421 lines
56 KiB
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421 lines
56 KiB
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<mods:title id="00829FE1DDCDF48352CD0D90C4A0DF33">A new subfamily of ulmarid scyphomedusae, the Santjordiinae, with a description of Santjordia pagesi gen. et sp. nov. (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa: Discomedusae: Semaeostomeae: Ulmaridae) from the Sumisu Caldera, Ogasawara Islands, Japan</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5310A4E0D5B5BA8E35E3DA6A843EAE79">Lindsay, Dhugal John</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3D4DBCDF9A4613F3F598A459DB7C85C4">Institute for Extra-cutting-edge Science and Technology Avant-garde Research (X-star), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="49C627DCDE30DCC1C3F45FB89208301E">Grossmann, Mary Matilda</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8A467BF5F25179198AA1FDE64AF81301">Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST), Onna, Okinawa, Japan & grossmann. mary @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6800 - 6092</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CB0F1592478D9BD449285C0F89D00525" type="email">grossmann.mary@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="DF31EDFADA6431CB3BBF5CA93C8FBA01">Montenegro, Javier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="87869C7D8BB614FA4F2FB850503A0C12">Institute for Extra-cutting-edge Science and Technology Avant-garde Research (X-star), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2603F29D15F5B1CF13320D7CD32F6753">Morandini, André Carrara</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4208475EF372A34D2AF4071C543D8627">Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, trav. 14, n. 101, São Paulo, SP, Brazil, 05508 - 090 & Centro de Biologia Marinha (CEBIMar), Universidade de São Paulo, Rod. Manoel Hipólito do Rego, km 131.5, São Sebastião, SP, Brazil, 11612 - 109</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="8CA6809D66E6099E0D9EE644A6ECC139">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03A6ED2FAB6C21101DD5144CFC80FBF3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10169528" ID-GBIF-Taxon="219492104" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10169528" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:DEB1C67A-209D-4D42-ACD5-902BD93E8853" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A6ED2FAB6C21101DD5144CFC80FBF3" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="543" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">
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<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6C211F1DD5144CFE0EFAF5" bold="true" box="[151,463,1915,1942]" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F27BAAB6C211F1DD5144CFEAAFAF5" authority="Lindsay & Grossmann & Montenegro & Morandini, 2023" authorityName="Lindsay & Grossmann & Montenegro & Morandini" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,363,1915,1942]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Ulmaridae" genus="Santjordia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pagesi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6C211F1DD5144CFEAAFAF5" bold="true" box="[151,363,1915,1942]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Santjordia pagesi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3150FB2AB6C211C1DD514A8FD22FC7E" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="539" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB05C39AB6C211F1DD514A8FED3FADA" blockId="5.[151,570,1915,2014]" box="[151,274,1951,1978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">
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(
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<figureCitation id="133440BCAB6C211F1DDD14A8FEC8FADA" box="[159,265,1951,1978]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="6.[152,255,1703,1727]" captionStartId-1="7.[152,255,1955,1979]" captionStartId-2="8.[152,255,1867,1891]" captionStartId-3="9.[152,255,677,701]" captionStartId-4="9.[152,255,1813,1837]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,741,1679]" captionTargetBox-1="[160,1427,1110,1923]" captionTargetBox-2="[158,1430,181,1843]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1427,181,654]" captionTargetBox-4="[151,1436,762,1790]" captionTargetId-0="figure-148@6.[151,1436,741,1679]" captionTargetId-1="figure-363@7.[151,1436,1101,1932]" captionTargetId-2="figure-20@8.[158,1430,181,1843]" captionTargetId-3="figure-17@9.[151,1436,181,654]" captionTargetId-4="figure-55@9.[151,1436,762,1790]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionTargetPageId-2="8" captionTargetPageId-3="9" captionTargetPageId-4="9" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. In situ images of the holotype of Santjordia pagesi gen. et sp. nov. Top left: aboral-lateral view; top right: lateral view; bottom left: oral-lateral view; bottom right: lateral view within the gate valve sampler on the ROV Hyper-Dolphin. Specimen size = 100 mm diameter." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Schematic diagram of Santjordia pagesi gen. et sp. nov. with morphological terminology." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Santjordia pagesi gen. et sp. nov. Holotype. a: photograph of lateral view of living specimen in the gate sampler; b: photograph of aboral view of living specimen in the gate sampler; c: sketch of lateral view of living specimen; d: sketch of aboral view of living specimen; e: sketch of portion of oral view of preserved specimen; f: close-up of adradial rhopalium of preserved specimen, showing exumbrella with cleft, statocyst and rhopaliar canal; g: close-up of oral arm of living specimen in the onboard aquarium, showing marginal papillae. Scale bar = 2 cm except f: scale bar = 1 mm." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Close-up photograph of subumbrella of preserved specimen of Santjordia pagesi gen. et sp. nov. holotype showing tentacle disposition. Sketch of subumbrella photograph, labelled with morphological characters. Scale bar = 1 mm." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. Photograph montage of a tentacle squash from the preserved specimen of Santjordia pagesi sp. nov. holotype showing nematocyst size and morphology. Scale bar = 10 µm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10159053" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10159056" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10159058" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10159060" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10159062" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10159053/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10159056/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10159058/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/10159060/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/10159062/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Figs. 1–5</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BB05C39AB6C211F1DD514F3FDFBFABD" blockId="5.[151,570,1915,2014]" box="[151,570,1987,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">New Japanese name: Sekijuujikurage</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB05C39AB6F211C1DD513A0FEDAFDD1" blockId="6.[151,283,151,177]" box="[151,283,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="539">
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<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6F211C1DD513A0FEDAFDD1" bold="true" box="[151,283,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="539">Synonymy</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB05C39AB6F211C1DD513E8FC8CFD9A" blockId="6.[151,845,223,286]" box="[151,845,223,250]" pageId="6" pageNumber="539">
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“
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F27BAAB6F211C1DE313E8FEDBFD99" authorityName="Haeckel, 1880 emend. Larson" authorityYear="1986" box="[161,282,223,249]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Ulmaridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="6" pageNumber="539" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Ulmaridae</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6F211C1C6313E8FE56FD99" bold="true" box="[289,407,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="539">gen. et sp.</emphasis>
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”
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9E21C8AB6F211C1CE813E8FD0FFD99" author="Kitamura, M. & Miyake, H. & Lindsay, D. J." box="[426,718,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="539" pagination="295 - 320" refId="ref9605" refString="Kitamura, M., Miyake, H. & Lindsay, D. J. (2008) Cnidaria. In: Fujikura, K., Okutani, T. & Maruyama, T. (Eds.), Deep-sea life - Biological observations using research submersibles. Tokai University Press, Kanagawa, 295 - 320." type="book chapter" year="2008">
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Kitamura
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<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6F211C1F5913D7FD92FD99" box="[539,595,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="539">et al.</emphasis>
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2008: 320
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</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 24.57.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB05C39AB6F211C1DD51234FD22FC7E" blockId="6.[151,845,223,286]" box="[151,739,259,286]" pageId="6" pageNumber="539">
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“
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F27BAAB6F211C1DE31234FEDBFC7D" authority="Lindsay & Grossmann & Montenegro & Morandini, 2023" authorityName="Lindsay & Grossmann & Montenegro & Morandini" authorityYear="2023" box="[161,282,259,285]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Ulmaridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="6" pageNumber="539" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family" status="gen. et sp. nov.">Ulmaridae</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6F211C1C631234FE0EFC7D" bold="true" box="[289,463,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="539">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2483D50AB6F211C1C631234FE0EFC7D" box="[289,463,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="539" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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”
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E21C8AB6F211C1CA01234FD1EFC7E" author="Hidaka, M. & Nishikawa, J. & Lindsay, D. J." box="[482,735,259,286]" pageId="6" pageNumber="539" pagination="40 - 58" refId="ref9447" refString="Hidaka, M., Nishikawa, J. & Lindsay, D. J. (2021) Gelatinous zooplankton community around a hydrothermally active deep-sea caldera: results from ROV video records. Plankton and Benthos Research, 16 (1), 40 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.3800 / pbr. 16.40" type="journal article" year="2021">
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Hidaka
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<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6F211C1F781233FDB2FC7D" box="[570,627,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="539">et al.</emphasis>
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2021: 52
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</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3150FB2AB6F211D1DD51258FAD1FDB5" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="540" pageId="6" pageNumber="539" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BB05C39AB6F211C1DD51258FEC8FCE9" blockId="6.[151,265,367,393]" box="[151,265,367,393]" pageId="6" pageNumber="539">
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<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6F211C1DD51258FEC8FCE9" bold="true" box="[151,265,367,393]" pageId="6" pageNumber="539">
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<typeStatus id="54B4E29BAB6F211C1DD51258FEC8FCE9" box="[151,265,367,393]" pageId="6" pageNumber="539" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB05C39AB6F211C1DD51280FC60FFAD" blockId="6.[151,1437,439,718]" pageId="6" pageNumber="539">
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<materialsCitation id="3B675664AB6F211C1DD51280FF2DFFC9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4443477302" collectingDate="2002-03-10" elevation="812" location="Izu-Ogasawara Islands south of the Japanese mainland" pageId="6" pageNumber="539" specimenCode="NSMT-Co-1800" specimenCount="1">
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<specimenCode id="DBA9F442AB6F211C1DD51280FE8CFCB1" box="[151,333,439,465]" pageId="6" pageNumber="539">NSMT-Co-1800</specimenCode>
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—
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captured by the ROV
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<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6F211C1E421280FC6AFCB1" box="[768,939,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="539">Hyper-Dolphin</emphasis>
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during Dive 84 on
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<collectingDate id="EFF58311AB6F211C19C31280FAEAFCB1" box="[1153,1323,439,465]" pageId="6" pageNumber="539" value="2002-03-10">10 March 2002</collectingDate>
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</date>
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at a depth of
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|
||
(temperature 10.2˚C, salinity 34.30, dissolved oxygen 2.8 ml/L, Sigma T 26.37) within the hydrothermally active Sumisu Caldera (31˚28’N 140˚04’E) in the
|
||
<location id="8ED00AE2AB6F211C1FA612C8FAA2FF79" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6ED2FAB6C21101DD5144CFC80FBF3:8ED00AE2AB6F211C1FA612C8FAA2FF79" box="[740,1379,511,538]" name="Izu-Ogasawara Islands south of the Japanese mainland" pageId="6" pageNumber="539">Izu-Ogasawara Islands south of the Japanese mainland</location>
|
||
. The reference video file (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6F211C1CC11113FE09FF5D" box="[387,456,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="539">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
) in the JAMSTEC High-quality Video Database is HPD0084-20020310-103457.9343- SHHD-Front-
|
||
<date id="FFB17AF9AB6F211C1C751170FEBDFF01" box="[311,380,583,609]" pageId="6" pageNumber="539" value="1920-10">1920x</date>
|
||
1080_HDCAM-1o4--NoImpose-Santjordia_pagesi-Dhugal_Lindsay-SEKIJUUJIKURAGE-812.9 m-20020310T013457.9343Z.mov and a transcoded “lightweight” version is accessible on Zenodo (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E21C8AB6F211C1802115CFF20FFC9" author="Lindsay, D. J." pageId="6" pageNumber="539" refId="ref10131" refString="Lindsay, D. J. (2022 a) In situ ROV video of Santjordia pagesi holotype specimen HD 84 GS 1 (DLSI 063). Dataset on Zenodo. [Zenodo version is H 264 transcoded] https: // doi. org / 10.5281 / zenodo. 6426355" type="book" year="2022">Lindsay 2022a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
Images taken in the shipboard laboratory within the gate sampler (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E21C8AB6F211C1E9E11B8FB47FFC9" author="Lindsay, D. J." box="[988,1158,655,681]" pageId="6" pageNumber="539" refId="ref10227" refString="Lindsay, D. J. (2022 c) Photographs in gate sampler of Santjordia pagesi holotype specimen HD 84 GS 1 (DLSI 063). Dataset on Zenodo. https: // doi. org / 10.5281 / zenodo. 6420570" type="book" year="2022">Lindsay 2022c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and microscope images of tentacle squashes (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E21C8AB6F211C1CC41184FDF0FFAD" author="Lindsay, D. J." box="[390,561,691,717]" pageId="6" pageNumber="539" refId="ref10271" refString="Lindsay, D. J. (2022 d) Photographs under microscope of Santjordia pagesi holotype specimen HD 84 GS 1 (DLSI 063) tentacle squashes. Dataset on Zenodo. https: // doi. org / 10.5281 / zenodo. 6424652" type="book" year="2022">Lindsay 2022d</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) are available online on Zenodo.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF700CB1AB6F211C1DDA1590FE3DFA67" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10159053" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10159053" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10159053/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="539" startId="6.[152,255,1703,1727]" targetBox="[151,1436,741,1679]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB05C39AB6F211C1DDA1590FE3DFA67" blockId="6.[151,1436,1703,1799]" pageId="6" pageNumber="539">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6F211C1DDA1590FED8FBDF" bold="true" box="[152,281,1703,1727]" pageId="6" pageNumber="539">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6F211C1C5D159FFEA1FBDF" box="[287,352,1704,1727]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="539">In situ</emphasis>
|
||
images of the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F27BAAB6F211C1F331590FCE2FBDF" authority="Lindsay & Grossmann & Montenegro & Morandini, 2023" authorityName="Lindsay & Grossmann & Montenegro & Morandini" authorityYear="2023" box="[625,803,1703,1727]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Ulmaridae" genus="Santjordia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="6" pageNumber="539" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pagesi" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6F211C1F331590FCE2FBDF" box="[625,803,1703,1727]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="539">Santjordia pagesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6F211C1E681590FC09FBDF" bold="true" box="[810,968,1703,1727]" pageId="6" pageNumber="539">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2483D50AB6F211C1E681590FC09FBDF" box="[810,968,1703,1727]" pageId="6" pageNumber="539" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Top left: aboral-lateral view; top right: lateral view; bottom left: oral-lateral view; bottom right: lateral view within the gate valve sampler on the ROV
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6F211C19BE15FCFA57FB83" box="[1276,1430,1739,1763]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="539">Hyper-Dolphin</emphasis>
|
||
. Specimen size = 100 mm diameter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB05C39AB6F211C1DD5146EFE97FA13" blockId="6.[151,342,1881,1907]" box="[151,342,1881,1907]" pageId="6" pageNumber="539">
|
||
<heading id="D0F8EB55AB6F211C1DD5146EFE97FA13" bold="true" box="[151,342,1881,1907]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="539" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6F211C1DD5146EFE97FA13" bold="true" box="[151,342,1881,1907]" pageId="6" pageNumber="539">Other Material</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB05C39AB6F211D1DD51495FAD1FDB5" blockId="6.[151,1436,1953,2016]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,150,213]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="540" pageId="6" pageNumber="539">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B675664AB6F211D1DD51495FAD1FDB5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4443477301" elevation="843" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="540" pageId="6" pageNumber="539" specimenCount="1">
|
||
A second
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0997B0AB6F211C1C451496FEB8FADB" box="[263,377,1953,1979]" pageId="6" pageNumber="539">individual</specimenCount>
|
||
was observed at
|
||
<quantity id="4CF7F1DCAB6F211C1F791495FD42FADC" box="[571,643,1954,1980]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.43" pageId="6" pageNumber="539" unit="m" value="843.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0022BB0AAB6F211C1F791495FD42FADC" box="[571,643,1954,1980]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.43" pageId="6" pageNumber="539" unit="m" value="843.0">843 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
depth (temperature 10.1˚C, salinity 34.35, dissolved oxygen 2.8 ml/L, Sigma T 26.43). The reference video file is HPD0084-20020310-105552-SHHD-Front-
|
||
<date id="FFB17AF9AB6F211C193014F2FB76FA80" box="[1138,1207,1989,2016]" pageId="6" pageNumber="539" value="1920-10">1920x</date>
|
||
1080_HDCAM-1o4- TC10555217to10561003DF-NoImpose-Santjordia_pagesi-Dhugal_Lindsay-SEKIJUUJIKURAGE----Santjordia_ pagesi_842.8m.mov and a transcoded “lightweight” version is accessible on Zenodo (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E21C8AB6E211D1915138CFAC5FDB5" author="Lindsay, D. J." box="[1111,1284,187,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="540" refId="ref10183" refString="Lindsay, D. J. (2022 b) In situ ROV video of Santjordia pagesi second individual. Dataset on Zenodo. [Zenodo version is H 264 transcoded] https: // doi. org / 10.5281 / zenodo. 6480798" type="journal volume" year="2022">Lindsay 2022b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3150FB2AB6E211D1DD51210FADFF955" pageId="7" pageNumber="540" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB05C39AB6E211D1DD51210FE63FC20" blockId="7.[151,418,294,321]" box="[151,418,294,321]" pageId="7" pageNumber="540">
|
||
<heading id="D0F8EB55AB6E211D1DD51210FE63FC20" bold="true" box="[151,418,294,321]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="540" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6E211D1DD51210FE63FC20" bold="true" box="[151,418,294,321]" pageId="7" pageNumber="540">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B4E29BAB6E211D1DD51210FEC8FC21" box="[151,265,295,321]" pageId="7" pageNumber="540" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
Description
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB05C39AB6E211D1DD51258FADFF955" blockId="7.[151,1437,367,1077]" pageId="7" pageNumber="540">
|
||
Umbrella hemispherical;
|
||
<quantity id="4CF7F1DCAB6E211D1CF01258FDCFFCE9" box="[434,526,367,393]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="540" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 mm</quantity>
|
||
diameter,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF7F1DCAB6E211D1FC01258FD11FCE9" box="[642,720,367,393]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="540" unit="mm" value="72.0">72 mm</quantity>
|
||
height; scattered with nematocysts; mesoglea thick, transparent. Margin cleft into 8 broad lobes (lappets). Eight rhopalia (4 perradial, 4 interradial) located in clefts at margin; 24 additional adradial rhopalia located on the subumbrellar surface but protruding through tear-drop-shaped perforations in the velar lobes (3 per octant) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133440BCAB6E211D1FD412ECFD1EFC95" box="[662,735,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1955,1979]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,1110,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-363@7.[151,1436,1101,1932]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Schematic diagram of Santjordia pagesi gen. et sp. nov. with morphological terminology." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10159056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10159056/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="540">Figs 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="133440BCAB6E211D1FA912ECFCC7FC95" box="[747,774,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[152,255,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,181,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-20@8.[158,1430,181,1843]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Santjordia pagesi gen. et sp. nov. Holotype. a: photograph of lateral view of living specimen in the gate sampler; b: photograph of aboral view of living specimen in the gate sampler; c: sketch of lateral view of living specimen; d: sketch of aboral view of living specimen; e: sketch of portion of oral view of preserved specimen; f: close-up of adradial rhopalium of preserved specimen, showing exumbrella with cleft, statocyst and rhopaliar canal; g: close-up of oral arm of living specimen in the onboard aquarium, showing marginal papillae. Scale bar = 2 cm except f: scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10159058" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10159058/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="540">3f</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tentacles subumbrellar; up to 60 per quadrant; located in pits in 2 rows along inner [proximal] and outer [distal] surfaces of ring canal; tentacle pits demarcated by rhopaliar canals and other less obvious subumbrellar gelatinous ridges; single tentacle at base of each adradial canal just proximal of where it joins ring canal, not in a pit; tentacle bases light pink when alive, cream in formalin. Tentacle nematocysts composed of small holotrichous a-isorhizas (average length 8.91±0.74 µm, average width 5.09±0.42 µm; range 7.3–11.0 µm×4.2–6.6 µm; n=95) and heterotrichous microbasic birhopaloids (average length 11.63±0.98 µm, average width 8.24±0.24 µm; range 10.0–12.6 µm×7.8–8.5 µm; n=10) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133440BCAB6E211D1EB21184FBF5FFAD" box="[1008,1076,690,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1813,1837]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,762,1790]" captionTargetId="figure-55@9.[151,1436,762,1790]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Photograph montage of a tentacle squash from the preserved specimen of Santjordia pagesi sp. nov. holotype showing nematocyst size and morphology. Scale bar = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10159062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10159062/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="540">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). Subumbrellar musculature not discernible. Subgenital ostia absent. Manubrium height equal to or slightly greater than bell radius; surrounded by thick transparent mesoglea with inner surface red-pigmented. Four V-shaped oral arms; bases fused and following outline of cross-shaped stomach; tips protruding below umbrella rim; with transparent papillae on tips and inner edges, thick transparent mesoglea extends to distalmost ends of oral arms, inner surfaces red-pigmented. Central stomach cross-shaped, red when alive, dark brown in formalin; gastric cirri in 4 pairs of perradial groups, whitish in live specimen; radial canals simple, not anastomosing, similar width throughout length, connected by a ring canal located ~1/3 bell radius away from margin; short rhopaliar canals emanating from ring canal to all sense organs; 4 perradial canals, one each emanating from centre of distal tips of stomach base; 4 interradial canals, one each emanating from centre of stomach base; 8 adradial canals, two each emanating from distal tips of stomach base, one at each corner, not in direct communication with perradial or interradial canals. Gonads not recognized.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF700CB1AB6E211D1DDA1494FB6EFADC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10159056" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10159056" box="[152,1199,1955,1980]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10159056/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="540" startId="7.[152,255,1955,1979]" targetBox="[160,1427,1110,1923]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB05C39AB6E211D1DDA1494FB6EFADC" blockId="7.[152,1199,1955,1980]" box="[152,1199,1955,1980]" pageId="7" pageNumber="540">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6E211D1DDA1494FED9FADC" bold="true" box="[152,280,1955,1980]" pageId="7" pageNumber="540">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Schematic diagram of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F27BAAB6E211D1F411493FD77FADB" authority="Lindsay & Grossmann & Montenegro & Morandini, 2023" authorityName="Lindsay & Grossmann & Montenegro & Morandini" authorityYear="2023" box="[515,694,1956,1980]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Ulmaridae" genus="Santjordia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="7" pageNumber="540" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pagesi" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6E211D1F411493FD77FADB" box="[515,694,1956,1980]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="540">Santjordia pagesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6E211D1FFE1493FC98FADC" bold="true" box="[700,857,1956,1980]" pageId="7" pageNumber="540">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2483D50AB6E211D1FFE1493FC98FADC" box="[700,857,1956,1980]" pageId="7" pageNumber="540" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
with morphological terminology.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF700CB1AB6121121DDA147CFBA1FA93" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10159058" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10159058" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10159058/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="541" startId="8.[152,255,1867,1891]" targetBox="[158,1430,181,1843]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB05C39AB6121121DDA147CFBA1FA93" blockId="8.[151,1436,1867,2036]" pageId="8" pageNumber="541">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6121121DDA147CFED9FA03" bold="true" box="[152,280,1867,1891]" pageId="8" pageNumber="541">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F27BAAB6121121C5D147CFE10FA03" authority="Lindsay & Grossmann & Montenegro & Morandini, 2023" authorityName="Lindsay & Grossmann & Montenegro & Morandini" authorityYear="2023" box="[287,465,1867,1891]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Ulmaridae" genus="Santjordia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="8" pageNumber="541" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pagesi" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6121121C5D147CFE10FA03" box="[287,465,1867,1891]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="541">Santjordia pagesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6121121C9A147BFDB4FA04" bold="true" box="[472,629,1868,1892]" pageId="8" pageNumber="541">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2483D50AB6121121C9A147BFDB4FA04" box="[472,629,1868,1892]" pageId="8" pageNumber="541" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype. a: photograph of lateral view of living specimen in the gate sampler; b: photograph of aboral view of living specimen in the gate sampler; c: sketch of lateral view of living specimen; d: sketch of aboral view of living specimen; e: sketch of portion of oral view of preserved specimen; f: close-up of adradial rhopalium of preserved specimen, showing exumbrella with cleft, statocyst and rhopaliar canal; g: close-up of oral arm of living specimen in the onboard aquarium, showing marginal papillae. Scale bar = 2 cm except f: scale bar = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF700CB1AB6021131DDA1192FAE5FF81" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10159060" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10159060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10159060/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="542" startId="9.[152,255,677,701]" targetBox="[151,1427,181,654]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB05C39AB6021131DDA1192FAE5FF81" blockId="9.[151,1436,677,738]" pageId="9" pageNumber="542">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6021131DDA1192FED6FFDD" bold="true" box="[152,279,677,701]" pageId="9" pageNumber="542">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Close-up photograph of subumbrella of preserved specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F27BAAB6021131ED11191FB85FFDD" authority="Lindsay & Grossmann & Montenegro & Morandini, 2023" authorityName="Lindsay & Grossmann & Montenegro & Morandini" authorityYear="2023" box="[915,1092,678,702]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Ulmaridae" genus="Santjordia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="9" pageNumber="542" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pagesi" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6021131ED11191FB85FFDD" box="[915,1092,678,702]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="542">Santjordia pagesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB602113190B1191FB22FFDE" bold="true" box="[1097,1251,678,702]" pageId="9" pageNumber="542">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2483D50AB602113190B1191FB22FFDE" box="[1097,1251,678,702]" pageId="9" pageNumber="542" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
holotype showing tentacle disposition. Sketch of subumbrella photograph, labelled with morphological characters. Scale bar = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF700CB1AB6021131DDA1422FCCFFA32" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10159062" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10159062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10159062/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="542" startId="9.[152,255,1813,1837]" targetBox="[151,1436,762,1790]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB05C39AB6021131DDA1422FCCFFA32" blockId="9.[151,1437,1813,1874]" pageId="9" pageNumber="542">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6021131DDA1422FEDAFA4E" bold="true" box="[152,283,1813,1838]" pageId="9" pageNumber="542">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Photograph montage of a tentacle squash from the preserved specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F27BAAB60211319681421FB1EFA4D" authority="Lindsay & Grossmann & Montenegro & Morandini, 2023" authorityName="Lindsay & Grossmann & Montenegro & Morandini" authorityYear="2023" box="[1066,1247,1814,1838]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Ulmaridae" genus="Santjordia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="9" pageNumber="542" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pagesi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB60211319681421FB1EFA4D" box="[1066,1247,1814,1838]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="542">Santjordia pagesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB60211319AA1421FAFBFA4E" bold="true" box="[1256,1338,1814,1838]" pageId="9" pageNumber="542">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2483D50AB60211319AA1421FAFBFA4E" box="[1256,1338,1814,1838]" pageId="9" pageNumber="542" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
holotype showing nematocyst size and morphology. Scale bar = 10 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3150FB2AB6321101DD513A0FCFAFC7E" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB05C39AB6321101DD513A0FEDFFDD1" blockId="10.[151,286,151,177]" box="[151,286,151,177]" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<heading id="D0F8EB55AB6321101DD513A0FEDFFDD1" bold="true" box="[151,286,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6321101DD513A0FEDFFDD1" bold="true" box="[151,286,151,177]" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB05C39AB6321101DD513E8FCFAFC7E" blockId="10.[151,1437,223,286]" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">The species name is in honour of Dr. Francesc Pagès, who hosted the first author during his sabbatical in Barcelona and introduced him to the intricacies of cnidarian taxonomy.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3150FB2AB6321101DD51258FC80FBF3" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB05C39AB6321101DD51258FE60FCE9" blockId="10.[151,417,367,393]" box="[151,417,367,393]" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<heading id="D0F8EB55AB6321101DD51258FE60FCE9" bold="true" box="[151,417,367,393]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6321101DD51258FE60FCE9" bold="true" box="[151,417,367,393]" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">Molecular Phylogeny</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB05C39AB6321101DD51287FC52FEA2" blockId="10.[151,1437,432,963]" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">
|
||
The analysis of sequences of the mitochondrial 16S gene using maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian methods gave congruent tree topologies (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133440BCAB6321101F4312E3FD87FC8E" box="[513,582,468,494]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[152,255,1470,1494]" captionTargetBox="[152,1424,183,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[151,1435,181,1446]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. Phylogenetic reconstruction based on the 16S-rDNA region for Scyphozoa. Values at nodes indicate ML bootstrap support>50%, and solid circles represent Bayesian probabilities>0.95." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10159064" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10159064/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). Robust support was evident for the semaeostome clades
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F27BAAB632110199812E3FA5DFC8E" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1880" box="[1242,1436,468,494]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Drymonematidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Drymonematidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F27BAAB6321101D8412CFFEFEFF72" authorityName="Agassiz" authorityYear="1862" box="[198,319,504,530]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Cyaneidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Cyaneidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and for another clade including the ulmarid subfamilies Poraliinae and a member of the Ulmarinae, but also including the recently erected family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F27BAAB6321101FD7112BFC9AFF56" box="[661,859,540,566]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Phacellophoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Phacellophoridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In fact, higher support was evident for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F27BAAB6321101857112BFEE0FF3A" authority="(Ulmarinae)" baseAuthorityName="Ulmarinae" class="Scyphozoa" family="Ulmaridae" genus="Diplulmaris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6321101857112BFA5DFF56" box="[1301,1436,540,566]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">Diplulmaris</emphasis>
|
||
(Ulmarinae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F27BAAB6321101C231177FDC6FF3A" authorityName="Brandt" authorityYear="1835" box="[353,519,576,602]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Phacellophoridae" genus="Phacellophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6321101C231177FDC6FF3A" box="[353,519,576,602]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">Phacellophora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F27BAAB6321101F591177FD20FF3A" box="[539,737,576,602]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Phacellophoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Phacellophoridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) being more closely related to each other than for a close relationship between some of the ulmarid genera investigated. Somewhat surprisingly, there was reasonable support for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F27BAAB6321101DFF11BFFE40FFC2" authority="Lindsay & Grossmann & Montenegro & Morandini, 2023" authorityName="Lindsay & Grossmann & Montenegro & Morandini" authorityYear="2023" box="[189,385,648,674]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Ulmaridae" genus="Santjordia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pagesi" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6321101DFF11BFFE40FFC2" box="[189,385,648,674]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">Santjordia pagesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6321101CC511BEFDF0FFC3" bold="true" box="[391,561,649,675]" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2483D50AB6321101CC511BEFDF0FFC3" box="[391,561,649,675]" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
belonging to a sister group to a clade including the ulmarid subfamilies lacking marginal tentacles—Stygiomedusinae +
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F27BAAB6321101F24119BFD37FFA6" authority="Lindsay & Grossmann & Montenegro & Morandini, 2023" authorityName="Lindsay & Grossmann & Montenegro & Morandini" authorityYear="2023" box="[614,758,684,710]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Ulmaridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="10" pageNumber="550" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Tiburoniinae">Tiburoniinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
+
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F27BAAB6321101E5A119BFC77FFA6" authorityName="Russell" authorityYear="1967" box="[792,950,684,710]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Ulmaridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Deepstariinae">Deepstariinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A BLAST search for the COXI sequence returned a maximum percentage identity of 82.62% with a query cover of 95% matched with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F27BAAB632110199511E7FA54FF8A" authorityName="von Lendenfeld" authorityYear="1884" box="[1239,1429,720,746]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Ulmaridae" genus="Aurelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="coerulea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB632110199511E7FA54FF8A" box="[1239,1429,720,746]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">Aurelia coerulea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with the next closest match being
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F27BAAB6321101F5F11C3FC8AFE6E" authorityName="Kishinouye" authorityYear="1891" box="[541,843,756,782]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Rhizostomatidae" genus="Rhopilema" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhizostomeae" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="esculentum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6321101F5F11C3FD57FE6E" box="[541,662,756,782]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">Rhopilema</emphasis>
|
||
aff.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6321101F8F11C3FC8AFE6E" box="[717,843,756,782]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">esculentum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at 82.21% and 97%, respectively. These low values are indicative of the COXI marker not being suitable for resolving higher phylogenies and further analysis was not attempted. Sequences determined in the present study have been registered on GenBank under accession numbers ON391151-ON391163 for 16S and ON496462 for the single COXI sequence, belonging to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F27BAAB63211019DC1057FAA5FE1A" authority="Lindsay & Grossmann & Montenegro & Morandini, 2023" authorityName="Lindsay & Grossmann & Montenegro & Morandini" authorityYear="2023" box="[1182,1380,864,890]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Ulmaridae" genus="Santjordia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pagesi" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB63211019DC1057FAA5FE1A" box="[1182,1380,864,890]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">Santjordia pagesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB63211018291056FECAFEFF" bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2483D50AB63211018291056FECAFEFF" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
All sequences used in the molecular analysis are listed in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C68D6982AB6321101EC510B3FC25FEFF" box="[903,996,900,927]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,244,480,506]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1. Scyphozoan specimens examined morphologically and sequenced (16S) for the present work." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF700CB1AB6B21181DD512D7FB3CFC9A" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" tableUuid="DF700CB1AB6B21181DD512D7FB3CFC9A">Tables 1</tableCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<tableCitation id="C68D6982AB632110195A10B2FBE8FEFF" box="[1048,1065,901,927]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="3.[152,245,152,176]" captionTargetBox="[166,1415,204,1070]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="TABLE 2. Scyphozoan sequences of the 16S-rDNA mitochondrial gene downloaded from GenBank." pageId="10" pageNumber="543">2</tableCitation>
|
||
. Images of sequenced specimens, where available, are available online on Zenodo (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E21C8AB6321101FFD109FFCA8FEA2" author="Lindsay, D. J." box="[703,873,936,962]" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" refId="ref10131" refString="Lindsay, D. J. (2022 a) In situ ROV video of Santjordia pagesi holotype specimen HD 84 GS 1 (DLSI 063). Dataset on Zenodo. [Zenodo version is H 264 transcoded] https: // doi. org / 10.5281 / zenodo. 6426355" type="book" year="2022">Lindsay 2022a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
–k).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB05C39AB6321101DD5170EFEC8F933" blockId="10.[151,265,1081,1107]" box="[151,265,1081,1107]" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<heading id="D0F8EB55AB6321101DD5170EFEC8F933" bold="true" box="[151,265,1081,1107]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6321101DD5170EFEC8F933" bold="true" box="[151,265,1081,1107]" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB05C39AB6321101DD517B7FC80FBF3" blockId="10.[151,1437,1152,1683]" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">
|
||
The medusa was swimming upwards at a pulse rate of 0.4 Hz at a depth of
|
||
<quantity id="4CF7F1DCAB6321101EAF17B6FBF4F9FB" box="[1005,1077,1153,1179]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.12" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" unit="m" value="812.0">812 m</quantity>
|
||
and an altitude of
|
||
<quantity id="4CF7F1DCAB632110184817B6FA93F9FB" box="[1290,1362,1153,1179]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.01" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" unit="m" value="101.0">101 m</quantity>
|
||
above the bottom. Only two individuals were observed over 91 minutes of observation time during descent below the caldera rim at
|
||
<quantity id="4CF7F1DCAB6321101C7617FEFEBBF983" box="[308,378,1225,1251]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
|
||
depth inside the Sumisu Caldera, and no individuals were observed during a second dive during descent to a maximum depth of
|
||
<quantity id="4CF7F1DCAB6321101F4517DAFD91F867" box="[519,592,1261,1287]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.93" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" unit="m" value="893.0">893 m</quantity>
|
||
above the outer wall slope of the caldera on the previous day (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B3AFEAB632110186017D9FA56F869" box="[1314,1431,1262,1289]" degrees="31" direction="north" minutes="29.1" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" precision="92" value="31.485">31°29.1′N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B3AFEAB6321101DD51625FED9F84D" box="[151,280,1298,1325]" degrees="140" direction="east" minutes="09.3" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" precision="92" value="140.155">140°09.3′E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; total observation time below
|
||
<quantity id="4CF7F1DCAB6321101F381626FD09F84B" box="[634,712,1297,1323]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
|
||
: 115 min). Compared to environmental parameters outside the caldera in the open ocean, temperature at
|
||
<quantity id="4CF7F1DCAB6321101F331602FD78F82F" box="[625,697,1333,1359]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.12" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" unit="m" value="812.0">812 m</quantity>
|
||
depth was elevated within the caldera (10.2˚C vs 5.5 ˚C), as was the dissolved oxygen concentration (2.8 ml/L vs 1.7 ml/L). The oceanographic environment within the Sumisu Caldera is described and discussed in more detail by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E21C8AB6321101FB9164BFC27F8F7" author="Hidaka, M. & Nishikawa, J. & Lindsay, D. J." box="[763,998,1404,1431]" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" pagination="40 - 58" refId="ref9447" refString="Hidaka, M., Nishikawa, J. & Lindsay, D. J. (2021) Gelatinous zooplankton community around a hydrothermally active deep-sea caldera: results from ROV video records. Plankton and Benthos Research, 16 (1), 40 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.3800 / pbr. 16.40" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Hidaka
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6321101E17164AFC4EF8F6" box="[853,911,1404,1430]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2021)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The caldera wall around this depth is comprised of monomictic lava breccia, coherent facies or talus blocks, while most of the caldera floor is covered with pumiceous sand and pebbles with some lobes of coarser debris (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E21C8AB6321101ED416F3FB8BF8BF" author="Tani, K. & Fiske, R. S. & Tamura, Y. & Kido, Y. & Naka, J. & Shukuno, H. & Takeuchi, R." box="[918,1098,1476,1503]" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" pagination="547 - 562" refId="ref11609" refString="Tani, K., Fiske, R. S., Tamura, Y., Kido, Y., Naka, J., Shukuno, H. & Takeuchi, R. (2008) Sumisu volcano, Izu-Bonin arc, Japan: site of a silicic caldera-forming eruption from a small open-ocean island. Bulletin of Volcanology, 70, 547 - 562. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00445 - 007 - 0153 - 2" type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Tani
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6321101E8D16F2FBC1F8BE" box="[975,1024,1476,1502]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Other organisms observed in the same depth layer as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F27BAAB6321101CDD16DFFDA5FB62" authority="Lindsay & Grossmann & Montenegro & Morandini, 2023" authorityName="Lindsay & Grossmann & Montenegro & Morandini" authorityYear="2023" box="[415,612,1512,1538]" class="Scyphozoa" family="Ulmaridae" genus="Santjordia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Semaeostomeae" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pagesi" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6321101CDD16DFFDA5FB62" box="[415,612,1512,1538]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">Santjordia pagesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6321101F2816DEFCD7FB63" bold="true" box="[618,790,1513,1539]" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2483D50AB6321101F2816DEFCD7FB63" box="[618,790,1513,1539]" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
included the calycophoran siphonophore
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F27BAAB63211019A516DFFA5DFB63" box="[1255,1436,1512,1539]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Clausophyidae" genus="Clausophyes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonophorae" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB63211019A516DFFAB7FB62" box="[1255,1398,1512,1538]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">Clausophyes</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E21C8AB6321101D89153BFE5FFB47" author="Hidaka, M. & Nishikawa, J. & Lindsay, D. J." box="[203,414,1548,1575]" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" pagination="40 - 58" refId="ref9447" refString="Hidaka, M., Nishikawa, J. & Lindsay, D. J. (2021) Gelatinous zooplankton community around a hydrothermally active deep-sea caldera: results from ROV video records. Plankton and Benthos Research, 16 (1), 40 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.3800 / pbr. 16.40" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Hidaka
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6321101C61153AFE9AFB46" box="[291,347,1548,1574]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), pyrosomes (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F27BAAB6321101F7B153BFD20FB46" authorityName="Lahille" authorityYear="1888" box="[569,737,1548,1574]" class="Thaliacea" family="Pyrosomatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pyrosomatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Pyrosomatidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp.) (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E21C8AB6321101E18153BFBECFB47" author="Hidaka, M. & Nishikawa, J. & Lindsay, D. J." box="[858,1069,1548,1575]" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" pagination="40 - 58" refId="ref9447" refString="Hidaka, M., Nishikawa, J. & Lindsay, D. J. (2021) Gelatinous zooplankton community around a hydrothermally active deep-sea caldera: results from ROV video records. Plankton and Benthos Research, 16 (1), 40 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.3800 / pbr. 16.40" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Hidaka
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6321101EF0153AFC2BFB46" box="[946,1002,1548,1574]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), euphausiids, sergestid shrimps, the hyperiid amphipod
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F27BAAB6321101CE71507FD44FB2A" baseAuthorityName="Risso" baseAuthorityYear="1816" box="[421,645,1584,1610]" class="Malacostraca" family="Platyscelidae" genus="Platyscelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ovoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6321101CE71507FD44FB2A" box="[421,645,1584,1610]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">Platyscelus ovoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a presently undescribed species of lobate ctenophore with vestigial auricles (Undescribed Lobata “No auricles” of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E21C8AB6321101FED1563FC47FB0F" author="Hidaka, M. & Nishikawa, J. & Lindsay, D. J." box="[687,902,1620,1647]" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" pagination="40 - 58" refId="ref9447" refString="Hidaka, M., Nishikawa, J. & Lindsay, D. J. (2021) Gelatinous zooplankton community around a hydrothermally active deep-sea caldera: results from ROV video records. Plankton and Benthos Research, 16 (1), 40 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.3800 / pbr. 16.40" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Hidaka
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6321101E4A1562FC83FB0E" box="[776,834,1620,1646]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and cydippid larvae of at least one species of lobate ctenophore (“Cydippid larvae” of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E21C8AB6321101F23154FFCF5FBF3" author="Hidaka, M. & Nishikawa, J. & Lindsay, D. J." box="[609,820,1656,1683]" pageId="10" pageNumber="543" pagination="40 - 58" refId="ref9447" refString="Hidaka, M., Nishikawa, J. & Lindsay, D. J. (2021) Gelatinous zooplankton community around a hydrothermally active deep-sea caldera: results from ROV video records. Plankton and Benthos Research, 16 (1), 40 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.3800 / pbr. 16.40" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Hidaka
|
||
<emphasis id="B97B802BAB6321101FFB154EFD30FBF2" box="[697,753,1656,1682]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="543">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |