198 lines
18 KiB
XML
198 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594" ID-GBIF-Dataset="adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458594" approvalRequired="120" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="95" approvalRequired_for_treatments="25" checkinTime="1600878147105" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03A687BCFFA9FFA81692F755FD59F459" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Phyllostomidae_444.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Mimon bennettii" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="509" masterDocId="FF9FFFC4FFB1FFB1133CFFBAFFE0F244" masterDocTitle="Phyllostomidae" masterLastPageNumber="583" masterPageNumber="444" pageNumber="508" updateTime="1656353518553" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phyllostomidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>444</mods:start>
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<mods:end>583</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6458594</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6727104" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6727104" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A687BCFFA9FFA81692F755FD59F459" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A687BCFFA9FFA81692F755FD59F459" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="509" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">
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<subSubSection box="[1454,1512,2287,2329]" pageId="24" pageNumber="508" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="24.[1453,2360,2287,2371]" box="[1454,1512,2287,2329]" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">
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<heading box="[1454,1512,2287,2329]" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">
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<figureCitation box="[1454,1512,2287,2329]" captionStart="Plate 36: Phyllostomidae" captionStartId="17.[137,167,3288,3313]" captionTargetBox="[23,2765,17,3655]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="24. Long-legged Bat (Macrophyllum macrophyllum), 25. Fringe-lipped Bat (Trachops cirrhosus), 26. Striped Hairy-nosed Bat (Gardnerycteris crenulatum), 27. Keenan's Hairy-nosed Bat (Gardnerycteris keenani), 28. Koepcke’s Hairy-nosed Bat (Gardnerycteris koepckeae), 29. Kalko’s Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma kalkoae), 30. Pygmy Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma brasiliense), 31. Carriker’s Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma carrikeri), 32. Schulz’s Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma schulzi), 33. Western Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma occidentale), 34. Davis's Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma evotis), 35. White-throated Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma silvicola), 36. Greater Round-eared Bat (Tonatia bidens), 37. Stripe-headed Round-eared Bat (Tonatia saurophila), 38. Pale-faced Bat (Phylloderma stenops), 39. Pale Spear-nosed Bat (Phyllostomus discolor), 40. Lesser Spear-nosed Bat (Phyllostomus elongatus), 41. Greater Spear-nosed Bat (Phyllostomus hastatus), 42. Guianan Spear-nosed Bat (Phyllostomus latifolius), 43. Woolly False Vampire Bat (Chrotopterus auritus), 44. Southern Golden Bat (Mimon bennettii), 45. Cozumelan Golden Bat (Mimon cozumelae), 46. Spectral Bat (Vampyrum spectrum)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458675" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6458675/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">44.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1529,1978,2287,2329]" pageId="24" pageNumber="508" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="24.[1453,2360,2287,2371]" box="[1529,1978,2287,2329]" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">
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<heading box="[1529,1978,2287,2329]" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">
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<vernacularName box="[1529,1978,2287,2329]" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">Southern Golden Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[2027,2339,2287,2329]" pageId="24" pageNumber="508" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="24.[1453,2360,2287,2371]" box="[2027,2339,2287,2329]" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">
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<heading box="[2027,2339,2287,2329]" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="J. E. Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[2027,2339,2287,2329]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Mimon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="508" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bennettii">
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<emphasis box="[2027,2339,2287,2329]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">Mimon bennettii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1454,2359,2347,2368]" pageId="24" pageNumber="508" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="24.[1453,2360,2287,2371]" box="[1454,2359,2347,2368]" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">
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<heading box="[1454,2359,2347,2368]" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1454,1529,2347,2368]" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1539,1660,2347,2368]" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">Mimon doré</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1681,1772,2347,2368]" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1781,2091,2347,2368]" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">Stdliche Haarnasenfledermaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2112,2204,2347,2368]" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[2213,2359,2347,2368]" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">Mimon dorado</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="508" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="24.[2064,2660,2415,2843]" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2065,2218,2415,2448]" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="J. E. Gray, 1838" authorityName="J. E. Gray" authorityYear="1838" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Phyllostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="508" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bennettii">Phyllostoma bennettii J. E. Gray, 1838</taxonomicName>
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,
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<materialsCitation pageId="24" pageNumber="508">
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“S. America.” Restricted by P. Hershkovitz in 1951 to Ipanema,
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<collectingRegion box="[2420,2556,2494,2527]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">Sao Paulo</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[2571,2652,2494,2527]" name="Brazil" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="508" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="24.[2064,2660,2415,2843]" lastBlockId="24.[1449,2657,2848,3473]" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">
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Two lines of thought have treated the genus
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<taxonomicName box="[2163,2256,2573,2606]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Mimon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="508" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Mimon</taxonomicName>
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as monotypic with a single species
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<taxonomicName box="[2181,2289,2613,2646]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Mimon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="508" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bennettii">bennettii</taxonomicName>
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and two subspecies: bennett and
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<taxonomicName box="[2222,2347,2652,2685]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Mimon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="508" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cozumelae">cozumelae</taxonomicName>
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. Given that there is no intergradation area between the two supposed subspecies, most recent authors have treated the genus as containing two species. Deep chromosomal differences also indicate that they are two distinct species. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1451,2525,2896,2921]" pageId="24" pageNumber="508" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458692" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458692" box="[1451,2525,2896,2921]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6458692/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="508" targetBox="[1449,2041,2425,2838]" targetPageId="24">
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<paragraph blockId="24.[1449,2657,2848,3473]" box="[1451,2525,2896,2921]" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1451,1627,2896,2921]" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">Distribution.</emphasis>
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N & E
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<collectingCountry box="[1733,1872,2896,2921]" name="Colombia" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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, N
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<collectingCountry box="[1920,2067,2896,2921]" name="Venezuela" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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, Guianas, and N, E & CW
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<collectingCountry box="[2439,2521,2896,2921]" name="Brazil" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="509" pageId="24" pageNumber="508" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="24.[1449,2657,2848,3473]" lastBlockId="25.[126,1335,269,1568]" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="509" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1450,1692,2927,2960]" pageId="24" pageNumber="508">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 65-74 mm,tail 15-26 mm, ear 32-38 mm, hindfoot
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="508" unit="mm" value="16.0" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="15.0">15— 17 mm</quantity>
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, forearm 55-61 mm; weight 19-25 g. The Southern Golden Bat is medium-sized. Dorsalfur is long (greater than
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<quantity box="[1871,1949,3014,3039]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="508" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
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) and woolly; overall,it looks warm cinnamon-brown, almost reddish in adults, with individual hairs pale at bases. Hair on neck looks paler and can extend to shoulders. Ears are very large, broad, and slightly pointed. Noseleaf is elongated and broad at base (length up to
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<quantity box="[1977,2071,3124,3157]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="24" pageNumber="508" unit="mm" value="17.0">17 mm</quantity>
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, breadth up to 8-5 mm), and edges are naked and smooth, creating unique characteristic for both species of
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<taxonomicName box="[2359,2450,3164,3197]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Mimon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="508" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Mimon</taxonomicName>
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. Series of large oblong transverse warts occur on sides of large central wart on lowerlip. Wing membranes are pale brown, with very short dark hairs. Forearm is hairy, with longer hairs on proximal one-half. Uropatagium is longer than legs, but tail does not reach one-half ofits length; calcar is long. Distal tip of plagiopatagium can be whitish in some specimens, but it is not a reliable diagnostic characteristic. Short hairs, not visible to the human eye, cover uropatagium and legs. Skull is robust, with short rostrum, gentle slope at frontals toward elevated braincase, and conspicuous but lower sagittal crest. Basisphenoids are broad and shallow, and tympanic bullae are small. Teeth are comparatively robust. Upper incisors fill all space between canines, I? is about one-half as high as I'; I' is in contact in middle, but their tips diverge; P® about one-half the size of P*, both aligned in tooth row; and there are no spaces between P? and C' or P% 1is higher than wide, reaching cingulum of C; and P, slightly shorter than P,. Teeth are comparatively robust. Dental formula for both species of
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<taxonomicName box="[1243,1332,427,460]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Mimon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="509" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Mimon</taxonomicName>
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is12/1,C1/1,P2/2,M 3/3 (
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<date box="[506,538,471,500]" pageId="25" pageNumber="509">x2</date>
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) = 30. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 30 and FN = 56.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="509" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[126,1335,269,1568]" pageId="25" pageNumber="509">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[128,238,506,539]" pageId="25" pageNumber="509">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Mature evergreen forests of the Amazonian and Atlantic Forests and dry and semideciduous forest and cerrado at elevations up to
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<quantity box="[894,998,545,578]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="509" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
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. The Southern Golden Bat has not been found in the Pantanal.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="509" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[126,1335,269,1568]" pageId="25" pageNumber="509">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[128,390,624,657]" pageId="25" pageNumber="509">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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The Southern Golden Bat is usually categorized as a foliage-gleaner, with diets dominated by insects. It probably gleans prey (beetles and katydids rather than moths) from vegetation but could also eat fruits and small vertebrates.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="509" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[126,1335,269,1568]" pageId="25" pageNumber="509">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[128,262,743,776]" pageId="25" pageNumber="509">Breeding.</emphasis>
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Female Southern Golden Bats apparently have one young per year at the beginning of rainy season. Pregnant females at the Atlantic Forest have been recorded in June, and in the Cerrado ecoregion, pregnancy was evident in August.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="509" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[126,1335,269,1568]" pageId="25" pageNumber="509">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[127,370,861,894]" pageId="25" pageNumber="509">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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At a single roost in a large hollow tree, Southern Golden Bats emerged during the first hour after sunset (18:25 h), almost at the same time as other species sharing the roost. They usually roost in wet limestone caves, damp underground caves, and hollow logs.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="509" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[126,1335,269,1568]" pageId="25" pageNumber="509">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,834,1018,1051]" pageId="25" pageNumber="509">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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Colonies of Southern Golden Bats have 2-20 individuals but more frequently less than ten individuals. They shared a large tree cavity with Seba’s Short-tailed Bats (
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<taxonomicName box="[807,1082,1096,1129]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Carollia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="509" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perspicillata">Carollia perspicillata</taxonomicName>
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); based on other reports, they share roosts with up to twelve species from five bat families (
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<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="509" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Emballonuridae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[220,423,1180,1209]" class="Mammalia" family="Mormoopidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="509" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Mormoopidae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[441,658,1180,1209]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="509" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Phyllostomidae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[675,810,1180,1209]" class="Mammalia" family="Natalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="509" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Natalidae</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName box="[889,1127,1180,1209]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="509" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Vespertilionidae</taxonomicName>
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). Reported ectoparasites include trombiculids (three species) and spinturnicids (one species); an endoparasitic Trypanosoma cruzilike form is also present on Southern Golden Bats.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="509" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[126,1335,269,1568]" pageId="25" pageNumber="509">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[130,477,1294,1327]" pageId="25" pageNumber="509">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Southern Golden Batis rare to locally common in central
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<collectingCountry box="[878,959,1333,1366]" name="Brazil" pageId="25" pageNumber="509">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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, but few data are available elsewhere in its wide distribution. It occurs in a number of protected areas.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="509" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[126,1335,269,1568]" pageId="25" pageNumber="509">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[131,284,1421,1446]" pageId="25" pageNumber="509">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Baker, Genoways & Seyfarth et al. (1981), Brosset & Charles-Dominique (1991), Eisenberg (1989), Emmons & Feer (1997), Fenton et al. (1992), Gardner (1977b), Gregorin, Capusso & Furtado (2008), Hershkovitz (1951), Hoppe & Ditchfield (2016), Molina et al. (1995), Ortega & Arita (1997), Simmons & Voss (1998), Williams & Genoways (2008), Wilson (1979).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |