302 lines
42 KiB
XML
302 lines
42 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="D2FAA77718AE2C7E7D5C7F6DFE77743B">A synoptic review of the family Dendronotidae (Mollusca: Nudibranchia): a multilevel organismal diversity approach</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB025EFF952356FCCCCBC81243" ID-CoL="34QZB" authority="Verrill, 1880" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1880" box="[98,478,817,844]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elegans">
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<emphasis id="B9757A6A025EFF952356FCCCCBC81243" bold="true" box="[98,478,817,844]" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">
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<emphasis id="B9757A6A025EFF952356FCCCCB441243" bold="true" box="[98,338,817,844]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">Dendronotus elegans</emphasis>
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Verrill, 1880
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<figureCitation id="133ABAFD025EFF952356FCABCAB5127F" box="[98,163,854,880]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="14.[129,196,1668,1689]" captionTargetBox="[144,1171,170,1636]" captionTargetId="figure-1@14.[144,1171,170,1636]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 7 Representaives of the genus Dendronotus (living specimens). PHOTOGRAPHS BY T. KORSHUNOVA, A. MARTYNOV, K. FLETCHER, D. MILLER, Y. FUJIWARA, K. HASEGAWA, K. SANAMYAN, N. SANAMYAN, AND O. ZIMINA" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4623930" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4623930/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">Figs 7</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="133ABAFD025EFF952399FCABCAAC127F" box="[173,186,854,880]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="24.[129,196,1404,1425]" captionTargetBox="[135,1181,170,1372]" captionTargetId="figure-1@24.[135,1181,170,1372]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 8 Dendronotus elegans. External and internal morphology.a: living specimen ZMMU Op-713 from Greenland, near East Atlantic North American coast; b: jaw, same specimen; c; posterior part of radula, general overview,same specimen; d: close up of smooth central teeth, same; e: close up of lateral teeth, same; f:living specimen ZMMU Op-714 (as “D.niveus”) from the White Sea (subarctic); g: jaw, same specimen; h:masticatory edge of the jaws,same; i: posterior part of radula, general overview,same specimen; j: close up of smooth central teeth, same; k: living specimen ZMMU Op-715 from the Laptev Sea (Arctic); l: jaw, same specimen; m: posterior part of radula, close up of smooth central teeth, same; n: lateral teeth, same.o: discoid prostate with numerous alveols (which considerably exceed the considerably underestimated number presented in the first description of D.niveus), same specimen; Scale bars: b, l, 1mm; c: 300 µm; d, h–j, m: 100 µm; g: 1000 µm; e, n: 30 µm. PHOTOGRAPHS BY O. ZIMINA (A, K) AND T. KORSHUNOVA (F). SEM MICROGRAPHS BY A. MARTYNOV" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4623932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4623932/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">8</figureCitation>
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<paragraph id="8BBEA678025EFF9523B5FC84C84A129B" blockId="23.[98,610,817,1275]" box="[129,604,889,916]" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">
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<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB025EFF9523B5FC84C84E129B" ID-CoL="34QZB" authority="Verrill, 1880: 385 - 386" authorityName="Verrill" authorityPageNumber="385 - 386" authorityYear="1880" box="[129,600,889,916]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elegans">
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<emphasis id="B9757A6A025EFF9523B5FC84CB70129C" box="[129,358,889,915]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">Dendronotuselegans</emphasis>
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Verrill, 1880: 385–386
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBEA678025EFF9523B5FC60C84D12D4" blockId="23.[98,610,817,1275]" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">
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<emphasis id="B9757A6A025EFF9523B5FC60CB8712B8" box="[129,401,925,951]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">
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<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB025EFF9523B5FC60CB1912B8" ID-CoL="7NVQ3" authorityName="Alder & Hancock" authorityYear="1845" box="[129,271,925,951]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Dendronotus</taxonomicName>
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“elongatus”
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</emphasis>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA08069025EFF9522ABFC60CA9512D3" author="Roginskaya, I. S." page="175" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" year="1987">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89025EFF9522ABFC60CA9512D3" author="Roginskaya, I. S." journalOrPublisher="Keys to the Fauna of USSR" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" pagination="155 - 201" part="151" refId="ref32091" refString="Roginskaya, I. S. (1987) Order Nudibranchia Blainville, 1814. In: Molluscs of the White Sea. Keys to the Fauna of USSR, 151, 155 - 201." title="Order Nudibranchia Blainville, 1814" type="journal article" volumeTitle="Molluscs of the White Sea" year="1987">Roginskaya, 1987: 175</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(lapsus calami for
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<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB025EFF952261FC3FC85912D4" ID-CoL="34QZB" authority="Verrill, 1880" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1880" box="[341,591,961,987]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elegans">
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<emphasis id="B9757A6A025EFF952261FC3FCBD512D4" box="[341,451,961,987]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">D. elegans</emphasis>
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Verrill, 1880
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).
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB118156025EFF9523B5FC18CBBB1563" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA08069025EFF9523B5FC18CB161548" author="Martynov, A. & Ishida, Y. & Irimura, S. & Tajiri, R. & O'Hara, T. & Fujita, T." page="869" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" year="2015">
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<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB025EFF9523B5FC18CB161548" ID-CoL="7R2BX" authority="Ekimova, Korshunova, Shepetov, Neretina, Sanamyan & Martynov, 2015: 864 - 869" authorityName="Ekimova, Korshunova, Shepetov, Neretina, Sanamyan & Martynov" authorityPageNumber="864 - 869" authorityYear="2015" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="niveus">
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<emphasis id="B9757A6A025EFF9523B5FC18CB4D12F0" box="[129,347,997,1023]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">Dendronotus niveus</emphasis>
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Ekimova, Korshunova, Shepetov, Neretina, Sanamyan &
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<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89025EFF9522C4FBF7CB161548" author="Martynov, A. & Ishida, Y. & Irimura, S. & Tajiri, R. & O'Hara, T. & Fujita, T." journalOrPublisher="PLOS ONE" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" pagination="0139463" part="10" refId="ref30687" refString="Martynov, A., Ishida, Y., Irimura, S., Tajiri, R., O'Hara, T. & Fujita, T. (2015 b) When ontogeny matters: a new Japanese species of brittle star illustrates the importance of considering both adult and juvenile characters in taxonomic practice. PLOS ONE, 10, e 0139463." title="When ontogeny matters: a new Japanese species of brittle star illustrates the importance of considering both adult and juvenile characters in taxonomic practice" type="journal article" year="2015">Martynov, 2015: 864–869</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="133ABAFD025EFF95223EFBD0CB481548" box="[266,350,1069,1095]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[100,167,1225,1246]" captionTargetBox="[101,1153,173,1189]" captionTargetId="figure-109@13.[98,1156,170,1193]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6 Reproductive systems. a, Dendronotus yrjargul sp. nov.; b, D.kalikal; c, D.elegans; d, D. nordenskioeldi sp. nov. Scale bars:a–d 1mm.Abbreviations:am, ampulla; bc, bursa copulatrix; fgm, female gland mass; fo, female opening; p, penis; pr, prostate; rs, receptaculum seminis; ud, uterine duct; vd, vas deferens; vg, vaginal duct." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4623928" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4623928/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">Figs 6D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="133ABAFD025EFF95225DFBD0CB921548" box="[361,388,1069,1095]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="24.[129,196,1404,1425]" captionTargetBox="[135,1181,170,1372]" captionTargetId="figure-1@24.[135,1181,170,1372]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 8 Dendronotus elegans. External and internal morphology.a: living specimen ZMMU Op-713 from Greenland, near East Atlantic North American coast; b: jaw, same specimen; c; posterior part of radula, general overview,same specimen; d: close up of smooth central teeth, same; e: close up of lateral teeth, same; f:living specimen ZMMU Op-714 (as “D.niveus”) from the White Sea (subarctic); g: jaw, same specimen; h:masticatory edge of the jaws,same; i: posterior part of radula, general overview,same specimen; j: close up of smooth central teeth, same; k: living specimen ZMMU Op-715 from the Laptev Sea (Arctic); l: jaw, same specimen; m: posterior part of radula, close up of smooth central teeth, same; n: lateral teeth, same.o: discoid prostate with numerous alveols (which considerably exceed the considerably underestimated number presented in the first description of D.niveus), same specimen; Scale bars: b, l, 1mm; c: 300 µm; d, h–j, m: 100 µm; g: 1000 µm; e, n: 30 µm. PHOTOGRAPHS BY O. ZIMINA (A, K) AND T. KORSHUNOVA (F). SEM MICROGRAPHS BY A. MARTYNOV" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4623932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4623932/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">8F</figureCitation>
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, 13B, 14, 15 syn. nov.;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA08069025EFF952356FBACCB411564" author="Valdes, A. & Murillo, F. & McCarthy, J. & Yedinak, N." box="[98,343,1105,1131]" page="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" year="2017">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89025EFF952356FBACCB411564" author="Valdes, A. & Murillo, F. & McCarthy, J. & Yedinak, N." box="[98,343,1105,1131]" journalOrPublisher="J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U. K." pageId="23" pageNumber="116" pagination="303 - 319" part="97" refId="ref33015" refString="Valdes, A., Murillo, F., McCarthy, J. & Yedinak, N. (2017) New deep-water records and species of North Atlantic nudibranchs (Mollusca, Gastropoda: Heterobranchia) with the description of a new species. J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U. K., 97, 303 - 319." title="New deep-water records and species of North Atlantic nudibranchs (Mollusca, Gastropoda: Heterobranchia) with the description of a new species" type="journal article" year="2017">Valdés et al., 2017: 6–7</bibRefCitation>
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, 4B, 5B.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBEA678025EFF9523B5FB88CB5E15F4" blockId="23.[98,610,817,1275]" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB118156025EFF9523B5FB88CB5E15F4" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">
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<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB025EFF9523B5FB88C8371580" ID-CoL="34QZ8" authority="sensu Bergh, 1886" authorityName="sensu Bergh" authorityYear="1886" box="[129,545,1141,1167]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dalli">
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<emphasis id="B9757A6A025EFF9523B5FB88CB5F1580" box="[129,329,1141,1167]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">Dendronotusdalli</emphasis>
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sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89025EFF9522AAFB88C8371580" author="Bergh, R." box="[414,545,1141,1167]" journalOrPublisher="Bijdr. Dierk." pageId="23" pageNumber="116" pagination="1 - 37" part="13" refId="ref28295" refString="Bergh, R. (1886) Die Nudibranchien. Gesammelt warhrend der fahrten des " Willem-Barents " in das Nordliche Eismeer. Bijdr. Dierk., 13, 1 - 37, pls. 1 - 3." title="Die Nudibranchien. Gesammelt warhrend der fahrten des " Willem-Barents " in das Nordliche Eismeer" type="journal article" year="1886">Bergh, 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(non
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89025EFF952356FB64CAFE15BC" author="Bergh, R." box="[98,232,1177,1203]" journalOrPublisher="Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" pagination="71 - 132" part="31" refId="ref28253" refString="Bergh, R. (1879) On the nudibranchiate gasteropod mollusca of the North Pacific Ocean, with special reference to those of Alaska. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 31, 71 - 132." title="On the nudibranchiate gasteropod mollusca of the North Pacific Ocean, with special reference to those of Alaska" type="journal article" year="1879">Bergh, 1879</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA08069025EFF9523CBFB64CBFE15BB" author="Robilliard, G." box="[255,488,1177,1204]" page="452" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" year="1970">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89025EFF9523CBFB64CBFE15BB" author="Robilliard, G." box="[255,488,1177,1204]" journalOrPublisher="Veliger" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" pagination="433 - 479" part="12" refId="ref31995" refString="Robilliard, G. (1970) The systematics and some aspects of the ecology of the genus Dendronotus. Veliger, 12, 433 - 479." title="The systematics and some aspects of the ecology of the genus Dendronotus" type="journal article" year="1970">Robilliard, 1970: 452</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA08069025EFF9522C3FB64CAD315D8" author="Bleakney, J." page="109" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" year="1996">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89025EFF9522C3FB64CAD315D8" author="Bleakney, J." journalOrPublisher="Nimbus Publishing & The Nova Scotia Museum, Halifax" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" refId="ref28429" refString="Bleakney, J. (1996) Sea slugs of Atlantic Canada and the Gulf of Maine. Nimbus Publishing & The Nova Scotia Museum, Halifax." title="Sea slugs of Atlantic Canada and the Gulf of Maine" type="book" year="1996">Bleakney, 1996: 109</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB025EFF9523E0FB40CB5415D8" ID-CoL="34QZB" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1880" box="[212,322,1213,1239]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A025EFF9523E0FB40CB5415D8" box="[212,322,1213,1239]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">D. elegans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
incorrectly mentioned as synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB025EFF9523D8FB1CCB2E15F5" ID-CoL="34QZ8" authorityName="sensu Bergh" authorityYear="1886" box="[236,312,1248,1274]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dalli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A025EFF9523D8FB1CCB2E15F5" box="[236,312,1248,1274]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">D. dalli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31BF5F3025EFF952356FAD5C90E13EF" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBEA678025EFF952356FAD5C90E13EF" blockId="23.[98,610,1320,1742]" lastBlockId="23.[645,1157,171,736]" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A025EFF952356FAD5CB2B144D" box="[98,317,1320,1346]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">Extended diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
. Body relatively narrow. Five to ten pairs of branched dorsolateral appendages. Six to nine appendages of oral veil. Four to five appendages (equal in size or few posterior ones longer) of rhinophoral stalks. Lateral papilla of rhinophoral sheaths present. Rhinophoreswith 8–23 lamellae. Lip papillae 8–50. Basal colour uniform, pinkish to light orange, with internal opaque white pigment of tips of dorsolateral appendages. Dorsalprocessesof jawsinclinedposteriorly at approximately 40° to the longitudinal axis of thejawbodyand 0.43of itslength.Masticatory processes apparently bear denticles (which may possess ridge-like structures). Radula with up to 42 rows of teeth. Central tooth completely smooth in adults. Up to at least 13 lateral teeth with up to eight denticles (can be more). Bursa copulatrix large, oval. Seminal receptaculum small placed distally at a moderately short distance from the vaginal opening. Prostate discoid with up to 60 and more alveolar glands (their number was considerably underestimated in the original description of its new synonym
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB025EFF9520DAFDA6CE46137B" authorityName="Ekimova, Korshunova, Shepetov, Neretina, Sanamyan & Martynov" authorityYear="2015" box="[1006,1104,603,628]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="niveus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A025EFF9520DAFDA6CE46137B" box="[1006,1104,603,628]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">D. niveus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see remarks below). The vas deferens is moderate in length, penis strong, conical. Body length upto
|
||
<quantity id="4CF90B9D025EFF9521F1FD3BC90213EF" box="[709,788,710,736]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="70.0">70 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31BF5F3025EFF9521B1FCF3CE60129B" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBEA678025EFF9521B1FCF3CE60129B" blockId="23.[645,1157,782,916]" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A025EFF9521B1FCF3C91F1227" box="[645,777,782,808]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. North Atlantic (known southern limit – Cape Cod, USA) to the Arctic (including Barents Sea and White Sea, known northeastern limit is the Laptev Sea, Russia).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31BF5F3025EFF9521B1FC3CC9F1150F" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBEA678025EFF9521B1FC3CC9F1150F" blockId="23.[645,1157,961,1024]" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A025EFF9521B1FC3CC91312D4" box="[645,773,961,987]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">Bathymetry</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity id="4CF90B9D025EFF952023FC3CC96E12D3" box="[791,888,961,988]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" unit="m" value="17.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="10.0">10–25 m</quantity>
|
||
(WhiteSea) to
|
||
<quantity id="4CF90B9D025EFF952708FC3CCE9312D3" box="[1084,1157,961,988]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.58" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" unit="m" value="258.0">258 m</quantity>
|
||
depth (western North Atlantic).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31BF5F3025EFF9B21B1FBD0CB0515D8" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBEA678025EFF9521B1FBD0CE9317C2" blockId="23.[645,1157,1069,1742]" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A025EFF9521B1FBD0C8F31548" box="[645,741,1069,1095]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89025EFF9521CDFBD0C9EF1547" author="Ekimova, I. & Korshunova, T. & Schepetov, D. & Neretina, T. & Sanamyan, N. & Martynov, A." box="[761,1017,1069,1096]" journalOrPublisher="Zool. J. Linn. Soc." pageId="23" pageNumber="116" pagination="841 - 886" part="173" refId="ref28761" refString="Ekimova, I., Korshunova, T., Schepetov, D., Neretina, T., Sanamyan, N. & Martynov, A. (2015) Integrative systematics of northern and Arctic nudibranchs of the genus Dendronotus (Mollusca, Gastropoda), with descriptions of three new species. Zool. J. Linn. Soc., 173, 841 - 886." title="Integrative systematics of northern and Arctic nudibranchs of the genus Dendronotus (Mollusca, Gastropoda), with descriptions of three new species" type="journal article" year="2015">Ekimova et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
overlooked important details in the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB025EFF95219EFB8BC9AE1580" authority="Verrill, 1880" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1880" box="[682,952,1141,1167]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A025EFF95219EFB8BC9091580" box="[682,799,1141,1167]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">D. elegans</emphasis>
|
||
Verrill, 1880
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, for which a big animal with uniform salmon-coloured body was used, and a special mentioning was made of the completely smooth central teeth (Verrill, 1880: 385–386). These characters are identical to those of the recently described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB025EFF9521B1FAB0C9C91468" authority="Ekimova et al., 2015" authorityName="Ekimova" authorityYear="2015" box="[645,991,1356,1383]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="niveus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A025EFF9521B1FAB0C8FD1469" box="[645,747,1357,1382]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">D. niveus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89025EFF9521C1FAB1C9C91468" author="Ekimova, I. & Korshunova, T. & Schepetov, D. & Neretina, T. & Sanamyan, N. & Martynov, A." box="[757,991,1356,1383]" journalOrPublisher="Zool. J. Linn. Soc." pageId="23" pageNumber="116" pagination="841 - 886" part="173" refId="ref28761" refString="Ekimova, I., Korshunova, T., Schepetov, D., Neretina, T., Sanamyan, N. & Martynov, A. (2015) Integrative systematics of northern and Arctic nudibranchs of the genus Dendronotus (Mollusca, Gastropoda), with descriptions of three new species. Zool. J. Linn. Soc., 173, 841 - 886." title="Integrative systematics of northern and Arctic nudibranchs of the genus Dendronotus (Mollusca, Gastropoda), with descriptions of three new species" type="journal article" year="2015">Ekimova et al., 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The available molecular data (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89025EFF95207CFA8DCE361485" author="Valdes, A. & Murillo, F. & McCarthy, J. & Yedinak, N." box="[840,1056,1392,1419]" journalOrPublisher="J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U. K." pageId="23" pageNumber="116" pagination="303 - 319" part="97" refId="ref33015" refString="Valdes, A., Murillo, F., McCarthy, J. & Yedinak, N. (2017) New deep-water records and species of North Atlantic nudibranchs (Mollusca, Gastropoda: Heterobranchia) with the description of a new species. J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U. K., 97, 303 - 319." title="New deep-water records and species of North Atlantic nudibranchs (Mollusca, Gastropoda: Heterobranchia) with the description of a new species" type="journal article" year="2017">Valdés et al., 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; present study, figs 1–3) also show that specimens identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB025EFF95202DFA44C96B14DD" box="[793,893,1465,1490]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="niveus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A025EFF95202DFA44C96B14DD" box="[793,893,1465,1490]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">D. niveus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from off the east coast of North America (relatively close to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BA18DA025EFF9521B1F9FDC8A11715" box="[645,695,1536,1562]" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB025EFF952071F9FDC9AF1715" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1880" box="[837,953,1536,1562]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A025EFF952071F9FDC9AF1715" box="[837,953,1536,1562]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">D. elegans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) are identical to specimens from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BA18DA025EFF95205BF9D9C9B71731" box="[879,929,1572,1598]" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB025EFF952715F9D9CE931732" box="[1057,1157,1572,1597]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="niveus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A025EFF952715F9D9CE931732" box="[1057,1157,1572,1597]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">D. niveus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the White Sea. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BA18DA025EFF9520B2F9BAC9FD176E" box="[902,1003,1607,1633]" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB025EFF952727F9B5CE92176E" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1880" box="[1043,1156,1607,1633]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A025EFF952727F9B5CE92176E" box="[1043,1156,1607,1633]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="116">D. elegans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Smithsonian Institution (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89025EFF9520D2F991CE6B1789" author="NMNH (National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution)" box="[998,1149,1644,1670]" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" publicationUrl="http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/39fc3ac7d-5caa-47ae-b0cb-60371b864c4d" refId="ref31289" refString="NMNH (National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution) (2020) Dendronotus elegans Verrill, 1880 Holotype USNM 842116. Accesssed through http: // n 2 t. net / ark: / 65665 / 39 fc 3 ac 7 d- 5 caa- 47 ae-b 0 cb- 60371 b 864 c 4 d" title="Dendronotus elegans Verrill, 1880 Holotype USNM 842116" type="journal article" year="2020">NMNH, 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) is not suitable for molecular study. However, a microslide with radula of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BA18DA025EFF952737F94ECE7E17C2" box="[1027,1128,1715,1741]" pageId="23" pageNumber="116" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7EF6F00251FF9A23B5FA81CB7217DC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4623932" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4623932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4623932/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="117" startId="24.[129,196,1404,1425]" targetBox="[135,1181,170,1372]" targetPageId="24">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBEA6780251FF9A23B5FA81CB7217DC" blockId="24.[129,1187,1404,1747]" pageId="24" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<pageTitle id="CB9E7E1F0251FF9A23B5FA81CAC5149E" box="[129,211,1404,1425]" pageId="24" pageNumber="117">FIGURE 8</pageTitle>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB0251FF9A23CDFA81CBA3149E" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1880" box="[249,437,1404,1425]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="117" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A0251FF9A23CDFA81CBA3149E" box="[249,437,1404,1425]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="117">Dendronotus elegans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. External and internal morphology. a: living specimen ZMMU Op-713 from Greenland, near East Atlantic North American coast; b: jaw, same specimen; c; posterior part of radula, general overview, same specimen; d: close up of smooth central teeth, same; e: close up of lateral teeth, same; f: living specimen ZMMU Op-714 (as “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB0251FF9A21BEFA29C8CC14E6" box="[650,730,1492,1513]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="117" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="niveus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A0251FF9A21BEFA29C8CC14E6" box="[650,730,1492,1513]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="117">D. niveus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”) from the White Sea (subarctic); g: jaw, same specimen; h: masticatory edge of the jaws, same; i: posterior part of radula, general overview, same specimen; j: close up of smooth central teeth, same; k: living specimen ZMMU Op-715 from the Laptev Sea (Arctic); l: jaw, same specimen; m: posterior part of radula, close up of smooth central teeth, same; n: lateral teeth, same. o: discoid prostate with numerous alveols (which considerably exceed the considerably underestimated number presented in the first description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB0251FF9A2094F99AC9E61773" box="[928,1008,1639,1660]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="117" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="niveus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A0251FF9A2094F99AC9E61773" box="[928,1008,1639,1660]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="117">D. niveus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), same specimen; Scale bars: b, l, 1mm; c: 300 µm; d, h–j, m: 100 µm; g: 1000 µm; e, n: 30 µm.
|
||
<pageTitle id="CB9E7E1F0251FF9A23CDF95CCB7217DC" pageId="24" pageNumber="117">PHOTOGRAPHS BY O. ZIMINA (A, K) AND T. KORSHUNOVA (F). SEM MICROGRAPHS BY A. MARTYNOV</pageTitle>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBEA6780250FF9B2356FF56CB0515D8" blockId="25.[98,611,171,1239]" pageId="25" pageNumber="118">
|
||
kept separately in the Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History (YPM IZ 010761.GP) and available as online images (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB890250FF9B228BFF0ECB1B103E" author="Yale Peabody Museum" pageId="25" pageNumber="118" publicationUrl="https://collections.peabody.yale.edu/search/Record/YPM-IZ-010761.GP" refId="ref33444" refString="Yale Peabody Museum. (2020) Dendronotus elegans Verrill, 1880 YPM IZ 010761. GP. Accessed through https: // collections. peabody. yale. edu / search / Record / YPM-IZ- 010761. GP" title="Dendronotus elegans Verrill, 1880 YPM IZ 010761. GP. Accessed through" type="url" year="2020">Yale Peabody Museum, 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which confirm the presence of massive smooth central teeth. The date (
|
||
<date id="FFBF80B80250FF9B235FFEA2CB391076" box="[107,303,351,377]" pageId="25" pageNumber="118" value="1879-09-06">6September1879</date>
|
||
),thedepth (26fathoms =48 meters) and locations (Stellwagen Bank, off Cape Cod) for collecting data of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BA18DA0250FF9B22C9FE5AC87410CE" box="[509,610,423,449]" pageId="25" pageNumber="118" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB0250FF9B23B1FE36CAEC10EA" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1880" box="[133,250,459,485]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="25" pageNumber="118" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A0250FF9B23B1FE36CAEC10EA" box="[133,250,459,485]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="118">D. elegans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
exactly match radula YPM IZ 010761.GP, the preserved body USNM 842116 and the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB0250FF9B22DEFDEEC8771323" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1880" box="[490,609,530,556]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="25" pageNumber="118" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A0250FF9B22DEFDEEC8771323" box="[490,609,530,556]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="118">D. elegans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Verrill (1880). Additional morphological information of the molecularly investigated specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB0250FF9B2235FD82CB641397" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1880" box="[257,370,638,664]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="25" pageNumber="118" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A0250FF9B2235FD82CB641397" box="[257,370,638,664]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="118">D. elegans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the present study is given in fig. 8. It is evident that specimens from the Atlantic North American coast and from the Arctic Eurasian regions are morphologically similar according to their external and internal features. We therefore synonymize
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB0250FF9B23C1FCA8CAAC129B" authority="Ekimova et al., 2015" authorityName="Ekimova" authorityYear="2015" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="25" pageNumber="118" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="niveus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A0250FF9B23C1FCA8CBC21260" box="[245,468,853,879]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="118">Dendronotus niveus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB890250FF9B22EAFCA8CAAC129B" author="Ekimova, I. & Korshunova, T. & Schepetov, D. & Neretina, T. & Sanamyan, N. & Martynov, A." journalOrPublisher="Zool. J. Linn. Soc." pageId="25" pageNumber="118" pagination="841 - 886" part="173" refId="ref28761" refString="Ekimova, I., Korshunova, T., Schepetov, D., Neretina, T., Sanamyan, N. & Martynov, A. (2015) Integrative systematics of northern and Arctic nudibranchs of the genus Dendronotus (Mollusca, Gastropoda), with descriptions of three new species. Zool. J. Linn. Soc., 173, 841 - 886." title="Integrative systematics of northern and Arctic nudibranchs of the genus Dendronotus (Mollusca, Gastropoda), with descriptions of three new species" type="journal article" year="2015">Ekimova et al., 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB0250FF9B23CFFC87CBEF129B" authority="Verrill, 1880" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1880" box="[251,505,889,916]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="25" pageNumber="118" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A0250FF9B23CFFC87CB7D129C" box="[251,363,889,915]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="118">D. elegans</emphasis>
|
||
Verrill, 1880
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Another species with smooth central teeth at the adult stage is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB0250FF9B2236FC3FCBCC12D4" authority="Bergh, 1879" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1879" box="[258,474,961,987]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="25" pageNumber="118" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dalli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A0250FF9B2236FC3FCB4412D4" box="[258,338,961,987]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="118">D. dalli</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB890250FF9B226EFC3CCBCC12D4" author="Bergh, R." box="[346,474,961,987]" journalOrPublisher="Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia" pageId="25" pageNumber="118" pagination="71 - 132" part="31" refId="ref28253" refString="Bergh, R. (1879) On the nudibranchiate gasteropod mollusca of the North Pacific Ocean, with special reference to those of Alaska. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 31, 71 - 132." title="On the nudibranchiate gasteropod mollusca of the North Pacific Ocean, with special reference to those of Alaska" type="journal article" year="1879">Bergh, 1879</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see above, figs 1, 2), but this one is found predominantly in the North Pacific and differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB0250FF9B217FFBF7CAA31548" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1880" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="25" pageNumber="118" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A0250FF9B217FFBF7CAA31548" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="118">D. elegans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in habitus morphology (apical parts of dorsolateral appendages with external opaque white pigment vs. with internal or absent white pigment in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB0250FF9B2290FB64C80A15BC" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1880" box="[420,540,1177,1203]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="25" pageNumber="118" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A0250FF9B2290FB64C80A15BC" box="[420,540,1177,1203]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="118">D. elegans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and molecular data.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |