304 lines
38 KiB
XML
304 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document id="3D83066715EE307E984F8DB3B436A961" ID-CLB-Dataset="5895" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4970.2.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="863dd458-55e0-4583-9677-8eb735037a0f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4761778" ID-ZooBank="6A96742B-1200-4083-801B-1A2A93ADDDFD" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1620987262190" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mahecha-J, Oscar, Triviño, Paola, Andrade-C, M. Gonzalo & Pyrcz, Tomasz W." docDate="2021" docId="DC6987E14A73E90A58FE3845FEE0F831" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4970.2.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4970 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Manerebia clarita Mahecha-J, Triviño, Andrade-C & Pyrcz, 2021, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="297" masterDocId="2050FF994A77E90E58693963FFDDFF88" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Manerebia Staudinger from paramo habitat in the Colombian Eastern Cordillera of the Andes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Pronophilina)" masterLastPageNumber="302" masterPageNumber="293" pageNumber="297" updateTime="1698939864453" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="EFB9E9D6084931E692D1B72556E1B506">Two new species of Manerebia Staudinger from paramo habitat in the Colombian Eastern Cordillera of the Andes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Pronophilina)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="ADE1C532B2C86CBC11805D5DD7A928F9" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="A9AB73838115DA8CABAF40ED98D0CC44">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4010E78578FBFFD6F6C4269FE9E8BDEA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="E5763F14763DCB4F140C874576CFC150">Mahecha-J, Oscar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C9D9A77BBB1D8C4E9164EE1B31A6A721">Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30 - 387, Kraków, Poland. & Instituto de Ciencias Naturales ICN / Laboratorio de Ecología del Paisaje y Modelación de Ecosistemas ECOLMOD, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Carrera 30 No. 45 - 03, Bogotá D. C., Colombia.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="00A7EF743CB7E2B5D32DA9021AEA44F9" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="0BFAE218360939914926C9E176E7D127">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="7B19CA926938BCE7F8BCB40FD32A6002">Triviño, Paola</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3E2AF98F0ADCED8EDC5E7A24A511895A">Instituto de Ciencias Naturales ICN, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Carrera 30 No. 45 - 03, Bogotá D. C., Colombia.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="FF9621DD6A2AC66A45102AAB1DCA1007" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="FB7870BBEB65DEF6530F8D1D581A7EAE">
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<mods:roleTerm id="A9FE41C89907A5E7722B5D189AA41757">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="06DE27A9F295BAC8BDACDF9947164068">Andrade-C, M. Gonzalo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="15A8CE7266E90866DE336543A7CA1BDC" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9181-4653</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="B2011B10092DEA091747CF2BC27EE203">Profesor Asociado, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales ICN, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Carrera 30 No. 45 - 03, Bogotá D. C., Colombia. mgandradec @ unal. edu. co; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9181 - 4653</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D218513018BC15EC8567B5B2B432CD21" type="email">mgandradec@unal.edu.co</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="F5CAF8E905B97BED3CC469EDE54B8AB9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="A3B631674E5FE16A0760A6DABED9B356">Pyrcz, Tomasz W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="FC278880BF3E0471CEA10673ED1DE585" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4822-0670</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="EE1A4841B4513D1532912C2B0FA5ED51">Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30 - 387, Kraków, Poland. & Department of Invertebrate Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland. tomasz. pyrcz @ uj. edu. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4822 - 0670</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="A4744855C4355FADE5E07797DBD31A48" type="email">tomasz.pyrcz@uj.edu.pl</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="326FDC4EB27072386768CCEF16BFE498">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="6F5C1526B2FDD28CA73EB04D177EFF7C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="30AE62D19F7A8823D9632793C4665BDF">
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<mods:date id="FA759102CF26C8FA759120115D7F4A5D">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="84DFC9721EF7DD5A3BB940CE4EC1D2EC">2021-05-14</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="B83C4BA9F6B0AA83DCE9629190E5AD33" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="95B73903A75082A6F6B2E204100327F7">4970</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="250B1BEE56AECBAABA231BF50518ABCC" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="A6A827133BEDBEC8754A9A0D711BD466">2</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="AF95165F5A8AE5DBD409193C5FDC83F2">293</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="2CF62A2B61E4E6B2EAF5B9D8200E0967">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="5D7023C1B85C980EC79669C6EA0AC68E" type="CLB-Dataset">5895</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B5E7731BC18A019E12664E01B57DAF5D" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4970.2.3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8AF1D215D85F1FF833A3497E051558D4" type="GBIF-Dataset">863dd458-55e0-4583-9677-8eb735037a0f</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="76EC54A5FF7D027AE3B16C782D197C88" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7651403EF5EB03B3FF04D84087D2C024" type="Zenodo-Dep">4761778</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="266A742AB0AD56FFDAE2BD47B22F547B" type="ZooBank">6A96742B-1200-4083-801B-1A2A93ADDDFD</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="DC6987E14A73E90A58FE3845FEE0F831" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5047444" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183228194" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5047444" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DC6987E14A73E90A58FE3845FEE0F831" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DC6987E14A73E90A58FE3845FEE0F831" lastPageNumber="297" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
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<subSubSection id="1CDA657C4A73E90A58FE3845FD05FEC9" box="[151,728,294,321]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" type="nomenclature">
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<heading id="0F37819B4A73E90A58FE3845FD05FEC9" bold="true" box="[151,728,294,321]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A58FE3845FD05FEC9" bold="true" box="[151,728,294,321]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
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<taxonomicName id="93C04D744A73E90A58FE3845FEACFEC9" authorityName="Mahecha-J & Triviño & Andrade-C & Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,369,294,321]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clarita">
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<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A58FE3845FEACFEC9" bold="true" box="[151,369,294,321]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Manerebia clarita</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Mahecha-J. & Triviño
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="7D87579E4A73E90A5AFF3844FD05FEC9" box="[662,728,295,321]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1CDA657C4A73E90A58FE3828FE59FEED" box="[151,388,331,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" type="description">
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<paragraph id="547F36F74A73E90A58FE3828FE59FEED" blockId="4.[151,728,294,357]" box="[151,388,331,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
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<figureCitation id="CCFB2A724A73E90A58FE3828FED3FEED" box="[151,270,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1587,1611]" captionTargetBox="[378,1186,358,1551]" captionTargetId="figure-104@3.[310,1278,345,1564]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adults of the Manerebia “levana” group. A: M. bernito n. sp., holotype; B: M. bernito n. sp., allotype; C: M. levana male; D: M. levana female; E: M. clarita n. sp., holotype male; F: M. pervaga male; G: M. pervaga female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4761782" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4761782/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Figures 1E</figureCitation>
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–
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<figureCitation id="CCFB2A724A73E90A59773828FEE2FEED" box="[286,319,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1984,2008]" captionTargetBox="[255,1335,192,1952]" captionTargetId="figure-21@5.[234,1352,181,1961]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male genitalia. A: M. bernito n. sp., holotype; B: M. levana; C: M. clarita n. sp., holotype; D: M. pervaga." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4761786" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4761786/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">2C</figureCitation>
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and
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<figureCitation id="CCFB2A724A73E90A591F3828FE59FEED" box="[374,388,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1491,1515]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,186,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-21@7.[151,1437,181,1467]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Geographical distribution of the Manerebia “levana” group. Right inset shows the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4761790" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4761790/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">4</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1CDA657C4A73E90A58FE38F1FB8DFDB5" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="547F36F74A73E90A58FE38F1FB8DFDB5" blockId="4.[151,1437,402,1977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
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<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A58FE38F1FE5AFE24" bold="true" box="[151,391,402,428]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Material examined:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="E4A83CAA4A73E90A59FA38F1FD16FE7D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3312305304" collectingDate="2017-11-22" country="Colombia" latitude="6.201547" location="Paramo de la Colorada-Sierra Nevada del Cocuy" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="72.38286" municipality="Municipio La" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Casanare" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A59FA38F1FD9CFE25" bold="true" box="[403,577,402,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
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<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A59FA38F1FE26FE25" bold="true" box="[403,507,402,429]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
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<typeStatus id="8B7B88554A73E90A59FA38F1FE26FE25" box="[403,507,402,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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male
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</emphasis>
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:
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<collectingCountry id="2CD776674A73E90A5A3A38F0FD30FE25" box="[595,749,403,429]" name="Colombia" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion id="9604F8154A73E90A5A9538F0FCB8FE25" box="[764,869,403,429]" country="Colombia" name="Casanare" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Casanare</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="B41BAC8D4A73E90A5B1C38F0FBCEFE25" box="[885,1043,403,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Municipio La</collectingMunicipality>
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<taxonomicName id="93C04D744A73E90A5C7638F0FA41FE25" authority=", Vda. Chinibaque, Sabana" authorityName="Vda. Chinibaque, Sabana" box="[1055,1436,403,429]" class="Entognatha" family="Paronellidae" genus="Salina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Salina, Vda. Chinibaque, Sabana</taxonomicName>
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<location id="511F602C4A73E90A58FE38D4FD0AFE59" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DC6987E14A73E90A58FE3845FEE0F831:511F602C4A73E90A58FE38D4FD0AFE59" box="[151,727,439,465]" country="Colombia" latitude="6.201547" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="72.38286" municipality="Municipio La" name="Paramo de la Colorada-Sierra Nevada del Cocuy" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" stateProvince="Casanare">Páramo de la Colorada-Sierra Nevada del Cocuy</location>
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, 3279 msnm,
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<geoCoordinate id="31F450304A73E90A5BEA38D5FBC4FE59" box="[899,1049,438,465]" degrees="6" direction="north" minutes="12" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" precision="1" seconds="5.57" value="6.201547">6°12´5.57’’N</geoCoordinate>
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, -
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<geoCoordinate id="31F450304A73E90A5C5B38D5FB38FE59" box="[1074,1253,438,465]" degrees="72" direction="east" minutes="22" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" precision="1" seconds="58.27" value="72.38286">72°22’58.27’’O</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<date id="207E10374A73E90A5C9F38D4FAA4FE59" box="[1270,1401,439,465]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" value="2017-11-22">
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<collectingDate id="303AE9DF4A73E90A5C9F38D4FAA4FE59" box="[1270,1401,439,465]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" value="2017-11-22">22.XI.2017</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, P. Triviño-C. leg., PTC-2035, ICN-MHN-L 39582
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation id="E4A83CAA4A73E90A5AB538B8FB90FDB5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3312305305" collectingDate="2017-11-21" country="Colombia" latitude="6.201547" location="Paramo de la Colorada-Sierra Nevada del Cocuy" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="72.38286" municipality="Municipio La" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Casanare" typeStatus="paratype">
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<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A5AB538B8FC16FE7C" bold="true" box="[732,971,474,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
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<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A5AB538B8FC93FE7D" bold="true" box="[732,846,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
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<typeStatus id="8B7B88554A73E90A5AB538B8FC93FE7D" box="[732,846,475,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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(
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<specimenCount id="42C6FD7E4A73E90A5B0D38B9FC63FE7C" box="[868,958,474,500]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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):
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="2CD776674A73E90A5BB138B8FBAFFE7D" box="[984,1138,475,501]" name="Colombia" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion id="9604F8154A73E90A5CEB38B8FB36FE7D" box="[1154,1259,475,501]" country="Colombia" name="Casanare" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Casanare</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="B41BAC8D4A73E90A5C9438B8FA40FE7D" box="[1277,1437,475,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Municipio La</collectingMunicipality>
|
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<taxonomicName id="93C04D744A73E90A58FE389CFDD2FD91" authority=", Vda. Chinibaque, Sabana" authorityName="Vda. Chinibaque, Sabana" box="[151,527,511,537]" class="Entognatha" family="Paronellidae" genus="Salina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Salina, Vda. Chinibaque, Sabana</taxonomicName>
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<location id="511F602C4A73E90A5A71389CFB97FD91" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DC6987E14A73E90A58FE3845FEE0F831:511F602C4A73E90A5A71389CFB97FD91" box="[536,1098,511,537]" country="Colombia" latitude="6.201547" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="72.38286" municipality="Municipio La" name="Paramo de la Colorada-Sierra Nevada del Cocuy" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" stateProvince="Casanare">Páramo de la Colorada-Sierra Nevada del Cocuy</location>
|
||
, 3331 msnm,
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<geoCoordinate id="31F450304A73E90A5C87389DFA58FD91" box="[1262,1413,510,537]" degrees="6" direction="north" minutes="12" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" precision="1" seconds="5.57" value="6.201547">6°12´5.57’’N</geoCoordinate>
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, -
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<geoCoordinate id="31F450304A73E90A58FE3B41FE97FDB5" box="[151,330,546,573]" degrees="72" direction="east" minutes="22" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" precision="1" seconds="58.27" value="72.38286">72°22’58.27’’O</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<date id="207E10374A73E90A593C3B40FE0AFDB5" box="[341,471,547,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" value="2017-11-21">
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<collectingDate id="303AE9DF4A73E90A593C3B40FE0AFDB5" box="[341,471,547,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" value="2017-11-21">21.XI.2017</collectingDate>
|
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</date>
|
||
, P. Triviño-C. leg., PTC-2029-008, ICN-MHN-L 39583
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1CDA657C4A73E90A58AE3B25FCE0FC2D" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="547F36F74A73E90A58AE3B25FCE0FC2D" blockId="4.[151,1437,402,1977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A58AE3B25FE99FDE8" bold="true" box="[199,324,582,608]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
||
This species is externally most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93C04D744A73E90A5B4F3B24FB72FDE9" authority="Pyrcz & Viloria, 2006" authorityName="Pyrcz & Viloria" authorityYear="2006" box="[806,1199,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pervaga">
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A5B4F3B24FC74FDE8" box="[806,937,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">M. pervaga</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="30514B064A73E90A5BD83B24FB72FDE9" author="Pyrcz, T. W. & Willmott, K. R. & Hall, J. P. W. & Viloria, A. L." box="[945,1199,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" pagination="37 - 79" refId="ref6167" refString="Pyrcz, T. W., Willmott, K. R., Hall, J. P. W. & Viloria, A. L. (2006) A review of the genus Manerebia Staudinger (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) in the northern Andes. Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera, 39 (2000), 37 - 79." type="journal article" year="2006">Pyrcz & Viloria, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from the Paramo El Táma on the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2CD776674A73E90A59443B08FE7CFD0D" box="[301,417,619,645]" name="Venezuela" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
—
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2CD776674A73E90A59D43B08FDF7FD0D" box="[445,554,619,645]" name="Colombia" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
border, and the Cerro Oroque,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9604F8154A73E90A5BE63B08FBB4FD0D" box="[911,1129,619,645]" country="Colombia" name="Norte de Santander" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Norte de Santander</collectingRegion>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2CD776674A73E90A5CE63B08FADCFD0D" box="[1167,1281,619,645]" name="Colombia" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Both species lack any tornal ocelli on both fore and hindwings, as compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93C04D744A73E90A5B1B3BECFC3CFD21" baseAuthorityName="Godman" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[882,993,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="levana">
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A5B1B3BECFC3CFD21" box="[882,993,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">M. levana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93C04D744A73E90A5C7F3BECFB56FD21" authorityName="Mahecha-J & Triviño & Andrade-C & Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" box="[1046,1163,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bernito">
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A5C7F3BECFB56FD21" box="[1046,1163,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">M. bernito</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A5CF83BECFB15FD21" bold="true" box="[1169,1224,655,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">n. sp</emphasis>
|
||
, which have tornal ocelli in both sexes, although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93C04D744A73E90A598F3BD0FD80FD45" authority="Mahecha-J & Triviño & Andrade-C & Pyrcz, 2021" authorityName="Mahecha-J & Triviño & Andrade-C & Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" box="[486,605,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bernito" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A598F3BD0FD80FD45" box="[486,605,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">M. bernito</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7D87579E4A73E90A5A0D3BD0FD7EFD45" box="[612,675,691,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A5A0D3BD0FD46FD45" bold="true" box="[612,667,691,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">n. sp</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has a tornal ocellus only on the VFW. The male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93C04D744A73E90A5C8F3BD0FA8BFD45" authority="Mahecha-J & Triviño & Andrade-C & Pyrcz, 2021" authorityName="Mahecha-J & Triviño & Andrade-C & Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" box="[1254,1366,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clarita" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A5C8F3BD0FA8BFD45" box="[1254,1366,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">M. clarita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A5D343BD0FA41FD45" bold="true" box="[1373,1436,691,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7D87579E4A73E90A5D343BD0FA41FD45" box="[1373,1436,691,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
differs from the males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93C04D744A73E90A59D13BB4FDE6FD78" authorityName="Pyrcz & Viloria" authorityYear="2006" box="[440,571,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pervaga">
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A59D13BB4FDE6FD78" box="[440,571,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">M. pervaga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93C04D744A73E90A5A1B3BB4FD39FD79" baseAuthorityName="Godman" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[626,740,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="levana">
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A5A1B3BB4FD39FD79" box="[626,740,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">M. levana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, because of the presences of a thick greyish white line on the base of the discal cell to Cu1vein; a thinner line postdiscal greyish white extends over the Cu2 vein, being thicker in the terminal-termen part; in the A1 cell there is a thin postdiscal grayish white line that widens towards to the margin of the tornus. The male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93C04D744A73E90A5A7A3A20FD54FCD5" authority="Mahecha-J & Triviño & Andrade-C & Pyrcz, 2021" authorityName="Mahecha-J & Triviño & Andrade-C & Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" box="[531,649,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bernito" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A5A7A3A20FD54FCD5" box="[531,649,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">M. bernito</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A5AE63A20FD13FCD5" bold="true" box="[655,718,835,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7D87579E4A73E90A5AE63A20FD13FCD5" box="[655,718,835,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is similar to male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93C04D744A73E90A5BD03A20FBF4FCD5" authority="Mahecha-J & Triviño & Andrade-C & Pyrcz, 2021" authorityName="Mahecha-J & Triviño & Andrade-C & Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" box="[953,1065,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clarita" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A5BD03A20FBF4FCD5" box="[953,1065,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">M. clarita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A5C463A20FBB3FCD5" bold="true" box="[1071,1134,835,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7D87579E4A73E90A5C463A20FBB3FCD5" box="[1071,1134,835,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in the wing pattern, but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93C04D744A73E90A5D173A20FF35FC09" authority="Mahecha-J & Triviño & Andrade-C & Pyrcz, 2021" authorityName="Mahecha-J & Triviño & Andrade-C & Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bernito" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A5D173A20FF35FC09" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">M. bernito</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A58863A04FEF3FC09" bold="true" box="[239,302,871,897]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7D87579E4A73E90A58863A04FEF3FC09" box="[239,302,871,897]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
has a more prominent, wider postdiscal yellowish-brown line along the CuA1 vein than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93C04D744A73E90A5D663A04FAA2FC09" authority="Mahecha-J & Triviño & Andrade-C & Pyrcz, 2021" authorityName="Mahecha-J & Triviño & Andrade-C & Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" box="[1295,1407,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clarita" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A5D663A04FAA2FC09" box="[1295,1407,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">M. clarita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A5DEF3A04FF65FC2D" bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7D87579E4A73E90A5DEF3A04FF65FC2D" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Further differences are found in male genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CCFB2A724A73E90A5ABE3AE8FCEDFC2D" box="[727,816,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1984,2008]" captionTargetBox="[255,1335,192,1952]" captionTargetId="figure-21@5.[234,1352,181,1961]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male genitalia. A: M. bernito n. sp., holotype; B: M. levana; C: M. clarita n. sp., holotype; D: M. pervaga." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4761786" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4761786/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1CDA657C4A73E90A58AE3ACDFBFCF935" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="547F36F74A73E90A58AE3ACDFBFCF935" blockId="4.[151,1437,402,1977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A58AE3ACDFE86FC40" bold="true" box="[199,347,942,968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Description:</emphasis>
|
||
MALE (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CCFB2A724A73E90A59AB3ACCFDCFFC42" box="[450,530,943,970]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1587,1611]" captionTargetBox="[378,1186,358,1551]" captionTargetId="figure-104@3.[310,1278,345,1564]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adults of the Manerebia “levana” group. A: M. bernito n. sp., holotype; B: M. bernito n. sp., allotype; C: M. levana male; D: M. levana female; E: M. clarita n. sp., holotype male; F: M. pervaga male; G: M. pervaga female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4761782" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4761782/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Fig.1E</figureCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A5A4C3ACCFDB6FC41" box="[549,619,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Head:</emphasis>
|
||
antennae ventrally white with yellow-brown clubs, dorsally brown, with club twice as broad as shaft; eyes dark with yellow-brown hairs covering the back base of the eye; labial palp two times longer than head and covered with abundant light brown and black hairy scales.
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A5C103A94FB0EFB99" box="[1145,1235,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Thorax:</emphasis>
|
||
dorsally blackish brown, ventrally brown, densely hairy, yellow, covering the patagium. tegulae and prothorax; legs dorsally white with short red spines on the tarsus, ventrally white till last three tarsi which have many short silver spines.
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A5D403D5CFA41FBD1" box="[1321,1436,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Abdomen:</emphasis>
|
||
dorsally dark brown hairy, ventrally densely hairy, lighter on ventral surface, especially at the posterior tip, first abdominal segment white and last segments light brown.
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A5B4F3DE4FCA9FB28" box="[806,884,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Wings:</emphasis>
|
||
Forewing triangular (length: 17-20.2mm; mean: 19.6mm; n=2), hindwing rounded, tornus rounded, anal margin straight; dorsal surface of both wings hairy in basal half and along anal margin. Dorsal surface ground color coffee-brown; diffuse darker orange patch on DHW tornus. DFW uniform brown color, large-sized androconial patch uniforms until to the submarginal area, completely covering the discal cell. VFW ground color brown, slightly darkened at the base, costal margin lighter, distal margin, apical and subapical region ochraceous-brown, as well as the base of costal margin. VHW darker orange brown; darker brown at the base of discal cell; a thick greyish white line from the base of the discal cell to Cu1vein extending to the termen, a thinner line from discal to submarginal zone greyish white extends over the vein Cu2, being thicker in the terminal part up to the termen, and in the cell A1 there is a thin postdiscal grayish white line that widen towards to the margin of the tornus near to anal angle. These postdsical lines ‘V’-shaped in cells Cu1 to A1, and approximately parallel to the distal marginal.
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A5AF03C8CFCE2F981" box="[665,831,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="CCFB2A724A73E90A5B273C8CFC75F981" box="[846,936,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1984,2008]" captionTargetBox="[255,1335,192,1952]" captionTargetId="figure-21@5.[234,1352,181,1961]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male genitalia. A: M. bernito n. sp., holotype; B: M. levana; C: M. clarita n. sp., holotype; D: M. pervaga." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4761786" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4761786/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
|
||
): Uncus long and arched with length similar to tegumen; at distal tip to valva ‘five teeth’, which are a little apart from each other, and more prominent than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93C04D744A73E90A5D173F70FF2EF9D8" authorityName="Pyrcz & Viloria" authorityYear="2006" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pervaga">
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A5D173F70FF2EF9D8" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">M. pervaga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="CCFB2A724A73E90A596B3F54FE80F9D9" box="[258,349,1591,1617]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1984,2008]" captionTargetBox="[255,1335,192,1952]" captionTargetId="figure-21@5.[234,1352,181,1961]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male genitalia. A: M. bernito n. sp., holotype; B: M. levana; C: M. clarita n. sp., holotype; D: M. pervaga." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4761786" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4761786/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
); it has dense hair from sacculus towards apex; aedeagus as long as valva, elongate, similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93C04D744A73E90A5D173F54FF35F9FD" authority="Mahecha-J & Triviño & Andrade-C & Pyrcz, 2021" authorityName="Mahecha-J & Triviño & Andrade-C & Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bernito" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A5D173F54FF35F9FD" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">M. bernito</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A58993F38FEEDF9FD" bold="true" box="[240,304,1627,1653]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7D87579E4A73E90A58993F38FEEDF9FD" box="[240,304,1627,1653]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93C04D744A73E90A59293F38FE1FF9FC" authorityName="Pyrcz & Viloria" authorityYear="2006" box="[320,450,1627,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pervaga">
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A59293F38FE1FF9FC" box="[320,450,1627,1652]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">M. pervaga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93C04D744A73E90A59933F38FDB1F9FD" baseAuthorityName="Godman" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[506,620,1627,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="levana">
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A59933F38FDB1F9FD" box="[506,620,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">M. levana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; with two dorso-lateral patches of spines in middle of posterior section, but in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93C04D744A73E90A58B43F1CFE91F911" authority="Mahecha-J & Triviño & Andrade-C & Pyrcz, 2021" authorityName="Mahecha-J & Triviño & Andrade-C & Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" box="[221,332,1663,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clarita" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A58B43F1CFE91F911" box="[221,332,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">M. clarita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A593B3F1CFE52F911" bold="true" box="[338,399,1663,1689]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7D87579E4A73E90A593B3F1CFE52F911" box="[338,399,1663,1689]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
these spines are more robust than the others; the apical part of the aedeagus of the subsequent process is rectangular in shape; saccus shorter and breadth. FEMALE: unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1CDA657C4A73E90A58AE3FA4FDE2F8A1" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="547F36F74A73E90A58AE3FA4FDE2F8A1" blockId="4.[151,1437,402,1977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A58AE3FA4FE8FF969" bold="true" box="[199,338,1735,1761]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
The specific name is a dedication to Clara Inés Jiménez Moreno, mother of the first author, Mahecha-J. She has been the inspiration and support for him throughout his life. Thank you for your dedication to being the best mom and grandmother.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1CDA657C4A73E90A58AE3E50FEE0F831" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="547F36F74A73E90A58AE3E50FEE0F831" blockId="4.[151,1437,402,1977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A58AE3E50FEE0F8C5" bold="true" box="[199,317,1843,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
This species is externally most similar to
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A5B7E3E50FBCAF8C4" box="[791,1047,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93C04D744A73E90A5B7E3E50FC54F8C5" baseAuthorityName="Godman" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[791,905,1843,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="levana">M. levana</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93C04D744A73E90A5BFC3E50FBCAF8C4" authorityName="Pyrcz & Viloria" authorityYear="2006" box="[917,1047,1843,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pervaga">M. pervaga</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93C04D744A73E90A5C273E50FB19F8C5" authority="Mahecha-J & Triviño & Andrade-C & Pyrcz, 2021" authorityName="Mahecha-J & Triviño & Andrade-C & Pyrcz" authorityYear="2021" box="[1102,1220,1843,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Manerebia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bernito" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A5C273E50FB19F8C5" box="[1102,1220,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">M. bernito</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="66B4EAE54A73E90A5CA53E50FAD6F8C5" bold="true" box="[1228,1291,1843,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7D87579E4A73E90A5CA53E50FAD6F8C5" box="[1228,1291,1843,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
This species may be designated as vulnerable, because of the loss of natural habitats where it occurs. In this kind of habitat, many anthropic activities take place, such as livestock and mining. Ecological studies are necessary to evaluate the status of this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |