552 lines
58 KiB
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552 lines
58 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1168.101248" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1168-107" ID-Pensoft-UUID="43A275935D5C592B9D4EEAC80580D62F" ID-ZooBank="EB2792B3881D42C6998CBC2750877783" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1168-107" checkinTime="1687914556712" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wei, Jingcheng & Kong, Lingfeng" docDate="2023" docId="18CAA66D5294548B81E4B764C19B3990" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1168: 107-129" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1168" docPubDate="2023-06-27" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1168.101248" docTitle="Kaloplocamus albopunctatus Wei & Kong 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="C4814283-1992-489A-8BD4-68F82CACFE14" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="2" id="43A275935D5C592B9D4EEAC80580D62F" lastPageNumber="107" masterDocId="43A275935D5C592B9D4EEAC80580D62F" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic review of Kaloplocamus from the Yellow Sea, China with the description of a new species (Nudibranchia, Doridina, Polyceridae)" masterLastPageNumber="129" masterPageNumber="107" pageNumber="107" updateTime="1687914858552" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="1CAF4BD7B4AC9D9512D0340359D6497B">Taxonomic review of Kaloplocamus from the Yellow Sea, China with the description of a new species (Nudibranchia, Doridina, Polyceridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="89556D32D0776290EA5602A88DF0DF05">Wei, Jingcheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2C07BD843793E6B2B43BBBCE504C40AF">Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2B13E05EBA95643F8652774E5DDB1867">Kong, Lingfeng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7F7BBB8C161296A76524B0BDCC215CD8" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5263-1697</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="A3F05BBC83387BD8BD66B26911D8A484">Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China & Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572000, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="24CFFDE97ECEC18499552109FB3765ED" type="email">klfaly@ouc.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="014846821C6D5D82E4D02C7933CFFC4A">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B9AD26BEBEE41A6CE8175055CB7905F6">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9F678040E37E466105DF35F94F81F014">2023-06-27</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="FA1071405D9F022AE4BB7C2C8623A99F">1168</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="C446E49283A59A9C373B56F567B56937" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1168.101248</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="18CAA66D5294548B81E4B764C19B3990" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C4814283-1992-489A-8BD4-68F82CACFE14" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/18CAA66D5294548B81E4B764C19B3990" lastPageNumber="107" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">
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<subSubSection id="71F545D74988F525FD67F67C0A3E9855" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="266B3D4649960BCC0CB9B4AC3DE5945E" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">
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<taxonomicName id="51C338A226EC9BB951EEEAD82F23C91D" LSID="https://zoobank.org/C4814283-1992-489A-8BD4-68F82CACFE14" authority="Wei & Kong, 2023" authorityName="Wei & Kong" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Kaloplocamus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kaloplocamus albopunctatus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albopunctatus" status="sp. nov.">Kaloplocamus albopunctatus</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="BA2F068423B2D46A5EED397D58408FD2" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9945CB8B7610D4220948D2A76FA7A6D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" type="description">
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<paragraph id="82298100AF8D0FDF4FC771328DC285BB" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">
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<figureCitation id="6EAD9221DCA140639FA7F96EB6E2595A" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Holotype of Kaloplocamus albopunctatus sp. nov., living specimen, 22 mm in length A dorsal view B lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1168.101248.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/869430" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">Figs 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="52FAE2B182AB63775D5A4C81C3E70983" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Paratype LSGB hb 266000 0305 of Kaloplocamus albopunctatus sp. nov. SEM photographs of the radula and jaws A complete radula B, C outer marginal teeth D inner lateral teeth E rachis F jaws. Scale bars: 500 μm (A); 200 μm (B); 100 μm (D); 20 μm (C, E); 100 μm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1168.101248.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/869431" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">, 4</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="3F10B07C320720ACD78A5464624CF4BC" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Paratype LSGB hb 266000 0305 of Kaloplocamus albopunctatus sp. nov., diagram of the reproductive anatomy. Abbreviations: am - ampulla; bc - bursa copulatrix; f - female gland mass; p - prostate; s - receptaculum seminis; u - uterine duct; v - vagina; vd - vas deferens. Scale bar: 1000 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1168.101248.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/869432" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">, 5</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6E0AE1F7E60D5DADB1F7129B9A4351F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="F07AF3A90EE60C7E20425EE722AA6122" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">
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<taxonomicName id="05B624B0C97465B41A2602D23D1A3177" authority="Wei & Kong, 2023" authorityName="Wei & Kong" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Kaloplocamus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kaloplocamus ramosus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ramosus" status="sp. nov.">Kaloplocamus ramosus</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="09476A038467F345EE765AE5BA1AB820" author="Qi, Z" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" refId="B33" refString="Qi, Z, Lin, G, Zhang, F, Ma, X, 1986. Chinese Animal Atlas-Molluscs (3). Science Press, Beijing" title="Chinese Animal Atlas-Molluscs (3)." year="1986">Qi et al. 1986</bibRefCitation>
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: 63;
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<bibRefCitation id="DFAB99EAE4FDDBF3CEFBEB447C483D23" author="Baba, K" journalOrPublisher="Venus (Fukuyama-Shi, Japan)" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" pagination="231 - 243" refId="B2" refString="Baba, K, 1989. Review of the genus Kaloplocamus from Japan (Nudibranchia: Polyceridae s.l.). Venus (Fukuyama-Shi, Japan) 48: 231 - 243" title="Review of the genus Kaloplocamus from Japan (Nudibranchia: Polyceridae s. l.)." volume="48" year="1989">Baba 1989</bibRefCitation>
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: 232-234, figs 1-3;
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<bibRefCitation id="94411E40CFE121CE242A6D858D4D893C" author="Qi, Z" journalOrPublisher="Agricultural Publishing House, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" refId="B34" refString="Qi, Z, Ma, X, Wang, Z, Lin, G, Xu, F, Dong, Z, Li, F, Lv, R, 1989. Mollusca of Huanghai and Bohai. Agricultural Publishing House, Beijing" title="Mollusca of Huanghai and Bohai." year="1989">Qi et al. 1989</bibRefCitation>
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: 119, fig. 88;
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<bibRefCitation id="752FC4063801AF211466F4DA669793E7" author="Zhang, S" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" refId="B50" refString="Zhang, S, Zhang, J, Chen, Z, Xu, F, 2016. Mollusks of the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. Science Press, Beijing" title="Mollusks of the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea." year="2016">Zhang et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
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: 207, fig. 255.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="461D1A3F312778E2E4E678E3B804BFA1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" type="type locality">
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<paragraph id="BA441CE3DD66A6CA8FCB1DB042D53F4C" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D3520176D3FF58630E881048D71F5A57" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">China, Shandong: Tianheng Town, 36°33.7′N, 120°58.6′E.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2665C70DC69A4D29F373C27D7B21F3BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">
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<emphasis id="35A0EF9A38C0B3EEAE9F192087225A54" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">Holotype</emphasis>
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: Alcohol-fixed, original label: "CN, SD, Tianheng,
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<geoCoordinate id="746E36E875A89CB806C624FF267CCEB1" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="33.7" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="36.56167">36°33.7′N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="02CB7FD3C33A95A0A422A05DA7AA1A38" degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="58.6" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="120.97667">120°58.6′E</geoCoordinate>
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, 26 Apr. 2022, J.C. Wei" "MBM287619 ".
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="327C7F43A264C01469A0CC18CFB8FEC0" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">
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<emphasis id="07C6B9B0B5A8A3EE6876FFF473FCE8E7" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">Paratypes</emphasis>
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: Alcohol-fixed, two specimens, original label: "CN, SD, Tianheng,
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<geoCoordinate id="8F681C782898CD3FA121A86A5A292D79" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="33.7" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="36.56167">36°33.7′N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="1AB76A65CB04E61A287F6DC788E545FF" degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="58.6" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="120.97667">120°58.6′E</geoCoordinate>
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, 26 Apr. 2022, J.C. Wei" "LSGB hb266000 0302 to 0303"; alcohol-fixed, five specimens, original label: "CN, SD, Tianheng,
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<geoCoordinate id="C60147635AC4B2456E8C9CAE472A87BA" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="33.7" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="36.56167">36°33.7′N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="A4CA69A73170A46F15BC6486C23E77D9" degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="58.6" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="120.97667">120°58.6′E</geoCoordinate>
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, 04 May. 2022, J.C. Wei" "LSGB hb266000 0304 to 0308".
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="92944BAFED7EF0DBF75CF6229BDB3FAF" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" type="description">
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<paragraph id="7CF6CE9CC21DBC7E800EDFE24D85B587" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2B8724150956C1175ADF74052803550E" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">
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<emphasis id="281A57D65015EFF4E17B9590832D1261" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">External morphology</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation id="264A89121B072532A517B8767C2BC657" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Holotype of Kaloplocamus albopunctatus sp. nov., living specimen, 22 mm in length A dorsal view B lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1168.101248.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/869430" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">3</figureCitation>
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) Living animals are up to 25 mm long. The body is elongate, limaciform, bright orange, and with the whole body covered with reddish dots except the foot. These dots are especially dense in the portions around the bases of the lateral appendages and branchial leaves. The lateral portions of the body have scattered white patches composed of dots in series and are moderately transparent so that the digestive gland is visible. The mantle is rather smooth, with very few small, white tubercles on the dorsum. The oral tentacles are flat and wide. The head bears eight velar appendages, which are short, pale orange-yellow, semitranslucent with reddish dots, and the tips are a brighter orange-red color. There are clusters of short, acute ramifications on the velar appendages. The bases of these ramifications are orange-red, while the rest is cream-colored. The dorsum has four pairs of lateral appendages that are larger than the appendages on the head, also with clusters of ramifications. These dorsal appendages share almost the same shape and coloration as the velar ones except that each of the dorsal appendages bears more ramifications. The gill is situated between the second and third pair of appendages. There are five tripinnate branchial leaves and they have the same coloration as the body; the stems of the leaves are translucent and have bright orange dots. The rhinophores have a semitranslucent peduncle with small, dense, orange-yellow dots. The clavus is orange in color, with approximately 16-18 rhinophoral lamellae and with a white tip and a white line on the anterior side. The rhinophoral sheath is short and speckled with orange-yellow dots. The posterior part of the foot is elongate, acutely pointed, and red-orange, with many opaque, white, pointed tubercles that are concentrated centrally.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="F1B5DB02238D76CF3AFC44AF6526791B" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1168.101248.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/869430" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
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<paragraph id="02C79092B023CCB801C5763AB2DA8B20" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">
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<emphasis id="47E5E827B0F7E79E09DF828D69E16A27" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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Holotype of
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<taxonomicName id="861FE1C840F1C5DC2311CFFD42E68E6F" authorityName="Wei & Kong" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Kaloplocamus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kaloplocamus albopunctatus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albopunctatus">
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<emphasis id="9BE1F344C7F939C242B82AD2D46106F8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">Kaloplocamus albopunctatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., living specimen, 22 mm in length
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<emphasis id="8031FC31B443156678A7A86D82FB6E8C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">A</emphasis>
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dorsal view
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<emphasis id="E72E1E7DE0E2AD19BC5A0077B1235C57" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">B</emphasis>
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lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="CE43D48E337E8CEC389F0CE8DDED8F59" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">
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<emphasis id="8D788645A54A45200C9557E4A3CD4228" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">Radula</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation id="BCC9F1CBB871A49EFFCBD70FB541A890" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Paratype LSGB hb 266000 0305 of Kaloplocamus albopunctatus sp. nov. SEM photographs of the radula and jaws A complete radula B, C outer marginal teeth D inner lateral teeth E rachis F jaws. Scale bars: 500 μm (A); 200 μm (B); 100 μm (D); 20 μm (C, E); 100 μm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1168.101248.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/869431" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">4</figureCitation>
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) The radular formula of the 23 mm specimen examined is 15
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<normalizedToken id="E232F91C552061D4ECD6F55F0A620AB9" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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13.3.0.3.13. The radula is characterized by the presence of two types of well-differentiated teeth (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="12BB79A6428EA8D4291D6F2F987FAD55" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Paratype LSGB hb 266000 0305 of Kaloplocamus albopunctatus sp. nov. SEM photographs of the radula and jaws A complete radula B, C outer marginal teeth D inner lateral teeth E rachis F jaws. Scale bars: 500 μm (A); 200 μm (B); 100 μm (D); 20 μm (C, E); 100 μm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1168.101248.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/869431" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">4A-D</figureCitation>
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). The three inner lateral teeth share a similar hook-like shape, and a secondary cusp is developed although only the outermost one has a short, less obvious cusp. The hook of the outermost lateral teeth is sharp while on the innermost two teeth, it is comparatively blunt (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="F2B5E22370DD4D433DF72D138D807A80" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Paratype LSGB hb 266000 0305 of Kaloplocamus albopunctatus sp. nov. SEM photographs of the radula and jaws A complete radula B, C outer marginal teeth D inner lateral teeth E rachis F jaws. Scale bars: 500 μm (A); 200 μm (B); 100 μm (D); 20 μm (C, E); 100 μm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1168.101248.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/869431" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">4A, D</figureCitation>
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). The outer marginal teeth are roughly rectangular in shape, with long grooves on the surface (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="B572723442BF755B8FDC0CF2E4218E6F" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Paratype LSGB hb 266000 0305 of Kaloplocamus albopunctatus sp. nov. SEM photographs of the radula and jaws A complete radula B, C outer marginal teeth D inner lateral teeth E rachis F jaws. Scale bars: 500 μm (A); 200 μm (B); 100 μm (D); 20 μm (C, E); 100 μm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1168.101248.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/869431" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">4C</figureCitation>
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). The sizes of these teeth are equivalent except for the teeth on the very edge, which are much smaller than the others (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="6331BFCEAF3561373DFDE13754171C51" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Paratype LSGB hb 266000 0305 of Kaloplocamus albopunctatus sp. nov. SEM photographs of the radula and jaws A complete radula B, C outer marginal teeth D inner lateral teeth E rachis F jaws. Scale bars: 500 μm (A); 200 μm (B); 100 μm (D); 20 μm (C, E); 100 μm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1168.101248.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/869431" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">4B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The rachis is granulated and is not transversally divided in rows (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="3B21C30DAB8E72AC8DDBE196E35E4D42" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Paratype LSGB hb 266000 0305 of Kaloplocamus albopunctatus sp. nov. SEM photographs of the radula and jaws A complete radula B, C outer marginal teeth D inner lateral teeth E rachis F jaws. Scale bars: 500 μm (A); 200 μm (B); 100 μm (D); 20 μm (C, E); 100 μm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1168.101248.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/869431" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">4E</figureCitation>
|
||
). The jaws have thin, elongate rodlets which are densely packed (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="729994E6399B05E0066292C9CA703ADC" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Paratype LSGB hb 266000 0305 of Kaloplocamus albopunctatus sp. nov. SEM photographs of the radula and jaws A complete radula B, C outer marginal teeth D inner lateral teeth E rachis F jaws. Scale bars: 500 μm (A); 200 μm (B); 100 μm (D); 20 μm (C, E); 100 μm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1168.101248.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/869431" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">4F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="014DFB5CD4B1444DC4D32941CB07CE72" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1168.101248.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/869431" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph id="17D7539770CE6FEEFAF2B23BF4401BFA" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<emphasis id="179F9DF8528D981463052BA53E6FA302" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Paratype LSGB hb266000 0305 of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="10D5103686066E9DF22C0DA2133FCFB5" authorityName="Wei & Kong" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Kaloplocamus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kaloplocamus albopunctatus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albopunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="15E4482FEF561842997F8DA552A012C0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">Kaloplocamus albopunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. SEM photographs of the radula and jaws
|
||
<emphasis id="E537C6C4A359963319E68D40FA1AB664" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">A</emphasis>
|
||
complete radula
|
||
<emphasis id="1E44290BD331BE008041F67A69D78605" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">B, C</emphasis>
|
||
outer marginal teeth
|
||
<emphasis id="57E79926E1209DBDC276BC8840F8CD20" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">D</emphasis>
|
||
inner lateral teeth
|
||
<emphasis id="3319B24D5EC72344BA519773815B56AE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">E</emphasis>
|
||
rachis
|
||
<emphasis id="FACBA4BC11B0EA82CC77258104DF3557" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">F</emphasis>
|
||
jaws. Scale bars: 500
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4A559D8722C22186F29ABCA3662A9B1B" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="C2D06D993636B3383251BC602E3AC635" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">A</emphasis>
|
||
); 200
|
||
<normalizedToken id="906CAD92679777637441FFC42DF0444C" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="8884BBE0D3C15E15031EB025F235C2B2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">B</emphasis>
|
||
); 100
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B8E9ACEA16A7FC5994F3B28362978643" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="126630190331A33F1318A70C1CA571A7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">D</emphasis>
|
||
); 20
|
||
<normalizedToken id="995FB57B56B7BFBDE433A9E9A3258072" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="F92AE8B69776328400B7D8ECF7D22A1E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">C</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="59EAD95CCFA3F3B5F17D29C8E83C8458" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">E</emphasis>
|
||
); 100
|
||
<normalizedToken id="80BC518C2BEAA1975113C93859FCB464" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="2E883F829907ABE990CFE70921DCC7EF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">F</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E62A3116F1362B6DCCB8F2A574E6053" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<emphasis id="66EB3607161B80932E2A73F4269C62D9" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">Reproductive system</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="4386C8E1D2DAE8DA399C1D2F0A42ECD3" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Paratype LSGB hb 266000 0305 of Kaloplocamus albopunctatus sp. nov., diagram of the reproductive anatomy. Abbreviations: am - ampulla; bc - bursa copulatrix; f - female gland mass; p - prostate; s - receptaculum seminis; u - uterine duct; v - vagina; vd - vas deferens. Scale bar: 1000 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1168.101248.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/869432" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">5</figureCitation>
|
||
) The reproductive system is triaulic. The vas deferens is enlarged in the distal portion and differentiated into an inflated prostate which joins the bursa copulatrix via a thin duct. The vagina is rather narrow, only one-third of the length of the vas deferens, and enters directly to the oval bursa copulatrix. From the bursa copulatrix emerges a short duct that divides into a uterine duct, which connects to the oval female gland mass, and a crooked duct connecting to the receptaculum seminis. The ampulla is short, coiled, and enters into the female gland mass in a relatively distal position. The penis has spines which are elongated and of equal width (Suppl. material 2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="6F6BF7EE43AF8795C6A879517E9D82E1" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1168.101248.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/869432" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
||
<paragraph id="2F12F3101EC8DCCAEB80E58CDDDE9729" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<emphasis id="245B080A1170EB4C745AF1AD9891A4F4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Paratype LSGB hb266000 0305 of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C51355E6980CAFAD2B30DF9987C5117E" authorityName="Wei & Kong" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Kaloplocamus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kaloplocamus albopunctatus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albopunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="341562B3F0C59C321AFDA95BE3C92CC0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">Kaloplocamus albopunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., diagram of the reproductive anatomy. Abbreviations: am - ampulla; bc - bursa copulatrix; f - female gland mass; p - prostate; s - receptaculum seminis; u - uterine duct; v - vagina; vd - vas deferens. Scale bar: 1000
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C22C9C46C06374981E65BD7D4BE31622" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="68099A4553C62BE833A772F13B4375AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<emphasis id="3F1790507D03B3E8D2D1707251095AE4" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">Egg mass</emphasis>
|
||
(Suppl. material 3). The egg mass of this species is flat, belt-like, coiled, and translucent with white eggs within. It is so similar to the egg mass of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6FACDD291F113EA0EA6B38C2C560E83C" lsidName="K. japonicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="japonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FAF6FE78F7917426B9EAAB9A9B5CF6A0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. japonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that DNA was extracted after all the egg masses were photographed and the COI gene was then amplified and sequenced to distinguish the egg masses of these two species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BA5CB903AFF0E6374E05D94DA987A8C2" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="55FA97EB35E046B00A08A8E22F17D0E6" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="14321603ADF260BB724A23160DA781B8" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">
|
||
The specific epithet albopunctatus refers to the white patch on the body of this animal. The Chinese common name for this species is
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CF9FEB0902669C7E1A87FF3DDE1A6933" originalValue="“白斑鬈发海牛.”">"白斑鬈发海牛."</normalizedToken>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D4020A4A6EC6C22CDDC91D3370E805C1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="2E28CA2CF5F03AFE61E42F263DC63522" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="97DC95C1E638B620B20DC9756B0DDA17" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CB2FE7D5E2D67A60DDDC64D05132417" authorityName="Wei & Kong" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Kaloplocamus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kaloplocamus albopunctatus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albopunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2A594BD2AD9FAD5C40E81C640CF279FA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">Kaloplocamus albopunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. shows a bright orange coloration, which is rather common within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E74841E1E83F5524F6F9ED59579A6530" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1880" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Kaloplocamus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kaloplocamus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="289BD7244183A0EF1E392EA981CF78B8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">Kaloplocamus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. There are four other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2531D870BE688F8195ABB7B337231280" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1880" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Kaloplocamus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kaloplocamus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9EB66021D5F68C719A198DBBC478950" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">Kaloplocamus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species that share a similar color pattern:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="648B9372CD58A09B9DF429BAA2053B29" lsidName="K. ramosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="ramosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EB78B7B4938AE0BAF19B648A1677879" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. ramosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C116406279C3300DC8EC37CA00CF1870" lsidName="K. acutus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="acutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6C761BA7B39B9FA148EA1CA74C89253" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. acutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="81728FCC2F7FAEC1FDDCB8DFC7F55C54" lsidName="K. peludo" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="peludo">
|
||
<emphasis id="316272729DF83CCB3B288C56EB9E8E04" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. peludo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="76315E4FD5CDF3E456A5722423CC236B" originalValue="Vallès">Valles</normalizedToken>
|
||
& Gosliner, 2006, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2DCD968197F6C915B2FF14C93DF479C8" lsidName="K. maru" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="maru">
|
||
<emphasis id="D590AD983DE2C8AF050FF71DE22397DC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. maru</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1BE91D0645D762C47A7F62BCA6AA50E3" originalValue="Vallès">Valles</normalizedToken>
|
||
& Gosliner, 2006 (Table
|
||
<tableCitation id="6DD4A8E4810E1803743DEA930B55846E" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. Differences between six Kaloplocamus species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/200DA03D0993E1BC904C723221171AC6" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" tableUuid="200DA03D0993E1BC904C723221171AC6">3</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8ED581DB5EE4132A1553C52DB8E0DCA1" author="Baba, K" journalOrPublisher="Venus (Fukuyama-Shi, Japan)" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" pagination="231 - 243" refId="B2" refString="Baba, K, 1989. Review of the genus Kaloplocamus from Japan (Nudibranchia: Polyceridae s.l.). Venus (Fukuyama-Shi, Japan) 48: 231 - 243" title="Review of the genus Kaloplocamus from Japan (Nudibranchia: Polyceridae s. l.)." volume="48" year="1989">Baba (1989)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described three forms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57B26187B559018398BFD6F86B9E2D67" lsidName="K. ramosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="ramosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="977530A913AB8F38923939D499306DB1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. ramosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Japan: the orange form A shared many similarities with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="08F5C299F043B4919ED5AB907E03026C" lsidName="K. albopunctatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="albopunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="22B65C6E567FF434CAF888897C76F27A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. albopunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., such as the color of appendages and characters of radula.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5ED530B56A49C59D7A4168B1939128CE" author="Baba, K" journalOrPublisher="Venus (Fukuyama-Shi, Japan)" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" pagination="231 - 243" refId="B2" refString="Baba, K, 1989. Review of the genus Kaloplocamus from Japan (Nudibranchia: Polyceridae s.l.). Venus (Fukuyama-Shi, Japan) 48: 231 - 243" title="Review of the genus Kaloplocamus from Japan (Nudibranchia: Polyceridae s. l.)." volume="48" year="1989">Baba (1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 234) described this form as "Sometimes there are a few opaque white spots near the root of the dorso-lateral processes.", which is a major difference that makes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="10FC22BB493BB459DD4C8DA23ADA90A1" lsidName="K. albopunctatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="albopunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DC4C3DFD02B319CDD8AED0E2BB5FA18C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. albopunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BE8090C0DC6442905D0232B8E8C263E4" lsidName="K. ramosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="ramosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="43E2DD1342D3991BC57765F4384A5893" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. ramosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In
|
||
<normalizedToken id="89870916DBF797143C06AFF0A8E25EA1" originalValue="Baba’s">Baba's</normalizedToken>
|
||
drawing of the reproductive system (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0A4AAC48C809BB042C520D2BB9ADACA5" author="Baba, K" journalOrPublisher="Venus (Fukuyama-Shi, Japan)" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" pagination="231 - 243" refId="B2" refString="Baba, K, 1989. Review of the genus Kaloplocamus from Japan (Nudibranchia: Polyceridae s.l.). Venus (Fukuyama-Shi, Japan) 48: 231 - 243" title="Review of the genus Kaloplocamus from Japan (Nudibranchia: Polyceridae s. l.)." volume="48" year="1989">Baba 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 3), the receptaculum seminis (
|
||
<normalizedToken id="68ABC18F5A281916AE95D43B5D6FAD6F" originalValue="“c”">"c"</normalizedToken>
|
||
in
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7678A366E080D60A8F645E376CDE58D8" originalValue="Baba’s">Baba's</normalizedToken>
|
||
drawing) is not connected to the female gland mass (
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C365B78CED9B0AE8EA3689E2591F4822" originalValue="“fg”">"fg"</normalizedToken>
|
||
in
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3139762647893D0ACE79AFB49B3D99CE" originalValue="Baba’s">Baba's</normalizedToken>
|
||
drawing). The receptaculum seminis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FFDC67FEB8E6DF2E608C5FFBF7E7883" lsidName="K. albopunctatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="albopunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="750AD59DCD06D6D4FA60CEC1E88B6384" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. albopunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. is connected to the female gland mass via the uterine duct. However, according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="74817CFDF47E905B0CFC44C61240DE2B" author="Bergh, R" journalOrPublisher=") Verhandlungen der koniglich-kaiserlich Zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" pagination="599 - 652" refId="B5" refString="Bergh, R, 1880. Beitrage zu einer Monographie der Polyceraden, I. In: Adolf H (Ed.) Verhandlungen der koniglich-kaiserlich Zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 29: 599 - 652" title="Beitrage zu einer Monographie der Polyceraden, I. In: Adolf H (Ed." volume="29" year="1880">Bergh (1880)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="64462B93E76DE64CD431B6AAA0BFF074" author="Valles, Y" journalOrPublisher="The Veliger" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" pagination="178 - 205" refId="B45" refString="Valles, Y, Gosliner, TM, 2006. Shedding light onto the genera (Mollusca: Nudibranchia) Kaloplocamus and Plocamopherus with description of new species belonging to these unique bioluminescent dorids. The Veliger 48: 178 - 205" title="Shedding light onto the genera (Mollusca: Nudibranchia) Kaloplocamus and Plocamopherus with description of new species belonging to these unique bioluminescent dorids." volume="48" year="2006">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6EB48DBE3BCBA17D4522E3379E85489F" originalValue="Vallès">Valles</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Gosliner (2006)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, it seems to be a common pattern that the receptaculum seminis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF3786198258F033ADBF0D779BA14E13" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1880" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Kaloplocamus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kaloplocamus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C17ECCA7B552D24342A9B9DD25194A3F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">Kaloplocamus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is connected to the bursa copulatrix and the female gland mass. There are many similarities between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68215D8223EFA30D663207BB5B60C665" authorityName="Wei & Kong" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Kaloplocamus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kaloplocamus albopunctatus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albopunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DD33661C8554D2FE654D2508A2BDFA8C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">Kaloplocamus albopunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5AD4878DD530105B6AC9F8C71F243D88" lsidName="K. ramosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="ramosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5FA350C2EC03EA745F158ACA1F29AA7A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. ramosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, such as having the same number of ramified appendages and the same color of the body, rhinophores, and branchial leaves, which is why
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8E4B506E32854BFE9F79784399ACC8A6" lsidName="K. ramosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="ramosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CE06A7F641A8EAEB11B14ED7F405DC06" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. ramosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had been reported from the Yellow Sea in the past (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="048C3AA853A887760D8E0F1A9E0FAE2D" author="Qi, Z" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" refId="B33" refString="Qi, Z, Lin, G, Zhang, F, Ma, X, 1986. Chinese Animal Atlas-Molluscs (3). Science Press, Beijing" title="Chinese Animal Atlas-Molluscs (3)." year="1986">Qi et al. 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DCDAF19E688C7545D64F3A906418CEA6" author="Qi, Z" journalOrPublisher="Agricultural Publishing House, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" refId="B34" refString="Qi, Z, Ma, X, Wang, Z, Lin, G, Xu, F, Dong, Z, Li, F, Lv, R, 1989. Mollusca of Huanghai and Bohai. Agricultural Publishing House, Beijing" title="Mollusca of Huanghai and Bohai." year="1989">1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0783C39F4D74E10E0B21B4D590891FA3" author="Zhang, S" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" refId="B50" refString="Zhang, S, Zhang, J, Chen, Z, Xu, F, 2016. Mollusks of the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. Science Press, Beijing" title="Mollusks of the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea." year="2016">Zhang et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) despite the type locality of this species being the Mediterranean Sea. However, there are several characters that make
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EA675BF6EB69FDFECE3C3B55D0273743" lsidName="K. albopunctatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="albopunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8F23EED02DFD78BA67EB925821DCE0E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. albopunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A80215DF501ED645DA4280F307BFF21A" lsidName="K. ramosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="ramosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="31DF4F2F6A2136ACA81BC35FA4D62115" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. ramosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Firstly,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="823B9CF4758D49E4D7FE87DA9E3F641D" lsidName="K. ramosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="ramosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="688BD359F6238ECD3CD472128A8C6979" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. ramosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is characterized by having small, translucent, orange tubercles on the dorsum and appendages with orange, elongated secondary ramifications, while the dorsum of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA9E850C57DED556177D803DD7747C79" lsidName="K. albopunctatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="albopunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B2BAEAA2EAD1E8070D683654EB30B21B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. albopunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. is rather smooth and has only short simple ramifications that are cream-colored. Additionally, the vas deferens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D49D36F3046271F01152016F6CF52C39" lsidName="K. albopunctatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="albopunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C526EB347D9B9FDB96FFA0EC2F14D60" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. albopunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. is differentiated into a prostate, but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1FCD271FCF5BF8E85A74B9B31693B76D" lsidName="K. ramosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="ramosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8C530E1977313896D1F52F8D1F60EC0B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. ramosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not have a prostate (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AED387B608A229C529131215C99DCD26" author="Valles, Y" journalOrPublisher="The Veliger" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" pagination="178 - 205" refId="B45" refString="Valles, Y, Gosliner, TM, 2006. Shedding light onto the genera (Mollusca: Nudibranchia) Kaloplocamus and Plocamopherus with description of new species belonging to these unique bioluminescent dorids. The Veliger 48: 178 - 205" title="Shedding light onto the genera (Mollusca: Nudibranchia) Kaloplocamus and Plocamopherus with description of new species belonging to these unique bioluminescent dorids." volume="48" year="2006">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6C1436B94B3B61920945EB8AC1FCF583" originalValue="Vallès">Valles</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Gosliner 2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Moreover, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3C71C85BDA10F731F6A2C036A1979733" lsidName="K. ramosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="ramosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="671D4D6136CB2F598D196F0E8FBC3F46" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. ramosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
reported from the Yellow Sea were described as having "red-orange and white dots on the body, the white dots are usually clustered into a big white patch" (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E5125D97F23CFB3FA689D11C99EB0541" author="Qi, Z" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" refId="B33" refString="Qi, Z, Lin, G, Zhang, F, Ma, X, 1986. Chinese Animal Atlas-Molluscs (3). Science Press, Beijing" title="Chinese Animal Atlas-Molluscs (3)." year="1986">Qi et al. 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 63,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C7AA22F38693222572C3E1F218D0693F" author="Qi, Z" journalOrPublisher="Agricultural Publishing House, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" refId="B34" refString="Qi, Z, Ma, X, Wang, Z, Lin, G, Xu, F, Dong, Z, Li, F, Lv, R, 1989. Mollusca of Huanghai and Bohai. Agricultural Publishing House, Beijing" title="Mollusca of Huanghai and Bohai." year="1989">1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 119) or "there are orange and white dots spread on the body" (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FD79559B3663A1B76CDAEABE7FBEDA25" author="Zhang, S" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" refId="B50" refString="Zhang, S, Zhang, J, Chen, Z, Xu, F, 2016. Mollusks of the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea. Science Press, Beijing" title="Mollusks of the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea." year="2016">Zhang et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 207), which is exactly the character that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D00415BAF86417F5A009BE07C11E73E" lsidName="K. albopunctatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="albopunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="33E5A2810E4D176B5166928BDDC3E86F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. albopunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. has and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B94452BCFCA0ECE4D8838B937EFA94AC" lsidName="K. ramosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="ramosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="47D6F825AD127BCA7E7F86F3952C74F7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. ramosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not. In consequence, we consider that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8E80D7E9DE659E278DBCA17DE6BEFCA4" lsidName="K. ramosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="ramosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="67F1EED5D51A8D14942DAD7B94B9F764" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. ramosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
previously documented from the Yellow Sea is a misidentification of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C3D13FE5946084E951D439C1E926750F" lsidName="K. albopunctatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="albopunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E5B95D197612CC9F2D9A9C77EC5AF51" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. albopunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="200DA03D0993E1BC904C723221171AC6" ID-Table-UUID="200DA03D0993E1BC904C723221171AC6" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/200DA03D0993E1BC904C723221171AC6" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" start="Table 3" startId="T3">
|
||
<paragraph id="1F29265BA0F60E03129270DBCF3996EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<emphasis id="C91ADAF4D0D4D1947127EEDE03AA2571" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">Table 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Differences between six
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9558262B517C4A3025ADE0B190AE41D0" authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1880" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Kaloplocamus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kaloplocamus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="69DC96B822D0C8293073A8E5E71B74DC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">Kaloplocamus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="15EB6E5974BF33842749C5FF9000E4C3" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<table id="463F35EE105CC0FE48140CDE5D42DC0B" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<tr id="598C99F996D2FF90A737A336B63D13FC" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<th id="59C59900A4BF2682F9EB6D47447C8B17" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">Species</th>
|
||
<th id="E48FCCCE499C0707AEB11017C5668DB8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">Velar appendages</th>
|
||
<th id="B14B3E680531F466354C23B7248D9779" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">Prostate</th>
|
||
<th id="A01898574B5E666EFB12AB3C27860313" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="418922056DE54CBA213DF4C2EA64A9D6" class="Jungermanniopsida" family="Radulaceae" genus="Radula" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Radula" order="Porellales" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="genus">Radula</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="3A6DE48BC5804DD8973841C34A2C9CA6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">Coloration</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="FD971B6994BA321CC0D076F6485AA5EA" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<td id="2DCC21672D1BD637AE2FD1CE282524CF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1CA1C142AF1A4192CF8AA46C7C8C06B3" lsidName="K. ramosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="ramosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0D328C95B676257B059BE790071E1EF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. ramosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="0536EA07D817304FCE9FE9EEDF0B6916" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">8</td>
|
||
<td id="2722E03837B7DB1B59F0CAFEE44462B6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
|
||
<td id="60BDF7C683FC2B3C7F6F274BADE46DBA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">
|
||
17
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B06C5ACD3D4A6FF6B30A38BBF42EA59C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
17.6.0.6.17
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="5290C260E3F2F113F408262321A53014" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">Orange-red with translucent orange tubercles</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="1ED6C2988659CCDCAC096EDD29D99039" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<td id="16F39D389FE4C5DAB4FA302818999D85" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9712EBE92F10EC35CD75BC6E91FB1B81" lsidName="K. japonicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="japonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="14798C11E7BE044F368D17A0BE267922" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. japonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="80C3E574609E847684B96FC04EDD1C65" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">8</td>
|
||
<td id="F80DCE969A4CE5A4D8BFE37123AC5532" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">Present</td>
|
||
<td id="5FCCB8E4F841570D7C7A2A52DE14522B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">
|
||
24
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1BD57555CF32BB8315F680D1FF8ACFF1" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
17.3.0.3.17
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="E449CACA3D895BA07C32D24D4BA22DDD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">Translucent with pink dots</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="76157181B567CBFD40E4E48EE39395CF" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<td id="20C97307A5766DA5C7183C3A45DF07C4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="297EFD96A91E9BBFBF4AC5AA34CF35B8" lsidName="K. albopunctatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="albopunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BDE301B0CC308A4BB198DCD539F0EE14" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. albopunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="AD2EE754F7D56F583BBD226C31B38071" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">8</td>
|
||
<td id="1C578AC004932BC7950AB68510DD99C7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">Present</td>
|
||
<td id="14D8C0FA257C3B6FB320BA04C4D2BBB1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">
|
||
15
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B117C8834BE4E2F93038DADE05F70CC3" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
13.3.0.3.13
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="69FAA068274983C1449C612B24C2F3E9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">Bright orange with red and white dots</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="961AB734BE8FD9BB968933EB77209268" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<td id="525E806331B372F39269D6FF26FA69D4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DC1DF29642CFE816B58D874EA164DC8" lsidName="K. acutus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="acutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="880D63B7325AA50869CA3D29AA5B4E9A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. acutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="4F44CC2744D75E614A55589C61B955CF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">6</td>
|
||
<td id="31E3C832D28602A1817ABEED138C96E3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
|
||
<td id="F1D03CDB2E1BC3241349C0DC1A3DFD32" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">
|
||
16
|
||
<normalizedToken id="73EBC3BBAFA9B4EADADC4821F9EDE68D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
11.3.0.3.11
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="674583E8DB05E09288E03CD9F99D0323" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">Orange-red with white dots</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="0A23E9335B7597E8AE861DE3D3DCED45" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<td id="84457F61C7FF511004FFD416819D6634" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="695063C5394C98B28CB7A2BE478366B3" lsidName="K. peludo" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="peludo">
|
||
<emphasis id="27F611A68EE31B450F3A36CEB16C79B8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. peludo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="6EE5C819C2439CF53380D95036164B7C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">6</td>
|
||
<td id="9FD151F0D37BD9D2B3E0356E658BFDA0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">Present</td>
|
||
<td id="6D41F650AC79E2715A5722CC9141D18C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">
|
||
11
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9EDC32ACC1A0087FDD52DB5EF26086D8" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
8.3.0.3.8
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="E69F5F0D6E720A59BB8CA5081271DAE3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">Orange with brown dots</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D2E95E01938D23D3C995ACFBB672B7D6" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<td id="994517F69C19D9F126C117BBF7E50ABB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="920E9D7CD7582A9F97472A9A8C1CA5DA" lsidName="K. maru" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="maru">
|
||
<emphasis id="654627C7F0974894207FF1B47AAE7477" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. maru</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="19F56F0FD4DFF828341069A05907DF1A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">4</td>
|
||
<td id="669F9CDCBE4A7B9060FD438E5C8571FD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
|
||
<td id="93E1AFF4F2C7E4D435838812A7331108" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">
|
||
68
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E59CFBD52C0CD091EF7BB340489B0B7E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
7.2.0.2.7
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="C889D14ED50D6F044F512D4422E768E2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rowspan="1">Orange with a white diamond-shaped spot</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B7CAB9D0FE4472ED1FE9AA3CDB00ED65" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5C1D99BB5DD02DF479D38B8BF8DA28C9" authorityName="Wei & Kong" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Kaloplocamus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kaloplocamus albopunctatus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albopunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5DBFA3ED1AC76436D1006D9927165D37" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">Kaloplocamus albopunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1A7101D2AA8B264342934DE71789F93C" lsidName="K. acutus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="acutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B43231745CCAE59A6201C4E27EFD85FB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. acutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the presence of the prostate and in not having bright, carmine-red ramifications and white dots on the entire dorsum. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8D8933283DD59805722B78157EDD5AA9" author="Baba, K" journalOrPublisher="Venus (Fukuyama-Shi, Japan)" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" pagination="231 - 243" refId="B2" refString="Baba, K, 1989. Review of the genus Kaloplocamus from Japan (Nudibranchia: Polyceridae s.l.). Venus (Fukuyama-Shi, Japan) 48: 231 - 243" title="Review of the genus Kaloplocamus from Japan (Nudibranchia: Polyceridae s. l.)." volume="48" year="1989">Baba (1989)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F6C1DA8C6B50636CBD009D8BF873329C" lsidName="K. acutus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="acutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3536E256877AA52C55DD878702C8C0C0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. acutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has two lateral teeth, while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0F8290A727CC090BF43C230FDD9B1713" lsidName="K. albopunctatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="albopunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="49F4906BA93ACF95832E0A4CE2E9DD00" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. albopunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. has three lateral teeth. Additionally,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="83D1C50B5DDBBE5E3373B412B557DD8D" lsidName="K. acutus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="acutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="501CA1774CCC0D62F7BC87F025F95699" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. acutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has six velar appendages while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C1ACADEC9D31F06AF7D44C90C05E9534" lsidName="K. albopunctatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="albopunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0C6514BA6E0E7F5C7D5E95459A4E5B8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. albopunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. has eight velar appendages on the head.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8B611017DC97E67F42DCD3BF103967B6" authorityName="Valles & Gosliner" authorityYear="2006" class="Gastropoda" family="Polyceridae" genus="Kaloplocamus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kaloplocamus peludo" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="peludo">
|
||
<emphasis id="6366E95FC01B51B22D36B6D24223EFBE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">Kaloplocamus peludo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has an opaque white, irregularly shaped line and brown dots on the dorsum and bears two types of appendages. Conversely,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="068E3B606271C0F75EEF2D9B2E648225" lsidName="K. albopunctatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="albopunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DF8BA8FB3E6AD682FA641191AE25FDE3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. albopunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. does not have these morphological characters and the appendages are uniform rather than differentiated into two types. Finally,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D01C2815BA4900FAF8F47D7BA08116DF" lsidName="K. albopunctatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="albopunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3393AE6D9B433550C30BBDD787B72CD6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. albopunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95343570375D19420EEE19A3C97CF868" lsidName="K. maru" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="maru">
|
||
<emphasis id="F06B613E46F3E2923950BE58A232155D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. maru</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the vas deferens that is differentiated into a prostate and the absence of the white diamond-shaped spot on the dorsum. Another feature that distinguishes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B13D090B842387D93396AFD6A7B94D53" lsidName="K. albopunctatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="albopunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A45DD5D38E7F3C54033008CC522ADFE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. albopunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="50D60F4DBED8F8DDA6F51AE5F03ADD20" lsidName="K. maru" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="maru">
|
||
<emphasis id="0E54DF566CF8F3F332E599FD742FA599" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. maru</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="99CD1CE3A307F243C3FE694706CF761F" lsidName="K. maru" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="maru">
|
||
<emphasis id="CD85B184CDB22132E122169CF40BB711" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. maru</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a long ribbon of teeth with 68 rows of teeth on it, which clearly differs from the ribbon of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="581BB12C40148895432894A65337EC53" lsidName="K. albopunctatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="107" rank="species" species="albopunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2C399A400BA09328C08C58120C5875E6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="107">K. albopunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. that only has 24 rows of teeth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |