142 lines
15 KiB
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142 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document id="97A8A40ED61ADEC21371CB0440F8A477" ID-CLB-Dataset="275275" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.10072573" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f2fb95b4-c217-4690-b8f6-f3d494c1d4c0" ID-ISBN="978-85-89-274-31-9" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10072573" IM.bibliography_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.tables_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.treatments_approvedBy="tatiana" checkinTime="1698655243636" checkinUser="tatiana" docAuthor="Fornazier, M. J., Martins, D. S., Fanton, C. J. & Benassi, V. L. R. M." docDate="2019" docId="153D654AB243FF810996ABEC09BDFE32" docLanguage="en" docName="Incaper.3.493-533.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Conilon coffee - The Coffea canephora produced in Brazil, Vitória, ES, Brasil: Incaper - Capixaba Institute for Research, Technical Assistance and Rural Extension" docSource="https://biblioteca.incaper.es.gov.br/digital/bitstream/123456789/3514/1/book-conilon-coffee-3rd-edition-2019-Incaper.pdf" docTitle="Oligonychus ilicis" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="2033" masterDocId="E9041D32B268FFAD095AAA770836FFEB" masterDocTitle="INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT IN CONILON COFFEE" masterLastPageNumber="533" masterPageNumber="493" pageNumber="2032" updateTime="1699699037035" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="500AAEC0F7B915FFC6398B0FD091CDCD">INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT IN CONILON COFFEE</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9586517D70425FF18EC4BF1CB4EEDB99">Fornazier, M. J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="97F357D65377C0BD766C5E93D835773A">Martins, D. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="991C3F11E53FD8741C646C8DB28F4C39">Fanton, C. J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C73B50965867E6D4D2F1AA4C3BA83346">Benassi, V. L. R. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9E8BA3536220BE792757E300123F8BE9">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="125021DA814D664437D5EBC6E57042CF">2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="0BAB690039187A18D6916ED9FE589C78" type="pubDate">2019-05-28</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="FD37CE53764352E0F6C0CD71942DBF1A">Incaper - Capixaba Institute for Research, Technical Assistance and Rural Extension</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="1270514D817DABCBEDC779321FDD349E">Vitória, ES, Brasil</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="7F19003DEC550C09F6E0FD8FE5ACA06E">FERRÃO, R. G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B78289C6E4A805353010822ED2248B8D">FONSECA, A. F. A. da.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DBEFF6B9B35CEE146D91F73F3FD9CD6B">FERRÃO, M. A. G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F800AE865710A9F3B853C958F06BC940">DE MUNER, L. H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:titleInfo id="1B69633DC36661AE52B14BB13ED26579">
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<mods:title id="43B5410E2CA12DB4170537450EF83608">Conilon coffee - The Coffea canephora produced in Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:start id="9A1ACF120B65C77885E4120EDA4BB73C">493</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="535A460ED1594174F8BA8135D180E307">https://biblioteca.incaper.es.gov.br/digital/bitstream/123456789/3514/1/book-conilon-coffee-3rd-edition-2019-Incaper.pdf</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="6B6F043174512E69DB1DA59AFDA155EE">book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="8165909103E9D960788EB209BBED1088" type="ISBN">978-85-89-274-31-9</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C95154DA88E022C3285EEF9DADE9B9AC" type="Zenodo-Dep">10072573</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="153D654AB243FF810996ABEC09BDFE32" ID-GBIF-Taxon="215904882" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:153D654AB243FF810996ABEC09BDFE32" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/153D654AB243FF810996ABEC09BDFE32" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="2033" pageId="43" pageNumber="2032">
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<subSubSection id="D58E87D7B243FF860996ABEC0B80FE52" box="[204,950,411,441]" pageId="43" pageNumber="2032" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="9D2BD45CB243FF860996ABEC0B80FE52" blockId="43.[204,950,411,441]" box="[204,950,411,441]" pageId="43" pageNumber="2032">
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<taxonomicName id="5A94AFDFB243FF860996ABEC0AA5FE52" ID-CoL="496LM" authority="(McGregor, 1917)" baseAuthorityName="McGregor" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[204,659,411,441]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetranychidae" genus="Oligonychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="43" pageNumber="2032" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">
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<emphasis id="AFE0084EB243FF860996ABEC099FFE52" box="[204,425,411,441]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="2032">Oligonychus ilicis</emphasis>
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(McGregor, 1917)
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</taxonomicName>
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(Acari:
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<taxonomicName id="5A94AFDFB243FF860BABABEC0B99FE52" box="[753,943,411,441]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetranychidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="43" pageNumber="2032" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tetranychidae</taxonomicName>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D58E87D7B243FF810996AB8409BDFE32" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="2033" pageId="43" pageNumber="2032" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="9D2BD45CB243FF860996AB840A14FDFA" blockId="43.[151,1401,499,956]" box="[204,546,499,529]" pageId="43" pageNumber="2032">
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<heading id="C6636330B243FF860996AB840A14FDFA" bold="true" box="[204,546,499,529]" fontSize="12" level="11" pageId="43" pageNumber="2032" reason="6">
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<emphasis id="AFE0084EB243FF860996AB840A14FDFA" bold="true" box="[204,546,499,529]" pageId="43" pageNumber="2032">Description and Biology</emphasis>
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</heading>
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<paragraph id="9D2BD45CB243FF860996A86909BFFC57" blockId="43.[151,1401,499,956]" pageId="43" pageNumber="2032">
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The coffee mite females are about 0.4 mm long and have orange-colored legs and body, but with large dark spots on the back of the body. Males are smaller than females, lighter in color and occur in fewer numbers. The eggs, bright red, almost spherical, slightly flattened, are lay in a group of 10 to 15 on the upper face of the leaves. The larvae hatch after six to ten days, and can become adults in only seven days. However, the main form of reproduction of this species is Thelytokous parthenogenesis, in which the offspring are composed only of females. Its biological cycle is completed in an interval of 11 to 17 days (REIS; ALVES;
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<bibRefCitation id="F905A9ADB243FF860D2EA9690D10FCD7" author="SOUZA, J. C. & REIS, P. R." bookContentInfo="40 p." box="[1140,1318,798,828]" journalOrPublisher="Belo Horizonte: EPAMIG" pageId="43" pageNumber="2032" refId="ref28212" refString="SOUZA, J. C.; REIS, P. R. Broca-do-cafe: historico, reconhecimento, biologia, prejuizos, monitoramento e controle. 2. ed. Belo Horizonte: EPAMIG, 40 p. 1997. (EPAMIG, Boletim Tecnico 50)." title="Broca-do-cafe: historico, reconhecimento, biologia, prejuizos, monitoramento e controle. 2. ed" type="book" year="1997">SOUZA, 1997</bibRefCitation>
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). They live on the upper face of the coffee tree leaves, where they shelter under thin layer of web. Periods of more prolonged drought favor its occurrence, because in rainy seasons, the mites are easily washed.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9D2BD45CB243FF860996A9A8091FFC16" blockId="43.[149,1401,991,1363]" box="[204,297,991,1021]" pageId="43" pageNumber="2032">
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<heading id="C6636330B243FF860996A9A8091FFC16" bold="true" box="[204,297,991,1021]" fontSize="12" level="11" pageId="43" pageNumber="2032" reason="6">
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<emphasis id="AFE0084EB243FF860996A9A8091FFC16" bold="true" box="[204,297,991,1021]" pageId="43" pageNumber="2032">Losses</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9D2BD45CB243FF860996AE7D0BC0FAB8" blockId="43.[149,1401,991,1363]" pageId="43" pageNumber="2032">
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In intense attacks, the leaves lose their characteristic brightness and become yellowish at first until they become tanned (
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<figureCitation id="05AFC8D9B243FF860B74AE420A9BFBB8" box="[558,685,1077,1107]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="43.[150,234,1769,1796]" captionTargetBox="[151,1402,1404,1752]" captionTargetId="graphics-317@43.[151,1398,1403,1752]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Figure 13. Plant attacked by red mite (A); and detail of the characteristic luster loss of the infested leaf (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10072599" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10072599/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="2032">Figure 13</figureCitation>
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). In dry and hot winter years or in pronounced summer, mites can cause coffee tree defoliation. These mites attacks usually occur in "reboleiras̎ from where they are dispersed throughout the crop. So far, no work has been found reporting the effect of this attack on coffee conilon productivity. For Arabica coffee this damage can reach 65% of productivity (
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<bibRefCitation id="F905A9ADB243FF8608F0AEA80AFCFB16" author="SAN JUAN, R. C. C. & FIORELLI, J. H. & MATIELLO, J. B. & PAIVA, R. N. & REIS, R. P. & ANDRADE, R. J. & RAMOS, S. V." box="[426,714,1247,1277]" pageId="43" pageNumber="2032" pagination="72 - 73" refId="ref27458" refString="SAN JUAN, R. C. C.; FIORELLI, J. H.; MATIELLO, J. B.; PAIVA, R. N.; REIS, R. P.; ANDRADE, R. J.; RAMOS, S. V. Quantificacao do nivel de dano pelo ataque do acaro vermelho do cafeeiro no sul de Minas. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PESQUISAS CAFEEIRAS, 33., 2007. Lavras. Anais ... Rio de Janeiro: MAPA / PROCAFE. p. 72 - 73. 2007." title="Quantificacao do nivel de dano pelo ataque do acaro vermelho do cafeeiro no sul de Minas" type="proceedings paper" volumeTitle="CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE PESQUISAS CAFEEIRAS, 33., 2007. Lavras. Anais ... Rio de Janeiro: MAPA / PROCAFE" year="2007">SAN JUAN et al., 2007</bibRefCitation>
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). In field conditions, the development of these mites populations is rapid, particularly in growing fields in summer.This attack causes total defoliation of the plants, with consequent delay in the conilon crop growing.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="C9EB84D4B243FF8609CCAC9E0970F8CC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10072599" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10072599" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10072599/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="2032" startId="43.[150,234,1769,1796]" targetBox="[151,1402,1404,1752]" targetPageId="43" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="9D2BD45CB243FF8609CCAC9E0970F8CC" blockId="43.[150,1397,1769,1831]" pageId="43" pageNumber="2032">
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<emphasis id="AFE0084EB243FF8609CCAC9E0927F8EF" bold="true" box="[150,273,1769,1796]" pageId="43" pageNumber="2032">Figure 13</emphasis>
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. Plant attacked by red mite (A); and detail of the characteristic luster loss of the infested leaf (B).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="9D2BD45CB244FF810996AA9209FBFEE8" blockId="44.[151,1399,229,473]" box="[204,461,229,259]" pageId="44" pageNumber="2033">
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<heading id="C6636330B244FF810996AA9209FBFEE8" bold="true" box="[204,461,229,259]" fontSize="12" level="11" pageId="44" pageNumber="2033" reason="6">
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<emphasis id="AFE0084EB244FF810996AA9209FBFEE8" bold="true" box="[204,461,229,259]" pageId="44" pageNumber="2033">Method of control</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9D2BD45CB244FF810996AB6709BDFE32" blockId="44.[151,1399,229,473]" pageId="44" pageNumber="2033">
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The control is done by the use of specific acaricides in the "reboleiras̎ (
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<bibRefCitation id="F905A9ADB244FF810D2EAB670D5AFEC5" author="COSTA, J. N. M. & TEIXEIRA, C. A. D. & GARCIA A. & SOUZA, M. S. & GAMA, F. C." bookContentInfo="4 p." box="[1140,1388,272,302]" journalOrPublisher="Porto Velho: EMBRAPA-CPAF Rondonia" pageId="44" pageNumber="2033" refId="ref21844" refString="COSTA, J. N. M.; TEIXEIRA, C. A. D.; GARCIA A.; SOUZA, M. S.; GAMA, F. C. Eficiencia de acaricidas no controle do acaro-vermelho em cafe Conilon. Porto Velho: EMBRAPA-CPAF Rondonia, 2003. 4 p. (EMBRAPA - CPAF Rondonia. Comunicado Tecnico, 270)." title="Eficiencia de acaricidas no controle do acaro-vermelho em cafe Conilon" type="book" year="2003">COSTA et al., 2003</bibRefCitation>
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). It is important to inspect the terrains to detect pest infestation, particularly in periods that favor their population development. Copper fungicides applied to combat coffee rust
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<taxonomicName id="5A94AFDFB244FF810C5EAB1209ABFE45" authority="Berk & Br." authorityName="Berk & Br." class="Pucciniomycetes" family="Mikronegeriaceae" genus="Hemileia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Pucciniales" pageId="44" pageNumber="2033" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="vastatrix">
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<emphasis id="AFE0084EB244FF810C5EAB120930FE45" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="2033">Hemileia vastatrix</emphasis>
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Berk & Br.
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</taxonomicName>
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can contribute to increase the population of these mites (REIS; SILVA; CARVALHO, 1974).
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</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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