257 lines
28 KiB
XML
257 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document id="8884430B498F9236B62A926B112AD30A" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3613.5.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a5297387-6a6d-4097-b501-65d6f2c5ee2a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="222703" ID-ZooBank="5F3AB0E7-FB06-4099-9C17-D87E3454376F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460574445759" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mills, V. Sadie & O'Hara, Timothy D." docDate="2013" docId="03EA87901127FFA4FF4A6548D39DFE51" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03613p444.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3613 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Astroceras elegans Bell 1917" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="410" masterDocId="FFD3FFE81121FFADFFDD6056D213FF9E" masterDocTitle="Ophiuroids (Echinodermata; Ophiuroidea) of biogenic habitats on the continental shelf of New Zealand" masterLastPageNumber="444" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="407" updateTime="1698322893412" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="EED26DA055777A76B2B0B7A47769E639">
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<mods:title id="1571D0EDEE75B54A253363E4081B3CD7">Ophiuroids (Echinodermata; Ophiuroidea) of biogenic habitats on the continental shelf of New Zealand</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="2591147EBAA7BE86E56B88EE9D543E6F" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="BF09E3034A030089ABBD826FD3AFAC2F">Mills, V. Sadie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="C1E07272371B201B73F3806E5D81AD50" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C00A7F02208664B1164156E4D6575017">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="0C5C6B02C2A5B944D5139BD64763BB97">O'Hara, Timothy D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="527BD75C7C12FDFFB2E8026C7A94AD27">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="856E56F3D5879F5780D80DD8688CD1D8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="2748B0EE99575F71B86E01971A8F7753">
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<mods:date id="580FF7D15BCE7F0B86E882D74D8E8F0C">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="F0C9223B3D0C9352EED29E582F9D9397" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="AB7D2A18D8FF3782CC3D7B3B71232FEC">3613</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="FA202A2D2703A1480656F30806E43A98" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="B92946F6E57C32366FAC4C0D36FCB490">5</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="F42FB8A6DBC9D030262BDD53809B565C" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3613.5.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="80C1ADC72A6D54BB4876AB44FC35CA83" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="319350080805D274978750407C611B35" type="Zenodo-Dep">222703</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F59386F973A48E2F1164976B9F11AF3F" type="ZooBank">5F3AB0E7-FB06-4099-9C17-D87E3454376F</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03EA87901127FFA4FF4A6548D39DFE51" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5691429" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119559781" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5691429" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EA87901127FFA4FF4A6548D39DFE51" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EA87901127FFA4FF4A6548D39DFE51" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="410" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
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<subSubSection id="C359650D1127FFABFF4A6548D3EEFA01" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFC36861127FFABFF4A6548D01CFAA6" blockId="6.[151,527,1310,1369]" box="[151,527,1310,1336]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
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<heading id="D0B481EA1127FFABFF4A6548D01CFAA6" bold="true" box="[151,527,1310,1336]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D051127FFABFF4A6548D01CFAA6" ID-CoL="J3ZN" authority="Bell, 1917" authorityName="Bell" authorityYear="1917" box="[151,527,1310,1336]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Astroceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="elegans">
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<emphasis id="B937EA941127FFABFF4A6548D01CFAA6" bold="true" box="[151,527,1310,1336]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
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<emphasis id="B937EA941127FFABFF4A6548D369FAA6" bold="true" box="[151,378,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Astroceras elegans</emphasis>
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(Bell, 1917)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFC36861127FFABFF4A6517D301FAC7" blockId="6.[151,527,1310,1369]" box="[151,274,1345,1369]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13782A031127FFABFF426517D319FAC7" box="[159,266,1345,1369]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 3" captionStart-1="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="7.[151,250,1948,1971]" captionStartId-1="8.[151,248,1448,1471]" captionTargetBox-0="[291,1286,193,1927]" captionTargetBox-1="[156,1409,181,1413]" captionTargetId-0="figure@7.[286,1301,193,1927]" captionTargetId-1="figure@8.[151,1436,179,1427]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionText-0="FIGURE 3. Two morphological variations of Astroceras elegans (Bell 1917) (NIWA, TAN 0906 / 154) showing live colour. a: two specimens in situ on host plexaurid coral, scale bar = 1 cm, b: morph 1 cf. A. maui McKnight, 1968 (NIWA 56500), c: morph 2 (NIWA 56499, TAN 0906 / 154)." captionText-1="FIGURE 4. Proximal arm segments from two morphological variations of Astroceras elegans (Bell, 1917) specimens treated with bleach to expose arm plates. a: NIWA 56499, TAN 0906 / 154, morph 2, dd = 10.4 mm; b: NIWA 57061, TAN 0906 / 178, morph 1, cf. A. maui McKnight, 1968, dd = 9.24 mm. Scale bar = 1 mm, g = spiny granule, as = arm spine, lap = laterally placed arm plates." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/222706/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/222707/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Figs. 3–4</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFC36861127FFABFF4A65DFD3EEFA01" blockId="6.[151,1437,1417,1592]" box="[151,509,1417,1439]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D051127FFABFF4A65DFD3EBFA01" authority="Bell, 1917: 7" authorityName="Bell" authorityPageNumber="7" authorityYear="1917" box="[151,504,1417,1439]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Astroschema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="elegans">
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<emphasis id="B937EA941127FFABFF4A65DFD37EFA01" box="[151,365,1417,1439]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Astroschema elegans</emphasis>
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Bell, 1917: 7
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C359650D1127FFABFF4A65FFD06EF9A6" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFC36861127FFABFF4A65FFD1CCFA65" blockId="6.[151,1437,1417,1592]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D051127FFABFF4A65FFD37BFA20" box="[151,360,1448,1470]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Astroceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="elegans">
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<emphasis id="B937EA941127FFABFF4A65FFD37BFA20" box="[151,360,1448,1470]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Astroceras elegans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.—Mortensen, 1924: 107, pl. 4(3).—Fedotov, 1927: 343.—Mortensen, 1933b: 53–54, figs. 37–38.—Mortensen, 1936: 241.—Fell, 1958: 21.—
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<collectingCountry id="F35476161127FFABFD006590D10EFA42" box="[733,797,1478,1500]" name="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Baker</collectingCountry>
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, 1980: 66–68, figs. 25, 32.—Guille & Wolff, 1984: 7–9, pl. 1(a–b).—Rowe & Gates, 1995: 360.—McKnight, 2000: 42–44, fig. 18, pl. 17.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFC36861127FFABFF4A6652D1E0F987" blockId="6.[151,1437,1417,1592]" box="[151,1011,1539,1562]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D051127FFABFF4A6652D00DF987" authority="McKnight, 1968: 516" authorityName="McKnight" authorityPageNumber="516" authorityYear="1968" box="[151,542,1539,1562]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Astroceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="maui">
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<emphasis id="B937EA941127FFABFF4A6652D32EF984" box="[151,317,1540,1562]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Astroceras maui</emphasis>
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McKnight, 1968: 516
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</taxonomicName>
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–519, figs 4–5 [synonymised by
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<collectingCountry id="F35476161127FFABFCB46655D1B4F987" box="[873,935,1539,1561]" name="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Baker</collectingCountry>
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, 1980].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFC36861127FFABFF4A6675D06EF9A6" blockId="6.[151,1437,1417,1592]" box="[151,637,1570,1592]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D051127FFABFF4A6675D371F9A6" box="[151,354,1570,1592]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Asteroceras" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="elegans">
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<emphasis id="B937EA941127FFABFF4A6675D371F9A6" box="[151,354,1570,1592]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Asteroceras elegans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.—McKnight, 1989: 25–26.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C359650D1127FFABFF4A6633D6A5F85F" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BFC36861127FFABFF4A6633D12DF8CB" blockId="6.[151,1436,1637,1986]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
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<emphasis id="B937EA941127FFABFF4A6633D39BF9E0" bold="true" box="[151,392,1637,1662]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Material Examined</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B937EA941127FFABFE426633D049F9E3" bold="true" box="[415,602,1637,1662]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Bay of Islands</emphasis>
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. TAN0906/126, NIWA 55951 (1). TAN0906/132, NIWA 56101 (1). TAN0906/135, NIWA 56201 (1). TAN0906/178, NIWA 77659 (1); NIWA 77660 (3); NIWA 57094 (8); NIWA 57061 (1); NIWA 57090 (1).
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<emphasis id="B937EA941127FFABFE2466FBD139F95B" bold="true" box="[505,810,1709,1734]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
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East Coast North
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<collectingCountry id="F35476161127FFABFD0266FBD139F95B" box="[735,810,1709,1733]" name="Iceland" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Island</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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. TAN1108/253, NIWA 75614 (2); NIWA 77658 (2). TAN1108/268, NIWA 77650 (1). TAN1108/275, NIWA 77649 (1).
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<emphasis id="B937EA941127FFABFC4A6684D600F974" bold="true" box="[919,1043,1746,1770]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Far North</emphasis>
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. TAN0906/154, NIWA 56500 (1); NIWA 56499 (3). TAN0906/162, NIWA 56735 (2); NIWA 56709 (2); NIWA 56707 (9). TAN0906/164, NIWA 56833 (1). TAN1105/9, NIWA 77648 (4).
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<emphasis id="B937EA941127FFABFDB3674CD14DF8AC" bold="true" box="[622,862,1817,1842]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Three Kings Islands</emphasis>
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. TAN1105/53, NIWA 73308 (1); NIWA 73308 (1).
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<emphasis id="B937EA941127FFABFF4A676BD3ADF8CB" bold="true" box="[151,446,1853,1878]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
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West Coast North
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<collectingCountry id="F35476161127FFABFEAE676BD3ADF8CB" box="[371,446,1853,1877]" name="Iceland" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Island</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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. TAN1105/137, NIWA 73831 (1).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFC36861127FFABFF1A6737D6A5F85F" blockId="6.[151,1436,1637,1986]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
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<emphasis id="B937EA941127FFABFF1A6737D3C6F8E4" bold="true" box="[199,469,1889,1914]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Comparative Material</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D051127FFABFE3B6737D14AF8E7" authority="Bell, 1917" authorityName="Bell" authorityYear="1917" box="[486,857,1889,1914]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Astroceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="elegans">
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<emphasis id="B937EA941127FFABFE3B6737D0D1F8E4" bold="true" box="[486,706,1889,1914]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Astroceras elegans</emphasis>
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(Bell, 1917)
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</taxonomicName>
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: NZOI/C527, Star of bengal bank,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE7750411127FFABFB2D6737D74BF8E7" box="[1264,1368,1889,1913]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" precision="925" value="-32.5">32° 30´S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE7750411127FFABFABB6737D2C5F803" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" precision="925" value="-179.2">179° 12´W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="4CBB9B631127FFABFF3967D3D33CF803" box="[228,303,1925,1949]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" unit="m" value="508.0">508 m</quantity>
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||
,
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<date id="FFFD10461127FFABFEE367D3D3A1F803" box="[318,434,1925,1949]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" value="1960-09-18">18/9/1960</date>
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,
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<typeStatus id="54F888241127FFABFE6267D3D032F803" box="[447,545,1925,1949]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D051127FFABFD9667D3D117F803" box="[587,772,1925,1949]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Astroceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="maui">
|
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<emphasis id="B937EA941127FFABFD9667D3D117F803" box="[587,772,1925,1949]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Astroceras maui</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, NIWA 448 (1);
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||
<typeStatus id="54F888241127FFABFC1167D0D63FF800" box="[972,1068,1926,1950]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D051127FFABFB8B67D3D71CF803" box="[1110,1295,1925,1949]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Astroceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="maui">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EA941127FFABFB8B67D3D71CF803" box="[1110,1295,1925,1949]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Astroceras maui</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, NIWA 451 (1);
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F888241127FFABFF1B67FCD334F85C" box="[198,295,1962,1986]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D051127FFABFE9167FFD010F85F" box="[332,515,1961,1985]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Astroceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="maui">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EA941127FFABFE9167FFD010F85F" box="[332,515,1961,1985]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Astroceras maui</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, NIWA 449 (1);
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F888241127FFABFD1F67FCD131F85C" box="[706,802,1962,1986]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D051127FFABFC9A67FFD1ECF85F" box="[839,1023,1961,1985]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Astroceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="maui">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EA941127FFABFC9A67FFD1ECF85F" box="[839,1023,1961,1985]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Astroceras maui</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
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, NIWA 450 (1).
