,1576]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
|
||
, 6/1988, ANSP 449778.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7574CA9E0DEAC2F9FD" bold="true" box="[935,1238,1551,1576]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED227EC7574CA9E0DEAC2F9FD" box="[935,1238,1551,1576]" name="Turks and Caicos Islands" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Turks and Caicos Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7572639E12EB61F9FD" box="[1294,1397,1551,1576]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.38" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="23.8">23.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, lv, “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED227EC7577CC9E29EEF0F999" box="[161,228,1588,1612]" name="Turks and Caicos Islands" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Turks</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED227EC75764D9E29EF65F999" box="[288,369,1588,1612]" name="Turks and Caicos Islands" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Caicos</collectingCountry>
|
||
,” LC.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7576D39E2EECA2F999" bold="true" box="[446,694,1587,1612]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED227EC7576D39E2EECA2F999" box="[446,694,1587,1612]" name="Dominican Republic" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Dominican Republic</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—1, 30.0 mm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134BADEBD227EC7574049E29EDC9F999" box="[873,989,1588,1612]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 37" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1582,1605]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,1560]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,161,1561]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 37. New World Pustulatirus species. 1 – 4. Pustulatirus mediamericanus (Hertlein and Strong, 1951). 1 – 3. ANSP 449744, 50.0 mm, off Cebaco Island, Panamá, 36.6 m. 4. Same specimen, protoconch. 5 – 7. Turbinella attenuata Reeve, 1847. Holotype, NHMUK 196735, 31.1 mm, locality unknown. 8 – 11. Latirus virginensis Abbott, 1958. 8 - 9. Holotype, ANSP 196459, 34.2 mm, St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 10 – 11. Paratype, ANSP 34969, 26.6 mm West Indies. 12 – 13. Latirus karinae Nowell- Usticke, 1969. Lectotype, AMNH 198490, 32.7 mm, Puerto Rico. 14 – 30. Pustulatirus virginensis. 14. ANSP 449754, 41.4 mm, Las Galeras, Samana, Dominican Republic. 15. ANSP 449714, 52.7 mm, off St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 16. ANSP 449713, 47.7 mm, St. Thomas. 17. AMNH 191464, 50.5 mm, St. Johns, Antigua. 18. ANSP 449712, 34.7 mm, off Guadeloupe, 30 - 50 m. 19 – 21. ANSP 449717, 32.6 mm, off St. Barthelemy, 100 m. 22. ANSP 249155, 29.4 mm, off East Point, Anegada Island. 23. ANSP 35033, 38.5 mm, shell figured as Latirus elegans (Gray) by Kaicher (1986), locality unknown. 24. ANSP 449716, 27.1 mm, north of Sandy Cay, West End, Grand Bahama Island, 15 - 17 m. 25. ANSP 449715, 30.0 mm, Castillo, Duarte, Dominican Republic, 1.2 m. 26. ANSP 449720, 30.6 mm, Little St. James Island, U. S. Virgin Islands, 7.3 m. 27 – 28. ANSP 449719, 20.7 mm, Bimini, Bahamas. 29 – 30. ANSP 449718, 26.7 mm, Little St. James Island, 8.3 m. 31. Hemipolygona carinifera (Lamarck, 1816). Shell erroneously labeled “ Latirus annulatus ” in Melvill-Tomlin Collection; NMWC photo. 32 – 37. Pustulatirus utilaensis new species. 32 – 34. Holotype, ANSP 449739, 29.2 mm, off Sandy Key Reef, Utila, Honduras. 35. Paratype, ANSP 449664, 26.6 mm, southwest coast of Utila. 36 – 37. Paratype, ANSP 449659, 31.6 mm, Roatán." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283573/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Figure 25</figureCitation>
|
||
), lv, 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7573559E29EAB4F999" box="[1080,1184,1588,1612]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.17" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="11.7">11.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, northern coast at Castillo, Duarte, rubble,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7576C69E4AEFC5F9BA" box="[427,465,1623,1647]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2192" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="ft" value="4.0">4 ft</quantity>
|
||
[
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7576B29E4AEC30F9A5" box="[479,548,1623,1648]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="1.2">1.2 m</quantity>
|
||
], 8/1994, ANSP 449715; 15, 43.3, 42.2, 40.3, 39.2, 39.0, 38.6, 35.2, 33.6, 20.8, 20.0, 19.4, 19.2, 16.3 and 14.0 mm, lv, 14, 40.3, 39.0, 37.2, 32.4, 32.2, 29.4, 27.3, 23.6, 23.1, 23.0, 21.7, 21.0, 19.8 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7577A59EBDEF24F96D" box="[200,304,1696,1720]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.92" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="19.2">19.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, Las Galeras, Samaná,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7575049EBDECC1F96D" box="[617,725,1696,1720]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9812" metricValueMax="3.048" metricValueMin="0.9144" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="ft" value="6.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="3.0">3 to 10 ft</quantity>
|
||
[
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7575889EBDED4EF96D" box="[741,858,1696,1720]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="2.0" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="0.9">0.9-3.1 m</quantity>
|
||
],
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7574029EBCED9CF96D" box="[879,904,1697,1720]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">ex</emphasis>
|
||
Glenn Duffy, LC; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7573EF9EBDEAFCF96D" box="[1154,1256,1696,1720]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.14" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="41.4">41.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134BADEBD227EC7573959EBDEB7DF96D" box="[1272,1385,1696,1720]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 37" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1582,1605]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,1560]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,161,1561]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 37. New World Pustulatirus species. 1 – 4. Pustulatirus mediamericanus (Hertlein and Strong, 1951). 1 – 3. ANSP 449744, 50.0 mm, off Cebaco Island, Panamá, 36.6 m. 4. Same specimen, protoconch. 5 – 7. Turbinella attenuata Reeve, 1847. Holotype, NHMUK 196735, 31.1 mm, locality unknown. 8 – 11. Latirus virginensis Abbott, 1958. 8 - 9. Holotype, ANSP 196459, 34.2 mm, St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 10 – 11. Paratype, ANSP 34969, 26.6 mm West Indies. 12 – 13. Latirus karinae Nowell- Usticke, 1969. Lectotype, AMNH 198490, 32.7 mm, Puerto Rico. 14 – 30. Pustulatirus virginensis. 14. ANSP 449754, 41.4 mm, Las Galeras, Samana, Dominican Republic. 15. ANSP 449714, 52.7 mm, off St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 16. ANSP 449713, 47.7 mm, St. Thomas. 17. AMNH 191464, 50.5 mm, St. Johns, Antigua. 18. ANSP 449712, 34.7 mm, off Guadeloupe, 30 - 50 m. 19 – 21. ANSP 449717, 32.6 mm, off St. Barthelemy, 100 m. 22. ANSP 249155, 29.4 mm, off East Point, Anegada Island. 23. ANSP 35033, 38.5 mm, shell figured as Latirus elegans (Gray) by Kaicher (1986), locality unknown. 24. ANSP 449716, 27.1 mm, north of Sandy Cay, West End, Grand Bahama Island, 15 - 17 m. 25. ANSP 449715, 30.0 mm, Castillo, Duarte, Dominican Republic, 1.2 m. 26. ANSP 449720, 30.6 mm, Little St. James Island, U. S. Virgin Islands, 7.3 m. 27 – 28. ANSP 449719, 20.7 mm, Bimini, Bahamas. 29 – 30. ANSP 449718, 26.7 mm, Little St. James Island, 8.3 m. 31. Hemipolygona carinifera (Lamarck, 1816). Shell erroneously labeled “ Latirus annulatus ” in Melvill-Tomlin Collection; NMWC photo. 32 – 37. Pustulatirus utilaensis new species. 32 – 34. Holotype, ANSP 449739, 29.2 mm, off Sandy Key Reef, Utila, Honduras. 35. Paratype, ANSP 449664, 26.6 mm, southwest coast of Utila. 36 – 37. Paratype, ANSP 449659, 31.6 mm, Roatán." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283573/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Figure 14</figureCitation>
|
||
), lv, same data, ANSP 449754; 2, 25.1 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC75752B9ED9ECBFF909" box="[582,683,1732,1756]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.36" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="23.6">23.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, lv, Las Galeras, Samaná,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7574BC9ED9EA01F909" box="[977,1045,1732,1756]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1-2 m</quantity>
|
||
, 1994, ANSP 449791; 1, 20.0 mm, lv, Meces, on dead coral at low water, LC.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC75751A9EF5ED11F8D5" bold="true" box="[631,773,1767,1792]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED227EC75751A9EF5ED11F8D5" box="[631,773,1767,1792]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7574509EF5EDB7F8D5" box="[829,931,1768,1792]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.13" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="21.3">21.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, Bahía Salinas, Cabo Rojo,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC75726A9EF5EB2FF8D5" box="[1287,1339,1768,1792]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.572" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="ft" value="15.0">15 ft</quantity>
|
||
[
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7572249EF5EB84F8D5" box="[1353,1424,1768,1792]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="4.6">4.6 m</quantity>
|
||
], on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7577D19F11EF3DF8F1" box="[188,297,1804,1828]" class="Liliopsida" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Thalassia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alismatales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7577D19F11EF3DF8F1" box="[188,297,1804,1828]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Thalassia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 3/2000, LC; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7576879F11EC46F8F1" box="[490,594,1804,1828]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6199999999999999" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="16.2">16.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, same locality and date,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7574F19F11EDC6F8F1" box="[924,978,1804,1828]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4864" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="ft" value="18.0">18 ft</quantity>
|
||
[
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC75748F9F11EA3FF8F1" box="[994,1067,1804,1828]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="5.5">5.5 m</quantity>
|
||
], LC; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7573FE9F11EAEFF8F1" box="[1171,1275,1804,1828]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4799999999999995" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="34.8">34.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, San Juan Harbor, 1980, ANSP 449771; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7575649F2DEC7BF89D" box="[521,623,1840,1864]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.42" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="24.2">24.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED227EC7575DD9F2DED28F89D" box="[688,828,1840,1864]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
|
||
,” “
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD227EC7574309F2DEDD0F89D" box="[861,964,1840,1864]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
,” ANSP 219064; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7573C49F2DEB04F89D" box="[1193,1296,1840,1864]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7399999999999998" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="27.4">27.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED227EC75723D9F2DEEC4F8B9" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
|
||
,”
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC75778B9F48EEEBF8B9" box="[230,255,1877,1900]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">ex</emphasis>
|
||
Warmke, UF 162196; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7575719F49EC96F8B9" box="[540,642,1876,1900]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.57" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="25.7">25.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED227EC7575AC9F49ED59F8B9" box="[705,845,1876,1900]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
|
||
,”
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC75740E9F48ED68F8B9" box="[867,892,1877,1900]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">ex</emphasis>
|
||
Warmke, UF 162197; 12, 33.1, 32.9, 29.7, 27.9, 27.8, 27.5, 26.7, 26.4, 26.2, 26.0, 21.2 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7575189F65ECCFF845" box="[629,731,1912,1936]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.08" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="20.8">20.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED227EC7574779F65EDB1F845" box="[794,933,1912,1936]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
|
||
,” Usticke Coll. [identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD227EC7573829F64EB8FF845" box="[1263,1435,1912,1936]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="karinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7573829F64EB8FF845" box="[1263,1435,1912,1936]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Latirus karinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by Usticke, =
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD227EC75765F9F81EFC8F861" box="[306,476,1948,1972]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
?], AMNH 191472.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7575D99F81ED8FF861" bold="true" box="[692,923,1947,1972]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED227EC7575D99F81ECF9F861" box="[692,749,1947,1972]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">U. S.</collectingCountry>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED227EC75759E9F86ED8FF861" box="[755,923,1947,1972]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—2, 27.4 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD227EC7573549F81EA8BF861" box="[1081,1183,1948,1972]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.96" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="19.6">19.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, Krause’s Reef, St. Croix,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD227EC7577889FDCEEEAF80D" box="[229,254,1985,2008]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">ex</emphasis>
|
||
Usticke via McGinty, UF 135674; 39, 30.2 to 5.0 mm, dd, St. Croix at Long Reef, 2/1964 and Krause’s Reef, 3/1965, Usticke Coll., AMNH 191463; 2, 24.2 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC747479988AED6DFF7A" box="[788,889,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.19" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="21.9">21.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, off St. Croix, 1992, ANSP 449788; 20, 29.0, 26.2, 24.6, 22.3, 22.3, 22.3, 22.2, 22.2, 22.1, 21.7, 21.2, 21.0, 21.0, 20.9, 20.8, 20.6, 20.2, 18.6, 17.4 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC74725C98A1EB83FF01" box="[1329,1431,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.63" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="16.3">16.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, Cowpet Bay, St. Thomas,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD226EC7476AE98FCEFC8FF2D" box="[451,476,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">ex</emphasis>
|
||
J. E. Holeman, AMNH
|
||
<date id="FFCE97AED226EC74759A98C2ED5AFF22" box="[759,846,223,247]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" value="01-05-17">170501</date>
|
||
; 2, 21.6 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC74748898C2EA2AFF22" box="[997,1086,223,247]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="9.7">9.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, Cowpet Bay, St. Thomas, AMNH 191476; 3, 33.7, 24.8 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7475749919EC6BFEC9" box="[537,639,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.37" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="23.7">23.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, Cowpet Bay, St. Thomas, ANSP 449795; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7473C59919EB1BFEC9" box="[1192,1295,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4299999999999997" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="34.3">34.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, Cowpet Bay, St. Thomas, 1990, ANSP 449784; 3, 30.8, 16.9 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC747478993AED6EFEEA" box="[789,890,295,319]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.64" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="16.4">16.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, Cowpet Bay, St. Thomas,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD226EC7473B99934EAF9FE95" box="[1236,1261,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">ex</emphasis>
|
||
J. Holeman via McGinty, UF 156255; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7476D19951EC31FEB1" box="[444,549,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.86" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="38.6">38.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, Crown Bay, St. Thomas,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD226EC7474EE9950ED88FEB1" box="[899,924,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">ex</emphasis>
|
||
Usticke via McGinty, UF 135675; 17, 40.9, 37.5, 36.6, 34.9, 33.3, 31.7, 31.1, 29.3, 27.3, 25.1, 22.9, 20.3, 19.0, 16.7, 14.0, 13.8 and 13.0, dd, Yacht Club, Jessup Bay, St. Thomas, 1969, AMNH 191470; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7475BE9989ED2EFE79" box="[723,826,404,428]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.84" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="38.4">38.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, Jessup Bay, St. Thomas,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD226EC7473E79988EAB6FE79" box="[1162,1186,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">ex</emphasis>
|
||
Usticke via McGinty, UF 156254; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC74765299AAEFB1FE1A" box="[319,421,439,463]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.62" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="36.2">36.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, St. Thomas Harbor,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD226EC7475D799A4ECC6FE05" box="[698,722,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">ex</emphasis>
|
||
J. Holeman via McGinty, UF 135673; 2, 28.0 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC74726599AAEB7AFE1A" box="[1288,1390,439,463]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.69" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="26.9">26.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, St. Thomas Harbor, St. Thomas,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD226EC74757F99C0EC3FFE21" box="[530,555,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">ex</emphasis>
|
||
McGinty, UF 135677; 4, 30.6, 17.5, 16.9 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC74732499C1EAB7FE21" box="[1097,1187,476,500]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="8.9">8.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, Water
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC74724499C1EB64FE21" box="[1321,1392,476,500]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
, St. Thomas,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD226EC7477929A1CEF03FDCD" box="[255,279,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">ex</emphasis>
|
||
J. Holeman via McGinty, UF 363808; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC74758699E2ED46FDC2" box="[747,850,511,535]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.69" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="16.9">16.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, West Gregorie Channel between Water Isle and St. Thomas, ANSP 255163; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC74769C9A39EC43FDE9" box="[497,599,548,572]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.53" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="35.3">35.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, dredged off St. Thomas, 1980, ANSP 449774; 2, 52.7 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134BADEBD226EC7473989A39EB70FDE9" box="[1269,1380,548,572]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 37" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1582,1605]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,1560]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,161,1561]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 37. New World Pustulatirus species. 1 – 4. Pustulatirus mediamericanus (Hertlein and Strong, 1951). 1 – 3. ANSP 449744, 50.0 mm, off Cebaco Island, Panamá, 36.6 m. 4. Same specimen, protoconch. 5 – 7. Turbinella attenuata Reeve, 1847. Holotype, NHMUK 196735, 31.1 mm, locality unknown. 8 – 11. Latirus virginensis Abbott, 1958. 8 - 9. Holotype, ANSP 196459, 34.2 mm, St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 10 – 11. Paratype, ANSP 34969, 26.6 mm West Indies. 12 – 13. Latirus karinae Nowell- Usticke, 1969. Lectotype, AMNH 198490, 32.7 mm, Puerto Rico. 14 – 30. Pustulatirus virginensis. 14. ANSP 449754, 41.4 mm, Las Galeras, Samana, Dominican Republic. 15. ANSP 449714, 52.7 mm, off St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 16. ANSP 449713, 47.7 mm, St. Thomas. 17. AMNH 191464, 50.5 mm, St. Johns, Antigua. 18. ANSP 449712, 34.7 mm, off Guadeloupe, 30 - 50 m. 19 – 21. ANSP 449717, 32.6 mm, off St. Barthelemy, 100 m. 22. ANSP 249155, 29.4 mm, off East Point, Anegada Island. 23. ANSP 35033, 38.5 mm, shell figured as Latirus elegans (Gray) by Kaicher (1986), locality unknown. 24. ANSP 449716, 27.1 mm, north of Sandy Cay, West End, Grand Bahama Island, 15 - 17 m. 25. ANSP 449715, 30.0 mm, Castillo, Duarte, Dominican Republic, 1.2 m. 26. ANSP 449720, 30.6 mm, Little St. James Island, U. S. Virgin Islands, 7.3 m. 27 – 28. ANSP 449719, 20.7 mm, Bimini, Bahamas. 29 – 30. ANSP 449718, 26.7 mm, Little St. James Island, 8.3 m. 31. Hemipolygona carinifera (Lamarck, 1816). Shell erroneously labeled “ Latirus annulatus ” in Melvill-Tomlin Collection; NMWC photo. 32 – 37. Pustulatirus utilaensis new species. 32 – 34. Holotype, ANSP 449739, 29.2 mm, off Sandy Key Reef, Utila, Honduras. 35. Paratype, ANSP 449664, 26.6 mm, southwest coast of Utila. 36 – 37. Paratype, ANSP 449659, 31.6 mm, Roatán." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283573/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Figure 15</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7477FA9A5AEEE8FD8A" box="[151,252,583,607]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.029999999999999" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="50.3">50.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, off St. Thomas, dredged, 1987, ANSP 449714; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7474339A5AEDD0FD8A" box="[862,964,583,607]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.69" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="36.9">36.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, off St. Thomas, 1988, ANSP 449779; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7477DE9A71EF0DFD51" box="[179,281,620,644]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.54" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="45.4">45.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, off St. Thomas, 1990, ANSP 449786; 3, 30.9, 24.4 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7474D09A71EA37FD51" box="[957,1059,620,644]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.32" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="23.2">23.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, off St. Thomas, 1992, ANSP 449790; 9, 40.0, 33.0, 20.8, 20.2, 16.7, 14.5, 10.8, 9.9 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC74744F9A92ED6DFD72" box="[802,889,655,679]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="8.8">8.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, St. Thomas,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD226EC7473579A8CEA46FD7D" box="[1082,1106,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">ex</emphasis>
|
||
Joan Brindley, 1965, AMNH 182520; 3, 47.7 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134BADEBD226EC74763A9AA9EFD3FD19" box="[343,455,692,716]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 37" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1582,1605]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,1560]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,161,1561]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 37. New World Pustulatirus species. 1 – 4. Pustulatirus mediamericanus (Hertlein and Strong, 1951). 1 – 3. ANSP 449744, 50.0 mm, off Cebaco Island, Panamá, 36.6 m. 4. Same specimen, protoconch. 5 – 7. Turbinella attenuata Reeve, 1847. Holotype, NHMUK 196735, 31.1 mm, locality unknown. 8 – 11. Latirus virginensis Abbott, 1958. 8 - 9. Holotype, ANSP 196459, 34.2 mm, St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 10 – 11. Paratype, ANSP 34969, 26.6 mm West Indies. 12 – 13. Latirus karinae Nowell- Usticke, 1969. Lectotype, AMNH 198490, 32.7 mm, Puerto Rico. 14 – 30. Pustulatirus virginensis. 14. ANSP 449754, 41.4 mm, Las Galeras, Samana, Dominican Republic. 15. ANSP 449714, 52.7 mm, off St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 16. ANSP 449713, 47.7 mm, St. Thomas. 17. AMNH 191464, 50.5 mm, St. Johns, Antigua. 18. ANSP 449712, 34.7 mm, off Guadeloupe, 30 - 50 m. 19 – 21. ANSP 449717, 32.6 mm, off St. Barthelemy, 100 m. 22. ANSP 249155, 29.4 mm, off East Point, Anegada Island. 23. ANSP 35033, 38.5 mm, shell figured as Latirus elegans (Gray) by Kaicher (1986), locality unknown. 24. ANSP 449716, 27.1 mm, north of Sandy Cay, West End, Grand Bahama Island, 15 - 17 m. 25. ANSP 449715, 30.0 mm, Castillo, Duarte, Dominican Republic, 1.2 m. 26. ANSP 449720, 30.6 mm, Little St. James Island, U. S. Virgin Islands, 7.3 m. 27 – 28. ANSP 449719, 20.7 mm, Bimini, Bahamas. 29 – 30. ANSP 449718, 26.7 mm, Little St. James Island, 8.3 m. 31. Hemipolygona carinifera (Lamarck, 1816). Shell erroneously labeled “ Latirus annulatus ” in Melvill-Tomlin Collection; NMWC photo. 32 – 37. Pustulatirus utilaensis new species. 32 – 34. Holotype, ANSP 449739, 29.2 mm, off Sandy Key Reef, Utila, Honduras. 35. Paratype, ANSP 449664, 26.6 mm, southwest coast of Utila. 36 – 37. Paratype, ANSP 449659, 31.6 mm, Roatán." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283573/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Figure 16</figureCitation>
|
||
), 25.5 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC74752B9AA9ECB9FD19" box="[582,685,692,716]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.51" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="25.1">25.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, St. Thomas, 1976, ANSP 449713; 3, 18.0, 15.3 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC74725C9AA9EB83FD19" box="[1329,1431,692,716]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.34" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="13.4">13.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, St. Thomas, Usticke Coll., AMNH 191490; 4, 30.1, 29.1, 25.7 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7474D59ACAEA0AFD3A" box="[952,1054,727,751]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6199999999999999" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="16.2">16.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, St. Thomas, AMNH 114569; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7477D99AE1EF0FFCC1" box="[180,283,764,788]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.44" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="24.4">24.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, St. Thomas, 1983, ANSP 449776; 2, 23.2 and 19.0 mm, dd, St. Thomas, ANSP 449796; 4, 29.9, 29.7, 28.4 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7476519B02EFB5FCED" box="[316,417,799,824]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.42" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="24.2">24.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, St. Thomas, LC; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7475DD9B02ED01FCED" box="[688,789,799,824]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.19" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="31.9">31.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, lv, St. Thomas, LC; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7473719B02EA6BFCED" box="[1052,1151,799,824]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.06" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="30.6">30.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134BADEBD226EC7473E09B02EAE9FCE2" box="[1165,1277,799,823]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 37" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1582,1605]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,1560]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,161,1561]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 37. New World Pustulatirus species. 1 – 4. Pustulatirus mediamericanus (Hertlein and Strong, 1951). 1 – 3. ANSP 449744, 50.0 mm, off Cebaco Island, Panamá, 36.6 m. 4. Same specimen, protoconch. 5 – 7. Turbinella attenuata Reeve, 1847. Holotype, NHMUK 196735, 31.1 mm, locality unknown. 8 – 11. Latirus virginensis Abbott, 1958. 8 - 9. Holotype, ANSP 196459, 34.2 mm, St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 10 – 11. Paratype, ANSP 34969, 26.6 mm West Indies. 12 – 13. Latirus karinae Nowell- Usticke, 1969. Lectotype, AMNH 198490, 32.7 mm, Puerto Rico. 14 – 30. Pustulatirus virginensis. 14. ANSP 449754, 41.4 mm, Las Galeras, Samana, Dominican Republic. 15. ANSP 449714, 52.7 mm, off St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 16. ANSP 449713, 47.7 mm, St. Thomas. 17. AMNH 191464, 50.5 mm, St. Johns, Antigua. 18. ANSP 449712, 34.7 mm, off Guadeloupe, 30 - 50 m. 19 – 21. ANSP 449717, 32.6 mm, off St. Barthelemy, 100 m. 22. ANSP 249155, 29.4 mm, off East Point, Anegada Island. 23. ANSP 35033, 38.5 mm, shell figured as Latirus elegans (Gray) by Kaicher (1986), locality unknown. 24. ANSP 449716, 27.1 mm, north of Sandy Cay, West End, Grand Bahama Island, 15 - 17 m. 25. ANSP 449715, 30.0 mm, Castillo, Duarte, Dominican Republic, 1.2 m. 26. ANSP 449720, 30.6 mm, Little St. James Island, U. S. Virgin Islands, 7.3 m. 27 – 28. ANSP 449719, 20.7 mm, Bimini, Bahamas. 29 – 30. ANSP 449718, 26.7 mm, Little St. James Island, 8.3 m. 31. Hemipolygona carinifera (Lamarck, 1816). Shell erroneously labeled “ Latirus annulatus ” in Melvill-Tomlin Collection; NMWC photo. 32 – 37. Pustulatirus utilaensis new species. 32 – 34. Holotype, ANSP 449739, 29.2 mm, off Sandy Key Reef, Utila, Honduras. 35. Paratype, ANSP 449664, 26.6 mm, southwest coast of Utila. 36 – 37. Paratype, ANSP 449659, 31.6 mm, Roatán." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283573/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Figure 26</figureCitation>
|
||
), dd, Little St. James
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7477889B59EF38FC89" box="[229,300,836,860]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7476579B59EF65FC89" box="[314,369,836,860]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3152" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="ft" value="24.0">24 ft</quantity>
|
||
[
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7476EC9B59EFDEFC89" box="[385,458,836,860]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="7.3">7.3 m</quantity>
|
||
], 6/1996, ANSP 449720; 8, 24.2, 22.3, 20.9, 20.6, 20.4, 19.9, 19.9 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7472679B59EB67FC89" box="[1290,1395,836,860]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.68" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="16.8">16.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, lv, Little St. James
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7476269B7AEF86FCAA" box="[331,402,871,895]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7476F09B7AEFC5FCAA" box="[413,465,871,895]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2296" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="ft" value="27.0">27 ft</quantity>
|
||
[
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7476B29B7AEC32FC55" box="[479,550,871,896]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="8.2">8.2 m</quantity>
|
||
],
|
||
<date id="FFCE97AED226EC7475549B7AEC8BFCAA" box="[569,671,871,895]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" value="2000-09-07">7/9/2000</date>
|
||
, LC; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7475949B7AED49FC55" box="[761,861,871,896]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.67" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="26.7">26.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134BADEBD226EC7474069B7AEA18FCAA" box="[875,1036,871,895]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 37" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1582,1605]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,1560]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,161,1561]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 37. New World Pustulatirus species. 1 – 4. Pustulatirus mediamericanus (Hertlein and Strong, 1951). 1 – 3. ANSP 449744, 50.0 mm, off Cebaco Island, Panamá, 36.6 m. 4. Same specimen, protoconch. 5 – 7. Turbinella attenuata Reeve, 1847. Holotype, NHMUK 196735, 31.1 mm, locality unknown. 8 – 11. Latirus virginensis Abbott, 1958. 8 - 9. Holotype, ANSP 196459, 34.2 mm, St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 10 – 11. Paratype, ANSP 34969, 26.6 mm West Indies. 12 – 13. Latirus karinae Nowell- Usticke, 1969. Lectotype, AMNH 198490, 32.7 mm, Puerto Rico. 14 – 30. Pustulatirus virginensis. 14. ANSP 449754, 41.4 mm, Las Galeras, Samana, Dominican Republic. 15. ANSP 449714, 52.7 mm, off St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 16. ANSP 449713, 47.7 mm, St. Thomas. 17. AMNH 191464, 50.5 mm, St. Johns, Antigua. 18. ANSP 449712, 34.7 mm, off Guadeloupe, 30 - 50 m. 19 – 21. ANSP 449717, 32.6 mm, off St. Barthelemy, 100 m. 22. ANSP 249155, 29.4 mm, off East Point, Anegada Island. 23. ANSP 35033, 38.5 mm, shell figured as Latirus elegans (Gray) by Kaicher (1986), locality unknown. 24. ANSP 449716, 27.1 mm, north of Sandy Cay, West End, Grand Bahama Island, 15 - 17 m. 25. ANSP 449715, 30.0 mm, Castillo, Duarte, Dominican Republic, 1.2 m. 26. ANSP 449720, 30.6 mm, Little St. James Island, U. S. Virgin Islands, 7.3 m. 27 – 28. ANSP 449719, 20.7 mm, Bimini, Bahamas. 29 – 30. ANSP 449718, 26.7 mm, Little St. James Island, 8.3 m. 31. Hemipolygona carinifera (Lamarck, 1816). Shell erroneously labeled “ Latirus annulatus ” in Melvill-Tomlin Collection; NMWC photo. 32 – 37. Pustulatirus utilaensis new species. 32 – 34. Holotype, ANSP 449739, 29.2 mm, off Sandy Key Reef, Utila, Honduras. 35. Paratype, ANSP 449664, 26.6 mm, southwest coast of Utila. 36 – 37. Paratype, ANSP 449659, 31.6 mm, Roatán." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283573/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Figures 29-30</figureCitation>
|
||
), same data, ANSP 449718; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7472079B7AEED1FC71" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.43" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="24.3">24.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, lv, same data, SC; 6, 24.7, 22.6, 22.6, 22.3, 21.7 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7474749B91ED6AFC71" box="[793,894,908,932]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="21.5">21.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, lv, Little St. James
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7473319B91EAB7FC71" box="[1116,1187,908,932]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7473C39B91EAF5FC71" box="[1198,1249,908,932]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2296" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="ft" value="27.0">27 ft</quantity>
|
||
[
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7473829B91EB21FC71" box="[1263,1333,908,932]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="8.2">8.2 m</quantity>
|
||
], 7/2002, LC; 5, 38.4, 37.7, 31.2, 28.4 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC74757C9BB2EC6CFC1D" box="[529,632,943,968]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.79" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="27.9">27.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7475DD9BB2ED1AFC12" box="[688,782,943,967]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">St. John</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1978, ANSP 449748; 2, 47.0 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7473F69BB2EB16FC1D" box="[1179,1282,943,968]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.529999999999999" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="45.3">45.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7472579BB2EB8CFC12" box="[1338,1432,943,967]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">St. John</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1980, ANSP 449775; 1, dd,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7476B49BC9EC54FC39" box="[473,576,980,1004]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="20.5">20.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC74753B9BC9ECE8FC39" box="[598,764,980,1004]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
,” scuba at night in rubble,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7473419BC9EA94FC39" box="[1068,1152,980,1004]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="9.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="9.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="9.0">9-10 m</quantity>
|
||
, 1997, ANSP 449793; 2, 31.7 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC74766C9BEAEF7CFBC5" box="[257,360,1015,1040]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.69" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="26.9">26.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7476C79BEAEC5BFBDA" box="[426,591,1015,1039]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
,” LC.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD226EC7475F79BEAED8AFBC5" bold="true" box="[666,926,1015,1040]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7475F79BEAED8AFBC5" box="[666,926,1015,1040]" name="British Virgin Islands" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">British Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7474B59BEAEA29FBC5" box="[984,1085,1015,1040]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.94" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="29.4">29.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134BADEBD226EC7473219BEAEAABFBDA" box="[1100,1215,1015,1039]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 37" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1582,1605]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,1560]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,161,1561]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 37. New World Pustulatirus species. 1 – 4. Pustulatirus mediamericanus (Hertlein and Strong, 1951). 1 – 3. ANSP 449744, 50.0 mm, off Cebaco Island, Panamá, 36.6 m. 4. Same specimen, protoconch. 5 – 7. Turbinella attenuata Reeve, 1847. Holotype, NHMUK 196735, 31.1 mm, locality unknown. 8 – 11. Latirus virginensis Abbott, 1958. 8 - 9. Holotype, ANSP 196459, 34.2 mm, St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 10 – 11. Paratype, ANSP 34969, 26.6 mm West Indies. 12 – 13. Latirus karinae Nowell- Usticke, 1969. Lectotype, AMNH 198490, 32.7 mm, Puerto Rico. 14 – 30. Pustulatirus virginensis. 14. ANSP 449754, 41.4 mm, Las Galeras, Samana, Dominican Republic. 15. ANSP 449714, 52.7 mm, off St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 16. ANSP 449713, 47.7 mm, St. Thomas. 17. AMNH 191464, 50.5 mm, St. Johns, Antigua. 18. ANSP 449712, 34.7 mm, off Guadeloupe, 30 - 50 m. 19 – 21. ANSP 449717, 32.6 mm, off St. Barthelemy, 100 m. 22. ANSP 249155, 29.4 mm, off East Point, Anegada Island. 23. ANSP 35033, 38.5 mm, shell figured as Latirus elegans (Gray) by Kaicher (1986), locality unknown. 24. ANSP 449716, 27.1 mm, north of Sandy Cay, West End, Grand Bahama Island, 15 - 17 m. 25. ANSP 449715, 30.0 mm, Castillo, Duarte, Dominican Republic, 1.2 m. 26. ANSP 449720, 30.6 mm, Little St. James Island, U. S. Virgin Islands, 7.3 m. 27 – 28. ANSP 449719, 20.7 mm, Bimini, Bahamas. 29 – 30. ANSP 449718, 26.7 mm, Little St. James Island, 8.3 m. 31. Hemipolygona carinifera (Lamarck, 1816). Shell erroneously labeled “ Latirus annulatus ” in Melvill-Tomlin Collection; NMWC photo. 32 – 37. Pustulatirus utilaensis new species. 32 – 34. Holotype, ANSP 449739, 29.2 mm, off Sandy Key Reef, Utila, Honduras. 35. Paratype, ANSP 449664, 26.6 mm, southwest coast of Utila. 36 – 37. Paratype, ANSP 449659, 31.6 mm, Roatán." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283573/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Figure 22</figureCitation>
|
||
), dd,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7473929BEAEB5AFBDA" box="[1279,1358,1015,1039]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="km" value="1.6">1.6 km</quantity>
|
||
NE of East Point,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7476779C01EF6AFBE1" box="[282,382,1052,1076]" name="British Virgin Islands" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Anegada</collectingCountry>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7476EB9C01EFD9FBE1" box="[390,461,1052,1076]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
, ANSP 249155; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7475C19C01ED00FBE1" box="[684,788,1052,1076]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.77" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="27.7">27.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC74744C9C01ED93FBE1" box="[801,903,1052,1076]" name="British Virgin Islands" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Anegada</collectingCountry>
|
||
, dd, deep-water fish trap, LC; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7472699C01EB78FBE1" box="[1284,1388,1052,1076]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9899999999999998" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="29.9">29.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7477FA9C22EF00FB82" box="[151,276,1087,1111]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="km" value="1.2" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="0.8">0.8-1.6 km</quantity>
|
||
SSW, SSE and E of the Bluff, Sir Francis Drake Channel, Beef
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7473619C22EA47FB82" box="[1036,1107,1087,1111]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 12 to 14 fm [22.0-
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7472559C22EB84FB8D" box="[1336,1424,1087,1112]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.56" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="25.6">25.6 m</quantity>
|
||
], ANSP 331162; 2, 10.6 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7476B99C79EC39FBA9" box="[468,557,1124,1148]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, Beef
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7475C99C79ECFFFBA9" box="[676,747,1124,1148]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
, LC; 1, 34.0 mm, dd, Beef
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7473449C79EA64FBA9" box="[1065,1136,1124,1148]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
, shallow reef, LC; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7472069C79EED1FB75" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.91" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="29.1">29.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, lv, Buck
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7476589C95EF68FB75" box="[309,380,1160,1184]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7476E59C95EFBAFB75" box="[392,430,1160,1184]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.144" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="ft" value="3.0">3 ft</quantity>
|
||
[
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7476D19C95EC17FB75" box="[444,515,1160,1184]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="0.9">0.9 m</quantity>
|
||
], eel grass (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD226EC7475E49C95ECE2FB75" box="[649,758,1160,1184]" class="Liliopsida" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Thalassia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alismatales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD226EC7475E49C95ECE2FB75" box="[649,758,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Thalassia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), LC; 11, 26.7, 26.6, 24.0, 20.7, 17.7, 17.5, 17.4, 17.0, 15.5, 12.5 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC74766F9CB1EF7EFB11" box="[258,362,1196,1220]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.14" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="11.4">11.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, Fat Hog Bay,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7475289CB1EC8DFB11" box="[581,665,1196,1220]" name="British Virgin Islands" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Tortola</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7475C89CB1ECE4FB11" box="[677,752,1196,1220]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">1–5 m</quantity>
|
||
, in fire coral (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD226EC7474FA9CB1EA13FB11" box="[919,1031,1196,1220]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Milleporidae" genus="Millepora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD226EC7474FA9CB1EA13FB11" box="[919,1031,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Millepora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and eel grass (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD226EC7473AC9CB1EB3AFB11" box="[1217,1326,1196,1220]" class="Liliopsida" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Thalassia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alismatales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD226EC7473AC9CB1EB3AFB11" box="[1217,1326,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Thalassia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), 2/1985, ANSP 449777; 2, 21.9 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7476BA9CCDEC54FB3D" box="[471,576,1232,1256]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.93" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="19.3">19.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, Fat Hog Bay,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7474769CCDED7AFB3D" box="[795,878,1232,1256]" name="British Virgin Islands" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Tortola</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7474119CCDEDB0FB3D" box="[892,932,1232,1256]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4384" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="ft" value="8.0">8 ft</quantity>
|
||
[
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7474D99CCDEDE9FB3D" box="[948,1021,1232,1256]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="2.4">2.4 m</quantity>
|
||
], LC; 3 rolled fragments, dd,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7472389CCDEEF4FAD9" name="British Virgin Islands" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Virgin Gorda</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Usticke Coll., AMNH 181489.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD226EC7475249CEEECD8FAD9" bold="true" box="[585,716,1267,1292]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Anguilla—</emphasis>
|
||
2, 48.5 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7474239CE9EDA0FAD9" box="[846,948,1268,1292]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.06" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="40.6">40.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd?,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7474989CE9EA4EFAD9" box="[1013,1114,1268,1292]" name="Anguilla" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Anguilla</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1988, DLC.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD226EC74739D9CEEEB7DFAD9" bold="true" box="[1264,1385,1267,1292]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC74739D9CEEEB7DFAD9" box="[1264,1385,1267,1292]" name="Sint Martin" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">St. Martin</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—4, 40.6, 37.7, 29.9 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7476179D05EFCBFAE5" box="[378,479,1304,1328]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="22.5">22.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, St. Rose, DLC.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD226EC7475AE9D0AED67FAE5" bold="true" box="[707,883,1303,1328]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7475AE9D0AED67FAE5" box="[707,883,1303,1328]" name="Saint Barthelemy" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">St. Barthelemy</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—6, 31.7, 24.4, 24.3, 22.0, 20.3 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7472669D05EB65FAE5" box="[1291,1393,1304,1328]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.91" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="19.1">19.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, off St. Barts, Leeward Islands, 1970,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD226EC74757C9D20EC3EFA81" box="[529,554,1341,1364]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">ex</emphasis>
|
||
Usticke, ANSP 421134; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC74740D9D21EDD2FA81" box="[864,966,1340,1364]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.28" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="32.8">32.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC74734F9D21EADFFA81" box="[1058,1227,1340,1364]" name="Saint Barthelemy" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">St. Barthelemy</collectingCountry>
|
||
, ANSP 449794; 3, 35.8, 31.0 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7476539D7DEFB1FAAD" box="[318,421,1376,1400]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.79" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="27.9">27.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, lv, 3, 28.3, 26.3 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7475FA9D7DECEAFAAD" box="[663,766,1376,1400]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="24.5">24.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7474599D7DEDC9FAAD" box="[820,989,1376,1400]" name="Saint Barthelemy" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">St. Barthelemy</collectingCountry>
|
||
, DLC; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7473209D7DEAA7FAAD" box="[1101,1203,1376,1400]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.42" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="34.2">34.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, lv, “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7473809D7DEB8CFAAD" box="[1261,1432,1376,1400]" name="Saint Barthelemy" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">St. Barthelemy</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7477FA9D99EF30FA49" box="[151,292,1412,1436]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Guadeloupe</collectingCountry>
|
||
,” Gaudiat, 1977, DLC; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7475229D99ECA2FA49" box="[591,694,1412,1436]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.19" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="31.9">31.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, lv?,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7475999D99ED8AFA49" box="[756,926,1412,1436]" name="Saint Barthelemy" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">St. Barthelemy</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Pointier, 1986, DLC; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7473D39D99EB31FA49" box="[1214,1317,1412,1436]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.36" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="33.6">33.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, lv, off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7472139D99EF0FFA15" name="Saint Barthelemy" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">St. Barthelemy</collectingCountry>
|
||
, trap,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC74760B9DB5EFA6FA15" box="[358,434,1448,1472]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
|
||
, ANSP 449797; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7475F49DB5ED14FA15" box="[665,768,1448,1472]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.26" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="32.6">32.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134BADEBD226EC74747F9DB5EDAFFA15" box="[786,955,1448,1472]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 37" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1582,1605]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,1560]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,161,1561]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 37. New World Pustulatirus species. 1 – 4. Pustulatirus mediamericanus (Hertlein and Strong, 1951). 1 – 3. ANSP 449744, 50.0 mm, off Cebaco Island, Panamá, 36.6 m. 4. Same specimen, protoconch. 5 – 7. Turbinella attenuata Reeve, 1847. Holotype, NHMUK 196735, 31.1 mm, locality unknown. 8 – 11. Latirus virginensis Abbott, 1958. 8 - 9. Holotype, ANSP 196459, 34.2 mm, St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 10 – 11. Paratype, ANSP 34969, 26.6 mm West Indies. 12 – 13. Latirus karinae Nowell- Usticke, 1969. Lectotype, AMNH 198490, 32.7 mm, Puerto Rico. 14 – 30. Pustulatirus virginensis. 14. ANSP 449754, 41.4 mm, Las Galeras, Samana, Dominican Republic. 15. ANSP 449714, 52.7 mm, off St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 16. ANSP 449713, 47.7 mm, St. Thomas. 17. AMNH 191464, 50.5 mm, St. Johns, Antigua. 18. ANSP 449712, 34.7 mm, off Guadeloupe, 30 - 50 m. 19 – 21. ANSP 449717, 32.6 mm, off St. Barthelemy, 100 m. 22. ANSP 249155, 29.4 mm, off East Point, Anegada Island. 23. ANSP 35033, 38.5 mm, shell figured as Latirus elegans (Gray) by Kaicher (1986), locality unknown. 24. ANSP 449716, 27.1 mm, north of Sandy Cay, West End, Grand Bahama Island, 15 - 17 m. 25. ANSP 449715, 30.0 mm, Castillo, Duarte, Dominican Republic, 1.2 m. 26. ANSP 449720, 30.6 mm, Little St. James Island, U. S. Virgin Islands, 7.3 m. 27 – 28. ANSP 449719, 20.7 mm, Bimini, Bahamas. 29 – 30. ANSP 449718, 26.7 mm, Little St. James Island, 8.3 m. 31. Hemipolygona carinifera (Lamarck, 1816). Shell erroneously labeled “ Latirus annulatus ” in Melvill-Tomlin Collection; NMWC photo. 32 – 37. Pustulatirus utilaensis new species. 32 – 34. Holotype, ANSP 449739, 29.2 mm, off Sandy Key Reef, Utila, Honduras. 35. Paratype, ANSP 449664, 26.6 mm, southwest coast of Utila. 36 – 37. Paratype, ANSP 449659, 31.6 mm, Roatán." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283573/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Figures 19–21</figureCitation>
|
||
), lv,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7474959DB5EAB0FA15" box="[1016,1188,1448,1472]" name="Saint Barthelemy" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">St. Barthelemy</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7473DF9DB5EB28FA15" box="[1202,1340,1448,1472]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Guadeloupe</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7472269DB5EB83FA15" box="[1355,1431,1448,1472]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
|
||
, ANSP 449717.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD226EC74763D9DD1EFAEFA31" bold="true" box="[336,442,1484,1508]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC74763D9DD1EFAEFA31" box="[336,442,1484,1508]" name="Antigua and Barbuda" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Barbuda</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—3, 25.2, 23.2 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7475C59DD1ED06FA31" box="[680,786,1484,1508]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2199999999999998" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="22.2">22.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, lv, Cocoa Point,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7474859DD1EA25FA31" box="[1000,1073,1484,1508]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">2-5 m</quantity>
|
||
, LC; 2, 24.8 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC74726A9DD1EB65FA31" box="[1287,1393,1484,1508]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.09" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="20.9">20.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, lv,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7477FA9DEDEEECF9DD" box="[151,248,1520,1544]" name="Antigua and Barbuda" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Barbuda</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7476699DEDEF3EF9DD" box="[260,298,1520,1544]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="ft" value="5.0">5 ft</quantity>
|
||
[
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7476549DEDEF6BF9DD" box="[313,383,1520,1544]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="1.5">1.5 m</quantity>
|
||
], LC.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD226EC7476A89DF2EC31F9DD" bold="true" box="[453,549,1519,1544]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7476A89DF2EC31F9DD" box="[453,549,1519,1544]" name="Antigua and Barbuda" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Antigua</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—34, 40.4, 38.1, 37.2, 34.6, 34.6, 33.3, 32.2, 32.2, 31.5, 31.5, 31.5, 31.2, 30.8, 30.1, 29.9, 29.7, 29.4, 29.2, 28.3, 28.3, 26.5, 25.8, 25.6, 25.1, 24.4, 21.9, 21.1, 20.1, 19.0, 18.4, 16.5, 14.5, 12.0 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7477FA9E25EEEBF985" box="[151,255,1592,1616]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.19" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="11.9">11.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, Maid
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7476EF9E25EFDDF985" box="[386,457,1592,1616]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 6/1961, Usticke Coll., AMNH 191465; 4, 34.0, 27.8, 20.6 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7473D79E25EB30F985" box="[1210,1316,1592,1616]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.41" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="14.1">14.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, Maid
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7477FA9E41EECAF9A1" box="[151,222,1628,1652]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD226EC7477879E40EF17F9A1" box="[234,259,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">ex</emphasis>
|
||
Usticke, McGinty Coll., UF 135671; 16, 50.5 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134BADEBD226EC7474709E41ED9AF9A1" box="[797,910,1628,1652]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 37" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1582,1605]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,1560]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,161,1561]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 37. New World Pustulatirus species. 1 – 4. Pustulatirus mediamericanus (Hertlein and Strong, 1951). 1 – 3. ANSP 449744, 50.0 mm, off Cebaco Island, Panamá, 36.6 m. 4. Same specimen, protoconch. 5 – 7. Turbinella attenuata Reeve, 1847. Holotype, NHMUK 196735, 31.1 mm, locality unknown. 8 – 11. Latirus virginensis Abbott, 1958. 8 - 9. Holotype, ANSP 196459, 34.2 mm, St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 10 – 11. Paratype, ANSP 34969, 26.6 mm West Indies. 12 – 13. Latirus karinae Nowell- Usticke, 1969. Lectotype, AMNH 198490, 32.7 mm, Puerto Rico. 14 – 30. Pustulatirus virginensis. 14. ANSP 449754, 41.4 mm, Las Galeras, Samana, Dominican Republic. 15. ANSP 449714, 52.7 mm, off St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 16. ANSP 449713, 47.7 mm, St. Thomas. 17. AMNH 191464, 50.5 mm, St. Johns, Antigua. 18. ANSP 449712, 34.7 mm, off Guadeloupe, 30 - 50 m. 19 – 21. ANSP 449717, 32.6 mm, off St. Barthelemy, 100 m. 22. ANSP 249155, 29.4 mm, off East Point, Anegada Island. 23. ANSP 35033, 38.5 mm, shell figured as Latirus elegans (Gray) by Kaicher (1986), locality unknown. 24. ANSP 449716, 27.1 mm, north of Sandy Cay, West End, Grand Bahama Island, 15 - 17 m. 25. ANSP 449715, 30.0 mm, Castillo, Duarte, Dominican Republic, 1.2 m. 26. ANSP 449720, 30.6 mm, Little St. James Island, U. S. Virgin Islands, 7.3 m. 27 – 28. ANSP 449719, 20.7 mm, Bimini, Bahamas. 29 – 30. ANSP 449718, 26.7 mm, Little St. James Island, 8.3 m. 31. Hemipolygona carinifera (Lamarck, 1816). Shell erroneously labeled “ Latirus annulatus ” in Melvill-Tomlin Collection; NMWC photo. 32 – 37. Pustulatirus utilaensis new species. 32 – 34. Holotype, ANSP 449739, 29.2 mm, off Sandy Key Reef, Utila, Honduras. 35. Paratype, ANSP 449664, 26.6 mm, southwest coast of Utila. 36 – 37. Paratype, ANSP 449659, 31.6 mm, Roatán." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283573/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Figure 17</figureCitation>
|
||
), 47.9, 43.8, 38.0, 36.2, 35.6, 33.5, 32.7, 25.8, 25.7, 25.3, 22.4, 22.3, 19.9, 18.9 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC74752D9E9DECB3F94D" box="[576,679,1664,1688]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.73" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="17.3">17.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, St. Johns, Usticke Coll., AMNH 191464; 10, 41.6, 33.3, 29.4, 28.5, 28.2, 25.8, 25.5, 25.3, 21.8 and 20.1, dd, St. Johns, 11/1967, Usticke Coll., AMNH 191466; 6, 51.4, 44.8, 43.9, 38.3, 35.3 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7476E19ED5EFE2F935" box="[396,502,1736,1760]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.03" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="30.3">30.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, St. Johns, Usticke Coll., AMNH 191467; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7473529ED5EABDF935" box="[1087,1193,1736,1760]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.63" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="26.3">26.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC74738A9ED5EB50F935" box="[1255,1348,1736,1760]" name="Antigua and Barbuda" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Antigua</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Lesser Antilles, “
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD226EC7476679EF1EF79F8D1" box="[266,365,1772,1796]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
[of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD226EC7476CC9EF0EC0FF8D1" box="[417,539,1773,1796]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD226EC7476CC9EF0EC0FF8D1" box="[417,539,1773,1796]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
],” ANSP
|
||
<date id="FFCE97AED226EC7475FE9EF1ECFFF8D1" box="[659,747,1772,1796]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" value="40-07-21">210740</date>
|
||
; 5, 42.3, 38.3, 35.1, 33.2 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7473249EF1EAA5F8D1" box="[1097,1201,1772,1796]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.29" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="22.9">22.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7473819EF1EB52F8D1" box="[1260,1350,1772,1796]" name="Antigua and Barbuda" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Antigua</collectingCountry>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC74723D9EF1EB83F8D1" box="[1360,1431,1772,1796]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1979, ANSP 449768; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7476DB9F0DEC0BF8FD" box="[438,543,1808,1832]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.12" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="21.2">21.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7475369F0DECA1F8FD" box="[603,693,1808,1832]" name="Antigua and Barbuda" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Antigua</collectingCountry>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7475D29F0DED12F8FD" box="[703,774,1808,1832]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD226EC7474799F0CED38F8FD" box="[788,812,1809,1832]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">ex</emphasis>
|
||
Usticke, Warmke Coll., UF 162195; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC74726C9F0DEB7EF8FD" box="[1281,1386,1808,1832]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.73" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="27.3">27.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7477FA9F29EEE5F899" box="[151,241,1844,1868]" name="Antigua and Barbuda" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Antigua</collectingCountry>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7477979F29EF55F899" box="[250,321,1844,1868]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD226EC7476239F28EF73F899" box="[334,359,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">ex</emphasis>
|
||
Usticke, UF 162198; 4, 39.2, 39.1, 35.8 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC74741E9F29EDCFF899" box="[883,987,1844,1868]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.04" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="30.4">30.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7473539F29EA8FF899" box="[1086,1179,1844,1868]" name="Antigua and Barbuda" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Antigua</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1993, ANSP 449792.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD226EC7477FA9F4AEF3CF8A5" bold="true" box="[151,296,1879,1904]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7477FA9F4AEF3CF8A5" box="[151,296,1879,1904]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Guadeloupe</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—4, 31.8, 27,2, 26.7 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC74752F9F45ECB3F8A5" box="[578,679,1880,1904]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.98" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="19.8">19.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, 2, 17.0 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7474319F45EDD5F8A5" box="[860,961,1880,1904]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1099999999999999" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="11.1">11.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, lv, Deshaies, Pointier, 1983, DLC; 2, 33.7 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7477A59F61EF3BF841" box="[200,303,1916,1940]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="24.5">24.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, lv, Deshaies,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7476B99F61EC04F841" box="[468,528,1916,1940]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="18.0">18 m</quantity>
|
||
, DLC; 2, 38.3 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7475809F61ED41F841" box="[749,853,1916,1940]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.18" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="31.8">31.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, Pointe Plate, Pointier, 1982, DLC; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7472619F61EB60F841" box="[1292,1396,1916,1940]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.28" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="32.8">32.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, lv, Port Louis,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7476749FBDEF40F86D" box="[281,340,1952,1976]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
|
||
, DLC; 2, 34.7 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134BADEBD226EC74756D9FBDEC7BF86D" box="[512,623,1952,1976]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 37" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1582,1605]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,1560]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,161,1561]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 37. New World Pustulatirus species. 1 – 4. Pustulatirus mediamericanus (Hertlein and Strong, 1951). 1 – 3. ANSP 449744, 50.0 mm, off Cebaco Island, Panamá, 36.6 m. 4. Same specimen, protoconch. 5 – 7. Turbinella attenuata Reeve, 1847. Holotype, NHMUK 196735, 31.1 mm, locality unknown. 8 – 11. Latirus virginensis Abbott, 1958. 8 - 9. Holotype, ANSP 196459, 34.2 mm, St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 10 – 11. Paratype, ANSP 34969, 26.6 mm West Indies. 12 – 13. Latirus karinae Nowell- Usticke, 1969. Lectotype, AMNH 198490, 32.7 mm, Puerto Rico. 14 – 30. Pustulatirus virginensis. 14. ANSP 449754, 41.4 mm, Las Galeras, Samana, Dominican Republic. 15. ANSP 449714, 52.7 mm, off St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 16. ANSP 449713, 47.7 mm, St. Thomas. 17. AMNH 191464, 50.5 mm, St. Johns, Antigua. 18. ANSP 449712, 34.7 mm, off Guadeloupe, 30 - 50 m. 19 – 21. ANSP 449717, 32.6 mm, off St. Barthelemy, 100 m. 22. ANSP 249155, 29.4 mm, off East Point, Anegada Island. 23. ANSP 35033, 38.5 mm, shell figured as Latirus elegans (Gray) by Kaicher (1986), locality unknown. 24. ANSP 449716, 27.1 mm, north of Sandy Cay, West End, Grand Bahama Island, 15 - 17 m. 25. ANSP 449715, 30.0 mm, Castillo, Duarte, Dominican Republic, 1.2 m. 26. ANSP 449720, 30.6 mm, Little St. James Island, U. S. Virgin Islands, 7.3 m. 27 – 28. ANSP 449719, 20.7 mm, Bimini, Bahamas. 29 – 30. ANSP 449718, 26.7 mm, Little St. James Island, 8.3 m. 31. Hemipolygona carinifera (Lamarck, 1816). Shell erroneously labeled “ Latirus annulatus ” in Melvill-Tomlin Collection; NMWC photo. 32 – 37. Pustulatirus utilaensis new species. 32 – 34. Holotype, ANSP 449739, 29.2 mm, off Sandy Key Reef, Utila, Honduras. 35. Paratype, ANSP 449664, 26.6 mm, southwest coast of Utila. 36 – 37. Paratype, ANSP 449659, 31.6 mm, Roatán." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283573/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Figure 18</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7475C09FBDED06F86D" box="[685,786,1952,1976]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.03" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="30.3">30.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC74742A9FBDEDC5F86D" box="[839,977,1952,1976]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Guadeloupe</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7474B19FBDEA28F86D" box="[988,1084,1952,1976]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="40.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="30.0">30-50 m</quantity>
|
||
, ANSP 449712.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD226EC74739A9F82EB94F86D" bold="true" box="[1271,1408,1951,1976]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC74739A9F82EB94F86D" box="[1271,1408,1951,1976]" name="Martinique" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Martinique</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
— 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7477D99FD9EF0EF809" box="[180,282,1988,2012]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.18" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="31.8">31.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, Anse Mitan,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD226EC7476D49FD8EFC5F809" box="[441,465,1989,2012]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">ex</emphasis>
|
||
J. Holeman via McGinty, UF 135676.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD226EC7474E19FDEEDE1F809" bold="true" box="[908,1013,1987,2012]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC7474E19FDEEDE1F809" box="[908,1013,1987,2012]" name="Saint Lucia" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">St. Lucia</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—2, 37.2 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD226EC7473F49FD9EAEBF809" box="[1177,1279,1988,2012]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.71" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="37.1">37.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED226EC74725B9FD9EB88F809" box="[1334,1436,1988,2012]" name="Saint Lucia" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">St. Lucia</collectingCountry>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED225EC7777FA988AEECAFF7A" box="[151,222,151,175]" name="Iceland" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7777849884EF16FF65" box="[233,258,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">ex</emphasis>
|
||
C. W. Sheafer via McGinty, UF 135672.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7775B99885EDF1FF65" bold="true" box="[724,997,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED225EC7775B99885ED72FF65" box="[724,870,152,176]" name="Netherlands" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Netherlands</collectingCountry>
|
||
Antilles—
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD225EC77736C988AEA73FF7A" box="[1025,1127,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.34" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="23.4">23.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, Malmok,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED225EC777267988AEB47FF7A" box="[1290,1363,151,175]" name="Aruba" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Aruba</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7772309884EB61FF65" box="[1373,1397,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">ex</emphasis>
|
||
Fr. Fredricus, AMNH 245863; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD225EC77769F98A1EC4FFF01" box="[498,603,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3899999999999997" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="23.9">23.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, Malmok,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED225EC77746E98A1ED58FF01" box="[771,844,188,212]" name="Aruba" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Aruba</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC77743798A0ED66FF01" box="[858,882,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">ex</emphasis>
|
||
M. Koolman, AMNH 245864; 2, 28.2 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD225EC77720698A1EED1FF22" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.53" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="25.3">25.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, Malmok,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED225EC77760598C2EFA5FF22" box="[360,433,223,247]" name="Aruba" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Aruba</collectingCountry>
|
||
, “de Jong & Bijur,”
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7775F598FCECA5FF2D" box="[664,689,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">ex</emphasis>
|
||
Jerome M. Bijur Coll., AMNH 245865.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC77731398FDEAEBFF2D" bold="true" box="[1150,1279,223,248]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">No locality</emphasis>
|
||
– 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD225EC77725598C2EB88FF22" box="[1336,1436,223,247]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.85" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="38.5">38.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134BADEBD225EC7777F39919EF05FEC9" box="[158,273,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 37" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1582,1605]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,1560]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,161,1561]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 37. New World Pustulatirus species. 1 – 4. Pustulatirus mediamericanus (Hertlein and Strong, 1951). 1 – 3. ANSP 449744, 50.0 mm, off Cebaco Island, Panamá, 36.6 m. 4. Same specimen, protoconch. 5 – 7. Turbinella attenuata Reeve, 1847. Holotype, NHMUK 196735, 31.1 mm, locality unknown. 8 – 11. Latirus virginensis Abbott, 1958. 8 - 9. Holotype, ANSP 196459, 34.2 mm, St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 10 – 11. Paratype, ANSP 34969, 26.6 mm West Indies. 12 – 13. Latirus karinae Nowell- Usticke, 1969. Lectotype, AMNH 198490, 32.7 mm, Puerto Rico. 14 – 30. Pustulatirus virginensis. 14. ANSP 449754, 41.4 mm, Las Galeras, Samana, Dominican Republic. 15. ANSP 449714, 52.7 mm, off St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 16. ANSP 449713, 47.7 mm, St. Thomas. 17. AMNH 191464, 50.5 mm, St. Johns, Antigua. 18. ANSP 449712, 34.7 mm, off Guadeloupe, 30 - 50 m. 19 – 21. ANSP 449717, 32.6 mm, off St. Barthelemy, 100 m. 22. ANSP 249155, 29.4 mm, off East Point, Anegada Island. 23. ANSP 35033, 38.5 mm, shell figured as Latirus elegans (Gray) by Kaicher (1986), locality unknown. 24. ANSP 449716, 27.1 mm, north of Sandy Cay, West End, Grand Bahama Island, 15 - 17 m. 25. ANSP 449715, 30.0 mm, Castillo, Duarte, Dominican Republic, 1.2 m. 26. ANSP 449720, 30.6 mm, Little St. James Island, U. S. Virgin Islands, 7.3 m. 27 – 28. ANSP 449719, 20.7 mm, Bimini, Bahamas. 29 – 30. ANSP 449718, 26.7 mm, Little St. James Island, 8.3 m. 31. Hemipolygona carinifera (Lamarck, 1816). Shell erroneously labeled “ Latirus annulatus ” in Melvill-Tomlin Collection; NMWC photo. 32 – 37. Pustulatirus utilaensis new species. 32 – 34. Holotype, ANSP 449739, 29.2 mm, off Sandy Key Reef, Utila, Honduras. 35. Paratype, ANSP 449664, 26.6 mm, southwest coast of Utila. 36 – 37. Paratype, ANSP 449659, 31.6 mm, Roatán." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283573/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Figure 23</figureCitation>
|
||
), dd,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC77763E9918EF78FEC9" box="[339,364,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">ex</emphasis>
|
||
J. S. Phillips, ANSP 35033 (figured as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC77745A9918EA2EFEC9" authority="Gray" authorityName="Gray" box="[823,1082,260,284]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC77745A9918EDF3FEC9" box="[823,999,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Latirus elegans</emphasis>
|
||
(Gray)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by Kaicher, 1986a, card 4671, right fig.); 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD225EC777642993AEF82FEEA" box="[303,406,295,319]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.48" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="24.8">24.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7776A09934EFF2FE95" box="[461,486,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">ex</emphasis>
|
||
Warmke, incorrectly marked as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD225EC77743B9935EDADFE95" box="[854,953,296,320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
, UF 162199; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD225EC77731C993AEACCFEEA" box="[1137,1240,295,319]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.06" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="30.6">30.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, lv, DLC; 1,
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD225EC777206993AEED1FEB1" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.91" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="39.1">39.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, dd, LC.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36AE2E5D225EC7777AA9972ECEBFDEF" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED225EC7777AA9972ECEBFDEF" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7777AA9972EF4DFE5D" bold="true" box="[199,345,367,392]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
: This species, the best known of western Atlantic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7774C1996DEA21FE5D" box="[940,1077,368,392]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7774C1996DEA21FE5D" box="[940,1077,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Pustulatirus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ranges throughout the eastern Caribbean region from the northernmost
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED225EC77750F998EECA9FE7E" box="[610,701,403,427]" name="Bahamas" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Bahama</collectingCountry>
|
||
Islands to the Greater Antilles, the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED225EC777321998EEAF8FE7E" box="[1100,1260,403,427]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and southward to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED225EC7777DB99AAEF07FE1A" box="[182,275,439,463]" name="Antigua and Barbuda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Antigua</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED225EC77764C99AAEFBFFE1A" box="[289,427,439,463]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Guadeloupe</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED225EC7776D599AAEC23FE1A" box="[440,567,439,463]" name="Martinique" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Martinique</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED225EC77752899AAECBBFE1A" box="[581,687,439,463]" name="Saint Lucia" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">St. Lucia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED225EC77758399AAED20FE1A" box="[750,820,439,463]" name="Aruba" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Aruba</collectingCountry>
|
||
in the southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED225EC77749E99AAEACBFE1A" box="[1011,1247,439,463]" name="Curaçao" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Netherlands Antilles</collectingCountry>
|
||
; there is also an unverified record from Quintana Roo,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED225EC77753F99C6ECBEFE26" box="[594,682,475,499]" name="Mexico" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">México</collectingCountry>
|
||
, in the northwestern Caribbean (Ekdale 1974). Most records with stated depths are from beaches or the shallow subtidal zone (
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD225EC77742C99E2ED8CFDC2" box="[833,920,511,535]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="15.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="1.0">1–30 m</quantity>
|
||
) but one lot from off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED225EC7773E199E2EB07FDC2" box="[1164,1299,511,535]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Guadeloupe</collectingCountry>
|
||
is from
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD225EC77721F99E2EEC4FDEF" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="40.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="30.0">30– 50 m</quantity>
|
||
and two from off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED225EC7776F69A3FEC56FDEF" box="[411,578,546,570]" name="Saint Barthelemy" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">St. Barthelemy</collectingCountry>
|
||
are from
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D767AE7D225EC7775DC9A3FECEBFDEF" box="[689,767,546,570]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD225EC7775DC9A3FECEEFDEF" box="[689,762,546,570]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36AE2E5D225EC7977AA9A5BEC99FBC5" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED225EC7777AA9A5BEB06FD38" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7777AA9A5BEF20FD8B" bold="true" box="[199,308,582,606]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
: Morphology of individual shells may vary greatly, even among specimens from a single location. Some forms are so different morphologically that it is difficult to believe they represent the same species, but the forms invariably blend into others, rendering it difficult to determine where one ends and another begins. With the large number of specimens we examined from throughout the range, we conclude that the various forms represent a single variable species. We hope this conclusion may be tested in the future using genetic information.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED225EC7777AA9AE4EFB3FAA5" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
|
||
The name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7776509AE7ECBAFCC4" authority="Abbott, 1958" authorityName="Abbott" authorityYear="1958" box="[317,686,761,785]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7776509AE7EC04FCC4" box="[317,528,762,785]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Latirus virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
Abbott, 1958
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, has been used most often for these shells, but several other names have been associated with the group, including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7775D99B00EA18FCE1" authority="Roding, 1798" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" box="[692,1036,796,821]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Syrinx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7775D99B00ED7CFCE0" box="[692,872,797,821]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Syrinx annulata</emphasis>
|
||
Röding, 1798
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7773749B00EB8CFCE1" authority="Reeve, 1847" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1847" box="[1049,1432,796,821]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Turbinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7773749B00EB14FCE0" box="[1049,1280,797,821]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Turbinella attenuata</emphasis>
|
||
Reeve, 1847
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7777FA9B5CEC09FC8D" authority="A. Adams" authorityName="A. Adams" box="[151,541,832,856]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Peristernia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7777FA9B5CEF94FC8D" box="[151,384,832,856]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Peristernia annulata</emphasis>
|
||
“(A. Adams)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” Melvill, 1891, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC77746A9B5CEAADFC8D" authority="Nowell-Usticke, 1969" authorityName="Nowell-Usticke" authorityYear="1969" box="[775,1209,832,856]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="karinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC77746A9B5CEDA1FC8D" box="[775,949,832,856]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Latirus karinae</emphasis>
|
||
Nowell-Usticke, 1969
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Most pieces of this taxonomic puzzle were examined by Bullock (1968), who recognized a species-group that included
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7772269B78EFDEFC4A" authority="Reeve, 1847" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1847" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7772269B78EF18FC75" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Latirus attenuatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Reeve, 1847)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC77768C9B94ED50FC4A" authority="Melvill, 1891" authorityName="Melvill" authorityYear="1891" box="[481,836,903,928]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC77768C9B94EC6DFC75" box="[481,633,904,928]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">L. annulatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Melvill, 1891)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7774F89B94EAF8FC4A" authority="Abbott, 1958" authorityName="Abbott" authorityYear="1958" box="[917,1260,903,928]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7774F89B94EA2CFC75" box="[917,1080,905,928]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">L. virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
Abbott, 1958
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, all occurring sympatrically in the West Indies. Bullock (1968) noted a “tremendous amount” of morphological variation among shells in these groups and also noted many intergrades that left relationships among the species unclear. Bullock proposed (in thesis) but did not formally introduce a new subgeneric name for the group, with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7773DD9BEEEB81FBDE" box="[1200,1429,1011,1035]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Turbinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7773DD9BEEEB81FBDE" box="[1200,1429,1011,1035]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Turbinella attenuata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a species we already discussed, as its
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD225EC7775539C05EC7AFBE5" box="[574,622,1048,1072]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species. Bullock cited the range of what he called
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7773C49C05EB2FFBFA" box="[1193,1339,1048,1071]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7773C49C05EB2FFBFA" box="[1193,1339,1048,1071]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">L. attenuatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED225EC77720C9C0AEB88FBFA" box="[1377,1436,1047,1071]" name="Cuba" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
to the Lesser Antilles, reported records from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED225EC7775F79C27ECCCFB87" box="[666,728,1082,1106]" name="Cuba" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED225EC7775889C27ED98FB87" box="[741,908,1082,1106]" name="Dominican Republic" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">the Dominican</collectingCountry>
|
||
Republic,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED225EC7773649C26EA87FB87" box="[1033,1171,1082,1106]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and St. Thomas,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED225EC77720C9C26EB8FFB87" box="[1377,1435,1082,1106]" name="United States of America" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">U. S.</collectingCountry>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED225EC7777FA9C43EF2DFBA3" box="[151,313,1118,1142]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and figured specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED225EC7775FD9C43ED23FBA3" box="[656,823,1118,1142]" name="Dominican Republic" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">the Dominican</collectingCountry>
|
||
Republic,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED225EC7774DB9C42EA54FBA3" box="[950,1088,1118,1142]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and St. Thomas, but we have seen no material from any of those locations that conforms to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD225EC7774FD9C9EEDD4FB4E" box="[912,960,1155,1179]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7774879C9EEA68FB4F" box="[1002,1148,1155,1178]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7774879C9EEA68FB4F" box="[1002,1148,1155,1178]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">P. attenuatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Bullock (1968: 69) also cited
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7777B99CBAEC66FB6B" authority="Melvill and Schepman" authorityName="Melvill and Schepman" box="[212,626,1190,1214]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7777B99CBAEF4AFB6B" box="[212,350,1191,1214]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Latirus eppi</emphasis>
|
||
“Melvill and Schepman
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” as a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7774E19CBAEA0BFB6B" box="[908,1055,1191,1214]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7774E19CBAEA0BFB6B" box="[908,1055,1191,1214]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">L. attenuatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, characterizing the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD225EC7773909CBBEB4BFB6B" box="[1277,1375,1190,1214]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7772E89CBAEEDCFB34" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7772E89CBAEEDCFB34" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">L. eppi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a squat specimen quite unlike the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD225EC77750B9CD4ECDCFB34" box="[614,712,1225,1249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7775819CD7ED6AFB34" box="[748,894,1226,1249]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7775819CD7ED6AFB34" box="[748,894,1226,1249]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">L. attenuatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but noting that “a series of intergrades appear to exist between the two forms.” He concluded that further study may distinguish them as separate species. We provide an account for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7776C79D0CEC7AFAFC" box="[426,622,1297,1321]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7776C79D0CEC7AFAFC" box="[426,622,1297,1321]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Pustulatirus eppi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a separate species-level taxon, but we consider shells assigned by Bullock to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7776749D2BEFBAFA98" box="[281,430,1334,1357]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7776749D2BEFBAFA98" box="[281,430,1334,1357]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">L. attenuatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(except its
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD225EC7775549D29EC8FFA99" box="[569,667,1332,1356]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD225EC7774699D29ED72FA99" box="[772,870,1332,1356]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7774FC9D2BEDF6FA98" box="[913,994,1334,1357]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7774FC9D2BEDF6FA98" box="[913,994,1334,1357]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">L. eppi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) to be more appropriately assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7777FA9D45EFB5FAA5" box="[151,417,1368,1392]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7777FA9D45EFB5FAA5" box="[151,417,1368,1392]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Pustulatirus virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED225EC7777AA9D61EC38F805" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
|
||
The name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7776249D60EC9CFA41" authority="Melvill" authorityName="Melvill" box="[329,648,1404,1428]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7776249D60EC01FA41" box="[329,533,1404,1428]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Latirus annulatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Melvill)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
traces to a shell figured by Chemnitz (1780: pl. 141, fig. 1316). Chemnitz (1780) grouped the figure with several others (pl. 140, figs.
|
||
<date id="FFCE97AED225EC7774BF9D82EA47FA62" box="[978,1107,1439,1463]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" value="1306" valueMax="1309">1306–1309</date>
|
||
; pl. 141,
|
||
<date id="FFCE97AED225EC7773A89D82EB53FA62" box="[1221,1351,1439,1463]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" value="1314" valueMax="1316">1314–1316</date>
|
||
), all of which he associated with a (non-binominal) species-group. Gmelin (1791) later assigned all of the Chemnitz figures (and some by other authors) to his new species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7774769DF5EDF4FA2A" box="[795,992,1511,1535]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="polygonus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7774769DF5EDF4FA2A" box="[795,992,1511,1535]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Murex polygonus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. [For several decades thereafter, some authors (e.g., Bosc 1802, Dillwyn 1817, Wood 1818, Lamarck 1822, Anton 1838) indiscriminately repeated all of the Chemnitz figures that Gmelin had cited for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7775C89E32ED0CF992" box="[677,792,1583,1607]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="polygonus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7775C89E32ED0CF992" box="[677,792,1583,1607]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">polygonus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but those citations are not germane here.] Röding (1798) reallocated the Chemnitz figures cited by Gmelin as follows: (1)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7774EA9E49EA6BF9BF" authority="Gmelin" authorityName="Gmelin" box="[903,1151,1618,1643]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="polygonus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7774EA9E49EA35F9BE" box="[903,1057,1619,1643]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">M. polygonus</emphasis>
|
||
Gmelin
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was restricted to figures
|
||
<date id="FFCE97AED225EC7777FA9E6BEF54F95B" box="[151,320,1654,1678]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" value="1306" valueMax="1307">1306 and 1307</date>
|
||
and reclassified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC77754F9E6AECF5F95B" box="[546,737,1654,1678]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pisaniidae" genus="Fusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="polygonus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC77754F9E6AECF5F95B" box="[546,737,1654,1678]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Fusus polygonus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—now known as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7774C79E6AEA63F95B" box="[938,1143,1654,1678]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="polygonus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7774C79E6AEA63F95B" box="[938,1143,1654,1678]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Latirus polygonus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the Indo-West Pacific; (2) figures
|
||
<date id="FFCE97AED225EC7776769E87EFDDF967" box="[283,457,1690,1714]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" value="1308" valueMax="1309">1308 and 1309</date>
|
||
were reassigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7775DA9E86EA41F967" authority="Roding, 1798" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" box="[695,1109,1690,1714]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Fusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tapetepersicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7775DA9E86EDBBF967" box="[695,943,1691,1714]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Fusus tapetepersicum</emphasis>
|
||
Röding, 1798
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—now a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7777FA9EA2EC1BF903" authority="Gmelin, 1791" authorityName="Gmelin" authorityYear="1791" box="[151,527,1726,1750]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gibbulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7777FA9EA2EF47F903" box="[151,339,1726,1750]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Latirus gibbulus</emphasis>
|
||
(Gmelin, 1791)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, another Indo-West Pacific species and the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD225EC7773679EA2EA2EF902" box="[1034,1082,1727,1751]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7773AC9EA2EB06F903" box="[1217,1298,1727,1750]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7773AC9EA2EB06F903" box="[1217,1298,1727,1750]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Latirus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (3) figures
|
||
<date id="FFCE97AED225EC7777FA9EFCEF2AF92C" box="[151,318,1761,1785]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" value="1314" valueMax="1315">1314 and 1315</date>
|
||
were reassigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7775739EFFED61F92C" authority="Roding, 1798" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" box="[542,885,1761,1785]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Fusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="angulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7775739EFFECC2F92C" box="[542,726,1761,1785]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Fusus angulatus</emphasis>
|
||
Röding, 1798
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—now
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7774A79EFCEB40F92C" authority="Roding, 1798" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" box="[970,1364,1761,1785]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Polygona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="angulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7774A79EFCEAB5F92C" box="[970,1185,1761,1785]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Polygona angulata</emphasis>
|
||
(Röding, 1798)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the southern Caribbean region; and (4) Chemnitz figure 1316 was reassigned both to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7773539F1BEB8CF8C8" authority="Roding, 1798" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" box="[1086,1432,1797,1821]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Syrinx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7773539F1BEAE6F8C8" box="[1086,1266,1797,1821]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Syrinx annulata</emphasis>
|
||
Röding, 1798
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7777859F37EC5CF894" authority="Roding, 1798" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" box="[232,584,1833,1857]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Syrinx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="clathrata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7777859F37EFB5F894" box="[232,417,1833,1857]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Syrinx clathrata</emphasis>
|
||
Röding, 1798
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Link (1807) reclassified
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC77741F9F37EDE0F894" box="[882,1012,1833,1857]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Syrinx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC77741F9F37EDE0F894" box="[882,1012,1833,1857]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">S. annulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7773729F37EB07F894" box="[1055,1299,1833,1857]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ranellidae" genus="Cymatium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7773729F37EB07F894" box="[1055,1299,1833,1857]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Cymatium annulatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but did not mention
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7777909F50EF96F8B0" box="[253,386,1869,1893]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Syrinx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="clathrata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7777909F50EF96F8B0" box="[253,386,1869,1893]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">S. clathrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Lacking other criteria by which to differentiate them, the two Röding names are primary subjective synonyms. Regardless of which name is preferred (one may argue that Link, 1807 preferred
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7772459F6DEB98F85D" box="[1320,1420,1904,1928]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Syrinx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7772459F6DEB98F85D" box="[1320,1420,1904,1928]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">annulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), we believe that Chemnitz figure 1316 is too poor to allow confident identification to species level, and both names should be considered
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7776E79FA4EC31F805" box="[394,549,1976,2000]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">nomina dubia</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED225EC7777AA9FC6EB88F821" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2036]" box="[199,1436,2011,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
|
||
Mørch (1852) first listed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD225EC7776869FC1ED00F826" authority="Bolt." authorityName="Bolt." box="[491,788,2011,2036]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lathyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Fabales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="annulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD225EC7776869FC1ECD2F821" box="[491,710,2012,2036]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Lathyrus annulatus</emphasis>
|
||
“Bolt.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” (i.e., Röding) among the West Indian fauna; H. and A.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED224EC7677FA988AEA83FEB1" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">
|
||
Adams (1853) listed the name as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7675629884ED29FF7A" authority="Bolten" authorityName="Bolten" box="[527,829,151,176]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7675629884ECC1FF65" box="[527,725,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Latirus annulatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Bolten)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and Krebs (1864) listed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7673359885EB88FF7A" authority="Bolten" authorityName="Bolten" box="[1112,1436,151,176]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Turbinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7673359885EB2CFF65" box="[1112,1336,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Turbinella annulata</emphasis>
|
||
(Bolten)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
among West Indian shells. Finally,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC76754998A0ED66FF01" authority="Bolten" authorityName="Bolten" box="[548,882,188,212]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Peristernia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC76754998A0ED1AFF01" box="[548,782,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Peristernia annulata</emphasis>
|
||
(Bolten)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was listed by Melvill (1891b: 407) but refigured as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7677DB98FCEC1CFF22" authority="(A. Ad.)" baseAuthorityName="A. Ad." box="[182,520,223,248]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Peristernia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7677DB98FCEFB4FF2D" box="[182,416,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Peristernia annulata</emphasis>
|
||
(A. Ad.)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by Melvill (1891b: 411, fig. 1). Bullock (1968: 65) contended that Chemnitz pl. 141, fig. 1316, the only figure cited by Röding for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7675909918EDA0FEC9" box="[765,948,260,284]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinellidae" genus="Syrinx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7675909918EDA0FEC9" box="[765,948,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Syrinx annulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, “could certainly be a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7673A59918EB0DFEC9" box="[1224,1305,261,284]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7673A59918EB0DFEC9" box="[1224,1305,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Latirus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, [but] it is impossible to determine the species as the illustration is poor and the aperture is not shown. Therefore, Röding's name should be considered a
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC76768C9950EC93FEB1" box="[481,647,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">nomen dubium</emphasis>
|
||
and the [name]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7674509951EDB8FEB1" box="[829,940,332,356]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7674509951EDB8FEB1" box="[829,940,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">annulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
credited to Melvill.”
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED224EC7677AA9972EA2DFCE2" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">
|
||
Melvill (1891b) referred authorship for the name with his figured shell not to Bolten (Röding) but to Arthur Adams. According to Trew (1992), the only species that Adams named
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7674DE9989EA35FE79" box="[947,1057,404,428]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7674DE9989EA35FE79" box="[947,1057,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">annulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, -
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7673559988EA52FE79" box="[1080,1094,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">a</emphasis>
|
||
, -
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7673309988EA6BFE79" box="[1117,1151,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">um</emphasis>
|
||
were in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7673B39989EB79FE79" box="[1246,1389,404,428]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fissurellidae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Fissurellidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7677FA99AAEF50FE1A" box="[151,324,439,463]" class="Gastropoda" family="Pyramidellidae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Pyramidellidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, families unlikely to be confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC76759699AAED88FE1A" box="[763,924,439,463]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Fasciolariidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, if Melvill’s reference to Adams as author was in error, publication by Melvill of the unused combination
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7674C299C0EA83FE21" box="[943,1175,476,500]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Peristernia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7674C299C0EA83FE21" box="[943,1175,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Peristernia annulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the accompanying new figure constituted valid introduction of a name. Thus, the binomen
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7674BE9A1CEAAAFDCD" box="[979,1214,512,536]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Peristernia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7674BE9A1CEAAAFDCD" box="[979,1214,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Peristernia annulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
“(A. Ad.)” Melvill (1891b) seems to be available for taxonomic purposes; it only remains to prove what that name represents. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD224EC7677FA9A55EED3FDB5" box="[151,199,584,608]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen must be the shell that Melvill figured, but the location of that specimen is unknown and its identity could not be confirmed. Trew (1990) reported a specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC76740F9A71EDC5FD51" box="[866,977,620,644]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC76740F9A71EDC5FD51" box="[866,977,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">annulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Melvill-Tomlin Collection at the National Museum of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED224EC7676E99A92EFDFFD72" box="[388,459,655,679]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Wales</collectingCountry>
|
||
. At our request, museum staff photographed that specimen, which proves to be a young
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7677FA9AA9EC95FD19" authority="Lamarck, 1816" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1816" box="[151,641,692,716]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Hemipolygona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="carinifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7677FA9AA9EFA2FD19" box="[151,438,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Hemipolygona carinifera</emphasis>
|
||
(Lamarck, 1816)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134BADEBD224EC7675FE9AA9ED11FD19" box="[659,773,692,716]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 37" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1582,1605]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,1560]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,161,1561]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 37. New World Pustulatirus species. 1 – 4. Pustulatirus mediamericanus (Hertlein and Strong, 1951). 1 – 3. ANSP 449744, 50.0 mm, off Cebaco Island, Panamá, 36.6 m. 4. Same specimen, protoconch. 5 – 7. Turbinella attenuata Reeve, 1847. Holotype, NHMUK 196735, 31.1 mm, locality unknown. 8 – 11. Latirus virginensis Abbott, 1958. 8 - 9. Holotype, ANSP 196459, 34.2 mm, St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 10 – 11. Paratype, ANSP 34969, 26.6 mm West Indies. 12 – 13. Latirus karinae Nowell- Usticke, 1969. Lectotype, AMNH 198490, 32.7 mm, Puerto Rico. 14 – 30. Pustulatirus virginensis. 14. ANSP 449754, 41.4 mm, Las Galeras, Samana, Dominican Republic. 15. ANSP 449714, 52.7 mm, off St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 16. ANSP 449713, 47.7 mm, St. Thomas. 17. AMNH 191464, 50.5 mm, St. Johns, Antigua. 18. ANSP 449712, 34.7 mm, off Guadeloupe, 30 - 50 m. 19 – 21. ANSP 449717, 32.6 mm, off St. Barthelemy, 100 m. 22. ANSP 249155, 29.4 mm, off East Point, Anegada Island. 23. ANSP 35033, 38.5 mm, shell figured as Latirus elegans (Gray) by Kaicher (1986), locality unknown. 24. ANSP 449716, 27.1 mm, north of Sandy Cay, West End, Grand Bahama Island, 15 - 17 m. 25. ANSP 449715, 30.0 mm, Castillo, Duarte, Dominican Republic, 1.2 m. 26. ANSP 449720, 30.6 mm, Little St. James Island, U. S. Virgin Islands, 7.3 m. 27 – 28. ANSP 449719, 20.7 mm, Bimini, Bahamas. 29 – 30. ANSP 449718, 26.7 mm, Little St. James Island, 8.3 m. 31. Hemipolygona carinifera (Lamarck, 1816). Shell erroneously labeled “ Latirus annulatus ” in Melvill-Tomlin Collection; NMWC photo. 32 – 37. Pustulatirus utilaensis new species. 32 – 34. Holotype, ANSP 449739, 29.2 mm, off Sandy Key Reef, Utila, Honduras. 35. Paratype, ANSP 449664, 26.6 mm, southwest coast of Utila. 36 – 37. Paratype, ANSP 449659, 31.6 mm, Roatán." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283573/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Figure 31</figureCitation>
|
||
) quite unlike Melvill’s figure. We hesitate to replace the well-known
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7676459AC4EC43FD3A" authority="Abbott" authorityName="Abbott" box="[296,599,727,752]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7676459AC4EFEAFD25" box="[296,510,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Latirus virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
Abbott
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with the Melvill name. Absence of an original description and lack of access to a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD224EC76767A9AE0EF53FCC0" box="[279,327,765,789]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">type</typeStatus>
|
||
render the status of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7675439AE0ED0CFCC1" box="[558,792,764,788]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Peristernia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7675439AE0ED0CFCC1" box="[558,792,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Peristernia annulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
uncertain. Until the figured
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD224EC7673349AE0EA9DFCC0" box="[1113,1161,765,789]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">type</typeStatus>
|
||
is found and its identity confirmed, we recommend that Melvill’s name be considered a
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC76740C9B3CEA26FCED" box="[865,1074,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">species inquirenda</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED224EC7677AA9B59EEFDFB3D" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">
|
||
Bullock (1968: 65-67) reported as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7675279B58ED69FC89" authority="Melvill" authorityName="Melvill" box="[586,893,836,860]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7675279B58ED04FC89" box="[586,784,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Latirus annulatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Melvill)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED224EC7673519B59EA6EFC89" box="[1084,1146,836,860]" name="Cuba" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED224EC7673E89B59EAF6FC89" box="[1157,1250,836,860]" name="Jamaica" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, St. Thomas and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED224EC7677FA9B7AEEE0FCAA" box="[151,244,871,895]" name="Antigua and Barbuda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Antigua</collectingCountry>
|
||
, figured by that name shells from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED224EC7675159B7AECC1FCAA" box="[632,725,871,895]" name="Jamaica" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, St. Thomas and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED224EC7674F49B7AEDE2FCAA" box="[921,1014,871,895]" name="Antigua and Barbuda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Antigua</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and cited the species’ range as
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED224EC76720C9B7AEB88FCAA" box="[1377,1436,871,895]" name="Cuba" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
to the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED224EC7677859B91EF9EFC71" box="[232,394,908,932]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
and southward in the Lesser Antilles. Bullock characterized
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7673059B90EAEDFC71" box="[1128,1273,908,932]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7673059B90EAEDFC71" box="[1128,1273,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">L. annulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as “the most commonly found and least variable of the [species group].” He distinguished
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC76749A9BACEA96FC1D" box="[1015,1154,944,968]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC76749A9BACEA96FC1D" box="[1015,1154,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">L. annulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7673AB9BACEB4DFC1D" box="[1222,1369,945,968]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7673AB9BACEB4DFC1D" box="[1222,1369,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">L. attenuatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its “more angular shoulder on the body whorl and by having white axial ribs on every whorl,” stating that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7672E89BC8EF05FBC5" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7672E89BC8EF05FBC5" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">L. virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7676C79BE4EC23FBC5" box="[426,567,1016,1040]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7676C79BE4EC23FBC5" box="[426,567,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">L. annulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
“by having a more rounded body whorl lacking the white color of the axial ribs.” Shells that Bullock figured as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7675299C00ECC0FBE1" box="[580,724,1052,1076]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7675299C00ECC0FBE1" box="[580,724,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">L. annulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
generally resemble Melvill’s figure, which in turn resembles shells that Nowell-Usticke (1969) named
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7675E99C5CED22FB8D" box="[644,822,1088,1112]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="karinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7675E99C5CED22FB8D" box="[644,822,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Latirus karinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED224EC7674E89C5CEA06FB82" box="[901,1042,1087,1112]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED224EC76733C9C22EAE2FB82" box="[1105,1270,1087,1111]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED224EC7672569C22EB8DFB82" box="[1339,1433,1087,1111]" name="Antigua and Barbuda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Antigua</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Nowell-Usticke (1971) tacitly acknowledged synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7674339C78EDCCFBA9" box="[862,984,1124,1148]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="karinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7674339C78EDCCFBA9" box="[862,984,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">L. karinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7673459C78EAD3FBA9" box="[1064,1223,1125,1148]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7673459C78EAD3FBA9" box="[1064,1223,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">L. virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by captioning as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7677FA9C94EF05FB75" box="[151,273,1161,1184]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7677FA9C94EF05FB75" box="[151,273,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in 1971 the figure he had used for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7675F89C95ECFEFB75" box="[661,746,1160,1184]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="karinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7675F89C95ECFEFB75" box="[661,746,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">karinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in 1969; his figured shell is now the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD224EC7673E59C9AEAFAFB4A" box="[1160,1262,1159,1183]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC76727E9C95EB7DFB75" box="[1299,1385,1160,1184]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="karinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC76727E9C95EB7DFB75" box="[1299,1385,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">karinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see Boyko and Cordiero, 2001).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC76768A9CB0EC83FB11" box="[487,663,1196,1220]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="karinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC76768A9CB0EC83FB11" box="[487,663,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Latirus karinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was formally relegated to synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7673FD9CB0EB3FFB11" box="[1168,1323,1197,1220]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7673FD9CB0EB3FFB11" box="[1168,1323,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">L. virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by Faber (1988).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED224EC7677AA9CE9EA2EFA6A" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">
|
||
Bullock (1968: 71, 72) characterized
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC76751F9CE8ED52FAD9" box="[626,838,1269,1292]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC76751F9CE8ED52FAD9" box="[626,838,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Latirus virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a very variable species whose status “will not be known until large series of specimens have been studied. The relationship between this species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7673839D04EB77FAE5" box="[1262,1379,1305,1328]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7673839D04EB77FAE5" box="[1262,1379,1305,1328]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">attenuatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7677FA9D21EF12FA81" box="[151,262,1340,1364]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7677FA9D21EF12FA81" box="[151,262,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">annulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is very unclear. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD224EC7675659D20EC2CFA80" box="[520,568,1341,1365]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC76750A9D20ECF5FA81" box="[615,737,1341,1364]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC76750A9D20ECF5FA81" box="[615,737,1341,1364]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a mature specimen and seems different from the largest
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7677FA9D7DEF12FAAD" box="[151,262,1376,1400]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7677FA9D7DEF12FAAD" box="[151,262,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">annulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
seen.” Bullock defined the range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7675CE9D7CED2FFAAD" box="[675,827,1377,1400]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7675CE9D7CED2FFAAD" box="[675,827,1377,1400]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">L. virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED224EC76740C9D7CEDF2FAA2" box="[865,998,1375,1400]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED224EC76732A9D42EAF0FAA2" box="[1095,1252,1375,1399]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED224EC7672649D42EB44FAA2" box="[1289,1360,1375,1399]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, citing specimens examined from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED224EC7676A89D98EC5EFA49" box="[453,586,1412,1436]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
|
||
(four lots) and St. Thomas (one lot). Bullock also cited his pl. 4, fig. 19 for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7677FA9DB4EF3BFA15" box="[151,303,1449,1472]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7677FA9DB4EF3BFA15" box="[151,303,1449,1472]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">L. virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but its caption identifies that shell as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7675B19DB4ED7BFA15" box="[732,879,1449,1472]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7675B19DB4ED7BFA15" box="[732,879,1449,1472]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">L. attenuatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from St. Thomas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED224EC7677AA9DD1EF92F8D1" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">
|
||
Abbott (1958) defined the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD224EC7676999DD0EC30FA30" box="[500,548,1485,1509]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7675FF9DD0ED71FA31" box="[658,869,1485,1508]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7675FF9DD0ED71FA31" box="[658,869,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Latirus virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as:
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD224EC7674FE9DD1EDE1FA31" box="[915,1013,1484,1508]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
ANSP 196459; two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD224EC76738C9DD0EB58FA30" box="[1249,1356,1485,1509]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
ANSP 34975; two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD224EC7676729DEDEF9FF9DD" box="[287,395,1520,1544]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
ANSP 34968; and four
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD224EC7675F29DEDED1FF9DD" box="[671,779,1520,1544]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
ANSP 34969, and we examined all of these specimens at ANSP. We also examined three other specimens (ANSP
|
||
<date id="FFCE97AED224EC7674789E09ED79F9F9" box="[789,877,1556,1580]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" value="40-07-21">210740</date>
|
||
; ANSP 219064; UF 162199) labeled as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD224EC76725C9E08EB88F9F8" box="[1329,1436,1557,1581]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7677D99E24EF92F985" box="[180,390,1593,1616]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7677D99E24EF92F985" box="[180,390,1593,1616]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Latirus virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but Abbott did not mention those specimens and they cannot be
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD224EC7673309E25EA99F985" box="[1117,1165,1592,1616]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material. Abbott (1958) only figured the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD224EC76763E9E41EFA1F9A1" box="[339,437,1628,1652]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7676B69E40EC67F9A1" box="[475,627,1629,1652]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7676B69E40EC67F9A1" box="[475,627,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">L. virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and Bullock’s thesis does not indicate that he examined the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD224EC7672499E40EB40F9A0" box="[1316,1364,1629,1653]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series at ANSP, but Lyons (1991) illustrated the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD224EC76751F9E62ECC0F942" box="[626,724,1663,1687]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and three
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD224EC7674219E9CEDACF94C" box="[844,952,1665,1689]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
from the series; those figures suggest that, had he seen them, Bullock would have classified the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD224EC7674769EB9ED69F969" box="[795,893,1700,1724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD224EC7674989EB8EA75F968" box="[1013,1121,1701,1725]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(Lyons figs. 36–40) as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7672E89EB8EF18F935" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7672E89EB8EF18F935" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">L. attenuatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and one
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD224EC7676029ED4EFC4F934" box="[367,464,1737,1761]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
(Lyons fig. 41) as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7675CD9ED4ED3FF935" box="[672,811,1736,1760]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7675CD9ED4ED3FF935" box="[672,811,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">L. annulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, further exemplifying the confusing variability of shells in this species-group.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED224EC7677AA9F12EABCF86D" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">
|
||
Simplistically, there are two dissimilar morphotypes in the group. The first
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD224EC76732A9F0DEA6EF8FD" box="[1095,1146,1808,1832]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">type</typeStatus>
|
||
, a “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC7673C39F0CEB3CF8FD" box="[1198,1320,1809,1832]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC7673C39F0CEB3CF8FD" box="[1198,1320,1809,1832]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” form, is typified by a mostly smooth shell with broad axial ribs, low to absent spiral cords, and a rather waxy shell surface. The shell color is usually olivaceous brown with lighter-colored ribs, but completely orange or yellow specimens are known, and some shells are mostly orange or yellow but with brown patches between ribs on posterior whorls. A population from Little St. James
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED224EC76754F9FBDEC72F86D" box="[546,614,1952,1976]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED224EC7675DE9FBCECF8F86D" box="[691,748,1952,1976]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">U. S.</collectingCountry>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED224EC76759E9FBDED84F86D" box="[755,912,1952,1976]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
is uniformly olivaceous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED224EC7977AA9FD9EB25FF22" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2012]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,151,1040]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">
|
||
The other morphotype, a “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD224EC76768F9FD9EC20F809" box="[482,564,1988,2012]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="karinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD224EC76768F9FD9EC20F809" box="[482,564,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">karinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” form, is typified by robust, swollen ribs and well-defined spiral cords. The shell color is usually orange-brown but may be yellow, dark brown, or even black, with white axial ribs in stark contrast to the background color. Axial ribs are usually more developed on the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22BEC79741998A1EDD3FF01" box="[884,967,188,212]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="karinae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22BEC79741998A1EDD3FF01" box="[884,967,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">karinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
form than on the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22BEC7973E598A0EAE9FF01" box="[1160,1277,189,212]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22BEC7973E598A0EAE9FF01" box="[1160,1277,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
form and may occur on all whorls, but more often become subdued on the penultimate and body whorls of large specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED22BEC7977AA9919EC50FE52" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,1040]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
|
||
Shell sizes vary considerably among and between populations. Large shells (>
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD22BEC7973569919EA9DFEC9" box="[1083,1161,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="35.0">35 mm</quantity>
|
||
sl) were examined from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22BEC7977FA993AEF28FEEA" box="[151,316,295,319]" name="Dominican Republic" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">the Dominican</collectingCountry>
|
||
Republic, St. Thomas and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22BEC797501993AECD3FEEA" box="[620,711,295,319]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">St. John</collectingCountry>
|
||
in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22BEC7974799935ED58FEEA" box="[788,844,295,319]" name="United States of America" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">U. S.</collectingCountry>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22BEC797439993AEDE0FEEA" box="[852,1012,295,319]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22BEC797492993AEA70FEEA" box="[1023,1124,295,319]" name="Anguilla" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Anguilla</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22BEC797302993AEAF0FEEA" box="[1135,1252,295,319]" name="Sint Martin" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">St. Martin</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22BEC797382993AEB8CFEEA" box="[1263,1432,295,319]" name="Saint Barthelemy" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">St. Barthelemy</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22BEC7977FA9951EEE0FEB1" box="[151,244,332,356]" name="Antigua and Barbuda" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Antigua</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22BEC79766D9951EF9EFEB1" box="[256,394,332,356]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Guadeloupe</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22BEC7976AA9951EC24FEB1" box="[455,560,332,356]" name="Saint Lucia" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">St. Lucia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. We saw no shells larger than
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD22BEC7974E69951EDCFFEB1" box="[907,987,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="28.0">28 mm</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22BEC79734C9951EA7EFEB1" box="[1057,1130,332,356]" name="Aruba" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Aruba</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and only two shells larger than
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD22BEC7977A39972EF09FE52" box="[206,285,367,391]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
|
||
from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22BEC7976E79972EFF2FE52" box="[394,486,367,391]" name="Bahamas" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Bahama</collectingCountry>
|
||
Islands.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED22BEC7977AA9989EB7CFE21" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,1040]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
|
||
Finally, having examined nearly
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D767AE7D22BEC79752E9989ECE4FE79" box="[579,752,404,428]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" type="generic">400 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
, we could not distinguish one phenotype that could not be linked by intergrades to other quite different phenotypes. We conclude that all of the specimens represent a single, morphologically variable species for which
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22BEC7975EE99C1EA2EFE21" authority="Abbott, 1958" authorityName="Abbott" authorityYear="1958" box="[643,1082,476,500]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22BEC7975EE99C1ED99FE21" box="[643,909,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Pustulatirus virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Abbott, 1958)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the first available name.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED22BEC7977AA99E2EC33FC54" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,1040]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
|
||
The shell that Kaicher (1986: card 4671) figured as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22BEC79747A9A1CEA0DFDC2" authority="Gray" authorityName="Gray" box="[791,1049,511,536]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22BEC79747A9A1CEDD2FDCD" box="[791,966,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Latirus elegans</emphasis>
|
||
(Gray)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is in the ANSP collection (ANSP 35033;
|
||
<figureCitation id="134BADEBD22BEC7977829A39EF76FDE9" box="[239,354,548,572]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 37" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1582,1605]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,1560]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,161,1561]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 37. New World Pustulatirus species. 1 – 4. Pustulatirus mediamericanus (Hertlein and Strong, 1951). 1 – 3. ANSP 449744, 50.0 mm, off Cebaco Island, Panamá, 36.6 m. 4. Same specimen, protoconch. 5 – 7. Turbinella attenuata Reeve, 1847. Holotype, NHMUK 196735, 31.1 mm, locality unknown. 8 – 11. Latirus virginensis Abbott, 1958. 8 - 9. Holotype, ANSP 196459, 34.2 mm, St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 10 – 11. Paratype, ANSP 34969, 26.6 mm West Indies. 12 – 13. Latirus karinae Nowell- Usticke, 1969. Lectotype, AMNH 198490, 32.7 mm, Puerto Rico. 14 – 30. Pustulatirus virginensis. 14. ANSP 449754, 41.4 mm, Las Galeras, Samana, Dominican Republic. 15. ANSP 449714, 52.7 mm, off St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 16. ANSP 449713, 47.7 mm, St. Thomas. 17. AMNH 191464, 50.5 mm, St. Johns, Antigua. 18. ANSP 449712, 34.7 mm, off Guadeloupe, 30 - 50 m. 19 – 21. ANSP 449717, 32.6 mm, off St. Barthelemy, 100 m. 22. ANSP 249155, 29.4 mm, off East Point, Anegada Island. 23. ANSP 35033, 38.5 mm, shell figured as Latirus elegans (Gray) by Kaicher (1986), locality unknown. 24. ANSP 449716, 27.1 mm, north of Sandy Cay, West End, Grand Bahama Island, 15 - 17 m. 25. ANSP 449715, 30.0 mm, Castillo, Duarte, Dominican Republic, 1.2 m. 26. ANSP 449720, 30.6 mm, Little St. James Island, U. S. Virgin Islands, 7.3 m. 27 – 28. ANSP 449719, 20.7 mm, Bimini, Bahamas. 29 – 30. ANSP 449718, 26.7 mm, Little St. James Island, 8.3 m. 31. Hemipolygona carinifera (Lamarck, 1816). Shell erroneously labeled “ Latirus annulatus ” in Melvill-Tomlin Collection; NMWC photo. 32 – 37. Pustulatirus utilaensis new species. 32 – 34. Holotype, ANSP 449739, 29.2 mm, off Sandy Key Reef, Utila, Honduras. 35. Paratype, ANSP 449664, 26.6 mm, southwest coast of Utila. 36 – 37. Paratype, ANSP 449659, 31.6 mm, Roatán." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283573/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Figure 23</figureCitation>
|
||
), where it was catalogued as “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22BEC7975A19A38ED57FDE9" box="[716,835,548,572]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22BEC7975A19A38ED57FDE9" box="[716,835,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">L. elegans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
A. Ad. (?)” without stated locality. That specimen, actually
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22BEC79779A9A54EF99FDB5" box="[247,397,585,608]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22BEC79779A9A54EF99FDB5" box="[247,397,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">P. virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is much darker brown than indicated by Kaicher’s figure but is identifiable by a chip in the abapical portion of the outer lip that is visible on the specimen and in the figure. It differs from the shell Kaicher figured on the same card as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD22BEC79756F9A92EC70FD72" box="[514,612,655,679]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22BEC7975E69A8CEDA0FD72" authority="Gray, 1838" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1838" box="[651,948,655,680]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Fusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22BEC7975E69A8CED3FFD7D" box="[651,811,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Fusus elegans</emphasis>
|
||
Gray, 1838
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which has a shorter, more canted siphonal process, relatively shorter and broader axial ribs, and distinct threads between spiral cords. We doubt that the shell Kaicher figured as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD22BEC7976069ACAEFD9FD3A" box="[363,461,727,751]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22BEC79769C9AC4ECDAFD3A" authority="Gray" authorityName="Gray" box="[497,718,727,752]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Fusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22BEC79769C9AC4EC9BFD25" box="[497,655,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Fusus elegans</emphasis>
|
||
Gray
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(NHMUK 1968453) is the shell that Gray described from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22BEC7972349ACAEEF5FCC1" name="Sierra Leone" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Sierra Leone</collectingCountry>
|
||
; his description includes the phrase “with … rather distant, acute, raised, narrow, brown topped spiral ridges,” a condition that fits perfectly shells of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22BEC7975C79B3CEAB0FCE2" authority="Schubert and Wagner, 1829" authorityName="Schubert and Wagner" authorityYear="1829" box="[682,1188,799,825]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Fusinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="filosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22BEC7975C79B3CED47FCED" box="[682,851,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Fusinus filosus</emphasis>
|
||
(Schubert and Wagner, 1829)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from West Africa but not evident on the NHMUK shell, and we are inclined to treat
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22BEC79740C9B58EA00FC89" authority="Gray" authorityName="Gray" box="[865,1044,836,860]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Fusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22BEC79740C9B58EDC0FC89" box="[865,980,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">F. elegans</emphasis>
|
||
Gray
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a junior subjective synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22BEC7977FA9B74EC33FC54" authority="Schubert and Wagner." authorityName="Schubert and Wagner." box="[151,551,871,897]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Fusus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="filosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22BEC7977FA9B74EF3EFC55" box="[151,298,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Fusus filosus</emphasis>
|
||
Schubert and Wagner.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED22BEC7977AA9B91EC99FBC5" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,1040]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
|
||
A shell from off Fortaleza, Ceará,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22BEC7975369B91EC8BFC71" box="[603,671,908,932]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
that Bullock (1968) reported and figured as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22BEC7973C79B90EB6BFC71" box="[1194,1407,909,932]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22BEC7973C79B90EB6BFC71" box="[1194,1407,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Latirus virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is instead a new Brazilian endemic which we describe as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22BEC79747D9BADEA09FC1D" box="[784,1053,944,968]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="biocellatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22BEC79747D9BADEA09FC1D" box="[784,1053,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Pustulatirus biocellatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A237D007D22BEC7973489BADEA77FC12" box="[1061,1123,944,967]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in an account that follows. The shell figured as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22BEC7976E69BC8EC75FC39" box="[395,609,981,1004]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22BEC7976E69BC8EC75FC39" box="[395,609,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Latirus virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Bay Islands of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22BEC7974E39BC9EDEFFC39" box="[910,1019,980,1004]" name="Honduras" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Honduras</collectingCountry>
|
||
by K. and L. Sunderland (1996) is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22BEC7977FA9BE5EF86FBC5" box="[151,402,1016,1040]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="utilaensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22BEC7977FA9BE5EF86FBC5" box="[151,402,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Pustulatirus utilaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A237D007D22BEC7976F49BE4EFC3FBC5" box="[409,471,1017,1040]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, described next.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |