293 lines
38 KiB
XML
293 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document id="B76B52F269A80EEE9933828DA8748BBB" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7300862" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7300862" ID-ZooBank="A105F057-F2A4-4C14-B82E-14912B319D57" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1667845634694" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Leblanc, Luc" docDate="2022" docId="03D4F45500A443B841BECEC22D703C6F" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.2022.0948.1-167.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2022 (948)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592.3:InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Zeugodacus (Javadacus) cucurbitae" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="152" masterDocId="FFED8C2D003C4321417EC83E2C373A50" masterDocTitle="The dacine fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacini) of Oceania" masterLastPageNumber="167" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="151" updateTime="1699393287119" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="180372B4178C2D9294BE99A5943C7B7C">
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<mods:title id="802CA78F1C12E22B1DC83BA4617C4BFC">The dacine fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacini) of Oceania</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="25ADDADBD5DC84FD8B48160EDBF78BD6" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="8783C80C82365226220C00F5C97B8D8A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="2E7696100DA7E5B8BA4BB2A0BECD83E2">Leblanc, Luc</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="905C452A62C965E5D29A0DEEDE261B69">University of Idaho, Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology (EPPN) 875 Perimeter Drive MS 2329, Moscow, Idaho, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D868767C9584F7F20061394A03401E42">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="01F0708ECDD516D49F37328DD697C678">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="36423438EDA107348E820FB53083C131">
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<mods:date id="3E5CBC125F56CF45E1905369AAEC06B2">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5DB5DCB5703481906B31452FECCA9F2E">2022-08-26</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="E90E2550EEF92FC91CCFFF5ADF6B1B78" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="406B7EF4EA86785A4D92CCD2CD36D43F">2022</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B84925A8A0353067194096F62C93EE5F">948</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="191F34232393A7170C63A4DE8B91F117">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="CD2949D81CE610A2DE2963C8E62108E3" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.7300862</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7B3C11727D51C2744AEC19BD3FCDFC85" type="ISSN">1942-1354</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E8D793FD4A36C5CA0DD0B8A1346777D8" type="Zenodo-Dep">7300862</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D4F45500A443B841BECEC22D703C6F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7301290" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7301290" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D4F45500A443B841BECEC22D703C6F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D4F45500A443B841BECEC22D703C6F" lastPageId="153" lastPageNumber="152" pageId="152" pageNumber="151">
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<subSubSection id="C36716C800A443B941BECEC22D193D69" pageId="152" pageNumber="151" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC2454300A443B941BECEC22F5E3D49" blockId="152.[192,1053,1788,1917]" box="[192,873,1788,1817]" pageId="152" pageNumber="151">
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<heading id="D08AF22F00A443B941BECEC22F5E3D49" box="[192,873,1788,1817]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="152" pageNumber="151" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D3EC000A443B941BECEC22F5E3D49" ID-CoL="67ZR2" authority="(Coquillett, 1899)" baseAuthorityName="Coquillett" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[192,873,1788,1817]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Zeugodacus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="152" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cucurbitae" subGenus="Javadacus">
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||
<emphasis id="B909995100A443B941BECEC22F5E3D49" bold="true" box="[192,873,1788,1817]" pageId="152" pageNumber="151">
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||
<emphasis id="B909995100A443B941BECEC22D613D49" bold="true" box="[192,342,1788,1817]" italics="true" pageId="152" pageNumber="151">Zeugodacus</emphasis>
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||
(
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<emphasis id="B909995100A443B94019CEC22DD03D49" bold="true" box="[359,487,1788,1817]" italics="true" pageId="152" pageNumber="151">Javadacus</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B909995100A443B94087CEC22E4A3D49" bold="true" box="[505,637,1788,1817]" italics="true" pageId="152" pageNumber="151">cucurbitae</emphasis>
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||
(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC38B200A443B943F2CEC22F563D49" author="Coquillett DW" box="[652,865,1788,1817]" pageId="152" pageNumber="151" pagination="129 - 130" refId="ref46367" refString="Coquillett DW. 1899. A new trypetid from Hawaii. Entomological News 10: 129 - 130." type="journal article" year="1899">Coquillett, 1899</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC2454300A443B941BECF1E2D193D69" blockId="152.[192,1053,1788,1917]" box="[192,302,1823,1850]" pageId="152" pageNumber="151">
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<emphasis id="B909995100A443B941BECF1E2D193D69" bold="true" box="[192,302,1823,1850]" pageId="152" pageNumber="151">Melon fly</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C36716C800A443B941BECF7F2D1D3D2D" pageId="152" pageNumber="151" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC2454300A443B941BECF7F282A3D0B" blockId="152.[192,1053,1788,1917]" box="[192,1053,1857,1884]" pageId="152" pageNumber="151">
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(=
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D3EC000A443B9419ECF7C2E5F3D0B" authority="Tseng and Chu, 1982" authorityName="Tseng and Chu" authorityYear="1982" box="[224,616,1857,1884]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Dacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="152" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aureus">