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<caption id="DF3C660E1126FFAAFF4A67CAD023F86E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222706/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" targetBox="[291,1286,193,1927]" targetPageId="7">
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<paragraph id="8BFC36861126FFAAFF4A67CAD023F86E" blockId="7.[151,1436,1948,2032]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
|
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<emphasis id="B937EA941126FFAAFF4A67CAD307F82C" bold="true" box="[151,276,1948,1971]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
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Two morphological variations of
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C434D051126FFAAFDAF67CBD1A3F82D" authority="Bell 1917" authorityName="Bell" authorityYear="1917" box="[626,944,1948,1971]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Astroceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EA941126FFAAFDAF67CBD120F82D" box="[626,819,1949,1971]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Astroceras elegans</emphasis>
|
||
(Bell 1917)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(NIWA, TAN0906/154) showing live colour. a: two specimens in situ on host plexaurid coral, scale bar = 1 cm, b: morph 1 cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D051126FFAAFC0B67EAD6CAF84F" authority="McKnight, 1968" authorityName="McKnight" authorityYear="1968" box="[982,1241,1979,2001]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Astroceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="maui">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EA941126FFAAFC0B67EAD634F84F" box="[982,1063,1980,2001]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">A. maui</emphasis>
|
||
McKnight, 1968
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(NIWA 56500), c: morph 2 (NIWA 56499, TAN0906/154).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF3C660E1129FFA5FF4A65FED762FA62" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222707/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" targetBox="[156,1409,181,1413]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFC36861129FFA5FF4A65FED762FA62" blockId="8.[151,1437,1448,1532]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EA941129FFA5FF4A65FED303FA20" bold="true" box="[151,272,1448,1471]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Proximal arm segments from two morphological variations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D051129FFA5FCA165FFD6A7FA21" authority="Bell, 1917" authorityName="Bell" authorityYear="1917" box="[892,1204,1448,1471]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Astroceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EA941129FFA5FCA165FFD62AFA20" box="[892,1081,1448,1470]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Astroceras elegans</emphasis>
|
||
(Bell, 1917)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens treated with bleach to expose arm plates. a: NIWA 56499, TAN0906/154, morph 2, dd=10.4 mm; b: NIWA 57061, TAN0906/178, morph 1, cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D051129FFA5FF4A65B1D383FA62" authority="McKnight, 1968" authorityName="McKnight" authorityYear="1968" box="[151,400,1510,1532]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Astroceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="maui">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EA941129FFA5FF4A65B1D2F7FA62" box="[151,228,1511,1532]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">A. maui</emphasis>
|
||
McKnight, 1968
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, dd=9.24 mm. Scale bar =1 mm, g = spiny granule, as = arm spine, lap = laterally placed arm plates.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C359650D1129FFA5FF1A6677D79EF88C" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFC36861129FFA5FF1A6677D79EF88C" blockId="8.[151,1436,1569,2026]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EA941129FFA5FF1A6677D329F9A4" bold="true" box="[199,314,1569,1594]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
. Disc and arms covered by skin, but ridges of radial shields and structure of arm vertebrae beneath clearly visible. Ventral arm plates do not join in central midline. Five arms (not fissiparous), two arm spines from second arm segment, finely prickly at tip, distally transformed into hooklets. Small uniform granules on radial shields and arms. Though variable, two consistent morphological forms apparent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A031129FFA5FBE166D8D690F938" box="[1084,1155,1678,1702]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. a" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1932,1955]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,323,1910]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,323,1911]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. a: Asteroporpa (Asteroporpa) australiensis Clark, 1909 on host primnoid coral (NIWA 56911, TAN 0906 / 170), scale bar = 3 mm, and b: Astrobrachion constrictum (Farquhar, 1900) on host black coral (NIWA 56330, TAN 0906 / 146), scale bar = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222705/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). One form clearly more tubercular, with numerous irregularly arranged white granules protruding through skin on dorsal disc. Arms do not appear annulated and are solid yellow with dark brown arm spines. Second form with more regularly arranged white granules, not protruding through skin. Arms appear annulated, transversely striped with dark bands of skin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C359650D1129FFA5FF1A674BD049F8A8" box="[199,602,1821,1846]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFC36861129FFA5FF1A674BD049F8A8" blockId="8.[151,1436,1569,2026]" box="[199,602,1821,1846]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EA941129FFA5FF1A674BD34AF8A8" bold="true" box="[199,345,1821,1846]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
See McKnight (2000).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C359650D1129FFA5FF1A6717D323F8E0" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFC36861129FFA5FF1A6717D323F8E0" blockId="8.[151,1436,1569,2026]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EA941129FFA5FF1A6717D34AF8C4" bold="true" box="[199,345,1857,1882]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35476161129FFA5FEBA6715D3EEF8C4" box="[359,509,1858,1882]" name="New Zealand" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="4CBB9B631129FFA5FDD16714D092F8C4" box="[524,641,1858,1882]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" metricValueMax="7.05" metricValueMin="0.25" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" unit="m" value="365.0" valueMax="705.0" valueMin="25.0">25–705 m</quantity>
|
||
), eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35476161129FFA5FD316714D140F8C4" box="[748,851,1858,1882]" name="Australia" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="4CBB9B631129FFA5FCBF6714D1BEF8C4" box="[866,941,1858,1882]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.43" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" unit="m" value="143.0">143 m</quantity>
|
||
), Tasman Sea (
|
||
<quantity id="4CBB9B631129FFA5FB8B6714D6C9F8C4" box="[1110,1242,1858,1882]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.915" metricValueMax="8.75" metricValueMin="3.08" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" unit="m" value="591.5" valueMax="875.0" valueMin="308.0">308–875 m</quantity>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35476161129FFA5FB336715D78FF8C4" box="[1262,1436,1858,1882]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="4CBB9B631129FFA5FF436730D330F8E0" box="[158,291,1894,1918]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.275" metricValueMax="7.05" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" unit="m" value="527.5" valueMax="705.0" valueMin="350.0">350–705 m</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C359650D1129FFA4FF1A67DCD39DFE51" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="410" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFC36861129FFA4FF1A67DCD300FF4A" blockId="8.[151,1436,1569,2026]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,463]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="410" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EA941129FFA5FF1A67DCD327F83C" bold="true" box="[199,308,1930,1954]" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. Recently collected
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D051129FFA5FDC067DCD0E7F83C" box="[541,756,1930,1954]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Astroceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EA941129FFA5FDC067DCD0E7F83C" box="[541,756,1930,1954]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Astroceras elegans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens show remarkable variation in granulation on the dorsal disc and in the banding pattern on their arms. McKnight’s (1968) description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D051129FFA5FBBD67F8D6A4F858" box="[1120,1207,1966,1990]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Astroceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="8" pageNumber="409" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="maui">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EA941129FFA5FBBD67F8D6A4F858" box="[1120,1207,1966,1990]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">A. maui</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is closely aligned to the second morphological form described above, while Mortensen (1924) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35476161129FFA5FB936784D682F874" box="[1102,1169,2002,2026]" name="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" pageId="8" pageNumber="409">Baker</collectingCountry>
|
||
(1980) describe large variation in granulation/ tuberculation of the disc and arms and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D051128FFA4FCB760CED1D1FF2E" box="[874,962,152,176]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Astroceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="maui">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EA941128FFA4FCB760CED1D1FF2E" box="[874,962,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">A. maui</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has subsequently been synonymised with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D051128FFA4FF4A60EAD31FFF4A" box="[151,268,188,212]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Astroceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EA941128FFA4FF4A60EAD31FFF4A" box="[151,268,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">A. elegans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFC36861128FFA4FF1A60B6D39DFE51" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,463]" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">
|
||
Arm segments from specimens of both morphological forms were treated with domestic bleach to dissolve the skin and allow examination of the granules and arm plates. There are fragmented plates on the lateral side of the arm which show some variation between forms (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13782A031128FFA4FD3F6171D13DFEA1" box="[738,814,295,319]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,248,1448,1471]" captionTargetBox="[156,1409,181,1413]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,179,1427]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Proximal arm segments from two morphological variations of Astroceras elegans (Bell, 1917) specimens treated with bleach to expose arm plates. a: NIWA 56499, TAN 0906 / 154, morph 2, dd = 10.4 mm; b: NIWA 57061, TAN 0906 / 178, morph 1, cf. A. maui McKnight, 1968, dd = 9.24 mm. Scale bar = 1 mm, g = spiny granule, as = arm spine, lap = laterally placed arm plates." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222707/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Following Mortensen (1933) we interpret these as fragmented lateral arm plates, although to our knowledge their ontology has not been properly investigated. Despite these differences we have not found any consistent morphological characters to differentiate these specimens into two species. Additional genetic and morphological data are required to determine whether
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C434D051128FFA4FA9961C2D78FFE32" box="[1348,1436,404,428]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Astroceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="9" pageNumber="410" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="maui">
|
||
<emphasis id="B937EA941128FFA4FA9961C2D78FFE32" box="[1348,1436,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="410">A. maui</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be resurrected.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |