426 lines
32 KiB
XML
426 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.874.32268" ID-GBIF-Dataset="93bc2dc6-a9c6-40c0-a0fe-616926cc8ff1" ID-PMC="PMC6746741" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-874-101" ID-Pensoft-UUID="72EC183E76CE56299C73C0B871E8EACE" ID-PubMed="31565020" ID-ZooBank="FFE15112CCBA47EB8F5C0723F96E41EE" ModsDocID="1313-2970-874-101" checkinTime="1568112313650" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Parker-Nance, Shirley, Hilliar, Storm, Waterworth, Samantha, Walmsley, Tara & Dorrington, Rosemary" docDate="2019" docId="B2453216359852CDB367711C39A9A0E2" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 874: 101-126" docOrigin="ZooKeys 874" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.874.32268" docTitle="Tsitsikamma michaeli Parker-Nance, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="72EC183E76CE56299C73C0B871E8EACE" lastPageNumber="112" masterDocId="72EC183E76CE56299C73C0B871E8EACE" masterDocTitle="New species in the sponge genus Tsitsikamma (Poecilosclerida, Latrunculiidae) from South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="126" masterPageNumber="101" pageNumber="109" updateTime="1668167773384" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New species in the sponge genus Tsitsikamma (Poecilosclerida, Latrunculiidae) from South Africa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Parker-Nance, Shirley</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hilliar, Storm</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Waterworth, Samantha</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Walmsley, Tara</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dorrington, Rosemary</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>874</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>101</mods:start>
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<mods:end>126</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.874.32268</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.874.32268</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-874-101</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">FFE15112CCBA47EB8F5C0723F96E41EE</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">72EC183E76CE56299C73C0B871E8EACE</mods:identifier>
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||
</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159413161" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B2453216359852CDB367711C39A9A0E2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B2453216359852CDB367711C39A9A0E2" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
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<taxonomicName LSID="B2453216359852CDB367711C39A9A0E2" authority="Parker-Nance" class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Tsitsikamma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tsitsikamma michaeli" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="michaeli">Tsitsikamma michaeli Parker-Nance</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="8" pageNumber="109">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Tsitsikamma michaeli sp. nov. a-c in situ d collected specimens with yellow encrusting Mycale (Mycale) sp. short stalk visible SAIAB 207204 e section through the ectosome with underlying choanosome SAIAB 207220 f robust centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207202 g thin slightly ventrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207208 h short slightly sinuous strongyles i-l SEM images of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207204 m-n light microscope images of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207204 and SAIAB 207220. Scale bars 6 cm (distance between laser points) (a-c); 5 cm (d); 1 mm (e); 100 µm (f-h); 20 µm (i-n)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/338778" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure4">
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Figure 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="a–n">a-n</normalizedToken>
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</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="110" start="start">Type</pageBreakToken>
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material.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Holotype.</emphasis>
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- SAIAB 207202 Evans Peak, Algoa Bay, Eastern Cape Province,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="33.84548" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-33.84548">-33.84548</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="25.81663" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="25.81663">25.81663</geoCoordinate>
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, 30-34 m depth, 12 November 2015.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Paratype.</emphasis>
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- TIC2009-009, Evans Peak, Algoa Bay, Eastern Cape Province,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="33.84297" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-33.84297">-33.84297</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="25.81647" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="25.81647">25.81647</geoCoordinate>
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, 25-30 m depth, 15 May 2009.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
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SAIAB 207204, SAIAB 207205: Evans Peak, Algoa Bay, Eastern Cape Province,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="33.84548" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-33.84548">-33.84548</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="25.31663" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="25.31663">25.31663</geoCoordinate>
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, 25-33 m depth, 10 October 2010; SAIAB 207206, SAIAB 207207, SAIAB 207208, SAIAB 207209: Evans Peak, Algoa Bay, Eastern Cape Province,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="33.84418" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-33.84418">-33.84418</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="25.81522" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="25.81522">25.81522</geoCoordinate>
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, 30-34 m depth, 30 October 2015; SAIAB 207210: Evans Peak, Algoa Bay, Eastern Cape Province,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="33.84548" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-33.84548">-33.84548</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="25.31663" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="25.31663">25.31663</geoCoordinate>
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, 30 m depth, April 2011; SAIAB 207211: Algoa Bay, Eastern Cape Province, 5 November 2002.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="111" pageId="9" pageNumber="110" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="110">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="111" pageId="9" pageNumber="110">
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Small olive-green, purse shaped sponge up to 5 cm high (2 cm stalk and 3 cm rounded head) or sessile, 5-10 cm in diameter. In some cases, the large
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<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="111" start="start">sponge</pageBreakToken>
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may be loosely subdivided into sections (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Tsitsikamma michaeli sp. nov. a-c in situ d collected specimens with yellow encrusting Mycale (Mycale) sp. short stalk visible SAIAB 207204 e section through the ectosome with underlying choanosome SAIAB 207220 f robust centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207202 g thin slightly ventrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207208 h short slightly sinuous strongyles i-l SEM images of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207204 m-n light microscope images of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207204 and SAIAB 207220. Scale bars 6 cm (distance between laser points) (a-c); 5 cm (d); 1 mm (e); 100 µm (f-h); 20 µm (i-n)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/338778" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure4">
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Fig. 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="a–c">a-c</normalizedToken>
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</figureCitation>
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). Small short tube-shaped oscula, 2.5-4 mm high and 1.8-5.5 mm wide at the base narrows to a point and may be laterally flattened in preserved material. The particularly large stalked cauliform porefields are 3-7 mm high and 3-6.5 mm wide, with the porefields spilling over the supporting stalk (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Tsitsikamma michaeli sp. nov. a-c in situ d collected specimens with yellow encrusting Mycale (Mycale) sp. short stalk visible SAIAB 207204 e section through the ectosome with underlying choanosome SAIAB 207220 f robust centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207202 g thin slightly ventrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207208 h short slightly sinuous strongyles i-l SEM images of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207204 m-n light microscope images of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207204 and SAIAB 207220. Scale bars 6 cm (distance between laser points) (a-c); 5 cm (d); 1 mm (e); 100 µm (f-h); 20 µm (i-n)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/338778" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure4">Fig. 4d</figureCitation>
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). The freshly collected sponge is a dark to olive green colour with light cream tipped oscula and darker brown green areolate porefields (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Tsitsikamma michaeli sp. nov. a-c in situ d collected specimens with yellow encrusting Mycale (Mycale) sp. short stalk visible SAIAB 207204 e section through the ectosome with underlying choanosome SAIAB 207220 f robust centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207202 g thin slightly ventrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207208 h short slightly sinuous strongyles i-l SEM images of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207204 m-n light microscope images of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207204 and SAIAB 207220. Scale bars 6 cm (distance between laser points) (a-c); 5 cm (d); 1 mm (e); 100 µm (f-h); 20 µm (i-n)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/338778" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure4">Fig. 4d</figureCitation>
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). The interior choanosome is bright green. Preserved specimens are olive to tan in colour.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/338778" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Figure 4.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Tsitsikamma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tsitsikamma michaeli" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="michaeli">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Tsitsikamma michaeli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="a–c">a-c</normalizedToken>
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</emphasis>
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in situ
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">d</emphasis>
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collected specimens with yellow encrusting
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<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mycale (Mycale)" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Porifera" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Mycale">Mycale (Mycale)</taxonomicName>
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sp. short stalk visible SAIAB 207204
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">e</emphasis>
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section through the ectosome with underlying choanosome SAIAB 207220
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">f</emphasis>
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robust centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207202
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">g</emphasis>
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thin slightly ventrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207208
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">h</emphasis>
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short slightly sinuous strongyles
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="i–l">i-l</normalizedToken>
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</emphasis>
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SEM images of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207204
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="m–n">m-n</normalizedToken>
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</emphasis>
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light microscope images of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207204 and SAIAB 207220. Scale bars 6 cm (distance between laser points) (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="a–c">a-c</normalizedToken>
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)
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</emphasis>
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; 5 cm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">d)</emphasis>
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; 1 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">e)</emphasis>
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; 100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="f–h">f-h</normalizedToken>
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)
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</emphasis>
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; 20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="i–n">i-n</normalizedToken>
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</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Skeleton.</emphasis>
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The soft delicate, bright green, interior choanosome is encapsulated by a protected firm resilient green ectosome 1000 (200-1500)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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thick (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Tsitsikamma michaeli sp. nov. a-c in situ d collected specimens with yellow encrusting Mycale (Mycale) sp. short stalk visible SAIAB 207204 e section through the ectosome with underlying choanosome SAIAB 207220 f robust centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207202 g thin slightly ventrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207208 h short slightly sinuous strongyles i-l SEM images of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207204 m-n light microscope images of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207204 and SAIAB 207220. Scale bars 6 cm (distance between laser points) (a-c); 5 cm (d); 1 mm (e); 100 µm (f-h); 20 µm (i-n)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/338778" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure4">Fig. 4d, e</figureCitation>
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). The attachment area or short stalk is represented by a thickening of the ectosome. No reinforced tracts are present through the interior.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Spicules.</emphasis>
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Megascleres
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</emphasis>
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consists of acerate, hastate or blunt styles that are prominently centrally thickened prominently; (i) 713 (537-935) x 21 (12-30)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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and (ii) long slender styles 622 (439-769) x 9 (4-13)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, with occasionally short thick anisostrongyles (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Tsitsikamma michaeli sp. nov. a-c in situ d collected specimens with yellow encrusting Mycale (Mycale) sp. short stalk visible SAIAB 207204 e section through the ectosome with underlying choanosome SAIAB 207220 f robust centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207202 g thin slightly ventrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207208 h short slightly sinuous strongyles i-l SEM images of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207204 m-n light microscope images of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207204 and SAIAB 207220. Scale bars 6 cm (distance between laser points) (a-c); 5 cm (d); 1 mm (e); 100 µm (f-h); 20 µm (i-n)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/338778" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure4">
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Fig. 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="f–h">f-h</normalizedToken>
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</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Microscleres.</emphasis>
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Isochiadiscorhabds are 38 (34-44)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in length with three or four whorls. The shaft is 30 (19-37) x 6 (4-8)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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. The terminal whorls consist of a clearly larger manubrium 19 (14-23)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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and apical whorls 16 (13-21)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in diameter (Table
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<tableCitation captionStartId="T4" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/540C91E1F58354D2FE82E967F761794A" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" tableUuid="540C91E1F58354D2FE82E967F761794A">4</tableCitation>
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). The acanthose tubercles are arranged in sets of two to four, radiating from the terminal ends (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Tsitsikamma michaeli sp. nov. a-c in situ d collected specimens with yellow encrusting Mycale (Mycale) sp. short stalk visible SAIAB 207204 e section through the ectosome with underlying choanosome SAIAB 207220 f robust centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207202 g thin slightly ventrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207208 h short slightly sinuous strongyles i-l SEM images of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207204 m-n light microscope images of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207204 and SAIAB 207220. Scale bars 6 cm (distance between laser points) (a-c); 5 cm (d); 1 mm (e); 100 µm (f-h); 20 µm (i-n)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/338778" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure4">
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Fig. 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="i–n">i-n</normalizedToken>
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</figureCitation>
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). The sponge is often encrusted by a yellow
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<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mycale (Mycale)" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Porifera" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Mycale">Mycale (Mycale)</taxonomicName>
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sponge species also found on the surface of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pedunculata" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rank="species" species="pedunculata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">T. pedunculata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Table-UUID="540C91E1F58354D2FE82E967F761794A" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/540C91E1F58354D2FE82E967F761794A" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" start="Table 4" startId="T4">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Table 4.</emphasis>
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Comparison between morphological structures (µm)
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pedunculata" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rank="species" species="pedunculata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">T. pedunculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. michaeli" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rank="species" species="michaeli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">T. michaeli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<table pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<tr pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<th colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rowspan="1">-</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pedunculata" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rank="species" species="pedunculata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">T. pedunculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. michaeli" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rank="species" species="michaeli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">T. michaeli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rowspan="1">Ectosome</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rowspan="1">818 (200-1800) (n = 11)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rowspan="1">1000 (200-1500) (n = 10)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rowspan="1">Megascleres</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rowspan="1">(i) 536(500-555) x 11*</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rowspan="1">(n = 20) *</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rowspan="1">(ii) 684(591-728) x 16 *</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rowspan="1">(i) 622(439-769) x 9(4-13)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rowspan="1">(n = 160)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rowspan="1">(i) 673(562-798) x 11(4-15)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rowspan="1">(ii) 713(537-935) x 21(12-30)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rowspan="1">(ii) 636(541-788) x 15(12-17)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<td colspan="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rowspan="1">Microscleres</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rowspan="1">(n = 20) *</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rowspan="1">29 (27-30) x 7 *</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rowspan="1">38 (34-44) x 6 (4-8)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rowspan="1">(n = 80)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rowspan="1">29 (26-34) x 7 (5-9)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="111" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Tsitsikamma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tsitsikamma michaeli" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="michaeli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Tsitsikamma michaeli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. is named after Professor Michael T Davies-Coleman, Dean of Science, Department of Medical BioScience, University of the Western Cape in recognition of his outstanding contributions to our knowledge of the diversity of South African marine fauna and their production of bioactive secondary metabolites.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="111" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Algoa Bay</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="111" type="substrate, depth range, and ecology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Substrate, depth range, and ecology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Tsitsikamma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tsitsikamma michaeli" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="michaeli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Tsitsikamma michaeli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. is a small species found on similar reef habitat as to
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pedunculata" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rank="species" species="pedunculata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">T. pedunculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Algoa Bay, sometimes in close proximity, at depths between 33-38 m. It shares the same epibiont
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mycale (Mycale)" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" phylum="Porifera" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Mycale">Mycale (Mycale)</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, which grow on the sponge surface between the oscula and porefields.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="111">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">
|
||
The absence of reinforcing spicule-dense tracts through the interior choanosome differentiates this new species from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. favus" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rank="species" species="favus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">T. favus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. scurra" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rank="species" species="scurra">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">T. scurra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The sac- or purse-like shape of the
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. michaeli" pageId="10" pageNumber="111" rank="species" species="michaeli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="111">T. michaeli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. and the well-spaced oscula and porefields resemble
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="112" start="start">those</pageBreakToken>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pedunculata" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" rank="species" species="pedunculata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">T. pedunculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but the species differs in colour, bright to olive-green compared to the purplish pink to brown of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pedunculata" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" rank="species" species="pedunculata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">T. pedunculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It does not have a stalk, although the basal attachment area of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. michaeli" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" rank="species" species="michaeli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">T. michaeli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. is reinforced by a thickening of the ectosome (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Tsitsikamma michaeli sp. nov. a-c in situ d collected specimens with yellow encrusting Mycale (Mycale) sp. short stalk visible SAIAB 207204 e section through the ectosome with underlying choanosome SAIAB 207220 f robust centrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207202 g thin slightly ventrally thickened sinuous style SAIAB 207208 h short slightly sinuous strongyles i-l SEM images of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207204 m-n light microscope images of chiadiscorhabds SAIAB 207204 and SAIAB 207220. Scale bars 6 cm (distance between laser points) (a-c); 5 cm (d); 1 mm (e); 100 µm (f-h); 20 µm (i-n)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/338778" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.874.32268.figure4">Fig. 4d</figureCitation>
|
||
). The resistant ectosome is of similar thickness for the two species (Table
|
||
<tableCitation captionStartId="T4" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/540C91E1F58354D2FE82E967F761794A" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" tableUuid="540C91E1F58354D2FE82E967F761794A">4</tableCitation>
|
||
). The category (i) megascleres are shorter and thinner in
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
|
||
T
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="michaeli" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" rank="species" species="michaeli">michaeli</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
sp. nov. while the category (ii) styles are longer and more robust than that of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pedunculata" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" rank="species" species="pedunculata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">T. pedunculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Table
|
||
<tableCitation captionStartId="T4" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/540C91E1F58354D2FE82E967F761794A" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" tableUuid="540C91E1F58354D2FE82E967F761794A">4</tableCitation>
|
||
). The microscleres of these two species have a similarly structured manubrium with tubercle in groups of four or more, but the tubercles are arranged in groups of three in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pedunculata" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" rank="species" species="pedunculata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">T. pedunculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and in pairs in the apex whorl of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. michaeli" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" rank="species" species="michaeli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">T. michaeli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Latrunculiidae" genus="Tsitsikamma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tsitsikamma pedunculata" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pedunculata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Tsitsikamma pedunculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lack the median whorl and the spicule is shorter (Table
|
||
<tableCitation captionStartId="T4" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/540C91E1F58354D2FE82E967F761794A" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" tableUuid="540C91E1F58354D2FE82E967F761794A">4</tableCitation>
|
||
), while
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. michaeli" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" rank="species" species="michaeli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">T. michaeli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. may have up to two whorls between the apical whorls and manubrium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
|
||
There was no intraspecific genetic diversity for the 28S rRNA gene region for
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. michaeli" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" rank="species" species="michaeli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">T. michaeli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and no interspecific genetic diversity for
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. michaeli" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" rank="species" species="michaeli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">T. michaeli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pedunculata" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" rank="species" species="pedunculata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">T. pedunculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was observed in this work (Suppl. material 1: Table S1). There was, however, interspecific genetic diversity of between 0.48-0.65 % between
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. michaeli" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" rank="species" species="michaeli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">T. michaeli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. favus" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" rank="species" species="favus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">T. favus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and 0.32 % between
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. michaeli" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" rank="species" species="michaeli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">T. michaeli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. scurra" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" rank="species" species="scurra">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">T. scurra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |