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<mods:title id="51B18C677970E515714F4F5B8C018B18">Avian type localities and the type specimens collected by Johan August Wahlberg in southern Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1BBB7873FE32399B6689FD573767518B">Dean, W. Richard J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7DF9E88C5D5776B62925C4F877721AC8">Research Associate, FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701 South Africa. wrjdean 01 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6541 - 3565 &amp; Wolwekraal Conservation and Research Organisation, P. O. Box 47, Prince Albert 6930, South Africa. &amp; South African Environmental Observation Network, Arid Lands Node, Kimberley, South Africa.</mods:affiliation>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8C7D17F76EB12FB1D2FDDD3047417E" author="Sundevall, C. J." box="[151,638,546,573]" page="107" pageId="27" pageNumber="548" year="1850">
<taxonomicName id="4C2D2085F76EB12FB1D2FDDD3047417E" ID-CoL="3M4S8" authority="Sundevall, 1850: 107" authorityName="Sundevall" authorityPageNumber="107" authorityYear="1850" box="[151,638,546,573]" class="Aves" family="Hirundinidae" genus="Hirundo" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="27" pageNumber="548" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semirufa">
<emphasis id="B9598714F76EB12FB1D2FDDD334A417E" bold="true" box="[151,371,546,573]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="548">Hirundo semirufa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBC26F7F76EB12FB03FFDDD3047417E" author="Sundevall, C. J." box="[378,638,546,572]" pageId="27" pageNumber="548" pagination="96 - 111" refId="ref29984" refString="Sundevall, C. J. (1850) Foglar fran sodra Afrika. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-akademiens forhandlingar, 7 (4), 96 - 111." type="journal article" year="1850">Sundevall, 1850: 107</bibRefCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="3B45515BF76EB12FB1D2FD94313F41C7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3766756367" box="[151,774,619,645]" location="Hab. in Caffraria" pageId="27" pageNumber="548" specimenCount="1">
VERBATIM
<typeStatus id="5496E5A4F76EB12FB042FD8D330141C0" box="[263,312,626,642]" pageId="27" pageNumber="548">TYPE</typeStatus>
LOCALITY: “
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<location id="8EF20DDDF76EB12FB0F8FD9430BB41C7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0384EA10F76EB12FB1D2FDDD316A4670:8EF20DDDF76EB12FB0F8FD9430BB41C7" box="[445,642,619,645]" name="Hab. in Caffraria" pageId="27" pageNumber="548">Hab. in Caffraria</location>
superiore
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.”
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CURRENT STATUS:
<taxonomicName id="4C2D2085F76EB12FB0CEFD7031A341EB" authority="(Sundevall, 1850)" baseAuthorityName="Sundevall" baseAuthorityYear="1850" box="[395,922,654,681]" class="Aves" family="Hirundinidae" genus="Cecropis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="27" pageNumber="548" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="semirufa" subSpecies="semirufa">
<emphasis id="B9598714F76EB12FB0CEFD7030FD41EB" box="[395,708,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="548">Cecropis semirufa semirufa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFBC26F7F76EB12FB390FD7031AB41EB" author="Sundevall, C. J." box="[725,914,654,681]" pageId="27" pageNumber="548" pagination="96 - 111" refId="ref29984" refString="Sundevall, C. J. (1850) Foglar fran sodra Afrika. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-akademiens forhandlingar, 7 (4), 96 - 111." type="journal article" year="1850">Sundevall, 1850</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C2D2085F76EB12FB2E2FD7032F7418F" authority="(Dickinson &amp; Christidis 2014: 478)" baseAuthorityName="Dickinson &amp; Christidis" baseAuthorityPageNumber="478" baseAuthorityYear="2014" class="Aves" family="Hirundinidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="27" pageNumber="548" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
Hirundinidae (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBC26F7F76EB12FB50EFD7032FC418F" author="Dickinson, E. C. &amp; Christidis, L." pageId="27" pageNumber="548" refId="ref28395" refString="Dickinson, E. C. &amp; Christidis, L. (2014) The Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World. 4 th Edition. Vol. 2. Passerines. Aves Press, Eastbourne, 752 pp." type="book" year="2014">Dickinson &amp; Christidis 2014: 478</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
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<materialsCitation id="3B45515BF76EB12FB182FD2831AB40C3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3766756350" collectingDate="1841-11-18" collectingDateMax="1841-12-11" collectingDateMin="1841-11-18" collectionCode="TYPE" pageId="27" pageNumber="548" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="lectotype">
<collectionCode id="ED3CC3C3F76EB12FB182FD2832C241AC" box="[199,251,727,753]" pageId="27" pageNumber="548">TYPE</collectionCode>
MATERIAL: Sundevall, in his brief original description (1850: 107) gave no indication that he had more than a single specimen at hand. His acquisition catalogue, however, shows that there were two skins available.
<bibRefCitation id="EFBC26F7F76EB12FB1D2FCE033E64078" author="Gyldenstolpe, N." box="[151,479,799,826]" pageId="27" pageNumber="548" pagination="1 - 116" refId="ref28755" refString="Gyldenstolpe, N. (1926) Types of birds in the Royal Natural History Museum in Stockholm. Arkiv f or Zoologi, 19, 1 - 116." type="journal article" year="1926">Gyldenstolpe (1926: 6869)</bibRefCitation>
referred to NRM 569780 [7076] as a “type”, here treated as a
<typeStatus id="5496E5A4F76EB12FB5E1FCE03729407B" box="[1188,1296,799,825]" pageId="27" pageNumber="548" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
designation of this study skin of a male collected
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<collectingDate id="EFD7842EF76EB12FB30CFCBC3115401F" box="[585,812,835,861]" pageId="27" pageNumber="548" value="1841-11-18">18 November 1841</collectingDate>
</date>
at Magaliesberg. The
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, NRM 90144785 [7077], is a female collected
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<collectingDate id="EFD7842EF76EB12FB0A9FC9830F240C3" box="[492,715,871,897]" pageId="27" pageNumber="548" value="1841-12-11">11 December 1841</collectingDate>
</date>
at Magaliesberg
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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<materialsCitation id="3B45515BF76EB12FB182FC74339C408B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3766756402" collectionCode="VERIFIED" county="Magalies Berge" location="Crocodile River" municipality="Hennops River" pageId="27" pageNumber="548" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gauteng" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="ED3CC3C3F76EB12FB182FC74331A40E0" box="[199,291,907,933]" pageId="27" pageNumber="548">VERIFIED</collectionCode>
<typeStatus id="5496E5A4F76EB12FB068FC6D336740E0" box="[301,350,914,930]" pageId="27" pageNumber="548">TYPE</typeStatus>
LOCALITY:
<collectingCounty id="62F3238AF76EB12FB09EFC7430A840E7" box="[475,657,907,933]" pageId="27" pageNumber="548">Magalies Berge</collectingCounty>
, junction of
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF6C17CF76EB12FB260FC7431E840E7" box="[805,977,907,933]" pageId="27" pageNumber="548">Hennops River</collectingMunicipality>
and
<location id="8EF20DDDF76EB12FB548FC7436FC40E7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0384EA10F76EB12FB1D2FDDD316A4670:8EF20DDDF76EB12FB548FC7436FC40E7" box="[1037,1221,907,933]" county="Magalies Berge" municipality="Hennops River" name="Crocodile River" pageId="27" pageNumber="548" stateProvince="Gauteng">Crocodile River</location>
, southwest of
<location id="8EF20DDDF76EB12FB42BFC7432F4408B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0384EA10F76EB12FB1D2FDDD316A4670:8EF20DDDF76EB12FB42BFC7432F4408B" county="Magalies Berge" municipality="Hennops River" name="Pretoria" pageId="27" pageNumber="548" stateProvince="Gauteng">Pretoria</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="49E995E4F76EB12FB19CFC50339C408B" box="[217,421,943,969]" country="South Africa" name="Gauteng" pageId="27" pageNumber="548">Gauteng Province</collectingRegion>
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.
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<subSubSection id="C337088DF76EB12FB182FC2C316A4670" pageId="27" pageNumber="548" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B925B06F76EB12FB182FC2C316A4670" blockId="27.[151,1437,619,1330]" pageId="27" pageNumber="548">
COMMENTS: The only entry in Wahlbergs journal for this day (
<date id="FF937DC6F76EB12FB2CFFC2C365F40AF" box="[906,1126,979,1005]" pageId="27" pageNumber="548" value="1841-11-18">18 November 1841</date>
) is “fully occupied”. However, he recorded collecting a specimen of “
<taxonomicName id="4C2D2085F76EB12FB3D4FC0831BF4753" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1766" box="[657,902,1015,1041]" class="Aves" family="Hirundinidae" genus="Hirundo" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="27" pageNumber="548" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="senegalensis">
<emphasis id="B9598714F76EB12FB3D4FC0831BF4753" box="[657,902,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="548">Hirundo senegalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” [in error for
<taxonomicName id="4C2D2085F76EB12FB569FC08374F4753" authorityName="Sundevall" authorityYear="1850" box="[1068,1398,1015,1041]" class="Aves" family="Hirundinidae" genus="Hirundo" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="27" pageNumber="548" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semirufa" subGenus="Cecropis">
<emphasis id="B9598714F76EB12FB569FC0836B24753" box="[1068,1163,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="548">Hirundo</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9598714F76EB12FB5D8FC0837384753" box="[1181,1281,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="548">Cecropis</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B9598714F76EB12FB451FC08374F4753" box="[1300,1398,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="548">semirufa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
] at Mooi River (Potchefstroom) on 8 November and then another specimen on 14 November on the southern edge of the Magaliesberg, close to Hartebeespoort. The Potchefstroom specimen has not been located in the collections. The restricted
<typeStatus id="5496E5A4F76EB12FB04DFB9C3301473F" box="[264,312,1123,1149]" pageId="27" pageNumber="548">type</typeStatus>
locality suggested by
<bibRefCitation id="EFBC26F7F76EB12FB37EFB9C311D473F" author="Gyldenstolpe, N." box="[571,804,1123,1149]" pageId="27" pageNumber="548" pagination="264 - 292" refId="ref28785" refString="Gyldenstolpe, N. (1934) The travels and collections of Johan August Wahlberg, 1810 - 1856: a pioneer naturalist in South Africa. Ibis, 76, 264 - 292. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1474 - 919 X. 1934. tb 01567. x" type="journal article" year="1934">Gyldenstolpe (1934)</bibRefCitation>
is unlikely. The confluence between the Crocodile and Hennops Rivers is well south of the track that Wahlberg was thought to have used when travelling from Holfontein to Hartebeesport (map B, p.
<quantity id="4CD5F6E3F76EB12FB0A7FB5430154787" box="[482,556,1195,1221]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2766" pageId="27" pageNumber="548" unit="in" value="129.0">129 in</quantity>
Craig &amp; Hummel 1992). If the
<typeStatus id="5496E5A4F76EB12FB2E4FB5431E84787" box="[929,977,1195,1221]" pageId="27" pageNumber="548">type</typeStatus>
was collected on 18 November, the TL should be restricted to Hartebeespoort. If the
<typeStatus id="5496E5A4F76EB12FB3DFFB3030F347AB" box="[666,714,1231,1257]" pageId="27" pageNumber="548">type</typeStatus>
was collected on
<date id="FF937DC6F76EB12FB2DDFB30364D47AB" box="[920,1140,1231,1257]" pageId="27" pageNumber="548" value="1841-11-14">14 November 1841</date>
, Wahlberg was camped at “Herman Potgieters farm” at Olifantsnek on this day and reached Hartebeespoort on the 15 November (see “Problems with labels and collecting localities” in the Introduction).
</paragraph>
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