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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619" ID-GBIF-Dataset="24faa4da-b3d3-4f16-9bd4-830c47e189a3" ID-PMC="PMC7895808" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1017-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="24D307470678503FA8737A34FDC87114" ID-PubMed="33633480" ID-ZooBank="D6C509102C7A46059FAEB3E25FE48C8A" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1017-1" checkinTime="1613177902248" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hernandez, Osvaldo, Gomez-Gutierrez, Jaime &amp; Sanchez, Carlos" docDate="2021" docId="034057AD1509558C8B9F55DF48A7F3EB" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1017: 1-20" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1017" docPubDate="2021-02-12" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619" docTitle="Leptogorgia martirensis Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="2F4C8356-9EF8-4772-A607-CBCC74032DB8" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="24D307470678503FA8737A34FDC87114" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="24D307470678503FA8737A34FDC87114" masterDocTitle="Three new species of the sea fan genus Leptogorgia (Octocorallia, Gorgoniidae) from the Gulf of California, Mexico" masterLastPageNumber="20" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668149795896" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Three new species of the sea fan genus Leptogorgia (Octocorallia, Gorgoniidae) from the Gulf of California, Mexico</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Hernandez, Osvaldo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Departamento de Ciencias Marinas y Costeras, Universidad Autonoma de Baja California Sur, Carretera al sur km 5.5, CP 23080, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico &amp; Departamento de Plancton y Ecologia Marina, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Av. IPN, s / n, CP 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Gomez-Gutierrez, Jaime</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Departamento de Plancton y Ecologia Marina, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Av. IPN, s / n, CP 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sanchez, Carlos</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7199-1268</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Departamento de Ciencias Marinas y Costeras, Universidad Autonoma de Baja California Sur, Carretera al sur km 5.5, CP 23080, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">csanchez@uabcs.mx</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2021-02-12</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1017</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>20</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1017-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">D6C509102C7A46059FAEB3E25FE48C8A</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">24D307470678503FA8737A34FDC87114</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="177383168" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2F4C8356-9EF8-4772-A607-CBCC74032DB8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/034057AD1509558C8B9F55DF48A7F3EB" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/2F4C8356-9EF8-4772-A607-CBCC74032DB8" authority="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez, 2021" authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia martirensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="martirensis" status="sp. nov.">Leptogorgia martirensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure l" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure l. Map of the Gulf of California and Mexican Pacific showing collection localities of the three new species of Leptogorgia." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figurel" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509105" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Leptogorgia martirensis sp. nov. A holotype NMNH- 1638556 B anthocodial and coenenchymal sclerites." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509108" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Leptogorgia martirensis sp. nov., Scanning Electron Microscopy images of coenenchymal sclerites from the holotype NMNH- 1638556 A capstans B rod lateral view C anthocodial rod sclerites." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509109" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 5</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Three new species of sea fans, colonies in situ, underwater images A Leptogorgia iridis sp. nov., San Juanito Island, Piedra El Morro, Islas Marias Archipelago, 10 m depth, 23 November 2010, a deep purple colony, at the base a small red wine colony of Leptogorgia ena B Leptogorgia iridis sp. nov., polyps close up C Leptogorgia martirensis sp. nov., Cueva Refugio, San Pedro Martir Island, Sonora, 2 - 3 m depth, 16 July 2010 into the cave several small colonies D Leptogorgia martirensis sp. nov., colony close up E Leptogorgia enrici sp. nov., Los Choros, BC, 25 m depth, 10 July 2009, two yellow colonies, a large colony of Eugorgia multifida in the background F Leptogorgia enrici sp. nov., El Bajo Sur, Cerralvo Island, BCS, 30 m depth, 23 June 2006, white colony G Leptogorgia enrici sp. nov., polyps close up. Photographs by Carlos Sanchez." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509112" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 8C, D</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
NMNH-1638556: dry, Cueva Refugio, San Pedro
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mártir">Martir</normalizedToken>
Island, Sonora, Mexico (
<geoCoordinate degrees="28" direction="north" minutes="22.297" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="28.371616">28°22.297'N</geoCoordinate>
, -
<geoCoordinate degrees="112" direction="west" minutes="19.040" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-112.31734">112°19.040'W</geoCoordinate>
), 1 m depth, 16 July 2010, collector Carlos
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
NMNH-1638557: dry, Cueva Refugio, San Pedro
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mártir">Martir</normalizedToken>
Island, Sonora, Mexico (
<geoCoordinate degrees="28" direction="north" minutes="22.297" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="28.371616">28°22.297'N</geoCoordinate>
, -
<geoCoordinate degrees="112" direction="west" minutes="19.040" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-112.31734">112°19.040'W</geoCoordinate>
), 1 m depth, 16 July 2010, collector Carlos
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
; NMNH-1638558: dry, Cueva Refugio, San Pedro
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mártir">Martir</normalizedToken>
Island, Sonora, Mexico (
<geoCoordinate degrees="28" direction="north" minutes="22.297" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="28.371616">28°22.297'N</geoCoordinate>
, -
<geoCoordinate degrees="112" direction="west" minutes="19.040" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-112.31734">112°19.040'W</geoCoordinate>
), 1 m depth, July 16, 2010, collector Carlos
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
; NMNH-1638559: San Pedro
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mártir">Martir</normalizedToken>
Island, Sonora, Mexico (
<geoCoordinate degrees="28" direction="north" minutes="22.818" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="28.3803">28°22.818'N</geoCoordinate>
, -
<geoCoordinate degrees="112" direction="west" minutes="18.4422" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-112.30737">112°18.4422'W</geoCoordinate>
), 20 m depth, 16 July 2010, collector Carlos
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509108" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia martirensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="martirensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia martirensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
holotype NMNH-1638556
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
anthocodial and coenenchymal sclerites.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Cueva Refugio, San Pedro
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mártir">Martir</normalizedToken>
Island, Sonora, Mexico is one of the furthest offshore islands in the Gulf of California (part of midriff islands at the upper Gulf) where volcanic rocky reefs predominate. San Pedro
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mártir">Martir</normalizedToken>
Island is a UNESCO &quot;Islas del Golfo de California&quot; Biosphere Reserve (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure l" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure l. Map of the Gulf of California and Mexican Pacific showing collection localities of the three new species of Leptogorgia." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figurel" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509105" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype colony description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
A yellow colony with bushy and dense growth with multiple and irregular brownish lines (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Leptogorgia martirensis sp. nov. A holotype NMNH- 1638556 B anthocodial and coenenchymal sclerites." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509108" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4A</figureCitation>
). The colony is 6.1 cm in length and 8.1 cm in width. The holdfast is irregular, 14 mm
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
11 mm from which the short main stem rises (2 mm length, 4 mm diameter). The colony has four main branches up to 11 mm length and 3 mm diameter. The main branches subdivide into multiple secondary branches (up to 31 mm length, 2 mm diameter). Terminal twigs are flat and short (12 mm length, 2 mm width) with acute ends. The general pattern of upward ramification is lateral at 45° angle. Polyp mounds are oval and prominent, forming one or two rows at each side of the branches with 0.5 mm height, 2 mm length, and 1 mm width with elongated calyces. The colony has several specimens of unidentified dried ophiuroids (&lt;2 mm oral disc diameter) attached to the branches (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Leptogorgia martirensis sp. nov. A holotype NMNH- 1638556 B anthocodial and coenenchymal sclerites." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509108" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="holotype sclerites">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype sclerites.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The coenenchymal sclerites are exclusively capstans (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Leptogorgia martirensis sp. nov. A holotype NMNH- 1638556 B anthocodial and coenenchymal sclerites." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509108" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Leptogorgia martirensis sp. nov., Scanning Electron Microscopy images of coenenchymal sclerites from the holotype NMNH- 1638556 A capstans B rod lateral view C anthocodial rod sclerites." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509109" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5A</figureCitation>
). There is no evidence of other types of sclerites being present in any other section of the colony. The capstans reach 0.05 mm long and 0.03 mm wide (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Leptogorgia martirensis sp. nov., Scanning Electron Microscopy images of coenenchymal sclerites from the holotype NMNH- 1638556 A capstans B rod lateral view C anthocodial rod sclerites." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509109" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5A</figureCitation>
), their color is pale yellow, pink, red or bicolor yellow-red, but the predominant color is pale yellow (90%). The anthocodial sclerites are lobed rods with acute or blunt ends up to 0.1 mm length and 0.03 mm width in the center (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Leptogorgia martirensis sp. nov., Scanning Electron Microscopy images of coenenchymal sclerites from the holotype NMNH- 1638556 A capstans B rod lateral view C anthocodial rod sclerites." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509109" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5B, C</figureCitation>
). They are bicolor white-red, red, orange or white. The red chromotype is predominant (70% of observed colonies) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Leptogorgia martirensis sp. nov. A holotype NMNH- 1638556 B anthocodial and coenenchymal sclerites." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509108" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509109" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia martirensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="martirensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia martirensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., Scanning Electron Microscopy images of coenenchymal sclerites from the holotype NMNH-1638556
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
capstans
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
rod lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
anthocodial rod sclerites.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="morphological variations">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Morphological variations.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia martirensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="martirensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia martirensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. colonies show three chromotypes: purple, yellow and brown (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Leptogorgia martirensis sp. nov. A holotype NMNH- 1638556 B anthocodial and coenenchymal sclerites." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509108" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Three new species of sea fans, colonies in situ, underwater images A Leptogorgia iridis sp. nov., San Juanito Island, Piedra El Morro, Islas Marias Archipelago, 10 m depth, 23 November 2010, a deep purple colony, at the base a small red wine colony of Leptogorgia ena B Leptogorgia iridis sp. nov., polyps close up C Leptogorgia martirensis sp. nov., Cueva Refugio, San Pedro Martir Island, Sonora, 2 - 3 m depth, 16 July 2010 into the cave several small colonies D Leptogorgia martirensis sp. nov., colony close up E Leptogorgia enrici sp. nov., Los Choros, BC, 25 m depth, 10 July 2009, two yellow colonies, a large colony of Eugorgia multifida in the background F Leptogorgia enrici sp. nov., El Bajo Sur, Cerralvo Island, BCS, 30 m depth, 23 June 2006, white colony G Leptogorgia enrici sp. nov., polyps close up. Photographs by Carlos Sanchez." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509112" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">8C, D</figureCitation>
). The colony color depends on the proportion of the dominant color of the coenenchymal sclerites, but in a few cases the colonies show a brown chromotype when the color proportion of sclerites is approximately 50% purple and 50% yellow.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The colony growth, size and polyp mounds of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia martirensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="martirensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia martirensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. are similar to those of
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia aequatorialis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia aequatorialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Bielschowsky, 1929,
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia obscura" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="obscura">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia obscura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia parva" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="parva">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia parva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, these three species each have only one chromotype (purple, pink, and orange, respectively), and all these species have spindles in their coenenchyme up to 0.1 mm length, while
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. martirensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="martirensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. martirensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. has three chromotypes and no spindles in the coenenchyme.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat and distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The micro-endemic
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia martirensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="martirensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia martirensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is only recorded in rocky shallow waters (up to 10 m depth), and low abundance, at San Pedro
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mártir">Martir</normalizedToken>
and San Esteban Islands, Sonora. The islands are located in the northern Gulf of California (as part of the Cortez Province according to
<bibRefCitation author="Brusca, RC" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="67 - 105" refId="B11" refString="Brusca, RC, Wallerstein, BR, 1979. Zoogeographic pattern of idoteid isopods in the northeast Pacific, with a review of shallow water zoogeography of the area. Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington 3: 67 - 105" title="Zoogeographic pattern of idoteid isopods in the northeast Pacific, with a review of shallow water zoogeography of the area." volume="3" year="1979">Brusca and Wallerstein 1979</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2000.tb00166.x" author="Hasting, PA" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="319 - 335" refId="B15" refString="Hasting, PA, 2000. Biogeography of the Tropical Eastern Pacific: distribution and phylogeny of chaenopsid fishes. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 128 (3): 319 - 335, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2000.tb00166.x" title="Biogeography of the Tropical Eastern Pacific: distribution and phylogeny of chaenopsid fishes." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2000.tb00166.x" volume="128" year="2000">Hasting 2000</bibRefCitation>
), and are the most isolated islands in the gulf (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure l" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure l. Map of the Gulf of California and Mexican Pacific showing collection localities of the three new species of Leptogorgia." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1017.50619.figurel" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/509105" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</figureCitation>
). The Cortez Province is associated with the lowest winter sea superficial temperature (SST 15 °C), the widest annual range of SST (15-30 °C), high marine productivity, and harbor a unique macroinvertebrate community, dominated by endemic octocorals of the genus
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Muricea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Muricea" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Muricea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2016.1143105" author="Ulate, K" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biology Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="389 - 401" refId="B23" refString="Ulate, K, Sánchez, C, Sánchez-Rodríguez, A, Alonso, D, Aburto-Oropeza, O, Huato-Soberanis, L, 2016. Latitudinal regionalization of epibenthic macroinvertebrate communities on rocky reefs in the Gulf of California. Marine Biology Research 12 (4): 389 - 401, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2016.1143105" title="Latitudinal regionalization of epibenthic macroinvertebrate communities on rocky reefs in the Gulf of California." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2016.1143105" volume="12" year="2016">Ulate et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia martirensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="martirensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia martirensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. shares its habitat with
<taxonomicName authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1869" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Muricea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Muricea austera" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="austera">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Muricea austera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Verrill, 1869,
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Valenciennes" baseAuthorityYear="1846" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Muricea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Muricea plantaginea" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="plantaginea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Muricea plantaginea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Valenciennes, 1846),
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Muricea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Muricea" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Muricea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp.,
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Psammogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psammogorgia teres" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="teres">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Psammogorgia teres</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Verrill, 1868, and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1868" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Eugorgia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eugorgia excelsa" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="excelsa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Eugorgia excelsa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Verrill, 1868.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hernández &amp; Gómez-Gutiérrez &amp; Sánchez" authorityYear="2021" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptogorgia martirensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="martirensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leptogorgia martirensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. takes its name from the collection site San Pedro
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mártir">Martir</normalizedToken>
Island.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>