397 lines
50 KiB
XML
397 lines
50 KiB
XML
<document id="59AD55B8C10CECDF7BE91BC0129EA25B" ID-CLB-Dataset="8413" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4853.4.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0ffa72e0-c3b8-4c3c-8b64-a39dab962daa" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4411060" ID-ZooBank="948793DC-3873-4C14-8239-E30ED790E56A" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1609605308474" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pivar, Robert J., Sinclair, Bradley J. & Moulton, John K." docDate="2020" docId="038F6D29FFCCFFA685DBFC25FF6B157E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4853.4.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4853 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Austrothaumalea chilensis Edwards 1930" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="515" masterDocId="FFB61551FFC9FFA0854CFFD3FF951007" masterDocTitle="Revision of the South American species of Austrothaumalea Tonnoir (Diptera Thaumaleidae)" masterLastPageNumber="526" masterPageNumber="509" pageNumber="514" updateTime="1698851343633" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="1A849AB693D4D0794EB2EFA138C00E72">Revision of the South American species of Austrothaumalea Tonnoir (Diptera Thaumaleidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6221BB2AAE309CD13EEDF5D36369FAA2">Pivar, Robert J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="EE424C0C6C78226D1707ADE44C340C77" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2642-0524</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="8616F69075B2B0D8ADE3B1C150FA174C">The University of Tennessee, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, 2505 E. J. Chapman Drive, 370 Plant Biotechnology Building, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996, U. S. A. & robertjpivar @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2642 - 0524</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="FB95A5F365BCE462548FCC16542C5B79" type="email">robertjpivar@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="23D03B5F0C30C0C70DD529B532E9A0FF">Sinclair, Bradley J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E2F01A8E7B10414D810A3851AC297F5B">Canadian National Collection of Insects and Canadian Food Inspection Agency, K. W. Neatby Building, C. E. F., 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K 1 A 0 C 6. bradley. sinclair @ canada. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6413 - 1606</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="3D770F994F46227C0B28348B91E88AC1" type="email">bradley.sinclair@canada.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="C76C0AADDADADBFFE1D62C789F278029">Moulton, John K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FD478D7F06B75E5FF6749615F0828825">The University of Tennessee, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, 2505 E. J. Chapman Drive, 370 Plant Biotechnology Building, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996, U. S. A. & jmoulton @ utk. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8760 - 3274</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="9741DDD71056DCFDBA31DAF08EE97A9D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="BBE2FC5902A58C3F9AD91AD85C65FD20">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="038F6D29FFCCFFA685DBFC25FF6B157E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4410955" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177255630" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4410955" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F6D29FFCCFFA685DBFC25FF6B157E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038F6D29FFCCFFA685DBFC25FF6B157E" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="515" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">
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<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFCCFFA585DBFC25FDC71416" blockId="5.[151,594,1014,1077]" box="[151,594,1014,1041]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">
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<taxonomicName id="4C26A7BCFFCCFFA585DBFC25FDC71416" ID-CoL="JYDV" authority="Edwards" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1930" box="[151,594,1014,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Thaumaleidae" genus="Austrothaumalea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chilensis">
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<emphasis id="B952002DFFCCFFA585DBFC25FDC71416" bold="true" box="[151,594,1014,1041]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">
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<emphasis id="B952002DFFCCFFA585DBFC25FE4E1416" bold="true" box="[151,475,1014,1041]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">Austrothaumalea chilensis</emphasis>
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Edwards
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33C8FB4FFCCFFA585DBFBC8FD9C1432" box="[151,521,1050,1077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFCCFFA585DBFBC8FD9C1432" blockId="5.[151,594,1014,1077]" box="[151,521,1050,1077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">
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(
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<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFCCFFA585D3FBC8FF6F1432" box="[159,250,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1622,1646]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,669,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-267@4.[151,1436,669,1599]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Adult habitus photographs of Austrothaumalea, lateral view. A, A. apicalis (♂); B, A. spatulata (♂); C, A. chilensis (♂); D, A. fredericki sp. nov. (♂); E, A. setipennis stat. rev. (♀). R2+3, second + third radial vein. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411066/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">Figs 3C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFCCFFA5844AFBC8FEBC1432" box="[262,297,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,197,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[151,1436,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ventral views of male Austrothaumalea terminalia. A, A. apicalis; B, A. chilensis; C, A. fredericki sp.nov.; D, A. setipennis stat. rev.; E, A. spatulata. Abbreviations: c, cercus; gcx, gonocoxite; gcxP, gonocoxal plate; gst, gonostylus; hypd, hypandrium; pm, paramere.Arrow denotes apical epandrial projection. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411068" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411068/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">4B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFCCFFA58479FBC9FEC21432" box="[309,343,1050,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,280,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-79@8.[151,1436,273,1870]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Lateral views of male Austrothaumalea terminalia. A, A. apicalis; B, A. chilensis; C, A. fredericki sp. nov.; D, A. setipennis stat. rev.; E, A. spatulata. Abbreviations: c, cercus; epand, epandrium; gcx, gonocoxite; gcxP, gonocoxal plate; gst, gonostylus; hypd, hypandrium; pm, paramere. Arrow denotes apical epandrial projection. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411070" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411070/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">5B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFCCFFA58428FBC8FE121432" box="[356,391,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[174,1435,208,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-30@10.[151,1436,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Ventral views of female Austrothaumalea terminalia. A, A. apicalis; B, A. chilensis; C, A. setipennis stat. rev.; D, A. spatulata. Abbreviations: c, cercus; gen fk, genital fork; hypct, hypoproct; hyp vlv, hypogynial valve; lat arm, lateral arms; spthc, spermatheca.. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411072" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411072/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">6B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFCCFFA584DEFBC8FE201432" box="[402,437,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1848,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,345,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-106@12.[151,1436,345,1825]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Lateral views of female Austrothaumalea terminalia. A, A. apicalis; B, A. chilensis; C, A. setipennis stat. rev.; D, A. spatulata. Abbreviations: c, cercus; gen fk, genital fork; hypct, hypoproct; hyp vlv, hypogynial valve; lat arm, lateral arm; spthc p, spermathecal pump. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411074" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411074/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">7B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFCCFFA5848DFBC8FE451432" box="[449,464,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1281,1305]" captionTargetBox="[275,1311,181,1258]" captionTargetId="figure-30@14.[275,1311,181,1258]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Known distribution of South American Austrothaumalea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411076" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411076/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">8</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFCCFFA58491FBC8FD941432" box="[477,513,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1602,1626]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,344,1578]" captionTargetId="figure-93@15.[151,1436,344,1578]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 9. Examples of Austrothaumalea habitats in Chile. A, rock face seep where A. chilensis and A. setipennis stat. rev. were collected (38°13′20.3″S 71°44′41.1″W); B, collection site of A. fredericki sp.nov. (41°08.47′S 72°35.28′W); C, collection site of A. spatulata (34°59′48.8″S 70°48′37.0″W); D, northernmost collection site of A. spatulata in the Chilean Matorral, inset showing small trickle of water where specimen was collected (34°46′29.2″S 70°40′03.9″W)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411078/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">9A</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33C8FB4FFCCFFA585DBFB8CFBBD14B2" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFCCFFA585DBFB8CFDEE1470" blockId="5.[151,1437,1119,1205]" box="[151,635,1119,1143]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB36FB11FFCCFFA585DBFB8CFDEE1470" box="[151,635,1119,1143]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A87FA2EFFCCFFA585DBFB8CFDE31470" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[151,630,1119,1143]" page="111" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" year="1930">
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<taxonomicName id="4C26A7BCFFCCFFA585DBFB8CFDE31470" ID-CoL="JYDV" authority="Edwards, 1930: 111" authorityName="Edwards" authorityPageNumber="111" authorityYear="1930" box="[151,630,1119,1143]" class="Insecta" family="Thaumaleidae" genus="Austrothaumalea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chilensis">
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<emphasis id="B952002DFFCCFFA585DBFB8CFE311470" box="[151,420,1119,1143]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">Austrothaumalea chilensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB7A1CEFFCCFFA584E6FB8CFDE31470" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[426,630,1119,1143]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" refId="ref10132" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1930) Part II: Bibionidae, Scatopsidae, Cecidomyiidae, Culicidae, Thaumaleidae (Orphnephilidae), Anisopodidae (Rhyphidae). In: Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile based on material in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 2. British Museum of Natural History, London, pp. 111 - 114." type="book" year="1930">Edwards, 1930: 111</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFCCFFA585DBFBADFBBD14B2" blockId="5.[151,1437,1119,1205]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">
|
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Other references:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7A1CEFFCCFFA5841DFBADFD9C1491" author="Stuardo, C." box="[337,521,1150,1174]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" refId="ref10921" refString="Stuardo, C. (1946) Catalogo de los Dipteros de Chile. Imprenta Universitaria, Santiago de Chile, 253 pp." type="book" year="1946">Stuardo, 1946: 42</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(catalogue);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7A1CEFFCCFFA587DFFBADFCBE1491" author="Stone, A." box="[659,811,1150,1174]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" pagination="1 - 2" refId="ref10945" refString="Stone, A. (1966) 13. Family Thaumaleidae (Orphnephilidae). In: A Catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas South of the United States. Departamento de Zoologia, Secretaria da Agricultura, Sao Paulo, pp. 1 - 2." type="book chapter" year="1966">Stone, 1966: 1</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(catalogue);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7A1CEFFCCFFA586FFFBADFBE31491" author="Arnaud Jr., P. H." box="[947,1142,1150,1174]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" pagination="283 - 285" refId="ref9820" refString="Arnaud Jr., P. H. (1977) Thaumaleidae. In: Hurlbert, S. H. (Ed.), Biota Acuatica de Sudamerica Austral. San Diego State University, San Diego, California, pp. 283 - 285." type="book chapter" year="1977">Arnaud, 1977: 284</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(distribution);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7A1CEFFCCFFA5805FFBADFEB814B3" author="Theischinger, G." pageId="5" pageNumber="514" pagination="291 - 317" refId="ref10993" refString="Theischinger, G. (1986) Australian Thaumaleidae (Insecta: Diptera). Records of the Australian Museum, 38, 291 - 317. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.38.1986.184" type="journal article" year="1986">Theischinger, 1986: 316</bibRefCitation>
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||
(phylogenetic discussion);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7A1CEFFCCFFA58709FB4FFC9114B2" author="Sinclair, B. J." box="[581,772,1180,1205]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref10816" refString="Sinclair, B. J. (2008 b) New species of Austrothaumalea Tonnoir from Australia (Diptera: Thaumaleidae). Records of the Austra- lian Museum, 60, 1 - 12. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.60.2008.1490" type="journal article" year="2008">Sinclair, 2008b: 11</bibRefCitation>
|
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(
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C26A7BCFFCCFFA5865FFB4EFC1D14B3" ID-CoL="JYDS" authorityName="Theischinger" authorityYear="1986" box="[787,904,1181,1204]" class="Insecta" family="Thaumaleidae" genus="Austrothaumalea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capricornis">
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||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFCCFFA5865FFB4EFC1D14B3" box="[787,904,1181,1204]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">capricornis</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
species group).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33C8FB4FFCCFFA585DBFB30FAB6161A" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFCCFFA585DBFB30FDB1158A" blockId="5.[151,1437,1250,2039]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">
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<emphasis id="B952002DFFCCFFA585DBFB30FE5C14FB" bold="true" box="[151,457,1250,1277]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">Type material examined.</emphasis>
|
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<materialsCitation id="3B4ED662FFCCFFA58499FB30FA0C1542" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3031308304" collectingDate="1926-12-17" collectingDateMax="1926-12-19" collectingDateMin="1926-12-17" collectionCode="TYPE, BMNH" collectorName="F. W. Edwards" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" specimenCode="NHMUK010210688" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFCCFFA58499FB30FDDE14FA" bold="true" box="[469,587,1251,1277]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D629DFFCCFFA58499FB30FDD314FA" box="[469,582,1251,1277]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2017B6FFCCFFA58714FB30FDFA14FA" box="[600,623,1251,1277]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, minuten pinned with abdomen mounted in resin, labelled: “Ancud./
|
||
<date id="FF98FAFFFFCCFFA585DBFAD4FEDC1526" box="[151,329,1287,1313]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" value="1926-12-17" valueMax="1926-12-19" valueMin="1926-12-17">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDC0317FFCCFFA585DBFAD4FEDC1526" box="[151,329,1287,1313]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" value="1926-12-17" valueMax="1926-12-19" valueMin="1926-12-17">17–19.xii.1926</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.”; “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26A7BCFFCCFFA5843CFAD4FDA71526" authorityName="Tonnoir. Two" authorityYear="1927" box="[368,562,1287,1313]" class="Insecta" family="Thaumaleidae" genus="Austrothaumalea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Austrothaumalea</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26A7BCFFCCFFA58709FAD4FD321526" authority="Edw." authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1930" box="[581,679,1287,1313]" class="Insecta" family="Thaumaleidae" genus="Austrothaumalea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chilensis">chilensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Edw./
|
||
<collectorName id="26D3B9E9FFCCFFA587B0FAD4FC0E1526" box="[764,923,1287,1313]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">F.W. Edwards</collectorName>
|
||
/ det. 1930.”; “
|
||
<collectorName id="26D3B9E9FFCCFFA58101FAD4FB3B1526" box="[1101,1198,1287,1313]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">S. Chile</collectorName>
|
||
:/ Chiloe I./
|
||
<collectorName id="26D3B9E9FFCCFFA58071FAD4FE951542" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">F. & M. Edwards.</collectorName>
|
||
/ B.M. 1927 – 63.”; “HOLO-/
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3744FAFFCCFFA58728FAF8FD3F1542" box="[612,682,1323,1349]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">TYPE</collectionCode>
|
||
[white label with red margin]”; “
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB807444FFCCFFA58162FAF8FA8E1542" box="[1070,1307,1323,1349]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" type="Museum">NHMUK010210688</specimenCode>
|
||
” (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3744FAFFCCFFA5807AFAF8FA051542" box="[1334,1424,1323,1349]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4ED662FFCCFFA585DBFA9DFD40156E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3031308314" box="[151,725,1358,1385]" collectingDate="1926-12-17" collectingDateMax="1926-12-19" collectingDateMin="1926-12-17" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="F. W. Edwards" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="allotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFCCFFA585DBFA9DFE93156F" bold="true" box="[151,262,1358,1384]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D629DFFCCFFA585DBFA9DFE95156F" box="[151,256,1358,1384]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2017B6FFCCFFA58441FA9CFEB7156E" box="[269,290,1359,1385]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, same label data as holotype (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3744FAFFCCFFA5873EFA9CFD59156E" box="[626,716,1359,1385]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4ED662FFCCFFA58793FA9CFDB5158A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3031308319" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="Region X" country="Chile" location="Los Lagos" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="4" stateProvince="Los Lagos" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFCCFFA58793FA9CFCF5156E" bold="true" box="[735,864,1359,1385]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D629DFFCCFFA58793FA9CFCCE156E" box="[735,859,1359,1385]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3319CAFFFCCFFA5862BFA9CFC2B156E" box="[871,958,1359,1385]" name="Chile" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">CHILE</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectorName id="26D3B9E9FFCCFFA58684FA9CFBA1156E" box="[968,1076,1359,1385]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">Region X</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E212DDFFCCFFA5810FFA9CFB55156E" box="[1091,1216,1359,1385]" country="Chile" name="Los Lagos" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">Los Lagos</collectingRegion>
|
||
): Casa Pangue (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2017B6FFCCFFA5803FFA9CFA02156E" box="[1395,1431,1359,1385]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3744FAFFCCFFA585DBFAA0FF65158A" box="[151,240,1395,1421]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
); Ancud (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2017B6FFCCFFA58411FAA0FE17158A" box="[349,386,1395,1421]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2017B6FFCCFFA584C2FAA0FE24158A" box="[398,433,1395,1421]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3744FAFFCCFFA584F3FAA0FD8D158A" box="[447,536,1395,1421]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFCCFFA5858BFA45FAB6161A" blockId="5.[151,1437,1250,2039]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFCCFFA5858BFA45FEC815B7" bold="true" box="[199,349,1430,1456]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">Recognition.</emphasis>
|
||
The gonocoxal plate with long, lateroapical teeth, and the cruciate paramere are characters that readily distinguish this species. The lateral, cross-like projections on the paramere are located apically, not concealed by the gonocoxal plate and are much shorter than those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26A7BCFFCCFFA58667FA0CFC2215FE" authorityName="Pivar & Sinclair & Moulton" authorityYear="2020" box="[811,951,1503,1529]" class="Insecta" family="Thaumaleidae" genus="Austrothaumalea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fredericki">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFCCFFA58667FA0CFC2215FE" box="[811,951,1503,1529]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">A. fredericki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This is also the only known thaumaleid in South American to have the gonocoxal plate secondarily fused to the ventral surface of the hypandrium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33C8FB4FFCCFFA6858BF9F5FCF8147A" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="515" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFCCFFA5858BF9F5FC3916AA" blockId="5.[151,1437,1250,2039]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFCCFFA5858BF9F5FE551646" bold="true" box="[199,448,1574,1601]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">Redescription. Male.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFCCFFA58484F9F4FE431647" box="[456,470,1575,1600]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 4.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFCCFFA5875EF9F4FDF51646" box="[530,608,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">Length</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE71DAFFCCFFA58724F9F4FD4B1646" box="[616,734,1575,1601]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="514" unit="mm" value="2.15" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="2.0">2–2.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFCCFFA587A5F9F4FCE71646" box="[745,882,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">Colouration</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFCCFFA586CFF9F4FC491646" box="[899,988,1575,1601]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1622,1646]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,669,1599]" captionTargetId="figure-267@4.[151,1436,669,1599]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Adult habitus photographs of Austrothaumalea, lateral view. A, A. apicalis (♂); B, A. spatulata (♂); C, A. chilensis (♂); D, A. fredericki sp. nov. (♂); E, A. setipennis stat. rev. (♀). R2+3, second + third radial vein. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411066/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Head dull, dark brown; pronotum and postpronotum brown; postpronotal lobe brown; mesoscutum and pleura brown, somewhat shiny; scutellum and mediotergite brown, shiny; katepisternum dark brown; halter brown, dark at apex of knob; legs pale brown, apices of femora and tarsi darkened; abdomen dark brown; terminalia brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFCCFFA5858BF964FB5A171E" blockId="5.[151,1437,1250,2039]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFCCFFA5858BF964FE9116D6" box="[199,260,1719,1745]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. Eyes above antennae broadly joined, frons above antennae barely exposed. Flagellomeres 1–3 expanded, subquadrate; 1 as long as 2 and 3 combined; flagellomeres 4–10 thin, cylindrical, becoming progressively more elongate. Vertex clothed in golden setae of uniform length, with sparse, long, black orbital setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFCCFFA5858BF8F0FEE81782" blockId="5.[151,1437,1250,2039]" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFCCFFA5858BF8F0FE8D173A" box="[199,280,1827,1853]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
. Pronotal setae longer than scutal setae. Scutum clothed dorsally in short, golden setulae; notopleural, supra-alar and postsutural setae long, black. Pteropleuron bare. Fore- and mid legs with tarsi simple, hind leg with tarsomere 4 bilobed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFCCFFA6858BF85CFBA710D2" blockId="5.[151,1437,1250,2039]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,1401]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="515" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFCCFFA5858BF85CFE9417AF" box="[199,257,1935,1960]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">Wing</emphasis>
|
||
. Wing length: 2.2–3.0 mm. Lightly infuscate throughout, apex broadly rounded; C and posterior wing margin with fringe of microtrichia; Sc incomplete; R
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFCCFFA587AEF816FD7F17D4" attach="left" box="[738,746,1989,2003]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">1</subScript>
|
||
and R
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFCCFFA5867EF816FCAF17D4" attach="left" box="[818,826,1989,2003]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">1</subScript>
|
||
(+R
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFCCFFA5862AF816FCEA17D4" attach="left" box="[870,895,1989,2003]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">2+3</subScript>
|
||
) without weakenings or depigmented gaps, with uniseriate row of microtrichia along entire length, remaining veins bare; R flexed into cell br; R
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFCCFFA581F3F83AFB4D17F0" attach="left" box="[1215,1240,2025,2039]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="514">2+3</subScript>
|
||
crossvein strong, situated toward apex of R
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFCFFFA684F7FF7AFE5610B0" attach="left" box="[443,451,169,183]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">1</subScript>
|
||
(+R
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFCFFFA684A2FF7AFD9D10B0" attach="left" box="[494,520,169,183]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">2+3</subScript>
|
||
); bend in R
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFCFFFA687DCFF7AFD3F10B0" attach="left" box="[656,682,169,183]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">4+5</subScript>
|
||
well-defined; R
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFCFFFA6862DFF7AFCEE10B0" attach="left" box="[865,891,169,183]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">4+5</subScript>
|
||
and M
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFCFFFA68680FF7AFC4110B0" attach="left" box="[972,980,169,183]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">1</subScript>
|
||
running parallel toward margin; M
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFCFFFA68028FF7AFAF910B0" attach="left" box="[1380,1388,169,183]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">1</subScript>
|
||
and M
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFCFFFA685FCFF1EFF2D10DC" attach="left" box="[176,184,205,219]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">2</subScript>
|
||
straight; M
|
||
<subScript id="17A2DE7AFFCFFFA68477FF1EFED610DC" attach="left" box="[315,323,205,219]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">4</subScript>
|
||
slightly sinuous; CuA with basal spur shorter than crossvein m-cu.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFCFFFA6858BFF0CFA161162" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1401]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFCFFFA6858BFF0CFEA410FE" box="[199,305,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
. Abdominal sternite 1 narrow, spectacle-shaped; sternite 2 reduced to slender median sclerite, few setae on posterior margin; sternites 3–6 rectangular, weakly sclerotized, setae largely restricted to posterior half; sternite 7 semi-circular, a few setae on posterior margin, weakly sclerotized except for anterior margin, arched slightly into preceding sternite; sternite 8 crescent-shaped, bare, well sclerotized, strongly arched into preceding sternite.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFCFFFA6858BFEBCFB891282" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1401]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFCFFFA6858BFEBCFED4118E" box="[199,321,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">Terminalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFCFFFA6841CFEBCFE3E118E" box="[336,427,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,197,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[151,1436,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ventral views of male Austrothaumalea terminalia. A, A. apicalis; B, A. chilensis; C, A. fredericki sp.nov.; D, A. setipennis stat. rev.; E, A. spatulata. Abbreviations: c, cercus; gcx, gonocoxite; gcxP, gonocoxal plate; gst, gonostylus; hypd, hypandrium; pm, paramere.Arrow denotes apical epandrial projection. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411068" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411068/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">Figs 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFCFFFA684FBFEBDFE4E118E" box="[439,475,366,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,280,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-79@8.[151,1436,273,1870]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Lateral views of male Austrothaumalea terminalia. A, A. apicalis; B, A. chilensis; C, A. fredericki sp. nov.; D, A. setipennis stat. rev.; E, A. spatulata. Abbreviations: c, cercus; epand, epandrium; gcx, gonocoxite; gcxP, gonocoxal plate; gst, gonostylus; hypd, hypandrium; pm, paramere. Arrow denotes apical epandrial projection. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411070" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411070/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">5B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Epandrium elongate-oval from ventral aspect; apical third slightly tapered; posterior margin broad and rounded; lacking pointed posterolateral processes. Hypandrium broad in ventral view, wider than basal width of gonostylus; anterior margin not concave. Gonocoxite broadest basally, inner margin parallel, smooth. Gonostylus shorter than gonocoxite, gently curved throughout, tapered to point. Parameres distally fused, three-quarters length of epandrium, apex cruciform. Gonocoxal plate with well sclerotized base divided into two lateral, sclerotized arms terminating in 2–4 long apical teeth, arranged irregularly; nearly three-quarters length of gonocoxite; inner basal third lightly sclerotized, apical two-thirds membranous; secondarily fused to ventral surface of hypandrium. Cercus weakly sclerotized, situated along midline of epandrium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFCFFFA6858BFD5CFCE613CE" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1401]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFCFFFA6858BFD5CFEB012AE" bold="true" box="[199,293,655,681]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFCFFFA6847CFD5CFEAB12AF" box="[304,318,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 2. Similar to male except as follows:
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFCFFFA68656FD5CFCFD12AE" box="[794,872,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">Length</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE71DAFFCFFFA68635FD5CFB9212AE" box="[889,1031,655,681]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" unit="mm" value="1.95" valueMax="2.1" valueMin="1.8">1.8–2.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFCFFFA68158FD5CFBEB12AE" box="[1044,1150,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: Tergites 8–9 noticeably more sclerotized than preceding segments; only anterior margin of sternite 7 well-sclerotized.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFCFFFA681FFFD60FAB812CA" box="[1203,1325,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">Terminalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFCFFFA68070FD60FA0D12CA" box="[1340,1432,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[174,1435,208,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-30@10.[151,1436,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Ventral views of female Austrothaumalea terminalia. A, A. apicalis; B, A. chilensis; C, A. setipennis stat. rev.; D, A. spatulata. Abbreviations: c, cercus; gen fk, genital fork; hypct, hypoproct; hyp vlv, hypogynial valve; lat arm, lateral arms; spthc, spermatheca.. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411072" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411072/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">Figs 6B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFCFFFA685DBFD04FF2912F6" box="[151,188,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1848,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,345,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-106@12.[151,1436,345,1825]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Lateral views of female Austrothaumalea terminalia. A, A. apicalis; B, A. chilensis; C, A. setipennis stat. rev.; D, A. spatulata. Abbreviations: c, cercus; gen fk, genital fork; hypct, hypoproct; hyp vlv, hypogynial valve; lat arm, lateral arm; spthc p, spermathecal pump. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411074" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411074/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">7B</figureCitation>
|
||
): Hypogynial valve slightly shorter than tergite 9; posterior margin with rounded shallow cleft in ventral view; densely setose. Tergite 9 rectangular in lateral view, wider than tergite 8, posterodorsal corner projected posteriorly. Sternite 9 (genital fork) connected anteriorly, then divided into two thin arms, projecting laterally before cleft of hypogynial valve and expanded into rounded sclerite; lateral arms extended slightly beyond hypogynial valve, arms nearly meeting along midline; spectacle-shaped in lateral view, with anterior portion circular and posterior portion trapezoidal. Cercus rounded, projected posteriorly; bearing numerous setae. Spermathecal ducts not observed; spermathecal pump located in middle of lateral arm, short, thickened.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFCFFFA6858BFC00FD8213EA" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1401]" box="[199,535,978,1005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFCFFFA6858BFC00FE0F13EB" bold="true" box="[199,410,978,1005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">Immature Stages.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFCFFFA6858BFC25FCF8147A" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1401]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFCFFFA6858BFC25FDA91417" bold="true" box="[199,572,1014,1040]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">Additional Material Examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4ED662FFCFFFA6870DFC24FC361415" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3031308312" box="[577,931,1015,1042]" collectionCode="RM" collectorName="Region" country="Chile" location="Santiago" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Region Metropolitana">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3319CAFFFCFFFA6870DFC24FD0D1416" box="[577,664,1015,1041]" name="Chile" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">CHILE</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectorName id="26D3B9E9FFCFFFA687EEFC24FD661416" box="[674,755,1015,1041]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">Region</collectorName>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3744FAFFCFFFA687B5FC24FCB01416" box="[761,805,1015,1041]" country="Canada" name="McGill University, Redpath Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" type="Museum">RM</collectionCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E212DDFFCFFFA6867EFC24FC0E1415" box="[818,923,1015,1042]" country="Chile" name="Region Metropolitana" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">Santiago</collectingRegion>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4ED662FFCFFFA686E1FC24FE431432" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3031308310" collectingDate="1967-01-10" collectionCode="CAS" collectorName="E. I. Schlinger" country="Chile" elevation="950" latitude="-33.616665" location="El Canelo" longLatPrecision="1204" longitude="-71.583336" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<location id="8EF98AE4FFCFFFA686E1FC24FB8B1416" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F6D29FFCCFFA685DBFC25FF6B157E:8EF98AE4FFCFFFA686E1FC24FB8B1416" box="[941,1054,1015,1041]" country="Chile" latitude="-33.616665" longLatPrecision="1204" longitude="-71.583336" name="El Canelo" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">El Canelo</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF98FAFFFFCFFFA68164FC24FB0F1416" box="[1064,1178,1015,1041]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" value="1967-01-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDC0317FFCFFFA68164FC24FB0F1416" box="[1064,1178,1015,1041]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" value="1967-01-10">10-I-1967</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE12BAF8FFCFFFA681E9FC2BFB6B1414" box="[1189,1278,1016,1043]" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" precision="925" value="-33.616665">33°37′S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE12BAF8FFCFFFA68048FC2BFAFD1414" box="[1284,1384,1016,1043]" degrees="71" direction="west" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" precision="925" value="-71.583336">71°35′W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE71DAFFCFFFA6803EFC25FF3A1432" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" unit="m" value="950.0">
|
||
<elevation id="000B3B0CFFCFFFA6803EFC25FF3A1432" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" unit="m" value="950.0">950 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26D3B9E9FFCFFFA685F6FBC8FEC61432" box="[186,339,1051,1077]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">E.I. Schlinger</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2017B6FFCFFFA68428FBC8FE1D1432" box="[356,392,1051,1077]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3744FAFFCFFFA684DFFBC8FE5B1432" box="[403,462,1051,1077]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4ED662FFCFFFA68493FBC8FE5C145E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3031308301" collectingDate="2016-12-15" collectionCode="R" collectorName="J. K. Moulton" country="Chile" elevation="1047" latitude="-38.222305" location="Rte." longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-71.74474" municipality="Region" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Araucania">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFD4645FFCFFFA68493FBC8FDA51432" box="[479,560,1051,1077]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">Region</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
IX (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E212DDFFCFFFA6872DFBC8FD491432" box="[609,732,1051,1077]" country="Chile" name="Araucania" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">Araucanía</collectingRegion>
|
||
):
|
||
<location id="8EF98AE4FFCFFFA687A1FBC8FC8E1432" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F6D29FFCCFFA685DBFC25FF6B157E:8EF98AE4FFCFFFA687A1FBC8FC8E1432" box="[749,795,1051,1077]" country="Chile" latitude="-38.222305" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-71.74474" municipality="Region" name="Rte." pageId="6" pageNumber="515" stateProvince="Araucania">Rte.</location>
|
||
71,
|
||
<date id="FF98FAFFFFCFFFA68606FBC9FC4F1432" box="[842,986,1050,1077]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" value="2016-12-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDC0317FFCFFFA68606FBC9FC4F1432" box="[842,986,1050,1077]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" value="2016-12-15">15-XII-2016</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE12BAF8FFCFFFA686A8FBCFFBEC1430" box="[996,1145,1052,1079]" degrees="38" direction="south" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" precision="1" seconds="20.3" value="-38.222305">38°13′20.3″S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE12BAF8FFCFFFA681CCFBCFFAB51430" box="[1152,1312,1052,1079]" degrees="71" direction="west" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" precision="1" seconds="41.1" value="-71.74474">71°44′41.1″W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, elev.
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE71DAFFCFFFA68028FBC8FF3A145E" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.047" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" unit="m" value="1047.0">
|
||
<elevation id="000B3B0CFFCFFFA68028FBC8FF3A145E" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.047" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" unit="m" value="1047.0">1047 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, seep,
|
||
<collectorName id="26D3B9E9FFCFFFA685B6FBECFE1B145E" box="[250,398,1087,1113]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">J.K. Moulton</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3744FAFFCFFFA684FEFBECFE5C145E" box="[434,457,1087,1113]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">R</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4ED662FFCFFFA68480FBECFB4F145E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3031308324" box="[460,1242,1087,1113]" collectingDate="1926-12" collectionCode="R" collectorName="J. Pivar & Region X" country="Chile" location="Ancud" municipality="Isla Chiloe" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Los Lagos">
|
||
<collectorName id="26D3B9E9FFCFFFA68480FBECFD8A145E" box="[460,543,1087,1113]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">J. Pivar</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2017B6FFCFFFA6877CFBECFDC1145E" box="[560,596,1087,1113]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectorName id="26D3B9E9FFCFFFA68726FBECFD40145E" box="[618,725,1087,1113]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">Region X</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E212DDFFCFFFA687A8FBECFCF5145E" box="[740,864,1087,1113]" country="Chile" name="Los Lagos" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">Los Lagos</collectingRegion>
|
||
):
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFD4645FFCFFFA6863FFBECFC7A145E" box="[883,1007,1087,1113]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">Isla Chiloé</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF98AE4FFCFFFA686B5FBECFBD2145E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F6D29FFCCFFA685DBFC25FF6B157E:8EF98AE4FFCFFFA686B5FBECFBD2145E" box="[1017,1095,1087,1113]" country="Chile" municipality="Isla Chiloe" name="Ancud" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" stateProvince="Los Lagos">Ancud</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF98FAFFFFCFFFA6811DFBECFB29145E" box="[1105,1212,1087,1113]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" value="1926-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDC0317FFCFFFA6811DFBECFB29145E" box="[1105,1212,1087,1113]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" value="1926-12">XII-1926</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3744FAFFCFFFA6818BFBECFB4F145E" box="[1223,1242,1087,1113]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">R</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
&
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4ED662FFCFFFA681A3FBECFCFC147A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3031308322" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Shannon" country="Chile" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
E
|
||
<collectorName id="26D3B9E9FFCFFFA6804BFBECFAFC145E" box="[1287,1385,1087,1113]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">Shannon</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2017B6FFCFFFA68036FBECFA08145E" box="[1402,1437,1087,1113]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(USNMENT01115810),
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2017B6FFCFFFA684E1FBB0FE45147A" box="[429,464,1123,1149]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(USNMENT01115808-09)
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3744FAFFCFFFA68647FBB0FCF4147A" box="[779,865,1123,1149]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33C8FB4FFCFFFA6858BFB55FEB214C2" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFCFFFA6858BFB55FEB214C2" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1401]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFCFFFA6858BFB55FEF414A7" bold="true" box="[199,353,1158,1184]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Known from the Andes of central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3319CAFFFCFFFA687BEFB54FCA414A6" box="[754,817,1159,1185]" name="Chile" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||
, south to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3319CAFFFCFFFA686EEFB54FC5F14A6" box="[930,970,1159,1185]" name="Iceland" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">Isla</collectingCountry>
|
||
Chiloé along the Chilean Coastal Range (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFCFFFA685D3FB78FF7214C2" box="[159,231,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1281,1305]" captionTargetBox="[275,1311,181,1258]" captionTargetId="figure-30@14.[275,1311,181,1258]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Known distribution of South American Austrothaumalea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411076" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411076/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">Figs 8</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DC0BAFFCFFFA685B8FB78FE8C14C2" box="[244,281,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1602,1626]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,344,1578]" captionTargetId="figure-93@15.[151,1436,344,1578]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 9. Examples of Austrothaumalea habitats in Chile. A, rock face seep where A. chilensis and A. setipennis stat. rev. were collected (38°13′20.3″S 71°44′41.1″W); B, collection site of A. fredericki sp.nov. (41°08.47′S 72°35.28′W); C, collection site of A. spatulata (34°59′48.8″S 70°48′37.0″W); D, northernmost collection site of A. spatulata in the Chilean Matorral, inset showing small trickle of water where specimen was collected (34°46′29.2″S 70°40′03.9″W)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411078/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">9A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33C8FB4FFCFFFA6858BFB1CFF6B157E" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99DC3FFFCFFFA6858BFB1CFF6B157E" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,1401]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952002DFFCFFFA6858BFB1CFEAE14EE" bold="true" box="[199,315,1231,1257]" pageId="6" pageNumber="515">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
We visited the locality based on GPS coordinates given on the Schlinger specimen label and arrived at a site near the coastal town of San Antonio, where no appropriate thaumaleid habitat was visible. We also visited a site in the Andes, in a small town named ‘El Canelo’, which has a number of mountain creeks with suitable habitat, although the creek, Estero el Canelo (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE12BAF8FFCFFFA68720FAEFFD7B1550" box="[620,750,1340,1367]" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" precision="15" seconds="31" value="-33.575275">33°34′31″S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE12BAF8FFCFFFA687B9FAEFFC101550" box="[757,901,1340,1367]" degrees="70" direction="west" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="515" precision="15" seconds="47" value="-70.44639">70°26′47″W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), was fenced off and inaccessible for collecting attempts.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |