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<document id="376F43705DBA9606F905DEB3EF946A13" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5484.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13208985" ID-ZooBank="E7473BE4-5C6B-4D08-90CD-DCE99BD35BB9" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1722785721163" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Miranda, Gil F. G., Soares, Matheus M. M. &amp; Thompson, Christian" docDate="2024" docId="F814866ED57FE71B33C2496BFE29FCBC" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5484.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5484 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5484.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.19:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="19" docTitle="Orthonevra Macquart 1829" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="042DFE16D57AE71D33554F47FFD4FF85" masterDocTitle="The Neotropical Orthonevra Macquart, 1829 (Diptera: Syrphidae)" masterLastPageNumber="78" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1723148386458" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="6B355F831BBD4EF681E982B057A6FFA0">The Neotropical Orthonevra Macquart, 1829 (Diptera: Syrphidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B5C1164E95F8B76FA40CBFEC400B674D">Miranda, Gil F. G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="105A79819CC59F28CC479E7519F9AC68">National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON, K 1 A 0 C 6, Canada / Forrest Lab, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Gendron Hall, room 350, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, K 1 N 6 N 5, Canada. gilfgm @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7919 - 2639</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="99BC5A4E392E358A2238E23CF239FD8A">Soares, Matheus M. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BD1568084330FD6F7ABF71EE005FD442">Laboratório de Sistemática de Diptera, Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Avenida André Araújo, 2936, Bairro Petrópolis, Manaus, AM, 69.067 - 375, Brazil. matheusmmsoares @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2355 - 1441 In memoriam * Corresponding author</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="38A764F3D57FE71833C2496BFD9DF9C3" box="[151,585,1579,1606]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="70023778D57FE71833C2496BFD9DF9C3" blockId="5.[151,585,1579,1606]" box="[151,585,1579,1606]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="42C9EB6AD57FE71833C2496BFD9DF9C3" bold="true" box="[151,585,1579,1606]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="B7BD4CFBD57FE71833BB496CFD9DF9C3" ID-CoL="63H6W" ID-ENA="1473723" authority="Macquart, 1829" authorityName="Macquart" authorityYear="1829" box="[238,585,1579,1606]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Orthonevra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="42C9EB6AD57FE71833BB496CFEAEF9C3" bold="true" box="[238,378,1579,1606]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Orthonevra</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="142C4A89D57FE71832D7496BFD9DF9C3" author="Macquart, P. J. M." box="[386,585,1580,1606]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="149 - 371" refId="ref52170" refString="Macquart, P. J. M. (1829) Insectes dipteres du nord de la France. Syrphies. Memoires de la Societe Royal des sciences, de l'agriculture et des arts de Lille, 1827 / 1828, 149 - 371. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 148911" type="journal article" year="1829">Macquart, 1829</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="38A764F3D57FE71833C24937FE62F8C4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="70023778D57FE71833C24937FD13F922" blockId="5.[151,1436,1648,1857]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="B7BD4CFBD57FE71833C24937FE37F90C" authority="Macquart 1829: 188" authorityName="Macquart" authorityPageNumber="188" authorityYear="1829" box="[151,483,1648,1673]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Orthonevra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="42C9EB6AD57FE71833C24937FED9F90D" box="[151,269,1648,1672]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Orthonevra</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="142C4A89D57FE71832414936FE37F90C" author="Macquart, P. J. M." box="[276,483,1649,1673]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="149 - 371" refId="ref52170" refString="Macquart, P. J. M. (1829) Insectes dipteres du nord de la France. Syrphies. Memoires de la Societe Royal des sciences, de l'agriculture et des arts de Lille, 1827 / 1828, 149 - 371. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 148911" type="journal article" year="1829">Macquart 1829: 188</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(40). Type-species,
<taxonomicName id="B7BD4CFBD57FE71831E74937FC36F90D" authority="Meigen" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1822" box="[690,994,1648,1672]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Chrysogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="42C9EB6AD57FE71831E74937FC5AF90D" box="[690,910,1648,1672]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Chrysogaster elegans</emphasis>
Meigen
</taxonomicName>
(monotypy). Refs.
<bibRefCitation id="142C4A89D57FE71837FF4937FAE1F90D" author="Sedman, Y. S." box="[1194,1333,1648,1672]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="169 - 176" refId="ref52740" refString="Sedman, Y. S. (1964) Chrysogaster (Orthonevra) bellula group in North America. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 66, 169 - 176." type="journal article" year="1964">Sedman 1964</bibRefCitation>
(revision, keys), 1966a (revision, keys), b (female genitalia).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70023778D57FE71833C249E9FE52F960" blockId="5.[151,1436,1648,1857]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<bibRefCitation id="142C4A89D57FE71833C249E9FE75F943" author="Thompson, F. C." box="[151,417,1710,1734]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="73 - 215" refId="ref53135" refString="Thompson, F. C. (1972) A contribution to a generic revision of the Neotropical Milesiinae (Diptera: Syrphidae). Arquivos de Zoologia, 23, 73 - 215." type="journal article" year="1972">Thompson 1972: 119121</bibRefCitation>
(redescription and taxonomic history);
<bibRefCitation id="142C4A89D57FE718307A49E9FB8DF943" author="Thompson, F. C. &amp; Vockeroth, J. R. &amp; Sedman, Y. S." box="[815,1113,1710,1734]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 195" refId="ref53289" refString="Thompson, F. C., Vockeroth, J. R. &amp; Sedman, Y. S. (1976) Family Syrphidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas south of the United States. Edanee, Sao Paulo, pp. 1 - 195. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 49898" type="book chapter" year="1976">
Thompson
<emphasis id="42C9EB6AD57FE71830F449E8FC00F943" box="[929,980,1710,1734]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
1976: 9091
</bibRefCitation>
(catalog);
<bibRefCitation id="142C4A89D57FE718379049E9FA48F943" author="Thompson, F. C." box="[1221,1436,1710,1734]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 200" refId="ref53170" refString="Thompson, F. C. (1981) The flower flies of the West Indies (Diptera: Syrphidae. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Washington, 9, 1 - 200." type="journal article" year="1981">Thompson 1981: 141</bibRefCitation>
(taxonomic notes).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70023778D57FE71833C249ACFCBFF886" blockId="5.[151,1436,1648,1857]" box="[151,875,1771,1795]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="B7BD4CFBD57FE71833C249ACFEDBF886" box="[151,271,1771,1795]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Orthoneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="42C9EB6AD57FE71833C249ACFEDBF886" box="[151,271,1771,1795]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Orthoneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
authors (misspelling).
<bibRefCitation id="142C4A89D57FE71832AD49ACFD03F886" author="Thompson, F. C. &amp; Vockeroth, J. R. &amp; Sedman, Y. S." box="[504,727,1771,1795]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 195" refId="ref53289" refString="Thompson, F. C., Vockeroth, J. R. &amp; Sedman, Y. S. (1976) Family Syrphidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas south of the United States. Edanee, Sao Paulo, pp. 1 - 195. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 49898" type="book chapter" year="1976">
Thompson
<emphasis id="42C9EB6AD57FE718313E49ABFD4AF886" box="[619,670,1771,1795]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
1976
</bibRefCitation>
(emendation).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70023778D57FE71833C2484DFB49F8A7" blockId="5.[151,1436,1648,1857]" box="[151,1181,1802,1826]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="B7BD4CFBD57FE71833C2484DFE15F8A7" authority="Bigot 1859: 308" authorityName="Bigot" authorityPageNumber="308" authorityYear="1859" box="[151,449,1802,1826]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Cryptineura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="42C9EB6AD57FE71833C2484DFEC7F8A4" box="[151,275,1802,1825]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Cryptineura</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="142C4A89D57FE718324C484DFE15F8A7" author="Bigot, J. M. F." box="[281,449,1802,1826]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="305 - 315" refId="ref51559" refString="Bigot, J. M. F. (1859) Dipterorum aliquot nova genera. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie Pure et Appliquee, 2 (11), 305 - 315." type="journal article" year="1859">Bigot 1859: 308</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Type-species,
<taxonomicName id="B7BD4CFBD57FE718310E484DFC96F8A7" authority="Bigot" authorityName="Bigot" authorityYear="1859" box="[603,834,1802,1826]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Cryptineura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hieroglyphica">
<emphasis id="42C9EB6AD57FE718310E484DFCD0F8A7" box="[603,772,1802,1826]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. hieroglyphica</emphasis>
Bigot
</taxonomicName>
(monotypy) =
<taxonomicName id="B7BD4CFBD57FE7183089484DFB49F8A7" authority="Wiedemann." authorityName="Wiedemann." box="[988,1181,1802,1826]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Orthonevra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitida">
<emphasis id="42C9EB6AD57FE7183089484DFBC3F8A7" box="[988,1047,1802,1826]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">nitida</emphasis>
Wiedemann.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70023778D57FE71833C2486FFE62F8C4" blockId="5.[151,1436,1648,1857]" box="[151,438,1832,1857]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="B7BD4CFBD57FE71833C2486FFEF4F8C5" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1803" box="[151,288,1832,1856]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Chrysogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="42C9EB6AD57FE71833C2486FFEF4F8C5" box="[151,288,1832,1856]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Chrysogaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
authors (part).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="38A764F3D57FE71B33C24829FB51FE70" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="70023778D57FE71B33C24829FB51FE70" blockId="5.[151,1436,1902,2037]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,151,825]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="42C9EB6AD57FE71833C24829FE4FF80D" bold="true" box="[151,411,1902,1928]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Differential diagnosis</emphasis>
: Face and frontal triangle/frons rugose/regulose, frons with medial longitudinal sulcus; antennae slightly elongate, postpedicel and pedicel elongated [pedicel short in
<taxonomicName id="B7BD4CFBD57FE718376348D4FA96F828" authority="Thompson" authorityName="Thompson" authorityYear="1999" box="[1078,1346,1939,1965]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Orthonevra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chilensis">
<emphasis id="42C9EB6AD57FE718376348D4FB6BF828" box="[1078,1215,1939,1965]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">O. chilensis</emphasis>
Thompson
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="B7BD4CFBD57FE71836D448D4FDFBF854" authority="(Shannon &amp; Aubertin)" baseAuthorityName="Shannon &amp; Aubertin" baseAuthorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Orthonevra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadristriata">
<emphasis id="42C9EB6AD57FE71836D448D4FEFFF854" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">O. quadristriata</emphasis>
(Shannon &amp; Aubertin)
</taxonomicName>
] and without setae; lunule smooth; eyes often with complex markings; occiput inconspicuous dorsally in lateral view; body with metallic reflections; scutum with matte dark vittae; scutellum without subscutellar fringe, with protuberances (except for
<taxonomicName id="B7BD4CFBD57CE71B30644FD0FC61FF34" authorityName="Thompson" authorityYear="1999" box="[817,949,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Orthonevra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chilensis">
<emphasis id="42C9EB6AD57CE71B30644FD0FC61FF34" box="[817,949,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">O. chilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) on most of its surface from where the pile arises; wing often with dark markings; vein M1 forming a right or obtuse angle (i.e. recessive in
<taxonomicName id="B7BD4CFBD57CE71B379D4FFCFA98FF50" authorityName="Thompson" authorityYear="1999" box="[1224,1356,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Orthonevra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chilensis">
<emphasis id="42C9EB6AD57CE71B379D4FFCFA98FF50" box="[1224,1356,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">O. chilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="B7BD4CFBD57CE71B36D44FFCFEFFFF7C" baseAuthorityName="Shannon &amp; Aubertin" baseAuthorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Orthonevra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadristriata">
<emphasis id="42C9EB6AD57CE71B36D44FFCFEFFFF7C" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">O. quadristriata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) with vein R4+5; alula wholly microtrichose; abdomen mostly dark matte medially and metallic shiny laterally. Male genitalia: subepandrial sclerite as two rectangular plates (arms), which might widen or narrow towards apex, and are only narrowly connected at the base (forming a V-shape); postgonites merged into the hypandrium; phallapodeme fused to base of phallic complex, dorsal to the basal tubular process; phallus complex, with a variable apical process (usually hook or beak-like, hypothesized here to anchor inside the genital chamber of the female), pilose at least medio-dorsally, and with a basal tubular process (where the ejaculatory apodeme connects dorsally), originating between the base of the phallus and the fused apex of the phallapodeme, which bears the phallotrema on its apex. Female genitalia: sternum 8 large and wide; sternum 9 usually as a distinct plate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="38A764F3D57CE71B33924EB9FE29FCBC" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="70023778D57CE71B33924EB9FE29FCBC" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,825]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="42C9EB6AD57CE71B33924EB9FE9CFD9D" bold="true" box="[199,328,510,536]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Comments</emphasis>
. The species
<taxonomicName id="B7BD4CFBD57CE71B32B14EB8FCEBFD9C" authority="(Williston)" baseAuthorityName="Williston" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[484,831,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Orthonevra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bellula">
<emphasis id="42C9EB6AD57CE71B32B14EB8FD68FD9C" box="[484,700,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Orthonevra bellula</emphasis>
(Williston)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="B7BD4CFBD57CE71B30224EB8FC0FFD9C" box="[887,987,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Orthonevra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitida">
<emphasis id="42C9EB6AD57CE71B30224EB8FC0FFD9C" box="[887,987,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">O. nitida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were not confirmed as occurring in the Neotropical region (also see
<bibRefCitation id="142C4A89D57CE71B32884D64FDAFFDB8" author="Sedman, Y. S." box="[477,635,547,573]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="169 - 176" refId="ref52740" refString="Sedman, Y. S. (1964) Chrysogaster (Orthonevra) bellula group in North America. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 66, 169 - 176." type="journal article" year="1964">Sedman 1964</bibRefCitation>
), but are added to the key in case they occur in the border between the Nearctic and Neotropical areas of
<collectingCountry id="08AA77E8D57CE71B314C4D00FDBBFDE4" box="[537,623,583,609]" name="Mexico" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Mexico</collectingCountry>
and to highlight the differences between those species and the currently known species with Neotropical distribution. We found Neotropical specimens that agree with
<taxonomicName id="B7BD4CFBD57CE71B37E34D2CFA4CFD00" authority="(Curran)" baseAuthorityName="Curran" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[1206,1432,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Orthonevra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidula">
<emphasis id="42C9EB6AD57CE71B37E34D2CFAFAFD00" box="[1206,1326,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">O. nitidula</emphasis>
(Curran)
</taxonomicName>
, a mainly Nearctic species, and hereby extend its records to that region (see species distribution and
<figureCitation id="E8862BFDD57CE71B366D4DC8FA5BFD2C" box="[1336,1423,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 41" captionStartId="72.[151,250,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,561,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-160@72.[151,1435,561,1591]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURE 41. Distribution map for Orthonevra flukei (sedman, 1964), O. gli sp. nov., O. hypnotica sp. nov., O. nitidula (Curran, 1925), and O. sternolobosa sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13209089" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13209089/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="142C4A89D57CE71B33C24DF4FEB5FD48" author="Thompson, F. C." box="[151,353,691,717]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref53258" refString="Thompson, F. C. (2006) Primer Taller de Identificacion. Syrphidae de Neotropico. Universidad del Valle, Cali, Valle del Cauca, 618 pp." type="book" year="2006">Thompson (2006)</bibRefCitation>
also lists a morphospecies 79-3 from
<collectingCountry id="08AA77E8D57CE71B304A4DF4FCA8FD48" box="[799,892,691,717]" name="Ecuador" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
which has an immaculate wing according to his key in that work; unfortunately, we couldnt find any specimens with that description, neither among material under Thompsons care at the
<collectionCode id="16ACAFBDD57CE71B32E44DBCFDD2FC90" box="[433,518,763,789]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
. However, all the other morpho-species previously delimited by Thompson are represented in the current work.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>