177 lines
24 KiB
XML
177 lines
24 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="AB6858A9C5FB40B7E593CECC8EF01537">A synoptic review of the family Dendronotidae (Mollusca: Nudibranchia): a multilevel organismal diversity approach</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DACB80CEF16F5157A6A5890FC1BF9F47">Bakken, Torkild</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5A34DCEB93CB7B379E8B2B4C8FADC121">GrØtan, Viktor V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5F47E5AE1E0B9C61AC75FD79F82669ED">Johnson, Kjetil B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="740F9AEC78B0A23F6FA80AB6EC284328">Contributions To Zoology</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03A8176E026AFFA12356FE5BC9191260" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4624004" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180598602" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4624004" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A8176E026AFFA12356FE5BC9191260" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8176E026AFFA12356FE5BC9191260" lastPageNumber="128" pageId="35" pageNumber="128">
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<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB026AFFA12356FE5BCBFE10CE" ID-CoL="34QZV" authority="Verrill, 1870" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1870" box="[98,488,422,449]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="35" pageNumber="128" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robustus">
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<emphasis id="B9757A6A026AFFA12356FE5BCBFE10CE" bold="true" box="[98,488,422,449]" pageId="35" pageNumber="128">
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<emphasis id="B9757A6A026AFFA12356FE5BCB4910CE" bold="true" box="[98,351,422,449]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="128">Dendronotus robustus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89026AFFA12250FE5BCBFE10CE" author="Verrill, A." box="[356,488,422,449]" journalOrPublisher="Descriptions of some New England Nudibranchiata. Am. J. Sci. Arts" pageId="35" pageNumber="128" pagination="405 - 408" part="50" refId="ref33156" refString="Verrill, A. (1870) Contributions to zoology from the Museum of Yale College. No. 8. - Descriptions of some New England Nudibranchiata. Am. J. Sci. Arts (Ser. 2), 50, 405 - 408." title="Contributions to zoology from the Museum of Yale College" type="journal article" year="1870">Verrill, 1870</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="8BBEA678026AFFA12356FE36CA8B10EA" blockId="35.[98,610,422,628]" box="[98,157,459,485]" pageId="35" pageNumber="128">
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<figureCitation id="133ABAFD026AFFA12356FE36CA8B10EA" box="[98,157,459,485]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="14.[129,196,1668,1689]" captionTargetBox="[144,1171,170,1636]" captionTargetId="figure-1@14.[144,1171,170,1636]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 7 Representaives of the genus Dendronotus (living specimens). PHOTOGRAPHS BY T. KORSHUNOVA, A. MARTYNOV, K. FLETCHER, D. MILLER, Y. FUJIWARA, K. HASEGAWA, K. SANAMYAN, N. SANAMYAN, AND O. ZIMINA" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4623930" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4623930/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="128">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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<paragraph id="8BBEA678026AFFA123B5FE12C8761322" blockId="35.[98,610,422,628]" pageId="35" pageNumber="128">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA08069026AFFA123B5FE12C84B1306" author="Verrill, A." box="[129,605,494,521]" page="405" pageId="35" pageNumber="128" year="1870">
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<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB026AFFA123B5FE12C84B1306" ID-CoL="34QZV" authority="Verrill, 1870: 405" authorityName="Verrill" authorityPageNumber="405" authorityYear="1870" box="[129,605,494,521]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="35" pageNumber="128" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robustus">
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<emphasis id="B9757A6A026AFFA123B5FE12CB6B1306" box="[129,381,495,521]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="128">Dendronotus robustus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89026AFFA122BBFE12C84B1306" author="Verrill, A." box="[399,605,494,521]" journalOrPublisher="Descriptions of some New England Nudibranchiata. Am. J. Sci. Arts" pageId="35" pageNumber="128" pagination="405 - 408" part="50" refId="ref33156" refString="Verrill, A. (1870) Contributions to zoology from the Museum of Yale College. No. 8. - Descriptions of some New England Nudibranchiata. Am. J. Sci. Arts (Ser. 2), 50, 405 - 408." title="Contributions to zoology from the Museum of Yale College" type="journal article" year="1870">Verrill, 1870: 405</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA08069026AFFA12356FDEFCB491322" author="Lundin, K. & Korshunova, T. & Malmberg, K. & Martynov, A." box="[98,351,530,557]" page="303" pageId="35" pageNumber="128" year="2017">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89026AFFA12356FDEFCB491322" author="Lundin, K. & Korshunova, T. & Malmberg, K. & Martynov, A." box="[98,351,530,557]" journalOrPublisher="Contrib. Zool." pageId="35" pageNumber="128" pagination="303 - 318" part="86" refId="ref30367" refString="Lundin, K., Korshunova, T., Malmberg, K. & Martynov, A. (2017) Intersection of historical museum collections and modern systematics: a relict population of the Arctic nudibranch Dendronotus velifer G. O. Sars, 1878 in a Swedish fjord. Contrib. Zool., 86, 303 - 318." title="Intersection of historical museum collections and modern systematics: a relict population of the Arctic nudibranch Dendronotus velifer G. O. Sars, 1878 in a Swedish fjord" type="journal article" year="2017">Lundin et al., 2017: 303</bibRefCitation>
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, 306, 309–315,
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<figureCitation id="133ABAFD026AFFA12136FDEFC8541322" box="[514,578,530,557]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[129,196,1542,1563]" captionTargetBox="[129,1187,170,1506]" captionTargetId="figure-1@8.[129,1187,170,1510]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3 A.Map of the Northern Hemisphere showing the distribution of D.elegans (including “D.niveus”), D.kalikal, and D.yrjargul sp. nov.The type locality of D.elegans is indicated by crossed lines. B. The haplotype networks based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), 16S rRNA (16S), and 28S rRNA (28S) molecular data showing genetic mutations occurring within D.elegans (“D.niveus”), D. kalikal, and D.yrjargul sp. nov. specimens.Abbreviations:BeSt – Bering Strait; BS – Barents Sea; Gr – Greenland; Km – Kamchatka; KS – Kara Sea; Ku – Kuril Islands; LS – Laptev Sea; Nf – Newfoundland; NS – Norwegian Sea; WS – White Sea.Type locality of D.elegans is marked on the map by “x”." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4623922" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4623922/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="128">Figs 3</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="133ABAFD026AFFA12179FDEEC84B1322" box="[589,605,531,557]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[98,164,1492,1513]" captionTargetBox="[115,1140,170,1460]" captionTargetId="figure-1@9.[115,1140,170,1460]" captionText="FIGURE 4 Dendronotus yrjargul sp.nov.(a–n) and D.kalikal (o–t), external and internal morphology.a–c: living holotype of D.yrjargul NTNU-VM-76306 (a) and its habitat (b, c), dorsal,ventral and lateral views with egg mass and associated hydroid Abietinaria fusca, respectively; d: Dendronotus yrjargul, habitat of living paratype NTNU-VM-76302;e: jaw of holotype; f:denticles on the masticatory edge of the holotype; g: jaws of paratype NTNU-VM-76302; h:discoid ridge-like structures on the masticatory edge of paratype NTNU-VM-76302;i: details of discoid structures on the masticatory edge of paratype NTNU-VM-76302; j: anterior part of radula of holotype; k:central teeth of radula of holotype;l:lateral teeth of radula of holotype; m:central teeth of radula of paratype NTNU-VM-76302; n: lateral teeth of radula of holotype; o: living holotype of D.kalikal; p: jaw of D.kalikal, specimen from Kurile Islands;" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4623924" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4623924/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="128">4</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBEA678026AFFA123B5FDCACBBB137B" blockId="35.[98,610,422,628]" pageId="35" pageNumber="128">
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Non auct., not
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<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89026AFFA12214FDCBC815135E" author="Ekimova, I. & Korshunova, T. & Schepetov, D. & Neretina, T. & Sanamyan, N. & Martynov, A." box="[288,515,566,593]" journalOrPublisher="Zool. J. Linn. Soc." pageId="35" pageNumber="128" pagination="841 - 886" part="173" refId="ref28761" refString="Ekimova, I., Korshunova, T., Schepetov, D., Neretina, T., Sanamyan, N. & Martynov, A. (2015) Integrative systematics of northern and Arctic nudibranchs of the genus Dendronotus (Mollusca, Gastropoda), with descriptions of three new species. Zool. J. Linn. Soc., 173, 841 - 886." title="Integrative systematics of northern and Arctic nudibranchs of the genus Dendronotus (Mollusca, Gastropoda), with descriptions of three new species" type="journal article" year="2015">Ekimova et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
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(mix-up with
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<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB026AFFA123AFFDA6CBB4137B" ID-CoL="34R22" authority="G. O. Sars, 1878" authorityName="G. O. Sars" authorityYear="1878" box="[155,418,602,628]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="35" pageNumber="128" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="velifer">
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<emphasis id="B9757A6A026AFFA123AFFDA6CAEF137B" box="[155,249,602,628]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="128">D. velifer</emphasis>
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G.O.
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<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89026AFFA12200FDA7CBB4137B" author="Sars, G." box="[308,418,602,628]" journalOrPublisher="BlOddyr. Universitetsprogram, Christiania" pageId="35" pageNumber="128" refId="ref32434" refString="Sars, G. (1878) Bidrag til kundskaben om Norges Arktiske fauna. I. Mollusca regionis Arcticae Norvegiae, oversigtoverdeiNorgesArktiskeregion forekommende. BlOddyr. Universitetsprogram, Christiania." title="Bidrag til kundskaben om Norges Arktiske fauna. I. Mollusca regionis Arcticae Norvegiae, oversigtoverdeiNorgesArktiskeregion forekommende" type="book" year="1878">Sars, 1878</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C31BF5F3026AFFA12356FD5FCBDB1731" pageId="35" pageNumber="128" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BBEA678026AFFA12356FD5FCBDB1731" blockId="35.[98,610,674,1598]" pageId="35" pageNumber="128">
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<emphasis id="B9757A6A026AFFA12356FD5FCB2C13B3" box="[98,314,674,700]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="128">Extended diagnosis</emphasis>
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. Body wide. Six to seven pairs of branched dorsolateral appendages. 10 to 15 appendages of oral veil. Four to five appendages of rhinophoral stalks. Lateral papilla of rhinophoral sheaths absent. Rhinophores with 7–14 lamellae. More than 20 lip papillae. Basal colour light grayish to yellowish with scattered opaque white and yellow spots. Dorsal processes of jaws inclined posteriorly at approximately 47° to the longitudinal axis of the jaw body and 0.55 of its length. Masticatory processes apparently bear denticles (may possess ridgelike structures). Radula with upto 31 rows of teeth. Central tooth with high cusp and up to 20 small distinct denticles without furrows. Up to nine lateral teeth with up to seven denticles. Ampulla moderately narrow, with approximately three to four irregular loops. Bursa copulatrix moderate in size, rounded to pear-shaped,withsmallseminalreceptaculum placed distally near the vaginal opening. Prostate discoid with about 10 alveolar glands. The vas deferens is moderate in length, penis massive, broad, slightly curved. Bodylength of verified specimens up to
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<quantity id="4CF90B9D026AFFA1224DF9DECBDF1731" box="[377,457,1571,1598]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="128" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31BF5F3026AFFA12356F996C92E11E6" pageId="35" pageNumber="128" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BBEA678026AFFA12356F996C87417C2" blockId="35.[98,610,1643,1742]" pageId="35" pageNumber="128">
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<emphasis id="B9757A6A026AFFA12356F996CAF0178A" box="[98,230,1643,1669]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="128">Distribution</emphasis>
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. North Atlantic (both western and eastern, Canada, Norway, Russia and USA), very shallow waters only, in the Arctic, the
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBEA678026AFFA121B1FF51C92E11E6" blockId="35.[645,1156,171,234]" pageId="35" pageNumber="128">range does not extend further eastward than the Barents Sea.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31BF5F3026AFFA121B1FEEACE96103E" box="[645,1152,279,306]" pageId="35" pageNumber="128" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BBEA678026AFFA121B1FEEACE96103E" blockId="35.[645,1152,279,306]" box="[645,1152,279,306]" pageId="35" pageNumber="128">
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<emphasis id="B9757A6A026AFFA121B1FEEAC913103E" box="[645,773,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="128">Bathymetry</emphasis>
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. Intertidal to less than
|
||
<quantity id="4CF90B9D026AFFA12732FEEACE28103D" box="[1030,1086,279,306]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="128" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
|
||
deep.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31BF5F3026AFFA121B1FEA2C9191260" pageId="35" pageNumber="128" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBEA678026AFFA121B1FEA2C9191260" blockId="35.[645,1159,351,879]" pageId="35" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A026AFFA121B1FEA2C8F21076" box="[645,740,351,377]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="128">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. T.A. Korshunova’s and A.V. Martynov’s pre-2015 analysis has showed that there are at least two species in the “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB026AFFA1275AFE5AC8F510EB" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="35" pageNumber="128" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A026AFFA1275AFE5AC8F510EB" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="128">D. robustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex”, namely
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB026AFFA1208DFE36C8A31306" authority="Verrill, 1870" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="35" pageNumber="128" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A026AFFA1208DFE36CE2210EB" box="[953,1076,458,484]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="128">D. robustus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89026AFFA1270EFE37C8A31306" author="Verrill, A." journalOrPublisher="Descriptions of some New England Nudibranchiata. Am. J. Sci. Arts" pageId="35" pageNumber="128" pagination="405 - 408" part="50" refId="ref33156" refString="Verrill, A. (1870) Contributions to zoology from the Museum of Yale College. No. 8. - Descriptions of some New England Nudibranchiata. Am. J. Sci. Arts (Ser. 2), 50, 405 - 408." title="Contributions to zoology from the Museum of Yale College" type="journal article" year="1870">Verrill, 1870</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB026AFFA121C2FE12CE191306" authority="G. O. Sars, 1878" authorityName="G. O. Sars" authorityYear="1878" box="[758,1039,494,521]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="35" pageNumber="128" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="velifer">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A026AFFA121C2FE12C94F1307" box="[758,857,494,520]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="128">D. velifer</emphasis>
|
||
G.O.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89026AFFA120AAFE12CE191306" author="Sars, G." box="[926,1039,495,521]" journalOrPublisher="BlOddyr. Universitetsprogram, Christiania" pageId="35" pageNumber="128" refId="ref32434" refString="Sars, G. (1878) Bidrag til kundskaben om Norges Arktiske fauna. I. Mollusca regionis Arcticae Norvegiae, oversigtoverdeiNorgesArktiskeregion forekommende. BlOddyr. Universitetsprogram, Christiania." title="Bidrag til kundskaben om Norges Arktiske fauna. I. Mollusca regionis Arcticae Norvegiae, oversigtoverdeiNorgesArktiskeregion forekommende" type="book" year="1878">Sars, 1878</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, this analysis was unfortunately not included in the final version of the publication by I.A. Ekimova (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89026AFFA121C3FDA7C9C9137A" author="Ekimova, I. & Korshunova, T. & Schepetov, D. & Neretina, T. & Sanamyan, N. & Martynov, A." box="[759,991,602,629]" journalOrPublisher="Zool. J. Linn. Soc." pageId="35" pageNumber="128" pagination="841 - 886" part="173" refId="ref28761" refString="Ekimova, I., Korshunova, T., Schepetov, D., Neretina, T., Sanamyan, N. & Martynov, A. (2015) Integrative systematics of northern and Arctic nudibranchs of the genus Dendronotus (Mollusca, Gastropoda), with descriptions of three new species. Zool. J. Linn. Soc., 173, 841 - 886." title="Integrative systematics of northern and Arctic nudibranchs of the genus Dendronotus (Mollusca, Gastropoda), with descriptions of three new species" type="journal article" year="2015">Ekimova et al., 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This detailed morphological and molecular analysis has shown that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB026AFFA12065FD5EC9C213B3" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1870" box="[849,980,674,700]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="35" pageNumber="128" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A026AFFA12065FD5EC9C213B3" box="[849,980,674,700]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="128">D. robustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB026AFFA1272AFD5ECE9213B3" authorityName="G. O. Sars" authorityYear="1878" box="[1054,1156,674,700]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="35" pageNumber="128" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="velifer">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A026AFFA1272AFD5ECE9213B3" box="[1054,1156,674,700]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="128">D. velifer</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are well differentiated morphologically, bathymetrically and according to the molecular analysis (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89026AFFA12045FCF3CE431227" author="Lundin, K. & Korshunova, T. & Malmberg, K. & Martynov, A." box="[881,1109,782,808]" journalOrPublisher="Contrib. Zool." pageId="35" pageNumber="128" pagination="303 - 318" part="86" refId="ref30367" refString="Lundin, K., Korshunova, T., Malmberg, K. & Martynov, A. (2017) Intersection of historical museum collections and modern systematics: a relict population of the Arctic nudibranch Dendronotus velifer G. O. Sars, 1878 in a Swedish fjord. Contrib. Zool., 86, 303 - 318." title="Intersection of historical museum collections and modern systematics: a relict population of the Arctic nudibranch Dendronotus velifer G. O. Sars, 1878 in a Swedish fjord" type="journal article" year="2017">Lundin et al., 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In the previous literature these two species have been mixed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |