222 lines
20 KiB
XML
222 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594" ID-GBIF-Dataset="adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458594" approvalRequired="120" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="95" approvalRequired_for_treatments="25" checkinTime="1600878147105" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03A687BCFFF6FFF61341F600F8F7FA1D" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Phyllostomidae_444.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Vampyriscus bidens" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="555" masterDocId="FF9FFFC4FFB1FFB1133CFFBAFFE0F244" masterDocTitle="Phyllostomidae" masterLastPageNumber="583" masterPageNumber="444" pageNumber="555" updateTime="1656353518553" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phyllostomidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>444</mods:start>
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<mods:end>583</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6458594</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6760851" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6760851" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A687BCFFF6FFF61341F600F8F7FA1D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A687BCFFF6FFF61341F600F8F7FA1D" lastPageNumber="555" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">
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<subSubSection box="[125,205,2490,2532]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555" type="multiple">
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||
<paragraph blockId="71.[121,1192,2487,2576]" box="[125,205,2490,2532]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">
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||
<heading box="[125,205,2490,2532]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">
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||
<figureCitation box="[125,205,2490,2532]" captionStart="Plate 42: Phyllostomidae" captionStartId="69.[132,162,3301,3326]" captionTargetBox="[19,2765,12,3653]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="143. Guadeloupean Big-eyed Bat (Charoderma tmprovisum), 144. Little Big-eyed Bat (Charoderma trinitatum), 145. Salvin’s Big-eyed Bat (Chiroderma salvini), 146. Hairy Big-eyed Bat (Chiroderma villosum), 147. Brazilian Big-eyed Bat (Chiroderma doriae), 148. Vizotto’s Big-eyed Bat (Chiroderma vizottoi), 149. Bidentate Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyriscus bidens), 150. Brock’s Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyriscus brocki), 151. Striped Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyriscus nymphaea), 152. Baker’s Tent-making Bat (Uroderma bakeri), 153. Common Tent-making Bat (Uroderma bilobatum), 154. Pacific Tent-making Bat (Uroderma convexum), 155. Davis’s Tent-making Bat (Uroderma dauvisi), 156. Brown Tent-making Bat (Uroderma magnirostrum), 157. Kalko’s Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyressa elisabethae), 158. Melissa’s Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyressa melissa), 159. Quechuan Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyressa sinchi), 160. Northern Little Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyressa thyone), 161. Southern Little Yellow-eared Bat (Vampyressa pusilla), 162. MacConnell’s Bat (Mesophylla macconnelli), 163. Caracciolo’s Stripe-faced Bat (Vampyrodes caraccioli), 164. Great Stripe-faced Bat (Vampyrodes major)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6459035" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6459035/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">149.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[222,781,2490,2532]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="71.[121,1192,2487,2576]" box="[222,781,2490,2532]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">
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<heading box="[222,781,2490,2532]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">
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<vernacularName box="[222,781,2490,2532]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Bidentate Yellow-eared Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[835,1191,2487,2533]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="71.[121,1192,2487,2576]" box="[835,1191,2487,2533]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">
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<heading box="[835,1191,2487,2533]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Dobson" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[835,1191,2487,2533]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Vampyriscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="555" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bidens">
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<emphasis box="[835,1191,2487,2533]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Vampyriscus bidens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[122,1166,2550,2571]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="71.[121,1192,2487,2576]" box="[122,1166,2550,2571]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">
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<heading box="[122,1166,2550,2571]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[122,198,2550,2571]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[204,421,2550,2571]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Vampyresse bidentée</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[442,533,2550,2571]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[542,861,2550,2571]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Zweizahn-Gelbohrenfledermaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[882,973,2550,2571]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[980,1083,2550,2571]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Vampiresa</vernacularName>
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bidente
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="71" pageNumber="555" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="71.[735,1330,2621,3044]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[735,891,2621,2650]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Dobson, 1878" authorityName="Dobson" authorityYear="1878" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Chiroderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="555" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bidens">Chiroderma bidens Dobson, 1878</taxonomicName>
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,
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<materialsCitation pageId="71" pageNumber="555">
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“Huallaga.” Identified by R. L.. Peterson in 1968 as Rio Huallaga, and restrict ed by D. C. Carter and P. G. Dolan in 1978 to Santa Cruz, Rio Huallaga,
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<collectingRegion box="[1140,1237,2779,2808]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Loreto</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1252,1320,2779,2808]" name="Peru" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Peru</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="71" pageNumber="555" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="71.[735,1330,2621,3044]" lastBlockId="71.[121,1327,3051,3478]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">
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<taxonomicName box="[740,989,2814,2847]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Vampyriscus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="555" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bidens">Vampyriscus bidens</taxonomicName>
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is the type species of the genus, which was first proposed as a subgenus of Vampyrops (=
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<taxonomicName box="[1110,1270,2893,2926]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Platyrrhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="555" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Platyrrhinus</taxonomicName>
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) by O. Thomas in 1900. Its distinction as a valid genus, distinct from
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<taxonomicName box="[1078,1219,2972,3005]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Vampyressa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="555" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Vampyressa</taxonomicName>
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, comes from molecular and morphological analyses. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="71" pageNumber="555" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458902" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458902" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6458902/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="555" targetBox="[121,712,2631,3045]" targetPageId="71">
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<paragraph blockId="71.[121,1327,3051,3478]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[122,298,3094,3123]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Amazonian Basin and Guianan Shield in
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<collectingCountry box="[886,1023,3094,3123]" name="Colombia" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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E of Andes,
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<collectingCountry name="Venezuela" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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, the Guianas, E
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<collectingCountry box="[378,495,3134,3163]" name="Ecuador" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[511,578,3134,3163]" name="Peru" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Peru</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[595,676,3134,3163]" name="Brazil" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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, and N & C
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<collectingCountry box="[851,948,3134,3163]" name="Bolivia" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="71" pageNumber="555" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="71.[121,1327,3051,3478]" lastBlockId="71.[1396,2608,289,2141]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[122,379,3173,3202]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 55-60 mm (males) and 50-59 mm (females), tailless, ear 14-18 mm (males) and 11-18 mm (females), hindfoot 9-11 mm (males) and 8-11 mm (females), forearm 35-6-37 mm (males) and 34-9-37-1 mm (females); weight 11-12 mm (males) and 11:7-13 mm (females). Greatest lengths of skulls are 19:9-20-3 mm (males) and 19-6-20-2 mm (females). Female Bidentate Yellow-eared Bats are slightly larger than males. Dorsal pelage ranges from dark chocolate to medium or pale brown. Fur on neck and upper back is paler than fur on lower back. Venter is paler than dorsum. There are two pairs of well-defined bright dorso-medial and ventrolateral facial stripes, and bright white stripe crosses dorsum in midline, extending from posterior head to posterior end of body. Ear pinna is edged with bright yellow margin, which is interrupted in dorso-lateral part of ear pinna. Lateral attachment of tragus has developed gland-like structure that is often swollen and hirsute. Noseleafis bicolored, with most of horseshoe and lateral flap of lancet pale, generally yellow, but column of centralrib is brown. Uropatagium is hairless or has only sparse hair, and itis deeply notched. Nasal bones are short and bowed anteroposteriorly, occupying about one-half of rostrum, and lateral maxilla is compressed at level of premolars. Basisphenoid pits are narrow and shallow. I' approaches the form of an elongated cylinder that can be bilobed or not (when bilobed notch is shallow), and its tip converges medially. I* is much smaller and peg-like and has minute posteromedial cusp. P, is blade-like. One lowerincisoris present, rarely two. There is a slender cusp-like projection arising from posterolateral part of cingulum of P*. Minute peg-like M, is generally present. Dental formulais12/1,C1/1,P2/2,M 2/3 (
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<date box="[2039,2073,806,835]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">x2</date>
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) = 28, although some polymorphisms have been reported in number of incisors (some individuals with two in each ramus of the mandible) and presence/absence of a M, (some individuals withoutit). Chromosomal complement has 2n = 26 and FN = 48, which is the same as one of its congeners, the Striped Yellow-eared Bat (V.
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<taxonomicName box="[1862,1996,960,993]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Vampyriscus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="555" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nymphaea">nymphaea</taxonomicName>
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). The three species of
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<taxonomicName box="[2325,2478,960,993]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Vampyriscus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="555" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Vampyriscus</taxonomicName>
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have entirely biarmed autosomal complements.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="71" pageNumber="555" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="71.[1396,2608,289,2141]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1398,1509,1039,1072]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Well-preserved tropical humid forests (
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<collectingCountry box="[2072,2217,1039,1072]" name="Venezuela" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry box="[2291,2377,1039,1072]" name="Brazil" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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), preserved and disturbed forested habitats (
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<collectingCountry box="[1806,1878,1083,1112]" name="Peru" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Peru</collectingCountry>
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), and savanna on the edge of a forest (
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<collectingCountry box="[2452,2591,1083,1112]" name="Suriname" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Suriname</collectingCountry>
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) at elevations of 200-1000 m. Although the Bidentate Yellow-eared Bat often occurs in low densities in the Guianas and central and eastern Amazonia, there are reports that it was one of the most abundant locally recorded species of bats in Mishana, northern
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<collectingCountry box="[1398,1465,1236,1269]" name="Peru" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Peru</collectingCountry>
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, and near the Aripuana River,
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<collectingCountry box="[1902,1984,1236,1269]" name="Brazil" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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. It has been captured in large numbers in a flyway near a house and in a place with fruit trees such as
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<taxonomicName box="[2198,2265,1275,1308]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="71" pageNumber="555" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Ficus</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName box="[2285,2430,1275,1308]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="71" pageNumber="555" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Moraceae</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName box="[2455,2515,1275,1308]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="71" pageNumber="555" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Inga</taxonomicName>
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marginata (
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<taxonomicName box="[1479,1616,1319,1348]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="71" pageNumber="555" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
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), and
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<taxonomicName box="[1704,1837,1319,1348]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Urticaceae" genus="Pourouma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="71" pageNumber="555" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Pourouma</taxonomicName>
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cecropiaefolia (
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<taxonomicName box="[2032,2185,1319,1348]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Urticaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="71" pageNumber="555" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Urticaceae</taxonomicName>
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) at Mishana,
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<collectingCountry box="[2379,2447,1319,1348]" name="Peru" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Peru</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="71" pageNumber="555" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="71.[1396,2608,289,2141]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1398,1673,1354,1387]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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The Bidentate Yellow-eared Bat eats fruit. Seeds of
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<taxonomicName box="[2463,2531,1354,1387]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Piperaceae" genus="Piper" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="71" pageNumber="555" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Piper</taxonomicName>
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spp. (
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<taxonomicName box="[1411,1567,1398,1427]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Piperaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="71" pageNumber="555" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Piperaceae</taxonomicName>
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) have been found in fecal samples from Central Amazonia.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="71" pageNumber="555" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="71.[1396,2608,289,2141]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1398,1533,1433,1466]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Breeding.</emphasis>
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Several pregnant Bidentate Yellow-eared Bats have been reported in October-November and December in
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<collectingCountry box="[1882,1950,1472,1505]" name="Peru" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Peru</collectingCountry>
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. In Central Amazonia, a pregnant female was captured in February, and lactating females were captured in April andJune. In the region of middle Madeira and Aripuana rivers, central western Amazonian
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<collectingCountry box="[2421,2503,1551,1584]" name="Brazil" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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, ¢.87% of females captured (n = 90) were pregnant in September, and 83% were lactating in April-May. One pregnant female was captured in
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<collectingCountry box="[2121,2256,1630,1663]" name="Suriname" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Suriname</collectingCountry>
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in August, and another was taken in September in
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<collectingCountry box="[1778,1875,1670,1703]" name="Bolivia" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="71" pageNumber="555" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="71.[1396,2608,289,2141]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1396,1632,1709,1742]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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The Bidentate Yellow-eared Bat has been reported to fly more often at dusk, but it might fly up until dawn and rarely in early morning, according to observations of Peruvian populations.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="71" pageNumber="555" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="71.[1396,2608,289,2141]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1398,2097,1827,1860]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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The Bidentate Yellow-eared Bat has been reported to share a water hole with many other stenodermatines and a Lowland Tapir (Tapirus terrestris) in
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<collectingCountry box="[1765,1912,1907,1940]" name="Venezuela" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="71" pageNumber="555" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="71.[1396,2608,289,2141]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1398,1745,1946,1979]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Bidentate Yellow-eared Bat has a large distribution and seems common at some localities.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="71" pageNumber="555" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="71.[1396,2608,289,2141]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1399,1551,2034,2059]" pageId="71" pageNumber="555">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Arroyo-Cabrales (2008c), Bernard (2002), Bobrowiec (2007), Carter & Dolan (1978), Davis & Dixon (1976), Gardner (1977a), Honeycutt et al. (1980), Hoofer & Baker (2006), Lee et al. (2001), Peterson (1968), Tavares (2008), Thomas (1900).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |