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<document id="4C54AACA674808CDF9FC1E08CFEC96F4" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4751.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6d5c6a73-5675-46cf-98a4-ece6ddc8e121" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3712951" ID-ZooBank="7692DE47-FE0C-47CA-BF74-10302592AC5F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1584453387776" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Eiseman, Charles S. &amp; Davis, Donald R." docDate="2020" docId="B05A87DFA934FF9907CEF976CBC7F84C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4751.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4751 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Phyllonorycter incanella" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="218" masterDocId="4C63FFA7A924FF880759FF94C879FFFA" masterDocTitle="Wrong side of the leaf: assigning some Lithocolletinae species (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) to their proper genera" masterLastPageNumber="237" masterPageNumber="201" pageNumber="217" updateTime="1698729180572" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="681FE63248FCAFA1E0E3447A8038C072">Wrong side of the leaf: assigning some Lithocolletinae species (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) to their proper genera</mods:title>
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<treatment id="B05A87DFA934FF9907CEF976CBC7F84C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3718123" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162628725" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3718123" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B05A87DFA934FF9907CEF976CBC7F84C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B05A87DFA934FF9907CEF976CBC7F84C" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="218" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
<subSubSection id="70E96542A934FF9807CEF976CABAF906" box="[151,707,1762,1789]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="384C36C9A934FF9807CEF976CABAF906" blockId="16.[151,740,1762,1921]" box="[151,707,1762,1789]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
<heading id="630481A5A934FF9807CEF976CABAF906" bold="true" box="[151,707,1762,1789]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA934FF9807CEF976CABAF906" ID-CoL="4H89H" authority="(Walsingham, 1889)" baseAuthorityName="Walsingham" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[151,707,1762,1789]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incanella">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA934FF9807CEF976CABAF906" bold="true" box="[151,707,1762,1789]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA934FF9807CEF976C9BBF907" bold="true" box="[151,450,1762,1789]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Phyllonorycter incanella</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5C624B38A934FF980688F976CAC3F906" author="Walsingham, Lord &amp; de Grey, T." box="[465,698,1762,1788]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" pagination="77 - 81" refId="ref15496" refString="Walsingham, Lord (de Grey, T.) (1889) Steps towards a revision of Chambers' Index, with notes and descriptions of new species. Insect Life, 2, 77 - 81." type="journal article" year="1889">Walsingham, 1889</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="70E96542A934FF9807CEF892C957F8DA" box="[151,302,1798,1824]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" type="description">
<paragraph id="384C36C9A934FF9807CEF892C957F8DA" blockId="16.[151,740,1762,1921]" box="[151,302,1798,1824]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
(
<figureCitation id="A0C82A4CA934FF9807C6F892C95FF8DA" box="[159,294,1798,1824]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–39" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1839,1864]" captionTargetBox="[160,1423,200,1814]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1435,181,1814]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 38–39. Syntypes of Phyllonorycter incanella, reared by Walsingham from underside mines on Alnus incana (photos: David Lees, © 2019 Trustees of NHMUK). 38: BMNH(E) 1413971; 39: BMNH(E) 1413982." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3712981" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3712981/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Figs. 38–39</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="70E96542A934FF9807CEF8DECBBCF833" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="384C36C9A934FF9807CEF8DECA9DF87B" blockId="16.[151,740,1762,1921]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="18E311E7A934FF9807CEF8DECA9DF87B" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
<treatmentCitation id="B95210D8A934FF9807CEF8DECA18F899" author="Walsingham, Lord &amp; de Grey, T." box="[151,609,1866,1891]" page="81" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" year="1889">
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA934FF9807CEF8DECA18F899" authority="Walsingham 1889: 81" authorityName="Walsingham" authorityPageNumber="81" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,609,1866,1891]" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Lithocolletis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incanella">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA934FF9807CEF8DEC903F898" box="[151,378,1866,1890]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Lithocolletis incanella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5C624B38A934FF9806D9F8DECA18F899" author="Walsingham, Lord &amp; de Grey, T." box="[384,609,1866,1891]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" pagination="77 - 81" refId="ref15496" refString="Walsingham, Lord (de Grey, T.) (1889) Steps towards a revision of Chambers' Index, with notes and descriptions of new species. Insect Life, 2, 77 - 81." type="journal article" year="1889">Walsingham 1889: 81</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA934FF9807CEF8FDCA50F87B" ID-CoL="4H89H" authority="(Walsingham)" baseAuthorityName="Walsingham" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[151,553,1896,1921]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incanella">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA934FF9807CEF8FDC9EAF87B" box="[151,403,1897,1921]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Phyllonorycter incanella</emphasis>
(Walsingham)
</taxonomicName>
—
<treatmentCitation id="B95210D8A934FF98051AF8FCCA99F87B" author="Davis, D. R." box="[579,736,1896,1921]" page="10" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" year="1983">
<bibRefCitation id="5C624B38A934FF98051AF8FCCA99F87B" author="Davis, D. R." box="[579,736,1896,1921]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" pagination="9 - 11" refId="ref13365" refString="Davis, D. R. (1983) Gracillariidae. In: Hodges, R. W., Dominick, T., Davis, D. R., Ferguson, D. C., Franclemont, J. G., Munroe, E. G. &amp; Powell, J. A. (Eds.), Check List of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico. E. W. Classey Ltd. and The Wedge Entomological Research Foundation, London, pp. 9 - 11." type="book chapter" year="1983">Davis 1983: 10</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="384C36C9A934FF9807CEF83BCBBCF833" blockId="16.[151,1137,1967,2030]" box="[151,965,1967,1994]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA934FF9807CEF83BC96EF830" bold="true" box="[151,279,1967,1994]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Leaf mine.</emphasis>
On the upper or (apparently infrequently) lower leaf surface.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="70E96542A934FF98079EF840CC08F814" box="[199,1137,2003,2030]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="384C36C9A934FF98079EF840CC08F814" blockId="16.[151,1137,1967,2030]" box="[199,1137,2003,2030]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA934FF98079EF840C968F814" bold="true" box="[199,273,2004,2030]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Hosts.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA934FF980641F847C9EEF817" authorityName="S.F.Gray" authorityYear="1822" box="[280,407,2003,2029]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Betulaceae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA934FF9806FBF840CA4DF817" box="[418,564,2004,2030]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="incana">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA934FF9806FBF840CA4DF817" box="[418,564,2004,2030]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Alnus incana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) Moench,
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA934FF98058EF840CBC5F814" authority="Nutt." authorityName="Nutt." box="[727,956,2004,2030]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rhombifolia">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA934FF98058EF840CB03F814" box="[727,890,2004,2030]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">A. rhombifolia</emphasis>
Nutt.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA934FF98049EF840CC08F814" authority="Bong." authorityName="Bong." box="[967,1137,2004,2030]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Ulmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubra">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA934FF98049EF840CC5FF814" box="[967,1062,2004,2030]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">A. rubra</emphasis>
Bong.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="6C8C6641A935FF9907CEFA15CCDCFA44" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3712979" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3712979" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3712979/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" startId="17.[151,264,1409,1434]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1384]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="384C36C9A935FF9907CEFA15CCDCFA44" blockId="17.[151,1437,1409,1470]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA935FF9907CEFA15C92CFA60" bold="true" box="[151,341,1409,1434]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">FIGURES 35–37.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA935FF990602FA16CA2FFA60" baseAuthorityName="Braun" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[347,598,1410,1434]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holodisci">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA935FF990602FA16CA2FFA60" box="[347,598,1410,1434]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">Phyllonorycter holodisci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA935FF99053AFA15CAFCFA60" bold="true" box="[611,645,1409,1434]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">35:</emphasis>
Flat, aborted, upper-surface leaf mine on
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA935FF990369FA16CC82FA60" box="[1072,1275,1410,1434]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Holodiscus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="discolor">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA935FF990369FA16CC82FA60" box="[1072,1275,1410,1434]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">Holodiscus discolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA935FF990250FA15CD52FA60" bold="true" box="[1289,1323,1409,1434]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">36:</emphasis>
Tentiform, more advanced mine;
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA935FF990621FA31C9E0FA44" bold="true" box="[376,409,1445,1470]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">37:</emphasis>
Holotype, reared by A.F. Braun (photo: J.D. Weintraub/ANSP Entomology).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="70E96542A935FF99079EFA7FCA77F894" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="384C36C9A935FF99079EFA7FCADCF9FC" blockId="17.[151,1437,1515,1975]" box="[199,677,1515,1542]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA935FF99079EFA7FC918F9FC" bold="true" box="[199,353,1515,1542]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="40E47659A935FF99063EFA78C9C6F9FC" box="[359,447,1516,1542]" name="Canada" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">Canada</collectingCountry>
: BC;
<collectingCountry id="40E47659A935FF9906A7FA78CA43F9FC" box="[510,570,1516,1542]" name="United States of America" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">USA</collectingCountry>
: AZ, CA.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="384C36C9A935FF99079EF99BCA77F894" blockId="17.[151,1437,1515,1975]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA935FF99079EF99BC95DF9D0" bold="true" box="[199,292,1551,1578]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">Review.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5C624B38A935FF990672F984CA70F9D0" author="Walsingham, Lord &amp; de Grey, T." box="[299,521,1552,1578]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" pagination="77 - 81" refId="ref15496" refString="Walsingham, Lord (de Grey, T.) (1889) Steps towards a revision of Chambers' Index, with notes and descriptions of new species. Insect Life, 2, 77 - 81." type="journal article" year="1889">Walsingham (1889)</bibRefCitation>
described this species from specimens reared from underside mines on
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA935FF99026FF984C8B4F9B4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="incana">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA935FF99026FF984C8B4F9B4" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">Alnus incana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
collected in Colusa Co.,
<collectingRegion id="FA37F82BA935FF9906BFF9A0CA21F9B4" box="[486,600,1588,1614]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">California</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="A0C82A4CA935FF99053FF9A0CA96F9B4" box="[614,751,1588,1614]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–39" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1839,1864]" captionTargetBox="[160,1423,200,1814]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1435,181,1814]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 38–39. Syntypes of Phyllonorycter incanella, reared by Walsingham from underside mines on Alnus incana (photos: David Lees, © 2019 Trustees of NHMUK). 38: BMNH(E) 1413971; 39: BMNH(E) 1413982." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3712981" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3712981/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">Figs. 38–39</figureCitation>
), along with caught specimens from Shasta Co.
<bibRefCitation id="5C624B38A935FF99025EF9A1CDE5F9B4" author="Braun, A. F." box="[1287,1436,1588,1615]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" pagination="269 - 357" refId="ref12540" refString="Braun, A. F. (1908) Revision of the North American species of the genus Lithocolletis Hubner. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 34, 269 - 357. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 17825" type="journal article" year="1908">Braun (1908)</bibRefCitation>
reared a large series from
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA935FF9906E7F9CCCAC0F988" authority="in Alameda Co." authorityName="in Alameda Co." box="[446,697,1624,1650]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA935FF9906E7F9CCC987F988" box="[446,510,1624,1650]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">Alnus</emphasis>
in Alameda Co.
</taxonomicName>
, “where the mines are very common on the upperside of the leaf, but appear very rarely on the lower side.”
<bibRefCitation id="5C624B38A935FF990521F9E8CB52F96C" author="Deschka, G." box="[632,811,1660,1686]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" pagination="243 - 270" refId="ref13756" refString="Deschka, G. (1982) Nearktische Phyllonorycter Huebner, 1822 (Lepidoptera, Lithocolletidae). Entomofauna, 3 (17), 243 - 270." type="journal article" year="1982">Deschka (1982)</bibRefCitation>
found only upper-surface mines on
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA935FF990391F9E8CD15F96C" box="[1224,1388,1660,1686]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rhombifolia">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA935FF990391F9E8CD15F96C" box="[1224,1388,1660,1686]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">A. rhombifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA935FF9907CEF934C8AEF940" box="[151,215,1696,1722]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA935FF9907CEF934C8AEF940" box="[151,215,1696,1722]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">Alnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. in San Bernardino Co. and Kings Canyon,
<collectingRegion id="FA37F82BA935FF9905ACF934CB10F940" box="[757,873,1696,1722]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">California</collectingRegion>
, and in the Santa Catalina Mountains in
<collectingRegion id="FA37F82BA935FF990262F934CDE0F940" box="[1339,1433,1696,1722]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">Arizona</collectingRegion>
.
<bibRefCitation id="5C624B38A935FF9907CEF951C944F924" author="Brower, A. E." box="[151,317,1732,1759]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" pagination="1 - 70" refId="ref12798" refString="Brower, A. E. (1984) A list of the Lepidoptera of Maine. Part 2: The Microlepidoptera Section 2 Cosmopterigidae through Hepialidae. Maine Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin, 114, 1 - 70." type="journal article" year="1984">Brower (1984)</bibRefCitation>
reported specimens reared from oak and
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA935FF990448F950CB28F924" box="[785,849,1732,1758]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA935FF990448F950CB28F924" box="[785,849,1732,1758]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">Alnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingRegion id="FA37F82BA935FF99042CF950CBB9F924" box="[885,960,1732,1758]" country="United States of America" name="Maine" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">Maine</collectingRegion>
; these records require confirmation.
<bibRefCitation id="5C624B38A935FF990205F950C959F8F8" author="Gates, M. W. &amp; Heraty, J. M. &amp; Schauff, M. E. &amp; Wagner, D. L. &amp; Whitfield, J. B. &amp; Wahl, D. B." pageId="17" pageNumber="218" pagination="213 - 270" refId="ref14129" refString="Gates, M. W., Heraty, J. M., Schauff, M. E., Wagner, D. L., Whitfield, J. B. &amp; Wahl, D. B. (2002) Survey of the parasitic Hymenoptera on leafminers in California. Journal of Hymenoptera Research, 11 (2), 213 - 270." type="journal article" year="2002">
Gates
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA935FF9907CEF97DC8B1F8F8" box="[151,200,1768,1794]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">et al</emphasis>
. (2002)
</bibRefCitation>
reported “
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA935FF9906CCF97CCA86F8F9" authority="(Walsm.)" baseAuthorityName="Walsm." box="[405,767,1768,1795]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incana">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA935FF9906CCF97CCAE9F8F8" box="[405,656,1768,1794]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">Phyllonorycter incana</emphasis>
(Walsm.)
</taxonomicName>
” from upper-surface blotch mines on
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA935FF9903FAF97CCD7BF8F8" box="[1187,1282,1768,1794]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Ulmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubra">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA935FF9903FAF97CCD7BF8F8" box="[1187,1282,1768,1794]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">A. rubra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingRegion id="FA37F82BA935FF99027DF97CCDE0F8F8" box="[1316,1433,1768,1794]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">California</collectingRegion>
. They also listed
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA935FF990608F899C9ACF8DC" baseAuthorityName="Walsingham" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[337,469,1804,1830]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incanella">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA935FF990608F899C9ACF8DC" box="[337,469,1804,1830]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">P. incanella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as forming upper-surface serpentine/blotch mines on
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA935FF99036AF898C9E7F8B1" authority="(Eschsch.) A. Gray" authorityName="A. Gray" baseAuthorityName="Eschsch." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Frangula" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="californica">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA935FF99036AF898CD59F8DC" box="[1075,1312,1804,1830]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">Frangula californica</emphasis>
(Eschsch.) A. Gray (Rhamnaceae)
</taxonomicName>
, a doubtful record given the unrelated hostplant.
<bibRefCitation id="5C624B38A935FF99049AF8A4CCF8F8B0" author="Pohl, G. R. &amp; Cannings, R. A. &amp; Landry, J. - F. &amp; Holden, D. G. &amp; Scudder, G. G. E." box="[963,1153,1839,1867]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" pagination="1 - 294" refId="ref15103" refString="Pohl, G. R., Cannings, R. A., Landry, J. - F., Holden, D. G. &amp; Scudder, G. G. E. (2015) Checklist of the Lepidoptera of British Columbia, Canada. Entomological Society of British Columbia Occasional Paper, 3, 1 - 294." type="journal article" year="2015">
Pohl
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA935FF9904A7F8A5CC56F8B0" box="[1022,1071,1840,1866]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">et al</emphasis>
. (2015
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="5C624B38A935FF9903D5F8A4CCBFF8B0" author="Pohl, G. R. &amp; Landry, J. - F. &amp; Schmidt, B. C. &amp; Lafontaine, J. D. &amp; Troubridge, J. T. &amp; Macaulay, A. D. &amp; van Nieukerken, E. J. &amp; deWaard, J. R. &amp; Dombroskie, J. J. &amp; Klymko, J. &amp; Nazari, V. &amp; Stead, K." box="[1164,1222,1840,1866]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" pagination="1 - 580" refId="ref15167" refString="Pohl, G. R., Landry, J. - F., Schmidt, B. C., Lafontaine, J. D., Troubridge, J. T., Macaulay, A. D., van Nieukerken, E. J., deWaard, J. R., Dombroskie, J. J., Klymko, J., Nazari, V. &amp; Stead, K. (2018) Annotated checklist of the moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera) of Canada and Alaska. Series Faunistica, Pensoft, 118, 1 - 580." type="journal article" year="2018">2018</bibRefCitation>
) listed
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA935FF990241F8A5CDE5F8B0" baseAuthorityName="Walsingham" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[1304,1436,1840,1866]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incanella">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA935FF990241F8A5CDE5F8B0" box="[1304,1436,1840,1866]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">P. incanella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as occurring in
<collectingRegion id="FA37F82BA935FF99061CF8C0CA73F894" box="[325,522,1876,1902]" country="Canada" name="British Columbia" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">British Columbia</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="70E96542A935FF99079EF8E3CBC7F84C" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="384C36C9A935FF99079EF8E3CBC7F84C" blockId="17.[151,1437,1515,1975]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA935FF99079EF8E3C936F868" bold="true" box="[199,335,1911,1938]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">Comments.</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="E748886BA935FF9906DEF8EDC9CEF869" box="[391,439,1913,1939]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">type</typeStatus>
series emerged in July from mines collected in late June.
<bibRefCitation id="5C624B38A935FF99036EF8ECCC91F868" author="Deschka, G." box="[1079,1256,1912,1938]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" pagination="243 - 270" refId="ref13756" refString="Deschka, G. (1982) Nearktische Phyllonorycter Huebner, 1822 (Lepidoptera, Lithocolletidae). Entomofauna, 3 (17), 243 - 270." type="journal article" year="1982">Deschka (1982)</bibRefCitation>
collected mines between 15 and 26 July, with adults emerging from 18 July to 9 August.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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