194 lines
18 KiB
XML
194 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.191.3070" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e3acf250-1110-4fb0-8736-4433ea8c6a67" ID-PMC="PMC3353492" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-191-1" ID-PubMed="22639534" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-191-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 191" ModsDocTitle="Australian Assassins, Part II: A review of the new assassin spider genus Zephyrarchaea (Araneae, Archaeidae) from southern Australia" checkinTime="1451249040581" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Rix, Michael G. & Harvey, Mark S." docDate="2012" docId="E5CD99D6FED2BB20F7C93ECFC83E397B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 191: 1-62" docOrigin="ZooKeys 191" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.191.3070" docTitle="Zephyrarchaea janineae Rix & Harvey, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="FFC6FFF5FF81B72CFFEFFF8CFF8B347D" masterDocTitle="Australian Assassins, Part II: A review of the new assassin spider genus Zephyrarchaea (Araneae, Archaeidae) from southern Australia" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="11" updateTime="1668153862162" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Australian Assassins, Part II: A review of the new assassin spider genus Zephyrarchaea (Araneae, Archaeidae) from southern Australia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rix, Michael G.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Harvey, Mark S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>191</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>62</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.191.3070</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.191.3070</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-191-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152035432" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3E20D50E-50A2-4D59-A2CD-565E05D4554D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E5CD99D6FED2BB20F7C93ECFC83E397B" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3E20D50E-50A2-4D59-A2CD-565E05D4554D" authority="Rix & Harvey" class="Arachnida" family="Archaeidae" genus="Zephyrarchaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zephyrarchaea janineae" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="janineae">Zephyrarchaea janineae Rix & Harvey</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="10" pageNumber="11">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 1C8I9F1121
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Archaeidae" genus="Austrarchaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Austrarchaea" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Austrarchaea</taxonomicName>
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sp. Main, 1995: 153.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="vernacular name">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Karri Forest Assassin Spider</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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Holotype male: Karri Valley, 'Karri Valley Hideaway
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cottages’">Cottages'</normalizedToken>
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, off Hopgarden Road, west of Pemberton, Western Australia, Australia,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-34.41639">34°24'59"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="115.84778">115°50'52"E</geoCoordinate>
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, sifting elevated leaf litter in wet Marri and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Callidulidae" genus="Agonis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agonis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Agonis</taxonomicName>
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forest, 26-28.VIII.2006, M. Rix, J. Wojcieszek (WAM T89559).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="12" start="start">Paratypes</pageBreakToken>
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: Allotype female, same data as holotype (WAM T118981).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="other material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Other material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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AUSTRALIA: Western Australia:Karri Valley: 'Karri Valley Hideaway
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cottages’">Cottages'</normalizedToken>
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, off Hopgarden Road, west of Pemberton,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-34.415836">34°24'57"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="115.84722">115°50'50"E</geoCoordinate>
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, sifting elevated leaf litter in wet Marri and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Callidulidae" genus="Agonis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agonis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Agonis</taxonomicName>
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forest, 3.V.2008, M. Rix, M. Harvey, 2 juveniles (WAM T89565DNA: KV-38-J/KV-39-J). Greater Hawke National Park: Gloucester Road, ~360 m off Pemberton-Northcliffe Road,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-34.350277">34°21'01"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="116.02056">116°01'14"E</geoCoordinate>
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, sifting leaf litter and beating grass-trees in very wet area, 16.X.2009, D. & S. Harms, 1 juvenile (WAM T114035DNA: GL-160-J). Dombakup State Forest: Marri Road, 15.I.1979, M. Gray, 4 juveniles (AMS KS15242). Leeuwin-Naturaliste National Park: near Cape Leeuwin,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-34.366665">34°22'00"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="115.15445">115°09'16"E</geoCoordinate>
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, sifting elevated leaf litter in coastal
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Callidulidae" genus="Agonis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agonis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Agonis</taxonomicName>
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forest, 15.VII.2009, M. Rix, 2♂ (WAM T94476); same data except 16.IV.2009, 1♀, 5 juveniles (WAM T97464DNA: CL-163-J/CL-164-J/CL-165-J); Sugarloaf Road, near Cape Naturaliste,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-33.55861">33°33'31"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="115.02167">115°01'18"E</geoCoordinate>
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, sifting elevated leaf litter under
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Callidulidae" genus="Agonis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agonis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Agonis</taxonomicName>
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, 30.III.2008, M. Rix, 1 juvenile (WAM T89561DNA: CN-32-J); Sugarloaf Road, near Cape Naturaliste,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-33.558056">33°33'29"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="115.02361">115°01'25"E</geoCoordinate>
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, sifting elevated leaf litter under
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Callidulidae" genus="Agonis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agonis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Agonis</taxonomicName>
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, 25.IV.2008, M. Rix, 2 juveniles (WAM T89562DNA: CN-33-J). Treen Brook State Forest: side road fire track off Vasse Highway,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-34.445835">34°26'45"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="115.98333">115°59'00"E</geoCoordinate>
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, sifting leaf litter and teasing low shrubs, 14.X.2009, D. & S. Harms, 1 juvenile (WAM T114036DNA: TB-161-J); 8 km W. of Pemberton, 13.II.1979, M. Gray, 2 juveniles (AMS KS15341). Wellington National Park: Lennard Drive, near turnoff to Rapids Picnic Ground, 33°23
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<normalizedToken originalValue="’59”">'59"</normalizedToken>
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S, 115°57
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<normalizedToken originalValue="’52”">'52"</normalizedToken>
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E, sifting elevated leaf litter, dense Jarrah forest with
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Callidulidae" genus="Agonis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agonis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Agonis</taxonomicName>
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on slope leading to Collie River, 141 m, 18.IX.2010, S. & D. Harms, 1♀ (WAM T112584DNA: CO-158-F); same data except 25.IX.2010, M. Rix, J. Wojcieszek, 1 juvenile (WAM T114034DNA: CO-159-J).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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The specific epithet is a patronym in honour of Dr Janine Wojcieszek, for helping to discover the first live specimens of this species in 2006, and therefore catalysing the Western Australian
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Museum’s">Museum's</normalizedToken>
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'archaeid
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<normalizedToken originalValue="project’">project'</normalizedToken>
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in the half decade since 2007.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Archaeidae" genus="Zephyrarchaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zephyrarchaea janineae" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="janineae">Zephyrarchaea janineae</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from other known congeners except
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Archaeidae" genus="Zephyrarchaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zephyrarchaea mainae" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mainae">Zephyrarchaea mainae</taxonomicName>
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by the presence of six dorsal, hump-like tubercles on the abdomen (Figs 1C, 11
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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); and from
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Archaeidae" genus="Zephyrarchaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zephyrarchaea mainae" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mainae">Zephyrarchaea mainae</taxonomicName>
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by the more tapered, spiniform apex of tegular sclerite 1 (TS 1) (Figs 11
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<normalizedToken originalValue="D–F">D-F</normalizedToken>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">This species can also be distinguished from other genotyped taxa (see Fig. 3) by the following three unique nucleotide substitutions for COI (n = 11): G(87), G(132), T(609).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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Holotype male: Total length 2.92; leg I femur 1.87; F1/CL ratio 1.76. Cephalothorax dark reddish-brown; legs tan brown with darker annulations; abdomen mottled grey-brown and beige, with reddish-brown dorsal scute and sclerites (Fig. 11B). Carapace short (CH/CL ratio 1.60); 1.06 long, 1.71 high, 1.01 wide;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘neck’">'neck'</normalizedToken>
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0.59 wide; highest point of pars cephalica (HPC) near posterior third of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘head’">'head'</normalizedToken>
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(ratio of HPC to post-ocular length 0.65), carapace with pronounced concave depression anterior to HPC;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘head’">'head'</normalizedToken>
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not strongly elevated dorsally (post-ocular ratio 0.22) (Fig. 8I). Chelicerae with proximal tuft and additional comb of accessory setae on anterior face of paturon (Fig. 11C). Abdomen 1.54 long, 1.08 wide; with three pairs of dorsal hump-like tubercles (HT 1-6); dorsal scute fused anteriorly to epigastric scle
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<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="13" start="start">rites</pageBreakToken>
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, extending posteriorly to first pair of hump-like tubercles; HT 3-6 each covered by separate dorsal sclerites. Unexpanded pedipalp (Figs 11
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<normalizedToken originalValue="D–F">D-F</normalizedToken>
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) pyriform, with broad, distally curved embolus supported by conductor sclerites 1-2; tegular sclerite 1 (TS 1) porrect, slightly curved in prolateral view, with tapered, spiniform apex; TS 2-3 projecting beyond retro-distal rim of tegulum.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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Allotype female: Total length 4.10; leg I femur 1.97; F1/CL ratio 1.66. Cephalothorax dark reddish-brown; legs tan brown with darker annulations; abdomen mottled grey-brown and beige (Fig. 11A). Carapace short (CH/CL ratio 1.70); 1.19 long, 2.03 high, 1.15 wide;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘neck’">'neck'</normalizedToken>
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0.69 wide; highest point of pars cephalica (HPC) approaching posterior quarter of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘head’">'head'</normalizedToken>
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(ratio of HPC to post-ocular length 0.70), carapace with pronounced concave depression anterior to HPC;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘head’">'head'</normalizedToken>
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moderately elevated dorsally (post-ocular ratio 0.26) (Fig. 9F). Chelicerae without accessory setae on anterior face of paturon. Abdomen 2.62 long, 2.15 wide; with three pairs of dorsal hump-like tubercles (HT 1-6). Internal genitalia (Fig. 11G) with cluster of ≤ 15 sausage-shaped spermathecae either side of gonopore, clusters widely separated along midline of genital plate.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Variation: Males (n = 3): total length 2.92-3.15; carapace length 1.03-1.10; carapace height 1.67-1.82; CH/CL ratio 1.60-1.66. Females (n = 3): total length 3.03-4.10; carapace length 1.14-1.19; carapace height 1.92-2.03; CH/CL ratio 1.69-1.70.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Archaeidae" genus="Zephyrarchaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zephyrarchaea janineae" order="Araneae" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="janineae">Zephyrarchaea janineae</taxonomicName>
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is known from the high rainfall province (see
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<bibRefCitation author="Hopper, SD" journalOrPublisher="Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="623 - 650" title="The Southwest Australian Floristic Region: evolution and conservation of a global hot spot of biodiversity." url="10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.35.112202.130201" volume="35" year="2004">Hopper and Gioia 2004</bibRefCitation>
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) of southern Western Australia, from the Leeuwin-Naturaliste and Wellington National Parks (near Bunbury) east to Pemberton (Fig. 21). It is the dominant assassin spider of the south-western Karri (
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus diversicolor" order="Myrtales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="diversicolor">Eucalyptus diversicolor</taxonomicName>
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) forest and surrounding areas, and has been collected by beating and sifting elevated leaf litter in wet forested habitats and in coastal groves of Peppermint (
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Callidulidae" genus="Agonis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agonis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Agonis</taxonomicName>
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sp.). Six juvenile specimens first collected by M. Gray in 1979 in the Treen Brook and Dombakup State Forests near Pemberton (see
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<bibRefCitation author="Main, BY" journalOrPublisher="Western Australian Naturalist" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="151 - 154" title="Additional records of the Gondwanan spider Austrarchaea from southwestern Australia." volume="20" year="1995">Main 1995</bibRefCitation>
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) almost certainly belong to this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="conservation status">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">This specieshas a relatively widespread distribution in several National Parks and State Forests, and is not considered to be of conservation concern.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |