treatments-xml/data/BD/2B/87/BD2B8784FF8FFFE9FF01448323B5F812.xml

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<mods:title id="8DD0DFA97FBF62BED13E71D9B99343D3">A review of the genus Apristurus (Chondrichthyes: Carcharhiniformes: Scyliorhinidae) from Taiwanese waters</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FDCE1B23AF3B678AEBCFB1FE2B77BCC3">Nakaya, Kazuhiro</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="BD2B8784FF8FFFE9FF01448323B5F812" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6159968" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119585212" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6159968" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BD2B8784FF8FFFE9FF01448323B5F812" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD2B8784FF8FFFE9FF01448323B5F812" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="143" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">
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<paragraph id="353D3692FF8FFFECFF014483225BFA64" blockId="8.[151,633,1494,1662]" box="[151,633,1494,1520]" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">
<heading id="6E7581FEFF8FFFECFF014483225BFA64" bold="true" box="[151,633,1494,1520]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="138" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="F2824D11FF8FFFECFF014483225BFA64" ID-CoL="FWYT" authority="Nakaya, 1975" authorityName="Nakaya" authorityYear="1975" box="[151,633,1494,1520]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Apristurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="138" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicephalus">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8FFFECFF014483225BFA64" bold="true" box="[151,633,1494,1520]" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8FFFECFF01448321EBFA64" bold="true" box="[151,457,1494,1520]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Apristurus longicephalus</emphasis>
Nakaya, 1975
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8FFFECFF0144AC21BCF9EA" blockId="8.[151,633,1494,1662]" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">
English name: Longhead catshark Taiwanese name: Chang-tou-bi-sa Japanese name: Tengu herazame (
<figureCitation id="ADB92A17FF8FFFECFF0847302117F9EA" box="[158,309,1637,1662]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 7" captionStart-1="FIGURE 8" captionStart-2="FIGURE 9" captionStart-3="FIGURE 10" captionStart-4="FIGURE 11" captionStart-5="FIGURE 12" captionStartId-0="11.[151,250,1288,1310]" captionStartId-1="12.[151,250,1133,1155]" captionStartId-2="13.[151,250,1125,1147]" captionStartId-3="14.[151,250,1143,1165]" captionStartId-4="14.[151,250,1809,1831]" captionStartId-5="15.[151,250,1138,1160]" captionTargetBox-0="[260,1322,241,1231]" captionTargetBox-1="[316,1261,343,1091]" captionTargetBox-2="[229,1357,196,1100]" captionTargetBox-3="[248,1323,187,1120]" captionTargetBox-4="[245,1330,1294,1779]" captionTargetBox-5="[249,1337,215,1099]" captionTargetId-0="figure@11.[226,1360,193,1267]" captionTargetId-1="figure@12.[226,1360,301,1112]" captionTargetId-2="figure@13.[226,1360,195,1103]" captionTargetId-3="figure@14.[226,1360,185,1121]" captionTargetId-4="figure@14.[226,1360,1245,1787]" captionTargetId-5="figure@15.[226,1360,193,1117]" captionTargetPageId-0="11" captionTargetPageId-1="12" captionTargetPageId-2="13" captionTargetPageId-3="14" captionTargetPageId-4="14" captionTargetPageId-5="15" captionText-0="FIGURE 7. Apristurus longicephalus. A – B, ASIZP 64264, female, 258 mm TL, Keelung, Taiwan; C, Original drawing of holotype (from Nakaya, 1975); D – F, HUMZ 193669, male, 435 mm TL, Indonesia." captionText-1="FIGURE 8. Digestive tract of Apristurus longicephalus (A, B) and A. herklotsi (C), showing duodenum (DU). A, holotype (HUMZ 42399); B, BSKU 27596; C, BSKU 27598. CS, cardiac stomach; IN, intestine; PA, pancreas; PS, pyloric stomach; RE, rectal gland." captionText-2="FIGURE 9. Dermal denticles of Apristurus longicephalus, HUMZ 42399, holotype, hermaphroditic female, 367 mm TL. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." captionText-3="FIGURE 10. Dorsal view of right clasper of Apristurus longicephalus, HUMZ 193669, male, 435 mm TL. CD, clasper denticles; ER, exorhipidion; PP, pseudopera; PS, pseudosiphon; PV, pelvic fin; RH, rhipidion. Scale bar = 1 cm." captionText-4="FIGURE 11. Maturity stages of Apristurus longicephalus. Open symbols, males; solid symbols, females; grey symbols, unknown sex. Asterisk indicates holotype." captionText-5="FIGURE 12. Distribution of Apristurus longicephalus. Star, holotype; circle, non-types." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/247150/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/247151/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/247152/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/247153/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/247154/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/247155/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Figures 7–12</figureCitation>
, 
<tableCitation id="78000329FF8FFFECFED7473021B7F9EA" box="[321,405,1637,1662]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,239,155,178]" captionTargetBox="[159,1425,332,1883]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 2. Proportional measurements and counts of Apristurus longicephalus." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/61FD661AFF8EFFEDFF0141CE23C7FF26" pageId="8" pageNumber="138" tableUuid="61FD661AFF8EFFEDFF0141CE23C7FF26">Table 2</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8FFFECFF0147FB2220F862" blockId="8.[151,1436,1709,2038]" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">
<taxonomicName id="F2824D11FF8FFFECFF0147FB2242F957" authority="Nakaya, 1975: 32" authorityName="Nakaya" authorityPageNumber="32" authorityYear="1975" box="[151,608,1709,1731]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Apristurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="138" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicephalus">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8FFFECFF0147FB21B8F957" box="[151,410,1709,1731]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Apristurus longicephalus</emphasis>
Nakaya, 1975: 32
</taxonomicName>
, figs. 15–16 (original description, 
<typeStatus id="EA398830FF8FFFECFC5847FB23DBF957" box="[974,1017,1710,1731]" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">type</typeStatus>
locality: 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFBF647FB24BCF957" box="[1120,1182,1710,1731]" name="Japan" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Japan</collectingCountry>
); Compagno, 1984: 271 (description, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFEDA479821A8F976" box="[332,394,1741,1762]" name="Japan" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Japan</collectingCountry>
); Nakaya, 1984: 4, pl. 3-D (description, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFCB247982340F976" box="[804,866,1741,1762]" name="Japan" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Japan</collectingCountry>
); Nakaya, 1984: 43 and 296, pl. 10 (description, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFAC4479825B2F976" box="[1362,1424,1741,1762]" name="Japan" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Japan</collectingCountry>
); Nakaya, 1988a: 431, figs. 1–13 (description, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFD3047BE22C6F894" box="[678,740,1771,1792]" name="Japan" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Japan</collectingCountry>
); Nakaya, 1988b: 134 (comparative materials, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFB4547BE2533F894" box="[1235,1297,1771,1792]" name="Japan" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Japan</collectingCountry>
); Compagno, 1988: 170 (taxonomic coments); Nakaya, 1991: 999 (comparative materials, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFB9B465F2469F88B" box="[1037,1099,1802,1823]" name="Japan" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Japan</collectingCountry>
); Last and Stevens, 1994: 180 (description, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFED8467C21A8F8AA" box="[334,394,1833,1854]" name="Japan" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Japan</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFE00467D21F7F8AA" box="[406,469,1832,1854]" name="China" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">China</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFE77467D220CF8AA" box="[481,558,1832,1854]" name="Taiwan" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFDAC467D228DF8AA" box="[570,687,1832,1854]" name="Philippines" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Philippines</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFD2C467D233BF8AA" box="[698,793,1832,1854]" name="Australia" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Australia</collectingCountry>
, and Seychells); Compagno, 1999: 478 (checklist); Nakaya &amp; Sato, 1999: 315 (taxonomic comments); Nakaya &amp; Séret, 1999: 307 (comparative materials), Yoshino &amp; Aonuma, 2002: 130 (key to species, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFE00463321F6F8EF" box="[406,468,1894,1915]" name="Japan" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Japan</collectingCountry>
); Compagno 
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8FFFECFDCA463322AAF8EF" box="[604,648,1893,1915]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">et al</emphasis>
., 2005: 194, pl. 32 (description, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFC454633242DF8EF" box="[979,1039,1894,1915]" name="Japan" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Japan</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFB8C4630247BF8EF" box="[1050,1113,1893,1915]" name="China" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">China</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFBF546302492F8EF" box="[1123,1200,1893,1915]" name="Taiwan" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFB2C4630250CF8EF" box="[1210,1326,1893,1915]" name="Philippines" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Philippines</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFAAE463025B5F8EF" box="[1336,1431,1893,1915]" name="Australia" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Australia</collectingCountry>
, and 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFF6446D12141F80E" box="[242,355,1924,1946]" name="Seychelles" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
); Iglésias 
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8FFFECFE5146D021D1F80E" box="[455,499,1924,1946]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">et al</emphasis>
., 2005a: 417 (description, East 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFCA246D12351F80E" box="[820,883,1924,1946]" name="China" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">China</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFCEB46D0239BF80E" box="[893,953,1925,1946]" name="Japan" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Japan</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFC5546D12410F80E" box="[963,1074,1924,1946]" name="Seychelles" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFBAD46D124E1F80E" box="[1083,1219,1924,1946]" name="Mozambique" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFB5B46D0254EF80E" box="[1229,1388,1924,1946]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
, and 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFF5146F7210BF82C" box="[199,297,1954,1976]" name="Australia" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Australia</collectingCountry>
); Iglésias 
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8FFFECFE0746F621E2F82C" box="[401,448,1954,1976]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">et al</emphasis>
., 2005b: 574 (molecular phylogeny, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFCD646F623C6F82C" box="[832,996,1954,1976]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
); Last &amp; Stevens, 2009: 191, figs.11, 31.4 (description, East 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFE144694219CF843" box="[386,446,1985,2007]" name="China" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">China</collectingCountry>
Sea, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFE6C46972214F843" box="[506,566,1986,2007]" name="Japan" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Japan</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFDD546942290F843" box="[579,690,1985,2007]" name="Seychelles" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFD2846942364F843" box="[702,838,1985,2007]" name="Mozambique" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFCC4469423E5F843" box="[850,967,1985,2007]" name="Philippines" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Philippines</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFC4446972456F843" box="[978,1140,1985,2007]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
, and 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8FFFECFB3B4694252CF843" box="[1197,1294,1985,2007]" name="Australia" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">Australia</collectingCountry>
); Ebert 
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8FFFECFAF7469725B2F843" box="[1377,1424,1985,2007]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="138">et al</emphasis>
., 2013: 292, pl. 37 (description).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="61FD661AFF8EFFEDFF0141CE23C7FF26" ID-Table-UUID="61FD661AFF8EFFEDFF0141CE23C7FF26" box="[151,997,154,178]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/61FD661AFF8EFFEDFF0141CE23C7FF26" pageId="9" pageNumber="139" targetBox="[159,1425,332,1883]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8EFFEDFF0141CE23C7FF26" blockId="9.[151,997,154,178]" box="[151,997,154,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8EFFEDFF0141CE2128FF26" bold="true" box="[151,266,155,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
Proportional measurements and counts of 
<taxonomicName id="F2824D11FF8EFFEDFD4441CE23FCFF26" box="[722,990,154,178]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Apristurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="139" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicephalus">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8EFFEDFD4441CE23FCFF26" box="[722,990,154,178]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">Apristurus longicephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="7D986519FF8EFFEEFC1F418424D0FD47" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="140" pageId="9" pageNumber="139" type="description">
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8EFFEDFC1F41842411FF72" blockId="9.[569,1425,208,312]" box="[905,1075,208,230]" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<taxonomicName id="F2824D11FF8EFFEDFC1F41842411FF72" box="[905,1075,208,230]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Apristurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="139" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicephalus">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8EFFEDFC1F41842411FF72" box="[905,1075,208,230]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">A. longicephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8EFFEDFDA941AC253AFE9B" blockId="9.[569,1425,208,312]" box="[575,1304,249,271]" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8EFFEDFDA941AC22A9FE9B" box="[575,651,249,271]" name="Taiwan" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
<typeStatus id="EA398830FF8EFFEDFCBC41AC23AAFE9B" box="[810,904,249,271]" pageId="9" pageNumber="139" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
Other regions
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8EFFEDFDAF407724DAF83A" blockId="9.[569,1425,208,312]" lastBlockId="9.[165,1421,1902,2011]" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<specimenCount id="2384FD1BFF8EFFEDFDAF407722ADFEAC" box="[569,655,290,312]" pageId="9" pageNumber="139" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
hermaphroditic female 
<specimenCount id="2384FD1BFF8EFFEDFB8340772453FEAC" box="[1045,1137,290,312]" pageId="9" pageNumber="139" type="male">13 males</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="2384FD1BFF8EFFEDFBEA407724CFFEAC" box="[1148,1261,290,312]" pageId="9" pageNumber="139" type="female">16 females</specimenCount>
, 8 unknown sex Anal base length (ceratotrichia) 15.0 14.6 13.7–18.4 Anal height (muscle) 3.1 2.8 2.2–3.9
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8EFFEDFF09401824DAF8CF" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
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<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0940192194FEF6" box="[159,438,332,354]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">TL (mm)</th>
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD840192258FEF6" box="[590,634,332,354]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">258</th>
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD54019234DFEF6" box="[835,879,332,354]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">367</th>
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB36401925B3FEF6" box="[1184,1425,332,354]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">270–500</th>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF09402025B3FE1F" box="[159,1425,373,395]" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="139" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0940202194FE1F" box="[159,438,373,395]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">Proportion (%TL)</th>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF0940CB25B3FE20" box="[159,1425,414,436]" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0940CB2194FE20" box="[159,438,414,436]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">PreD2-origin length</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD840CB2258FE20" box="[590,634,414,436]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">53.5</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD540CB234DFE20" box="[835,879,414,436]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">55.6</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB3640CB25B3FE20" box="[1184,1425,414,436]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">53.1–62.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF09409D25B3FE4A" box="[159,1425,456,478]" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF09409D2194FE4A" box="[159,438,456,478]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">PreD1-origin length</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD8409D2258FE4A" box="[590,634,456,478]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">41.9</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD5409D234DFE4A" box="[835,879,456,478]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">45.8</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB36409D25B3FE4A" box="[1184,1425,456,478]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">41.3–49.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF0940A425B3FD93" box="[159,1425,497,519]" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0940A42194FD93" box="[159,438,497,519]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">PreP1 length</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD840A42258FD93" box="[590,634,497,519]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">23.3</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD540A4234DFD93" box="[835,879,497,519]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">25.7</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB3640A425B3FD93" box="[1184,1425,497,519]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">22.5–27.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF09434F25B3FDA4" box="[159,1425,538,560]" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF09434F2194FDA4" box="[159,438,538,560]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">PreP2 length</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD8434F2258FDA4" box="[590,634,538,560]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">37.2</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD5434F234DFDA4" box="[835,879,538,560]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">38.8</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB36434F25B3FDA4" box="[1184,1425,538,560]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">34.9–46.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF09431125B3FDCE" box="[159,1425,580,602]" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0943112194FDCE" box="[159,438,580,602]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">Preanal length</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD843112258FDCE" box="[590,634,580,602]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">46.1</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD54311234DFDCE" box="[835,879,580,602]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">48.4</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB36431125B3FDCE" box="[1184,1425,580,602]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">44.6–52.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF09433825B3FD17" box="[159,1425,621,643]" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0943382194FD17" box="[159,438,621,643]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">Precaudal length</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD843382258FD17" box="[590,634,621,643]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">61.6</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD54338234DFD17" box="[835,879,621,643]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">62.7</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB36433825B3FD17" box="[1184,1425,621,643]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">56.2–69.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF0943C325B3FD38" box="[159,1425,662,684]" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0943C32194FD38" box="[159,438,662,684]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">Pre-branchial length</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD843C32258FD38" box="[590,634,662,684]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">18.4</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD543C3234DFD38" box="[835,879,662,684]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">21.3</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB3643C325B3FD38" box="[1184,1425,662,684]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">18.0–22.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF09439525B3FD42" box="[159,1425,704,726]" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0943952194FD42" box="[159,438,704,726]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">Pre-orbital length</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD843952258FD42" box="[590,634,704,726]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">12.1</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD54395234DFD42" box="[835,879,704,726]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">13.2</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB36439525B3FD42" box="[1184,1425,704,726]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">10.0–13.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF0943BC25B3FD6B" box="[159,1425,745,767]" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0943BC2194FD6B" box="[159,438,745,767]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">Pre-outer nostril length</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD843BC2258FD6B" box="[590,634,745,767]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">7.3</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD543BC234DFD6B" box="[835,879,745,767]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">7.9</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB3643BC25B3FD6B" box="[1184,1425,745,767]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">5.9–7.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF09424725B3FCBC" box="[159,1425,786,808]" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0942472194FCBC" box="[159,438,786,808]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">Pre-inner nostril length</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD842472258FCBC" box="[590,634,786,808]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">8.3</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD54247234DFCBC" box="[835,879,786,808]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">9.6</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB36424725B3FCBC" box="[1184,1425,786,808]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">7.7–10.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF09426925B3FCC6" box="[159,1425,828,850]" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0942692194FCC6" box="[159,438,828,850]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">Pre-oral length</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD842692258FCC6" box="[590,634,828,850]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">9.6</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD54269234DFCC6" box="[835,879,828,850]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">11.6</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB36426925B3FCC6" box="[1184,1425,828,850]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">9.0–11.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF09423025B3FCEF" box="[159,1425,869,891]" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0942302194FCEF" box="[159,438,869,891]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">Head length</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD842302258FCEF" box="[590,634,869,891]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">23.2</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD54230234DFCEF" box="[835,879,869,891]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">22.3</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB36423025B3FCEF" box="[1184,1425,869,891]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">22.8–27.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF0942DB25B3FC30" box="[159,1425,910,932]" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0942DB2194FC30" box="[159,438,910,932]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">Mouth width</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD842DB2258FC30" box="[590,634,910,932]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">7.2</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD542DB234DFC30" box="[835,879,910,932]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">8.7</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB3642DB25B3FC30" box="[1184,1425,910,932]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">4.9–7.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF0942ED25B3FC5A" box="[159,1425,952,974]" gridrow="15" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0942ED2194FC5A" box="[159,438,952,974]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">Internarial width</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD842ED2258FC5A" box="[590,634,952,974]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">4.6</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD542ED234DFC5A" box="[835,879,952,974]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">4.6</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB3642ED25B3FC5A" box="[1184,1425,952,974]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">3.5–4.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF0942B425B3FC63" box="[159,1425,993,1015]" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0942B42194FC63" box="[159,438,993,1015]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">Upper labial furrow length</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD842B42258FC63" box="[590,634,993,1015]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">3.3</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD542B4234DFC63" box="[835,879,993,1015]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">3.4</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB3642B425B3FC63" box="[1184,1425,993,1015]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">2.9–3.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF09455F25B3FBB4" box="[159,1425,1034,1056]" gridrow="17" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF09455F2194FBB4" box="[159,438,1034,1056]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">Lower labial furrow length</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD8455F2258FBB4" box="[590,634,1034,1056]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">2.7</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD5455F234DFBB4" box="[835,879,1034,1056]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">2.8</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB36455F25B3FBB4" box="[1184,1425,1034,1056]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">1.7–3.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF09456125B3FBDE" box="[159,1425,1076,1098]" gridrow="18" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0945612194FBDE" box="[159,438,1076,1098]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">Orbital length</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD845612258FBDE" box="[590,634,1076,1098]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">2.6</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD54561234DFBDE" box="[835,879,1076,1098]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">3.0</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB36456125B3FBDE" box="[1184,1425,1076,1098]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">2.4–3.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF09450825B3FBE7" box="[159,1425,1117,1139]" gridrow="19" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0945082194FBE7" box="[159,438,1117,1139]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">Nostril length</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD845082258FBE7" box="[590,634,1117,1139]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">2.4</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD54508234DFBE7" box="[835,879,1117,1139]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">3.1</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB36450825B3FBE7" box="[1184,1425,1117,1139]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">1.9–3.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF0945D325B3FB08" box="[159,1425,1158,1180]" gridrow="20" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0945D32194FB08" box="[159,438,1158,1180]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">Interorbital width</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD845D32258FB08" box="[590,634,1158,1180]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">―</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD545D3234DFB08" box="[835,879,1158,1180]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">6.5</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB3645D325B3FB08" box="[1184,1425,1158,1180]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">3.7–6.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF0945E525B3FB52" box="[159,1425,1200,1222]" gridrow="21" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0945E52194FB52" box="[159,438,1200,1222]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">1st gill height</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD845E52258FB52" box="[590,634,1200,1222]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">―</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD545E5234DFB52" box="[835,879,1200,1222]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">―</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB3645E525B3FB52" box="[1184,1425,1200,1222]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">1.1–2.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF09458C25B3FB7B" box="[159,1425,1241,1263]" gridrow="22" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF09458C2194FB7B" box="[159,438,1241,1263]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">3rd gill height</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD8458C2258FB7B" box="[590,634,1241,1263]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">―</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD5458C234DFB7B" box="[835,879,1241,1263]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">1.8</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB36458C25B3FB7B" box="[1184,1425,1241,1263]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">1.5–3.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF09445725B3FA8C" box="[159,1425,1282,1304]" gridrow="23" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0944572194FA8C" box="[159,438,1282,1304]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">5th gill height</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD844572258FA8C" box="[590,634,1282,1304]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">―</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD54457234DFA8C" box="[835,879,1282,1304]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">―</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB36445725B3FA8C" box="[1184,1425,1282,1304]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">1.3–2.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF09447925B3FAD6" box="[159,1425,1324,1346]" gridrow="24" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0944792194FAD6" box="[159,438,1324,1346]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">D1-D2 space</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD844792258FAD6" box="[590,634,1324,1346]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">6.9</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD54479234DFAD6" box="[835,879,1324,1346]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">6.0</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB36447925B3FAD6" box="[1184,1425,1324,1346]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">4.5–8.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF09440025B3FAFF" box="[159,1425,1365,1387]" gridrow="25" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0944002194FAFF" box="[159,438,1365,1387]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">D1-D2 origins</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD844002258FAFF" box="[590,634,1365,1387]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">10.7</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD54400234DFAFF" box="[835,879,1365,1387]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">―</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB36440025B3FAFF" box="[1184,1425,1365,1387]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">10.0–13.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF09442B25B3FA00" box="[159,1425,1406,1428]" gridrow="26" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF09442B2194FA00" box="[159,438,1406,1428]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">D1-D2 insertions</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD8442B2258FA00" box="[590,634,1406,1428]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">14.3</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD5442B234DFA00" box="[835,879,1406,1428]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">12.7</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB36442B25B3FA00" box="[1184,1425,1406,1428]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">10.3–14.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF0944FD25B3FA2A" box="[159,1425,1448,1470]" gridrow="27" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0944FD2194FA2A" box="[159,438,1448,1470]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">P1-P2 space</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD844FD2258FA2A" box="[590,634,1448,1470]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">7.3</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD544FD234DFA2A" box="[835,879,1448,1470]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">14.8</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB3644FD25B3FA2A" box="[1184,1425,1448,1470]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">5.4–11.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF09448425B3FA73" box="[159,1425,1489,1511]" gridrow="28" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0944842194FA73" box="[159,438,1489,1511]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">P1 tip to P2 origin</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD844842258FA73" box="[590,634,1489,1511]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">1.7</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD54484234DFA73" box="[835,879,1489,1511]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">―</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB36448425B3FA73" box="[1184,1425,1489,1511]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">0.5–5.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF0944AF25B3F984" box="[159,1425,1530,1552]" gridrow="29" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0944AF2194F984" box="[159,438,1530,1552]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">P1-P2 origins</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD844AF2258F984" box="[590,634,1530,1552]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">13.8</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD544AF234DF984" box="[835,879,1530,1552]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">14.8</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB3644AF25B3F984" box="[1184,1425,1530,1552]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">11.7–17.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF09477125B3F9AE" box="[159,1425,1572,1594]" gridrow="30" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0947712194F9AE" box="[159,438,1572,1594]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">D1 base length</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD847712258F9AE" box="[590,634,1572,1594]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">4.4</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD54771234DF9AE" box="[835,879,1572,1594]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">4.7</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB36477125B3F9AE" box="[1184,1425,1572,1594]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">4.0–8.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF09471825B3F9F7" box="[159,1425,1613,1635]" gridrow="31" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0947182194F9F7" box="[159,438,1613,1635]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">D1 height</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD847182258F9F7" box="[590,634,1613,1635]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">1.4</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD54718234DF9F7" box="[835,879,1613,1635]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">1.6</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB36471825B3F9F7" box="[1184,1425,1613,1635]" gridcol="3" gridrow="31" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">1.1–2.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF09472325B3F918" box="[159,1425,1654,1676]" gridrow="32" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0947232194F918" box="[159,438,1654,1676]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">D1 free lobe length</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD847232258F918" box="[590,634,1654,1676]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">2.5</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD54723234DF918" box="[835,879,1654,1676]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">―</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB36472325B3F918" box="[1184,1425,1654,1676]" gridcol="3" gridrow="32" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">2.1–3.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF0947F525B3F922" box="[159,1425,1696,1718]" gridrow="33" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0947F52194F922" box="[159,438,1696,1718]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">D2 base length</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD847F52258F922" box="[590,634,1696,1718]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">6.8</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD547F5234DF922" box="[835,879,1696,1718]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">6.3</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB3647F525B3F922" box="[1184,1425,1696,1718]" gridcol="3" gridrow="33" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">3.3–7.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF09479C25B3F94B" box="[159,1425,1737,1759]" gridrow="34" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF09479C2194F94B" box="[159,438,1737,1759]" gridcol="0" gridrow="34" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">D2 height</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD8479C2258F94B" box="[590,634,1737,1759]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">2.6</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD5479C234DF94B" box="[835,879,1737,1759]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">2.4</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB36479C25B3F94B" box="[1184,1425,1737,1759]" gridcol="3" gridrow="34" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">2.1–3.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF0947A725B3F89C" box="[159,1425,1778,1800]" gridrow="35" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0947A72194F89C" box="[159,438,1778,1800]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">D2 free lobe length</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD847A72258F89C" box="[590,634,1778,1800]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">3.6</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD547A7234DF89C" box="[835,879,1778,1800]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">―</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB3647A725B3F89C" box="[1184,1425,1778,1800]" gridcol="3" gridrow="35" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">2.6–6.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF09464925B3F8A6" box="[159,1425,1820,1842]" gridrow="36" pageId="9" pageNumber="139" rowspan-1="1">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0946492194F8A6" box="[159,438,1820,1842]" gridcol="0" gridrow="36" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">P1 anterior margin</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD54649234DF8A6" box="[835,879,1820,1842]" gridcol="2" gridrow="36" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">―</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB36464925B3F8A6" box="[1184,1425,1820,1842]" gridcol="3" gridrow="36" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">7.8–12.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8BB234D0FF8E001BFF09461025B3F8CF" box="[159,1425,1861,1883]" gridrow="37" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<th id="C8635DACFF8E001BFF0946102194F8CF" box="[159,438,1861,1883]" gridcol="0" gridrow="37" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">P2 length</th>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFDD846102258F8CF" box="[590,634,1861,1883]" gridcol="1" gridrow="37" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">8.7</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFCD54610234DF8CF" box="[835,879,1861,1883]" gridcol="2" gridrow="37" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">10.0</td>
<td id="C8635DACFF8E001BFB36461025B3F8CF" box="[1184,1425,1861,1883]" gridcol="3" gridrow="37" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">5.5–9.7</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8EFFEEFBF7469325B2FEA2" blockId="9.[165,1421,1902,2011]" lastBlockId="10.[159,1424,165,723]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="140" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8EFFEEFBF746932411FF77" italics="true" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="140" pageId="9" pageNumber="139">
...... continued on the next page 
<taxonomicName id="F2824D11FF8DFFEEFC1F419B2411FF77" box="[905,1075,205,227]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Apristurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicephalus">A. longicephalus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8DFFEEFDA941A322A9FE98" box="[575,651,246,268]" name="Taiwan" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
<typeStatus id="EA398830FF8DFFEEFCBC41A323AAFE98" box="[810,904,246,268]" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
Other regions 
<specimenCount id="2384FD1BFF8DFFEEFDAF407522B2FEA2" box="[569,656,288,310]" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
hermaphroditic female 
<specimenCount id="2384FD1BFF8DFFEEFB8340752453FEA2" box="[1045,1137,288,310]" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" type="male">13 males</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="2384FD1BFF8DFFEEFBEA407524CFFEA2" box="[1148,1261,288,310]" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" type="female">16 females</specimenCount>
, 8 unknown sex
</paragraph>
<caption id="61FD661AFF8DFFEEFF3341F02183FF28" box="[165,417,165,188]" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8DFFEEFF3341F02183FF28" blockId="10.[159,1424,165,723]" box="[165,417,165,188]" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8DFFEEFF3341F02138FF28" bold="true" box="[165,282,165,188]" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
(Continued)
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8DFFEEFF33401C2527FECB" blockId="10.[159,1424,165,723]" box="[165,1285,329,351]" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">Caudal length 37.5 36.5 29.9–38.1</paragraph>
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8DFFEEFF33402624DAFE1D" blockId="10.[159,1424,165,723]" box="[165,1272,371,393]" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">Clasper outer length 0.9 2.6 0.4–4.8</paragraph>
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8DFFEEFF0940C920C5FE26" blockId="10.[159,1424,165,723]" box="[159,231,412,434]" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">Counts</paragraph>
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8DFFEEFF3340902103FE4F" blockId="10.[159,1424,165,723]" box="[165,289,453,475]" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">Tooth rows:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8DFFEEFF3D40BA24D0FD90" blockId="10.[159,1424,165,723]" box="[171,1266,494,516]" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">upper 42 36 35–45</paragraph>
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8DFFEEFF3D434D24D0FDBA" blockId="10.[159,1424,165,723]" box="[171,1266,536,558]" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">lower 36 31 29–40</paragraph>
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8DFFEEFF3343142133FDC3" blockId="10.[159,1424,165,723]" box="[165,273,577,599]" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">Vertebrae:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8DFFEEFF24433E24D0FD15" blockId="10.[159,1424,165,723]" box="[178,1266,619,641]" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">monospondylous 33 32 29–33</paragraph>
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8DFFEEFF2443C124D0FD3E" blockId="10.[159,1424,165,723]" box="[178,1266,660,682]" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">precaudal diplospondylous 30 29 26–35</paragraph>
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8DFFEEFF3343E824D0FD47" blockId="10.[159,1424,165,723]" box="[165,1266,701,723]" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">Spiral valves 17 15 13–16</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7D986519FF8DFFEEFF01424725A1F9D7" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8DFFEEFF01424725A1F9D7" blockId="10.[151,1437,786,1603]" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8DFFEEFF01424721A2FCBF" bold="true" box="[151,384,786,811]" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">Material examined.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8DFFEEFE1E424121F5FCBF" box="[392,471,788,811]" name="Taiwan" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8DFFEEFE1E424121F5FCBF" box="[392,471,788,811]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">Taiwan</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
: ASIZP 64264, female, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFD7A42472368FCBE" box="[748,842,786,811]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.58" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="258.0">258 mm</quantity>
TL, 
<geoCoordinate id="50B65055FF8DFFEEFC144247242AFCBF" box="[898,1032,786,811]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" precision="9" value="25.226833">25°13.61’N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="50B65055FF8DFFEEFB82424724B7FCBF" box="[1044,1173,786,811]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" precision="92" value="122.825">122°49.5’E</geoCoordinate>
(East of Keelung), 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFAE44246208FFCDB" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.92" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="992.0">992 m</quantity>
depth. 
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8DFFEEFE9642632276FCDA" box="[256,596,822,847]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">
Other regions (
<typeStatus id="EA398830FF8DFFEEFE3A426221F9FCDA" box="[428,475,823,846]" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">type</typeStatus>
specimen)
</emphasis>
: HUMZ 42399 (
<typeStatus id="EA398830FF8DFFEEFC874263235BFCDB" box="[785,889,822,847]" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
), hermaphroditic female, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFB0F426324D4FCDB" box="[1177,1270,822,847]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.67" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="367.0">367 mm</quantity>
TL, Tosa Bay, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8DFFEEFF01420F20F9FCE7" box="[151,219,858,883]" name="India" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">Kochi</collectingCountry>
Prefecture, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8DFFEEFEFB420E218FFCE6" box="[365,429,859,882]" name="Japan" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">Japan</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="50B65055FF8DFFEEFE55420E2207FCE7" box="[451,549,859,883]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" precision="925" value="33.216667">33°13’N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="50B65055FF8DFFEEFDA1420E2299FCE7" box="[567,699,859,883]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" precision="92" value="133.74">133°44.4’E</geoCoordinate>
), 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFD42420F237AFCE6" box="[724,856,858,883]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.75" metricValueMax="7.4" metricValueMin="6.1" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="675.0" valueMax="740.0" valueMin="610.0">610–740 m</quantity>
depth. 
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8DFFEEFC23420F24C6FCE6" box="[949,1252,858,883]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">
Other regions (non 
<typeStatus id="EA398830FF8DFFEEFB37420E24F9FCE6" box="[1185,1243,859,882]" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">types</typeStatus>
)
</emphasis>
: BSKU 22338, hermaphroditic female, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFE32422A2223FC03" box="[420,513,895,919]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.28" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="328.0">328 mm</quantity>
TL, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8DFFEEFDAF422B225FFC03" box="[569,637,894,919]" name="India" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">Kochi</collectingCountry>
Prefecture, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8DFFEEFC9142D52368FC03" box="[775,842,896,919]" name="Japan" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">Japan</collectingCountry>
. BSKU 23012, male, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFBD7422A24BCFC03" box="[1089,1182,895,919]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.24" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="424.0">424 mm</quantity>
TL, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8DFFEEFB40422B2538FC03" box="[1238,1306,894,919]" name="India" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">Kochi</collectingCountry>
Prefecture, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8DFFEEFF0142F620F8FC2E" box="[151,218,931,954]" name="Japan" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">Japan</collectingCountry>
, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFF7C42F72114FC2E" box="[234,310,930,955]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.15" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="615.0">615 m</quantity>
depth. BSKU 26358, hermaphroditic female, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFCCF42F62399FC2E" box="[857,955,931,955]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="270.0">270 mm</quantity>
TL, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFC6A42F624B9FC2E" box="[1020,1179,931,955]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0699999999999998" metricValueMax="1.14" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="1070.0" valueMax="1140.0" valueMin="1000.0">1000–1140 m</quantity>
depth, BSKU 26455, hermaphroditic male, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFE1B429321C8FC4B" box="[397,490,966,991]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.26" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="326.0">326 mm</quantity>
TL, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFDB742922282FC4B" box="[545,672,967,991]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="9.9" metricValueMin="9.1" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="950.0" valueMax="990.0" valueMin="910.0">910–990 m</quantity>
depth, BSKU 26512, hermaphroditic male, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFB18429224C9FC4B" box="[1166,1259,967,991]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="310.0">310 mm</quantity>
TL, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFAB4429325BEFC4B" box="[1314,1436,966,991]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.25" metricValueMax="7.7" metricValueMin="6.8" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="725.0" valueMax="770.0" valueMin="680.0">680-770 m</quantity>
depth, BSKU 26648, hermaphroditic female, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFD3E42BE232AFB96" box="[680,776,1003,1027]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.12" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="312.0">312 mm</quantity>
TL, BSKU 26649, hermaphroditic female, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFA9E42BE254AFB96" box="[1288,1384,1003,1027]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="280.0">280 mm</quantity>
TL, BSKU 26650, hermaphroditic male, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFDA4455A22ADFBB3" box="[562,655,1039,1063]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.78" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="278.0">278 mm</quantity>
TL, BSKU 26651, hermaphroditic female, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFBE0455B24F1FBB3" box="[1142,1235,1038,1063]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.86" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="386.0">386 mm</quantity>
TL, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFA9F455A2572FBB3" box="[1289,1360,1039,1063]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</quantity>
depth, BSKU 26867, male, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFE1E456721CAFBDE" box="[392,488,1074,1099]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="295.0">295 mm</quantity>
TL, BSKU 26868, hermaphroditic female, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFC494566241DFBDE" box="[991,1087,1075,1099]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.12" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="412.0">412 mm</quantity>
TL, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFBEC456724DEFBDE" box="[1146,1276,1074,1099]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.55" metricValueMax="7.6" metricValueMin="7.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="755.0" valueMax="760.0" valueMin="750.0">750–760 m</quantity>
depth, 
<date id="413C1052FF8DFFEEFAC2456620F0FBFB" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" value="1978-02-04">4 Feb. 1978</date>
, BSKU 27596, male, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFE4545022211FBFB" box="[467,563,1111,1135]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.17" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="417.0">417 mm</quantity>
TL, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFDE6450322D0FBFB" box="[624,754,1110,1135]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="6.4" metricValueMin="6.1" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="625.0" valueMax="640.0" valueMin="610.0">610–640 m</quantity>
depth, BSKU 28096, hermaphroditic female, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFA9F4503254BFBFB" box="[1289,1385,1110,1135]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.36" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="336.0">336 mm</quantity>
TL, BSKU 28097, female, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFE03452E21D0FB06" box="[405,498,1147,1171]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="390.0">390 mm</quantity>
TL, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFDBE452E2284FB06" box="[552,678,1147,1171]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" metricValueMax="8.3" metricValueMin="8.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="825.0" valueMax="830.0" valueMin="820.0">820–830 m</quantity>
depth, BSKU 28166, hermaphroditic female, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFB3F452E2526FB06" box="[1193,1284,1147,1171]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.11" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="311.0">311 mm</quantity>
TL, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFAAC452F208FFB23" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.115" metricValueMax="9.15" metricValueMin="9.08" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="911.5" valueMax="915.0" valueMin="908.0">908–915 m</quantity>
depth; BSKU 33519, hermaphroditic female, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFD2A45CA2338FB23" box="[700,794,1183,1207]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.11" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="411.0">411 mm</quantity>
TL, BSKU 33520, hermaphroditic female, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFA9A45CA2548FB23" box="[1292,1386,1183,1207]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.029999999999999" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="403.0">403 mm</quantity>
TL, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFF0145962135FB4E" box="[151,279,1219,1243]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.95" metricValueMax="8.1" metricValueMin="7.8" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="795.0" valueMax="810.0" valueMin="780.0">780–810 m</quantity>
depth; BSKU 33999, hermaphroditic female, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFCB2459723A0FB4E" box="[804,898,1218,1243]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.62" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="362.0">362 mm</quantity>
TL, BSKU 34000, hermaphroditic female, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFAE4459620E1FB6B" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.13" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="413.0">413 mm</quantity>
TL, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFF6845B3215DFB6B" box="[254,383,1254,1279]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" metricValueMax="6.2" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="610.0" valueMax="620.0" valueMin="600.0">600–620 m</quantity>
depth, Okinawa Trough, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8DFFEEFD3345BD22CAFB6B" box="[677,744,1256,1279]" name="Japan" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">Japan</collectingCountry>
. HUMZ 145151, hermaphroditic male, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFB3945B2252DFB6B" box="[1199,1295,1255,1279]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="380.0">380 mm</quantity>
TL, HUMZ 145153, female, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFEC1445E2194FAB6" box="[343,438,1291,1315]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.31" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="331.0">331 mm</quantity>
TL, East 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8DFFEEFDBC445F224FFAB7" box="[554,621,1290,1315]" name="China" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">China</collectingCountry>
Sea, depth unknown; HUMZ 145154, hermaphroditic female, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFAAB445F25BEFAB6" box="[1341,1436,1290,1315]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="500.0">500 mm</quantity>
TL, East 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8DFFEEFE90447B216BFAD3" box="[262,329,1326,1351]" name="China" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">China</collectingCountry>
Sea, depth unknown. HUMZ 191310, hermaphroditic female, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFBBF447A24A8FAD3" box="[1065,1162,1327,1351]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4899999999999998" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="349.0">349 mm</quantity>
TL, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFB5F447B256EFAD3" box="[1225,1356,1326,1351]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.57" metricValueMax="5.67" metricValueMin="5.47" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="557.0" valueMax="567.0" valueMin="547.0">547–567 m</quantity>
depth, HUMZ 193669, male, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFE3444072220FAFE" box="[418,514,1362,1387]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.35" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="435.0">435 mm</quantity>
TL, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFDD6440722E1FAFE" box="[576,707,1362,1387]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.195" metricValueMax="5.2299999999999995" metricValueMin="5.16" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="519.5" valueMax="523.0" valueMin="516.0">516–523 m</quantity>
depth off Sumatra, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8DFFEEFC2644072403FAFF" box="[944,1057,1362,1387]" name="Indonesia" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
. HUMZ 194156, hermaphroditic female, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFF674423216FFA1B" box="[241,333,1398,1423]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5799999999999996" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="358.0">358 mm</quantity>
TL, HUMZ 194157, hermaphroditic female, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFCDC44222384FA1B" box="[842,934,1399,1423]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.21" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="321.0">321 mm</quantity>
TL, HUMZ 194158, hermaphroditic female, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFF0144CF20D6FA26" box="[151,244,1434,1459]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="375.0">375 mm</quantity>
TL, HUMZ 194159, hermaphroditic female, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFD6544CF2373FA26" box="[755,849,1434,1459]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="315.0">315 mm</quantity>
TL, HUMZ 194161, male, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFB1F44CE24C4FA26" box="[1161,1254,1435,1459]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.18" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="418.0">418 mm</quantity>
TL, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFA8B44CF25BEFA26" box="[1309,1436,1434,1459]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.885" metricValueMax="6.93" metricValueMin="6.84" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="688.5" valueMax="693.0" valueMin="684.0">684–693 m</quantity>
depth, off Jakarta, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8DFFEEFEFE44EB21FBFA43" box="[360,473,1470,1495]" name="Indonesia" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
. HUMZ 194265, female, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFD6C44EA2375FA43" box="[762,855,1471,1495]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7299999999999995" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="473.0">473 mm</quantity>
TL, HUMZ 194266, female, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFB3344EA2520FA43" box="[1189,1282,1471,1495]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.12" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="412.0">412 mm</quantity>
TL, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFAAC44EB208FFA6E" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.4" metricValueMax="8.6" metricValueMin="8.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="840.0" valueMax="860.0" valueMin="820.0">820–860 m</quantity>
depth. PPSI 317, male, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFE5644B7223CFA6E" box="[448,542,1506,1531]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.85" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="585.0">585 mm</quantity>
TL, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFDC044B722C6FA6E" box="[598,740,1506,1531]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.075" metricValueMax="1.35" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="1075.0" valueMax="1350.0" valueMin="800.0">800–1350 m</quantity>
depth, PPSI 330, male, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFC6144B62477FA6E" box="[1015,1109,1507,1531]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.27" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="327.0">327 mm</quantity>
TL, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFB1844B624F4FA6E" box="[1166,1238,1507,1531]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="810.0">810 m</quantity>
depth; PPSI 341, female, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFF6447532172F98B" box="[242,336,1542,1567]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.07" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="507.0">507 mm</quantity>
TL, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFE1C47522228F98B" box="[394,522,1543,1567]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.05" metricValueMax="8.2" metricValueMin="7.9" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="805.0" valueMax="820.0" valueMin="790.0">790–820 m</quantity>
depth, PPSI 353, male, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFC894753235CF98B" box="[799,894,1542,1567]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.05" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="405.0">405 mm</quantity>
TL, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFC2147522415F98B" box="[951,1079,1543,1567]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="860.0" valueMax="900.0" valueMin="820.0">820–900 m</quantity>
depth, southeast of 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8DFFEEFA8B475325BAF98B" box="[1309,1432,1542,1567]" name="Seychelles" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
. ISH 376, male, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFED1477E2186F9D6" box="[327,420,1579,1603]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="290.0">290 mm</quantity>
TL, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFE4D477F2278F9D6" box="[475,602,1578,1603]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.25" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="9.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="925.0" valueMax="950.0" valueMin="900.0">900–950 m</quantity>
depth, ISH 377, female, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFCE5477E23F2F9D6" box="[883,976,1579,1603]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.37" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="237.0">237 mm</quantity>
TL, 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFB91477E24B6F9D6" box="[1031,1172,1579,1603]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="9.8" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="990.0" valueMax="1000.0" valueMin="980.0">980–1000 m</quantity>
depth, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8DFFEEFB71477F255DF9D7" box="[1255,1407,1578,1603]" name="Mozambique" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7D986519FF8DFFEEFF0147272555F8F7" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8DFFEEFF0147272555F8F7" blockId="10.[151,1436,1650,1891]" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8DFFEEFF0147272133F91F" bold="true" box="[151,273,1650,1675]" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
A species of 
<taxonomicName id="F2824D11FF8DFFEEFE2647262204F91E" box="[432,550,1651,1674]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Apristurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8DFFEEFE2647262204F91E" box="[432,550,1651,1674]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="140">Apristurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with the following characters: upper labial furrows 0.9–2.2 times the lowers; first dorsal fin much smaller than the second dorsal fin, originating above posterior half of pelvic-fin base; second dorsal-fin insertion anterior to anal-fin insertion; snout narrow and long; pre-outer nostril length greater than interorbital width; abdomen short; P1–P2 space shorter than anal-fin base length (ceratotrichia); pectoral-fin tip always extending beyond midpoint of P1–P2 space; duodenum long, length equal to valvular intestine; intestinal spiral valves 13–17; monospondylous + precaudal diplospondylous vertebrae 29–33 + 26–35; clasper hook absent on edge of exorhipidion; body uniformly dark brown to light grayish; mature size at least 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8DFFEEFB12461E24C3F8F6" box="[1156,1249,1867,1891]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="400.0">400 mm</quantity>
TL in males.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="61FD661AFF8CFFEFFF01445D23C4FAA9" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/247150/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="141" targetBox="[260,1322,241,1231]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8CFFEFFF01445D23C4FAA9" blockId="11.[151,1435,1288,1341]" pageId="11" pageNumber="141">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8CFFEFFF01445D2137FA8A" bold="true" box="[151,277,1288,1310]" pageId="11" pageNumber="141">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F2824D11FF8CFFEFFE88445C2202FA8A" box="[286,544,1288,1310]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Apristurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="141" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicephalus">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8CFFEFFE88445C2202FA8A" box="[286,544,1288,1310]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="141">Apristurus longicephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A–B, ASIZP 64264, female, 258 mm TL, Keelung, Taiwan; C, Original drawing of holotype (from Nakaya, 1975); D–F, HUMZ 193669, male, 435 mm TL, Indonesia.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="7D986519FF8CFFE8FF0144312368F861" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="142" pageId="11" pageNumber="141" type="description">
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8CFFE8FF0144312156FE88" blockId="11.[151,1437,1380,2017]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1436,151,285]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="142" pageId="11" pageNumber="141">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8CFFEFFF014431210BFAE9" bold="true" box="[151,297,1380,1405]" pageId="11" pageNumber="141">Description.</emphasis>
Proportional measurements and meristic counts are given in 
<tableCitation id="78000329FF8CFFEFFC7C44312460FAE9" box="[1002,1090,1380,1405]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,239,155,178]" captionTargetBox="[159,1425,332,1883]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 2. Proportional measurements and counts of Apristurus longicephalus." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/61FD661AFF8EFFEDFF0141CE23C7FF26" pageId="11" pageNumber="141" tableUuid="61FD661AFF8EFFEDFF0141CE23C7FF26">Table 2</tableCitation>
. Body cylindrical, slender and elongate (
<figureCitation id="ADB92A17FF8CFFEFFE9C44DD2150FA35" box="[266,370,1416,1441]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1288,1310]" captionTargetBox="[260,1322,241,1231]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[226,1360,193,1267]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Apristurus longicephalus. A – B, ASIZP 64264, female, 258 mm TL, Keelung, Taiwan; C, Original drawing of holotype (from Nakaya, 1975); D – F, HUMZ 193669, male, 435 mm TL, Indonesia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/247150/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="141">Figure 7</figureCitation>
). Head dorso-ventrally flattened, posterior part of body compressed laterally. Snout long, narrow; tip tapering in adults, rounded in young specimens. Pre-outer nostril length greater than interorbital width, 1.4–2.2 times internarial width. Pre-oral length subequal to or slightly less than pre-orbital length, 2.2–3.2 times internarial width, 1.3–2.0 times mouth width and much greater than interorbital width. Pre-orbital length 2.0–3.0 times interorbital length, 3.5–6.0 times orbit length. Internarial width slightly greater than orbit length and nostril width. Nostril expanding obliquely inward from snout edge; length 0.3–0.6 times pre-outer nostril length. Nostrilmouth space about half of internarial width. Mouth broadly arched, with well developed labial furrows; upper labial furrow 0.9–2.2 times lower one. Upper labial furrow reaching beyond midpoint between mouth corner and posterior margin of nostril. Orbit slender and narrow, with a weak subocular fold. Spiracle small placed slightly below level of horizontal axis of orbit. Five small gill slits present; fourth gill slit above pectoral-fin origin; fifth gill slit smallest above pectoral fin base. Gill septa with projection, covered with dermal denticles. Abdomen short; P1–P2 space shorter than anal-fin base length (ceratotrichia); pectoral-fin tip always extending beyond midpoint of P1–P2 space. Pectoral fin relatively large, broad, sub-triangular; outer margin parallel to inner margin. Pelvic fin low and long, its length subequal to or slightly greater than P1–P2 space. Dorsal fins similar in shape. First dorsal fin smaller than second; origin above posterior half of pelvic-fin base; insertion slightly posterior to anal-fin origin. Second dorsal-fin origin above middle of anal-fin base; insertion anterior to anal-fin insertion. Anal fin low, with a base much longer than P1–P2 space; apex clearly posterior to first dorsal-fin insertion; posterior margin straight; anal and caudal fins separated only by a notch. Caudal fin slender; ventral lobe high but not produced: apex of ventral lobe rather rounded; subterminal notch distinct; length of terminal lobe twice caudal terminal lobe height. Caudal peduncle height subequal to pre-outer nostril length. Duodenum very long, length almost equal to valvular intestine (
<figureCitation id="ADB92A17FF8BFFE8FE9240512144FE88" box="[260,358,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1133,1155]" captionTargetBox="[316,1261,343,1091]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[226,1360,301,1112]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Digestive tract of Apristurus longicephalus (A, B) and A. herklotsi (C), showing duodenum (DU). A, holotype (HUMZ 42399); B, BSKU 27596; C, BSKU 27598. CS, cardiac stomach; IN, intestine; PA, pancreas; PS, pyloric stomach; RE, rectal gland." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/247151/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="142">Figure 8</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="61FD661AFF8BFFE8FF0145382137FB55" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/247151/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="142" targetBox="[316,1261,343,1091]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8BFFE8FF0145382137FB55" blockId="12.[151,1436,1133,1217]" pageId="12" pageNumber="142">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8BFFE8FF0145382137FB17" bold="true" box="[151,277,1133,1155]" pageId="12" pageNumber="142">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
Digestive tract of 
<taxonomicName id="F2824D11FF8BFFE8FE4C453B22F9FB17" box="[474,731,1133,1155]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Apristurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="142" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicephalus">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8BFFE8FE4C453B22F9FB17" box="[474,731,1133,1155]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="142">Apristurus longicephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(A, B) and 
<taxonomicName id="F2824D11FF8BFFE8FCCA453B23F6FB17" box="[860,980,1133,1155]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Apristurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="142" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="herklotsi">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8BFFE8FCCA453B23F6FB17" box="[860,980,1133,1155]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="142">A. herklotsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(C), showing duodenum (DU). A, holotype (HUMZ 42399); B, BSKU 27596; C, BSKU 27598. CS, cardiac stomach; IN, intestine; PA, pancreas; PS, pyloric stomach; RE, rectal gland.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8BFFE8FF5145BD25BEFA95" blockId="12.[151,1437,1256,1713]" box="[199,1436,1256,1281]" pageId="12" pageNumber="142">Intestinal spiral valves 13–17. Monospondylous vertebrae 29–33; precaudal diplospondylous vertebrae 26–35.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8BFFE8FF514459231DFAF9" blockId="12.[151,1437,1256,1713]" pageId="12" pageNumber="142">Teeth numerous and small, 35–45 rows on upper jaw, 29–40 rows on lower jaw with one long central cusp and short lateral cusps; usually one (sometimes two) lateral cusp on anterior upper jaw teeth and usually two (sometimes one) on posterior upper jaw and lower jaw teeth.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8BFFE8FF51442C21E4FA05" blockId="12.[151,1437,1256,1713]" box="[199,454,1400,1425]" pageId="12" pageNumber="142">Egg capsule unknown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8BFFE8FF5144C92175F9B4" blockId="12.[151,1437,1256,1713]" pageId="12" pageNumber="142">
Dermal denticles from dorso-lateral side of body small (
<figureCitation id="ADB92A17FF8BFFE8FCC644C92396FA21" box="[848,948,1436,1461]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1125,1147]" captionTargetBox="[229,1357,196,1100]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[226,1360,195,1103]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Dermal denticles of Apristurus longicephalus, HUMZ 42399, holotype, hermaphroditic female, 367 mm TL. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/247152/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="142">Figure 9</figureCitation>
), overlapping each other, tricuspid, with a long ridged central cusp and shorter lateral cusps; outer surface of denticles completely structured by reticulations. No modified dermal denticles on the dorsal margin of caudal fin. Dermal denticles densely present around gill slits and on gill septa.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8BFFE8FF51477923A0F925" blockId="12.[151,1437,1256,1713]" pageId="12" pageNumber="142">
Clasper stout at base (
<figureCitation id="ADB92A17FF8BFFE8FE284779220DF9D1" box="[446,559,1580,1605]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1143,1165]" captionTargetBox="[248,1323,187,1120]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[226,1360,185,1121]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Dorsal view of right clasper of Apristurus longicephalus, HUMZ 193669, male, 435 mm TL. CD, clasper denticles; ER, exorhipidion; PP, pseudopera; PS, pseudosiphon; PV, pelvic fin; RH, rhipidion. Scale bar = 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/247153/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="142">Figure 10</figureCitation>
), tapering posteriorly. Ventral and outer sides of surface densely covered with dermal denticles. Dorsal side of clasper naked and ventral and lateral sides covered with clasper denticles; clasper hooks absent on edge of exorhipidion; pseudosiphon slit-like in shape; cover rhipidion vestigial; pseudopera broad and deep; exorhipidion simple in shape, lacking free posterior end.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8BFFE8FF0147B522D3F889" blockId="12.[151,1436,1760,1821]" pageId="12" pageNumber="142">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8BFFE8FF0147B520C2F96D" bold="true" box="[151,224,1760,1785]" pageId="12" pageNumber="142">Color.</emphasis>
Upper and lower surfaces of body and fins uniformly dark brown to light grayish with blackish naked areas along fin margins. Tongue and palate blackish brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8BFFE8FF0146192368F861" blockId="12.[151,1436,1868,2037]" pageId="12" pageNumber="142">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8BFFE8FF01461920ECF8F1" bold="true" box="[151,206,1868,1893]" pageId="12" pageNumber="142">Size.</emphasis>
Maximum size 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8BFFE8FE13461921C1F8F0" box="[389,483,1868,1893]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.85" pageId="12" pageNumber="142" unit="mm" value="585.0">585 mm</quantity>
TL in male (
<figureCitation id="ADB92A17FF8BFFE8FDEE461922CAF8F1" box="[632,744,1868,1893]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1809,1831]" captionTargetBox="[245,1330,1294,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[226,1360,1245,1787]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 11. Maturity stages of Apristurus longicephalus. Open symbols, males; solid symbols, females; grey symbols, unknown sex. Asterisk indicates holotype." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/247154/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="142">Figure 11</figureCitation>
). Males less than 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8BFFE8FC2246192433F8F0" box="[948,1041,1868,1893]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.67" pageId="12" pageNumber="142" unit="mm" value="367.0">367 mm</quantity>
TL in maturity stage 1 (immature) with short claspers, less than 2.6 % TL. Males in 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8BFFE8FD564625236FF81D" box="[704,845,1904,1929]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.91" metricValueMax="4.24" metricValueMin="3.5799999999999996" pageId="12" pageNumber="142" unit="mm" value="391.0" valueMax="424.0" valueMin="358.0">358–424mm</quantity>
TL in maturity stage 2 (adolescent) with developing but soft claspers. Males more than 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8BFFE8FDA846C12297F838" box="[574,693,1940,1965]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.345" pageId="12" pageNumber="142" unit="mm" value="434.5">434.5 mm</quantity>
TL in maturity stage 3 (adult) with long, well developed and hardened claspers. Females less than 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8BFFE8FDD446ED2294F844" box="[578,694,1976,2001]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6149999999999998" pageId="12" pageNumber="142" unit="mm" value="361.5">361.5 mm</quantity>
TL in maturity stage 1. Females in 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8BFFE8FBC346ED24C9F844" box="[1109,1259,1976,2001]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.895" metricValueMax="4.11" metricValueMin="3.6799999999999997" pageId="12" pageNumber="142" unit="mm" value="389.5" valueMax="411.0" valueMin="368.0">368–411 mm</quantity>
TL in maturity stage 2. Females more than 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8BFFE8FE5946892263F860" box="[463,577,2012,2037]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.725" pageId="12" pageNumber="142" unit="mm" value="472.5">472.5 mm</quantity>
TL in maturity stage 3.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="61FD661AFF8AFFE9FF0145302105FB0E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/247152/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" targetBox="[229,1357,196,1100]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8AFFE9FF0145302105FB0E" blockId="13.[151,1436,1125,1178]" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8AFFE9FF0145302130FBEE" bold="true" box="[151,274,1125,1147]" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
Dermal denticles of 
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8AFFE9FE72453322CBFBEF" box="[484,745,1125,1147]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">
<taxonomicName id="F2824D11FF8AFFE9FE72453322C4FBEF" box="[484,742,1125,1147]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Apristurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicephalus">Apristurus longicephalus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
HUMZ 42399, holotype, hermaphroditic female, 367 mm TL. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="7D986519FF8AFFE9FF0145942547FB6A" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8AFFE9FF0145942547FB6A" blockId="13.[151,1436,1217,1278]" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8AFFE9FF0145942112FB4E" bold="true" box="[151,304,1217,1242]" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">Distribution.</emphasis>
Tosa Bay, East 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8AFFE9FE7C4594220FFB4E" box="[490,557,1217,1242]" name="China" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">China</collectingCountry>
Sea (Okinawa Trough), 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8AFFE9FCDF459423BCFB4E" box="[841,926,1217,1242]" name="Taiwan" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
, and 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8AFFE9FC4D45942403FB4E" box="[987,1057,1217,1242]" name="China" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">China</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8AFFE9FBB84594248DFB4E" box="[1070,1199,1217,1242]" name="Philippines" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">Philippines</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8AFFE9FB2A4594250BFB4E" box="[1212,1321,1217,1242]" name="Indonesia" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
(off Jawa and Sumatra), 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8AFFE9FEAD45B321CEFB6A" box="[315,492,1253,1278]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8AFFE9FE6045B02242FB6A" box="[502,608,1253,1278]" name="Australia" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">Australia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8AFFE9FDFD45B022C4FB6A" box="[619,742,1253,1278]" name="Seychelles" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
, and 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8AFFE9FCB645B02395FB6A" box="[800,951,1253,1278]" name="Mozambique" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
, at depths of 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8AFFE9FBDD45B024FAFB69" box="[1099,1240,1253,1278]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.33" metricValueMax="13.5" metricValueMin="5.16" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" unit="m" value="933.0" valueMax="1350.0" valueMin="516.0">516–1350 m</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="ADB92A17FF8AFFE9FB7145B0257AFB6A" box="[1255,1368,1253,1278]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1138,1160]" captionTargetBox="[249,1337,215,1099]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[226,1360,193,1117]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 12. Distribution of Apristurus longicephalus. Star, holotype; circle, non-types." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/247155/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">Figure 12</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7D986519FF8AFFE9FF01447823B5F812" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8AFFE9FF0144782579FA1A" blockId="13.[151,1436,1325,1926]" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8AFFE9FF0144782129FAD2" bold="true" box="[151,267,1325,1350]" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F2824D11FF8AFFE9FE89447B221EFAD2" box="[287,572,1325,1350]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Apristurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicephalus">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8AFFE9FE89447B221EFAD2" box="[287,572,1325,1350]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">Apristurus longicephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was originally described by Nakaya (1975) based on an immature “male” specimen collected from 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8AFFE9FE24440721D7FAFD" box="[434,501,1362,1385]" name="Japan" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">Japan</collectingCountry>
. This species belongs to the ‘ 
<taxonomicName id="F2824D11FF8AFFE9FCAC440423F9FAFE" box="[826,987,1361,1386]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Apristurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicephalus">longicephalus</taxonomicName>
group’ (
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8AFFE9FBAB44072459FAFD" box="[1085,1147,1362,1385]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">sensu</emphasis>
Nakaya &amp; Sato, 1999) of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="F2824D11FF8AFFE9FE9E4423215CFA19" box="[264,382,1398,1421]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Apristurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8AFFE9FE9E4423215CFA19" box="[264,382,1398,1421]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">Apristurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; see remarks of 
<taxonomicName id="F2824D11FF8AFFE9FDA14423229AFA1A" box="[567,696,1397,1422]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Apristurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="herklotsi">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8AFFE9FDA14423229AFA1A" box="[567,696,1397,1422]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">A. herklotsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in further notes on the species of the ‘ 
<taxonomicName id="F2824D11FF8AFFE9FBF444202521FA1A" box="[1122,1283,1397,1422]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Apristurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicephalus">longicephalus</taxonomicName>
group’.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8AFFE9FF5144CC2132F9D6" blockId="13.[151,1436,1325,1926]" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">
Both 
<taxonomicName id="F2824D11FF8AFFE9FE9144CF2235FA26" box="[263,535,1433,1458]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Apristurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicphalus">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8AFFE9FE9144CF2235FA26" box="[263,535,1433,1458]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">Apristurus longicphalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="F2824D11FF8AFFE9FDC444CF22F4FA26" box="[594,726,1433,1458]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Apristurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="herklotsi">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8AFFE9FDC444CF22F4FA26" box="[594,726,1433,1458]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">A. herklotsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appear in 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8AFFE9FCC444CC2385FA26" box="[850,935,1433,1458]" name="Taiwan" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
, and they are clearly distinguishable by the position of first dorsal fin origin (above pelvic fin base in 
<taxonomicName id="F2824D11FF8AFFE9FCB144EB23C6FA42" box="[807,996,1469,1494]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Apristurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicephalus">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8AFFE9FCB144EB23C6FA42" box="[807,996,1469,1494]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">A. longicephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs. behind pelvic base in 
<taxonomicName id="F2824D11FF8AFFE9FA9C44EB25AEFA42" box="[1290,1420,1469,1494]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Apristurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="herklotsi">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8AFFE9FA9C44EB25AEFA42" box="[1290,1420,1469,1494]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">A. herklotsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), number of spiral valves (
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8AFFE9FE2144B7223FFA6E" box="[439,541,1505,1530]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" metricValueMax="4.318" metricValueMin="3.302" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" unit="in" value="15.0" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="13.0">13–17 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="F2824D11FF8AFFE9FDB044B722C6FA6E" box="[550,740,1505,1530]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Apristurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicephalus">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8AFFE9FDB044B722C6FA6E" box="[550,740,1505,1530]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">A. longicephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs. 
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8AFFE9FC8144B7234CFA6E" box="[791,878,1505,1530]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" metricValueMax="3.048" metricValueMin="2.032" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" unit="in" value="10.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="8.0">8–12 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="F2824D11FF8AFFE9FCE144B723D8FA6E" box="[887,1018,1505,1530]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Apristurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="herklotsi">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8AFFE9FCE144B723D8FA6E" box="[887,1018,1505,1530]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">A. herklotsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), length of duodenum (considerably long, almost equal to the valvular intestine in 
<taxonomicName id="F2824D11FF8AFFE9FD53475323A5F98A" box="[709,903,1541,1566]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Apristurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicephalus">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8AFFE9FD53475323A5F98A" box="[709,903,1541,1566]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">A. longicephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs. very short in 
<taxonomicName id="F2824D11FF8AFFE9FBF3475324CEF98A" box="[1125,1260,1541,1566]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Apristurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="herklotsi">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8AFFE9FBF3475324CEF98A" box="[1125,1260,1541,1566]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">A. herklotsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), among other characters.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8AFFE9FF5147182531F8F6" blockId="13.[151,1436,1325,1926]" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">
Iglésias 
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8AFFE9FEBA471B2145F9F2" box="[300,359,1613,1638]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">et al</emphasis>
. (2005b) reported hermaphroditism in 
<taxonomicName id="F2824D11FF8AFFE9FCDF471B244EF9F2" box="[841,1132,1613,1638]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Apristurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicephalus">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8AFFE9FCDF471B244EF9F2" box="[841,1132,1613,1638]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">Apristurus longicephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the first case in the elasmobranch fishes. Nakaya (1975) described 
<taxonomicName id="F2824D11FF8AFFE9FD3E47272346F91E" box="[680,868,1649,1674]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Apristurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicephalus">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8AFFE9FD3E47272346F91E" box="[680,868,1649,1674]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">A. longicephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on an immature “male” 
<typeStatus id="EA398830FF8AFFE9FB2847242502F91E" box="[1214,1312,1649,1674]" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
with small claspers, but Iglésias 
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8AFFE9FE1147C2219BF93A" box="[391,441,1685,1710]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">et al</emphasis>
. (2005b) found the 
<typeStatus id="EA398830FF8AFFE9FD0F47C022D9F93A" box="[665,763,1685,1710]" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
to have been an adolescent hermaphroditic “female” with a developing ovary. They also pointed out that the ratios of hermaphroditism in this species differed by region (i.e., 49 out of 
<specimenCount id="2384FD1BFF8AFFE9FE90478821BCF962" box="[262,414,1757,1782]" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" type="generic">50 specimens</specimenCount>
were hermaphroditic and only one was gonochoristic in 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8AFFE9FBB2478B24F6F962" box="[1060,1236,1757,1782]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
, and 18 out of 
<specimenCount id="2384FD1BFF8AFFE9FA16478B212EF88E" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" type="generic">22 specimens</specimenCount>
were hermaphroditic in Japanese waters, while all six specimens were gonochoristic in the Indian Ocean). The present specimen from 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8AFFE9FDAB467022ADF8AA" box="[573,655,1829,1854]" name="Taiwan" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
is a small “male” (
<quantity id="F27A9B77FF8AFFE9FCE5467023F7F8A9" box="[883,981,1829,1854]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" unit="mm" value="255.0">255 mm</quantity>
TL) with undeveloped claspers, but its functional (true) sex could not be determined, because its internal sexual organs are not developed yet.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="353D3692FF8AFFE9FF51463823B5F812" blockId="13.[151,1436,1325,1926]" box="[199,919,1901,1926]" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">
This is the first report of 
<taxonomicName id="F2824D11FF8AFFE9FE49463B22DBF812" box="[479,761,1901,1926]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Apristurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="143" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicephalus">
<emphasis id="07F6EA80FF8AFFE9FE49463B22DBF812" box="[479,761,1901,1926]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">Apristurus longicephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingCountry id="4D957602FF8AFFE9FCAB463823B1F812" box="[829,915,1901,1926]" name="Taiwan" pageId="13" pageNumber="143">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>