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<emphasis id="B909995100A443B9419ECF7C2D433D0B" box="[224,372,1858,1883]" italics="true" pageId="152" pageNumber="151">Dacus aureus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC38B200A443B94005CF7C2E5F3D0B" author="Tseng YH & Chu YI" box="[379,616,1857,1884]" pageId="152" pageNumber="151" pagination="85 - 90" refId="ref51576" refString="Tseng YH, Chu YI. 1982. A new fruit fly from Taiwan (Diptera: Tephritidae). Chinese Journal of Entomology 2: 85 - 90." type="journal article" year="1982">Tseng and Chu, 1982</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D3EC000A443B9430CCF7C28223D0B" authority="Tseng and Chu, 1992" authorityName="Tseng and Chu" authorityYear="1992" box="[626,1045,1857,1884]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Dacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="152" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yuiliensis">
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<emphasis id="B909995100A443B9430CCF7C2F153D0B" box="[626,802,1857,1883]" italics="true" pageId="152" pageNumber="151">Dacus yuiliensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC38B200A443B94257CF7C28223D0B" author="Tseng YH & Chen CC & Chu YI" box="[809,1045,1857,1884]" pageId="152" pageNumber="151" pagination="15 - 91" refId="ref51540" refString="Tseng YH, Chen CC, Chu YI. 1992. The fruit flies. Genus Dacus Fabricius of Taiwan (Diptera: Tephritidae). Journal of Taiwan Museum 45: 15 - 91." type="journal article" year="1992">Tseng and Chu, 1992</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BC2454300A443B941BECF5D2D1D3D2D" blockId="152.[192,1053,1788,1917]" box="[192,298,1891,1917]" pageId="152" pageNumber="151">
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||
<figureCitation id="134659C600A443B941BECF5D2D1D3D2D" box="[192,298,1891,1917]" captionStart="Figure 96" captionStartId="107.[192,268,1767,1793]" captionTargetBox="[209,1422,292,1694]" captionTargetId="figure-10@107.[192,1439,292,1711]" captionTargetPageId="107" captionText="Figure 96. Zeugodacus (Javadacus) cucurbitae (Coquillett). A) Head. B) Head and scutum. C–D) Abdomen, female. E–F) Abdomen, male. G) Wing. H) Lateral view, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7301134" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7301134/files/figure.png" pageId="152" pageNumber="151">Figure 96</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C36716C800A543B841BEC8EB29A4385D" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" type="distribution">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC2454300A543B841BEC8EB2E6B3BB0" blockId="153.[191,1441,213,480]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">
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<emphasis id="B909995100A543B841BEC8EB2D643ABF" bold="true" box="[192,339,213,239]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Distribution</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="134659C600A543B8401EC8E82D8A3AA0" box="[352,445,214,240]" captionStart="Figure 129" captionStartId="145.[192,268,1119,1145]" captionTargetBox="[193,1437,215,1090]" captionTargetId="figure-9@145.[192,1439,213,1094]" captionTargetPageId="145" captionText="Figure 129. Distribution and invasion and eradication history of Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett) and Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) in Oceania. Photos by Steve Wilson." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7301237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7301237/files/figure.png" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Fig. 129</figureCitation>
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). Widespread throughout tropical Asia, from
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<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B842CCC8E828263AA0" box="[946,1041,214,240]" name="Pakistan" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
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to
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<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B8454CC8E828B43AA0" box="[1074,1155,214,240]" name="Taiwan" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
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and south to New
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<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B84431C8E829963AA0" box="[1359,1441,214,240]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Guinea</collectingCountry>
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(introduced) and
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<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B840F6C8C62E733B42" box="[392,580,248,274]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
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(introduced); introduced to Africa, the Middle East, and various islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans (see distribution map in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC38B200A543B8424FC9252FCC3B65" author="Vargas RI & Pinero JC & Leblanc L." box="[817,1019,282,309]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" pagination="297 - 318" refId="ref51968" refString="Vargas RI, Pinero JC, Leblanc L. 2015. An overview of pest species of Bactrocera fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) and the integration of biopesticides with other biological approaches for their management with a focus on the Pacific region. Insects 6: 297 - 318." type="journal article" year="2015">Vargas et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B84573C92528D23B64" box="[1037,1253,282,309]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
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(mainland,
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<collectingRegion id="49B98BA100A543B84410C9252D263B07" country="Papua New Guinea" name="West New Britain" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">New Britain</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49B98BA100A543B84060C9032D9B3B07" box="[286,428,317,343]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="New Ireland" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">New Ireland</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49B98BA100A543B840C7C9032E3F3B07" box="[441,520,317,343]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Manus" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Manus</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49B98BA100A543B8436AC9032E923B07" box="[532,677,317,343]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Bougainville" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Bougainville</collectingRegion>
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).
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<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B843C7C9032F423B07" box="[697,885,317,343]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
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(Shortland Group,
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<collectingRegion id="49B98BA100A543B84528C903288B3B07" box="[1110,1212,317,343]" country="Solomon Islands" name="Choiseul" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Choiseul</collectingRegion>
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, Vella Lavella, Gizo, Kolombangara, New
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<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B840D1C9612E3C3B29" box="[431,523,351,377]" name="Georgia" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Georgia</collectingCountry>
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, Isabel, Russell, Guadalcanal, Malaita). Hawaii (all islands; detected 1895).
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<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B84424C96129A83B29" box="[1370,1439,351,377]" name="Guam" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Guam</collectingCountry>
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(detected 1936, eradicated 1965 but re-introduced from
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<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B84234C9BF28433BCB" box="[842,1140,385,411]" name="Northern Mariana Islands" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Northern Mariana Islands</collectingCountry>
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in 1981).
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<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B84593C9BF2D0A3BEE" name="Northern Mariana Islands" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Northern Mariana Islands</collectingCountry>
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(detected 1936).
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<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B8437FC99A2E603BEE" box="[513,599,420,446]" name="Kiribati" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Kiribati</collectingCountry>
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(
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<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B84318C99A2F1E3BEE" box="[614,809,420,446]" name="Christmas Island" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Christmas Island</collectingCountry>
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; detected 1987, eradicated 1989).
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<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B845DBC99A28DA3BEE" box="[1189,1261,420,446]" name="Nauru" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Nauru</collectingCountry>
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(detected 1982, eradicated 1999, reintroduced 2002).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC2454300A543B841BEC9CD29A4385D" blockId="153.[192,1427,499,526]" box="[192,1427,499,526]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">
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<emphasis id="B909995100A543B841BEC9CD2D01385D" bold="true" box="[192,310,499,525]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Male lure.</emphasis>
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Cue-lure. Weak attraction to zingerone, dihydroeugenol, and methyl-isoeugenol (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC38B200A543B845B9C9CD29B0385D" author="Royer JE & Agovaua S. & Bokosou J & Kurika K & Mararuai A & Mayer DG & Niangu B." box="[1223,1415,499,526]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" pagination="40 - 49" refId="ref50460" refString="Royer JE, Agovaua S., Bokosou J, Kurika K, Mararuai A, Mayer DG, Niangu B. 2018. Responses of fruit flies to new attractants in Papua New Guinea. Austral Entomology 57: 40 - 49." type="journal article" year="2018">Royer et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C36716C800A543B841BECA1E2D703C6F" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BC2454300A543B841BECA1E2EF138B7" blockId="153.[192,1440,544,743]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">
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<emphasis id="B909995100A543B841BECA1E2D78386A" bold="true" box="[192,335,544,570]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Host plants.</emphasis>
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Category A severe pest of cucurbit crops (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC38B200A543B84248CA1E2832386B" author="Vargas RI & Pinero JC & Leblanc L." box="[822,1029,544,571]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" pagination="297 - 318" refId="ref51968" refString="Vargas RI, Pinero JC, Leblanc L. 2015. An overview of pest species of Bactrocera fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) and the integration of biopesticides with other biological approaches for their management with a focus on the Pacific region. Insects 6: 297 - 318." type="journal article" year="2015">Vargas et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
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||
), also bred from a diversity of other families, with a total of 136 host taxa in 30 families (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEC38B200A543B8427FCA7D2FEC380D" author="Allwood AJ & Chinajariyawong A & Drew RAI & Hamacek EL & Hancock DL & Hengsawad C & Jipanin JC & Jirasurat M & Kong Krong C & Kritsaeneepaiboon S & Leong CTS & Vijaysegaran S." box="[769,987,579,605]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" pagination="1 - 92" refId="ref45690" refString="Allwood AJ, Chinajariyawong A, Drew RAI, Hamacek EL, Hancock DL, Hengsawad C, Jipanin JC, Jirasurat M, Kong Krong C, Kritsaeneepaiboon S, Leong CTS, Vijaysegaran S. 1999. Host plant records for fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in South East Asia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. Supplement 7: 1 - 92." type="journal article" year="1999">Allwood et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
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||
; McQuate et al. 2016).Records in
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<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B8442ACA7D29AB380D" box="[1364,1436,579,605]" name="Guam" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Guam</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B841BECA582D3D38D0" box="[192,266,614,640]" name="Nauru" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Nauru</collectingCountry>
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||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B8406DCA5B2E00382F" box="[275,567,613,639]" name="Northern Mariana Islands" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Northern Mariana Islands</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B8433ECA582F20382F" box="[576,791,613,640]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
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, and
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<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B84231CA5B283C382F" box="[847,1035,613,639]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
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||
:
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<taxonomicName id="4C7D3EC000A543B8456DCA5B28CF382F" box="[1043,1272,613,639]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">CUCURBITACEAE</taxonomicName>
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:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D3EC000A543B8447ECA5B2CD638F1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Citrullus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909995100A543B8447ECA5B2CD638F1" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Citrullus lanatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D3EC000A543B8418FCAB62D9B38F1" box="[241,428,647,674]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Coccinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909995100A543B8418FCAB62D9B38F1" box="[241,428,647,674]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Coccinia grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D3EC000A543B840C2CAB62E4538F1" box="[444,626,648,674]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Cucumis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sativus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909995100A543B840C2CAB62E4538F1" box="[444,626,648,674]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Cucumis sativus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D3EC000A543B843FCCAB92F1A38F1" box="[642,813,647,673]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Cucurbita" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pepo">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909995100A543B843FCCAB92F1A38F1" box="[642,813,647,673]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Cucurbita pepo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B909995100A543B84240CAB62FCC38F1" box="[830,1019,647,674]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Luffa acutangula</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D3EC000A543B84572CAB628AF38F1" box="[1036,1176,647,673]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Litchi" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cylindrica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909995100A543B84572CAB628AF38F1" box="[1036,1176,647,673]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">L. cylindrica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D3EC000A543B845D6CAB929AD38F1" box="[1192,1434,647,673]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Momordica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="charantia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909995100A543B845D6CAB929AD38F1" box="[1192,1434,647,673]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Momordica charantia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B909995100A543B841BECA942DD23894" box="[192,485,682,708]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D3EC000A543B841BECA942DD63894" box="[192,481,682,708]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Trichosanthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cucumerina">Trichosanthes cucumerina</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D3EC000A543B84094CA942E413894" box="[490,630,682,708]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">FABACEAE</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D3EC000A543B84300CA942F703894" box="[638,839,682,708]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Phaseolus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909995100A543B84300CA942F703894" box="[638,839,682,708]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Phaseolus vulgaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D3EC000A543B8422DCA95282B3894" box="[851,1052,682,708]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Vigna" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="unguiculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909995100A543B8422DCA95282B3894" box="[851,1052,682,708]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Vigna unguiculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D3EC000A543B84556CA9428FA3894" box="[1064,1229,682,708]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">MALVACEAE</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D3EC000A543B845ABCA942D3638B6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Abelmoschus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="esculentus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909995100A543B845ABCA942D3638B6" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Abelmoschus esculentus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D3EC000A543B84070CAF22DF538B6" box="[270,450,716,742]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">SOLANACEAE</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D3EC000A543B840B5CAF22EF738B6" box="[459,704,716,742]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lycopersicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909995100A543B840B5CAF22EF738B6" box="[459,704,716,742]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Solanum lycopersicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC2454300A543B841BECAC72EE53966" blockId="153.[192,1440,761,822]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909995100A543B841BECAC72E233943" bold="true" box="[192,532,761,787]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Edible hosts common names.</emphasis>
|
||
Angled luffa, bittergourd, common bean, cucumber, ivy gourd, luffa, okra, snakebean, snakegourd, squash, tomato, watermelon.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC2454300A543B841BECB762F1A3E8D" blockId="153.[191,1443,840,1245]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909995100A543B841BECB762D173932" bold="true" box="[192,288,840,866]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Adults mate at dusk (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC38B200A543B8436BCB772EEA3933" author="Waterhouse DF" box="[533,733,841,867]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" pagination="4 - 47" refId="ref52346" refString="Waterhouse DF. 1993. Pest fruit flies in the Oceanic Pacific. p. 4 - 47. In: Waterhouse DF. Biological control. Pacific Prospects. Supplement 2. ACIAR Monograph No 20. 138 p." type="book chapter" year="1993">Waterhouse 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Rate of development was summarized by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC38B200A543B845BBCB7729AB3933" author="Waterhouse DF" box="[1221,1436,841,867]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" pagination="4 - 47" refId="ref52346" refString="Waterhouse DF. 1993. Pest fruit flies in the Oceanic Pacific. p. 4 - 47. In: Waterhouse DF. Biological control. Pacific Prospects. Supplement 2. ACIAR Monograph No 20. 138 p." type="book chapter" year="1993">Waterhouse (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Female flies start laying eggs, primarily on cucurbits, 11–12 days after their emergence from pupae. Eggs are laid in batches of 1–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7B8ECA00A543B8400ECBB32DF139F8" box="[368,454,909,936]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" type="egg">40 eggs</specimenCount>
|
||
in young to ripe fruits, but also on flowers, buds and even leaf stalks and stems of host cucurbits. One female may lay over 1000 eggs during her life. Oviposition peaks occur in the morning and late afternoon. Eggs hatch in about 24 hours. Development time varies from 4 to 17 days (larva) and 7 to 13 days (pupa), depending on temperature and host. In the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B84388CBCA2F863E5E" box="[758,945,1012,1038]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
, development from egg to adult takes 13 days at 29°C. In Hawaii, at 24°C, eggs hatch in 1.3 days, larval development takes 6.6 days and pupal stage lasts 10.2 days (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC38B200A543B8407ECC072DF13E03" author="Vargas RI & Walsh WA & Jang EB & Armstrong JW & Kanehisa DT" box="[256,454,1081,1108]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" pagination="64 - 69" refId="ref52020" refString="Vargas RI, Walsh WA, Jang EB, Armstrong JW, Kanehisa DT. 1996. Survival and development of immature stages of four Hawaiian fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) reared at five constant temperatures. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 89: 64 - 69." type="journal article" year="1996">Vargas et al. 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Adults are long-lived, typically up to 150 days, but as long as 240–460 days under cooler temperature. This species is uncommon in the forest. Monthly trapping data is illustrated on
|
||
<figureCitation id="134659C600A543B845A1CC6529533E26" box="[1247,1380,1115,1142]" captionStart="Figure 137" captionStartId="154.[192,268,1337,1363]" captionTargetBox="[364,1261,213,1305]" captionTargetId="figure-83@154.[359,1273,213,1307]" captionTargetPageId="154" captionText="Figure 137. Mean (±SE) daily captures of Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett) in cue-lure traps maintained: A) in Hawaii (Oahu Island) between April 2009 and December 2013, based on 359 trapping sites (n = 19,148, mean FTD = 25.65) (previously published in Leblanc et al. (2014)), and B) in Papua New Guinea between November 1998 and February 2000, based on five trapping sites (n = 77, mean FTD = 7.74)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7301259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7301259/files/figure.png" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Figures 137</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134659C600A543B8440FCC6229AC3E26" box="[1393,1435,1116,1142]" captionStart="Figure 138" captionStartId="155.[194,270,783,809]" captionTargetBox="[375,1249,225,752]" captionTargetId="figure-387@155.[364,1268,213,753]" captionTargetPageId="155" captionText="Figure 138. Mean (±SE) daily captures of Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett) in cue-lure traps maintained in the Solomon Islands (Guadalcanal Island) between April 1999 and August 2001, based on 9 trapping sites (n = 205, mean FTD = 2.66)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7301263" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7301263/files/figure.png" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">138</figureCitation>
|
||
, and was also published in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC38B200A543B8409ACC402F253EC8" author="Hollingsworth RG & Vagalo M & Tsatsia F." box="[484,786,1150,1176]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" pagination="140 - 144" refId="ref48361" refString="Hollingsworth RG, Vagalo M, Tsatsia F. 1997. Biology of melon fly, with special reference to Solomon Islands. p. 140 - 144. In: Allwood AJ, Drew RAI (eds.). Management of fruit flies in the Pacific. ACIAR Proceedings No 76. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research; Canberra. 267 p." type="book chapter" year="1997">Hollingsworth et al. (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The parasitoid
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7D3EC000A543B842C1CC4028D93EC8" authority="(Silvestri)" baseAuthorityName="Silvestri" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[959,1262,1150,1176]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Psyttalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fletcheri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909995100A543B842C1CC40284B3EC8" box="[959,1148,1150,1176]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Psyttalia fletcheri</emphasis>
|
||
(Silvestri)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was introduced from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B84180CC9E2D0E3EEA" box="[254,313,1184,1210]" name="India" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
to Hawaii in 1916, and subsequently from Hawaii to the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B842C9CC9E285D3EEA" box="[951,1130,1184,1210]" name="Northern Mariana Islands" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Mariana Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
in 1950 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC38B200A543B845ACCC9E29AF3EEA" author="Waterhouse DF" box="[1234,1432,1184,1210]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" pagination="4 - 47" refId="ref52346" refString="Waterhouse DF. 1993. Pest fruit flies in the Oceanic Pacific. p. 4 - 47. In: Waterhouse DF. Biological control. Pacific Prospects. Supplement 2. ACIAR Monograph No 20. 138 p." type="book chapter" year="1993">Waterhouse 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B84065CCFD2DE33E8D" box="[283,468,1219,1245]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
in 1997 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC38B200A543B84345CCFD2F163E8D" author="Hollingsworth RG & Drew RAI & Allwood AJ & Romig M & Vagalo M & Tsatsia F." box="[571,801,1219,1245]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" pagination="95 - 108" refId="ref48427" refString="Hollingsworth RG, Drew RAI, Allwood AJ, Romig M, Vagalo M, Tsatsia F. 2003. Host plants and relative abundance of fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) species in the Solomon Islands. Australian Journal of Entomology 42: 95 - 108." type="journal article" year="2003">Hollingsworth 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC2454300A543B841BECCCE2D703C6F" blockId="153.[191,1441,1264,1599]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909995100A543B841BECCCE2D3C3F5A" bold="true" box="[192,267,1264,1290]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Notes.</emphasis>
|
||
Heat tolerance was studied in Hawaii (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC38B200A543B843B0CCCE2F713F5A" author="Jang EB" box="[718,838,1264,1290]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" pagination="700 - 705" refId="ref48510" refString="Jang EB. 1986. Kinetics of thermal death in eggs and first instars of three species of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 79: 700 - 705." type="journal article" year="1986">Jang 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Melon fly was eradicated from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B84592CCCE2D093F7C" name="Northern Mariana Islands" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Northern Mariana Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
in 1963 through sterile insect releases (Steiner et al. 1965a), but re-introduced from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B84581CD2C29723F7C" box="[1279,1349,1298,1324]" name="Guam" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Guam</collectingCountry>
|
||
in 1981 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC38B200A543B841B6CD0B2DA23F1F" author="Wong TY & Cunningham RT & McInnis DO & Gilmore JE" box="[200,405,1332,1359]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" pagination="1079 - 1082" refId="ref52525" refString="Wong TY, Cunningham RT, McInnis DO, Gilmore JE. 1989. Spatial distribution and abundance of Dacus cucurbitae (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Rota, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. Environmental Entomology 18: 1079 - 1082." type="journal article" year="1989">Wong et al. 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It was first detected in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B84398CD0A2F923F1E" box="[742,933,1332,1358]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
on Shortland in 1984, then Kolombangara,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B98BA100A543B841BECD692D133F21" box="[192,292,1367,1393]" country="Solomon Islands" name="Choiseul" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Choiseul</collectingRegion>
|
||
and Gizo in 1985,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B98BA100A543B8437ACD692E723F21" box="[516,581,1367,1393]" country="Solomon Islands" name="Isabel" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Isabel</collectingRegion>
|
||
in 1988,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B98BA100A543B843CACD692F3E3F21" box="[692,777,1367,1393]" country="Solomon Islands" name="Malaita" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Malaita</collectingRegion>
|
||
in 1994, and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B98BA100A543B842D5CD69280F3F21" box="[939,1080,1367,1393]" country="Solomon Islands" name="Guadalcanal" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Guadalcanal</collectingRegion>
|
||
in 1995, where initial attempts for eradication were unsuccessful (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC38B200A543B84337CD472F263FC3" author="Waterhouse DF" box="[585,785,1401,1427]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" pagination="4 - 47" refId="ref52346" refString="Waterhouse DF. 1993. Pest fruit flies in the Oceanic Pacific. p. 4 - 47. In: Waterhouse DF. Biological control. Pacific Prospects. Supplement 2. ACIAR Monograph No 20. 138 p." type="book chapter" year="1993">Waterhouse 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC38B200A543B84263CD4728093FC3" author="Hollingsworth RG & Vagalo M & Tsatsia F." box="[797,1086,1401,1428]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" pagination="140 - 144" refId="ref48361" refString="Hollingsworth RG, Vagalo M, Tsatsia F. 1997. Biology of melon fly, with special reference to Solomon Islands. p. 140 - 144. In: Allwood AJ, Drew RAI (eds.). Management of fruit flies in the Pacific. ACIAR Proceedings No 76. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research; Canberra. 267 p." type="book chapter" year="1997">Hollingsworth et al. 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC38B200A543B84534CD4729213FC3" author="Vagalo M & Hollingsworth RG & Tsatsia F." box="[1098,1302,1401,1428]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" pagination="81 - 86" refId="ref51651" refString="Vagalo M, Hollingsworth RG, Tsatsia F. 1997. Fruit fly fauna in Solomon Islands. p. 81 - 86. In: Allwood AJ, Drew RAI (eds.). Management of fruit flies in the Pacific. ACIAR Proceedings No 76. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research; Canberra. 267 p." type="book chapter" year="1997">Vagalo et al. 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It was also detected on
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B84032CDA52E393FE5" box="[332,526,1435,1461]" name="Christmas Island" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Christmas Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B84363CDA52E4E3FE5" box="[541,633,1435,1461]" name="Kiribati" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Kiribati</collectingCountry>
|
||
) in 1987, and eradicated through a 2-year interruption in cucurbit cultivation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC38B200A543B84056CD802DC33F88" author="Waterhouse DF" box="[296,500,1470,1496]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" pagination="4 - 47" refId="ref52346" refString="Waterhouse DF. 1993. Pest fruit flies in the Oceanic Pacific. p. 4 - 47. In: Waterhouse DF. Biological control. Pacific Prospects. Supplement 2. ACIAR Monograph No 20. 138 p." type="book chapter" year="1993">Waterhouse 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It was easily eradicated from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B84220CD802F903F88" box="[862,935,1470,1496]" name="Nauru" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Nauru</collectingCountry>
|
||
in 1998–1999, using male annihilation and limited protein bait spray applications, aided by a drought that had reduced host fruit availability (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC38B200A543B8447DCDDE2CCD3C4D" author="Allwood AJ & Vueti ET & Leblanc L & Bull R." pageId="153" pageNumber="152" pagination="19 - 25" refId="ref45937" refString="Allwood AJ, Vueti ET, Leblanc L, Bull R. 2002. Eradication of introduced Bactrocera species (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Nauru using male annihilation and protein bait application techniques. p. 19 - 25. In: Veitch CR, Clout MN (eds). Turning the tide: the eradication of invasive species. Occasional Papers of the IUCN Species Survival Commission. No. 27. International Union for Conservation of Nature; Gland, Switzerland. 414 p." type="book chapter" year="2002">Allwood et al. 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It was, however, re-introduced to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B843F8CE3D2EF83C4D" box="[646,719,1539,1565]" name="Nauru" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Nauru</collectingCountry>
|
||
in 2002, likely aided by Air
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B84574CE3D28643C4D" box="[1034,1107,1539,1565]" name="Nauru" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Nauru</collectingCountry>
|
||
passenger flights from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36A05D300A543B84427CE3D29A83C4D" box="[1369,1439,1539,1565]" name="Guam" pageId="153" pageNumber="152">Guam</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC38B200A543B841B9CE1B2D0C3C6F" author="SPC" box="[199,315,1573,1599]" pageId="153" pageNumber="152" refId="ref51048" refString="SPC. 2002. Re-incursion of Nauru by melon fly. Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC). Pest Alert No. 26: 1." type="book" year="2002">SPC 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |