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<document id="974AA2A766151E9010C32462C1642701" ID-CLB-Dataset="50584" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.172265" ID-GBIF-Dataset="20ced0ab-42ec-4de6-bab0-b3da6529bae9" ID-ISSN="1175­5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="172265" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459767424324" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="David, Jerome, Roux, Michel, Messing, Charles G. &amp; Ameziane, Nadia" docDate="2006" docId="467B4160FFB2FB43FE966BD0593207E9" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01156p050.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1156" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Endoxocrinus A.H. Clark 1908" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="BA423918FF92FB62FF9E6A3358780577" masterDocTitle="Revision of the pentacrinid stalked crinoids of the genus Endoxocrinus (Echinodermata, Crinoidea), with a study of environmental control of characters and its consequences for taxonomy" masterLastPageNumber="50" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1698223119808" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="E13CE9C8B442973882931D2FF5C3F586">Revision of the pentacrinid stalked crinoids of the genus Endoxocrinus (Echinodermata, Crinoidea), with a study of environmental control of characters and its consequences for taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AC1DAFA63D46A5C9F9EBF15D03C01BD4">David, Jerome</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D8E87960819CD6495B4D75E2C840C3B7">Roux, Michel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="573A530408D074F328577FE7328D6F1D">Messing, Charles G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="210FA8A8C7CDF1D7EC5560005A7BEA68">Ameziane, Nadia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="475BFFF85005B1BA387862DD3839096E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B4B8C030C67EC1AED58EF681F75D02A6">2006</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="F9003FEE8AFD794DE11B5C3C80592A7B" type="volume">
<mods:number id="53A4E2CDDB9DF7F9451092FD09150D7A">1156</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="7E9B7ABBB696696CB7C43B60E1493451">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="C3960A80659A85197CC87F30F4B61E58" type="CLB-Dataset">50584</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="794359CE9426B08D03861F4139D227A0" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.172265</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="467B4160FFB2FB43FE966BD0593207E9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6260985" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119346462" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6260985" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:467B4160FFB2FB43FE966BD0593207E9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/467B4160FFB2FB43FE966BD0593207E9" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<subSubSection id="86C8A3FDFFB2FB42FE966BD05B76048A" box="[264,782,483,510]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="CE6DF076FFB2FB42FE966BD05B76048A" blockId="32.[264,782,483,510]" box="[264,782,483,510]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<heading id="9525471AFFB2FB42FE966BD05B76048A" bold="true" box="[264,782,483,510]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="1">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FE966BD05B76048A" bold="true" box="[264,782,483,510]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
Subgenus
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB2FB42FE166BD75B76048A" authority="A.H. Clark, 1908" authorityName="A.H. Clark" authorityYear="1908" box="[392,782,483,510]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Endoxocrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FE166BD75A4B0489" bold="true" box="[392,563,484,510]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Endoxocrinus</emphasis>
A.H. Clark, 1908
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="86C8A3FDFFB2FB42FE96681D5B2E07D2" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="CE6DF076FFB2FB42FE96681D5C650732" blockId="32.[264,1323,558,677]" box="[264,1053,558,582]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<typeStatus id="11694ED4FFB2FB42FE96681D59450732" box="[264,317,558,581]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Type</typeStatus>
species of the subgenus:
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB2FB42FDD3681C5B2E0732" authority="Gervais" authorityName="Gervais" box="[589,854,558,582]" class="Crinoidea" family="Encrinidae" genus="Encrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Encrinida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="parrae">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FDD3681C5A850731" box="[589,765,559,582]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Encrinus parrae</emphasis>
Gervais
</taxonomicName>
(in Guerin, 1835).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE6DF076FFB2FB42FE96687D5B2E07D2" blockId="32.[264,1323,558,677]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
Synonymy:
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB2FB42FE11687C5B460712" authority="A.H. Clark, 1908b: 151" authorityName="A.H. Clark" authorityPageNumber="151" authorityYear="1908" box="[399,830,590,614]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Endoxocrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FE11687C5A5B0711" box="[399,547,591,614]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Endoxocrinus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB2FB42FDAE687D5B7D0712" author="Clark" box="[560,773,590,613]" pageId="32" pageNumber="46" refString="Clark A. H. (1908 b) Two new crinoid genera. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 21, 149 - 152." type="journal article" year="1908" yearSuffix="b">A.H. Clark, 1908b</bibRefCitation>
: 151
</taxonomicName>
, and 1923: 10;
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB2FB42FC67687C59CF07F2" authority="Roux, 1978" authorityName="Roux" authorityYear="1978" class="Crinoidea" family="Isocrinidae" genus="Diplocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Endoxocrinus">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FC67687C5C000711" box="[1017,1144,591,614]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Diplocrinus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FB13687C5D590711" box="[1165,1313,591,614]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Endoxocrinus</emphasis>
) Roux, 1978
</taxonomicName>
: A9 (unpublished data) and 1981: 481;
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB2FB42FCC4685C591807D2" authority="David, 1998: 202" authorityName="David" authorityPageNumber="202" authorityYear="1998" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Endoxocrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Endoxocrinus">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FCC4685C5B9607F1" box="[858,1006,623,646]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Endoxocrinus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FC63685C5CE907F1" box="[1021,1169,623,646]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Endoxocrinus</emphasis>
) David, 1998: 202
</taxonomicName>
(unpublished data) and
<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB2FB42FDFF68BD5B6407D2" author="Roux" box="[609,796,654,677]" pageId="32" pageNumber="49" refString="Roux M., Messing C. G. &amp; Ameziane N. (2002) Artificial keys to the genera of living stalked crinoids (Echinodermata). Bulletin of Marine Science, 70, 3, 799 - 830." type="journal article" year="2002">Roux et al., 2002</bibRefCitation>
: 820.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="86C8A3FDFFB2FB42FE9668E459DD017F" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="CE6DF076FFB2FB42FE9668E459070787" blockId="32.[264,1323,727,953]" box="[264,383,727,752]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FE9668E459070787" box="[264,383,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE6DF076FFB2FB42FEA668CC5BB906CE" blockId="32.[264,1323,727,953]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
A subgenus of
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB2FB42FE7768CC5AF3066F" box="[489,651,767,792]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Endoxocrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FE7768CC5AF3066F" box="[489,651,767,792]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Endoxocrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with IIBr series from 1 to 4 brachials, usually 2; IIIBr to VBr from 1 to 5 brachials, exceptionally up to 7; usually more frequently 3 than
<quantity id="092A5D93FFB2FB42FB2869145C9B0636" box="[1206,1251,807,833]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
IIIBr, mainly
<quantity id="092A5D93FFB2FB42FEFD697C59EA061E" box="[355,402,847,873]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
IVBr and VBr; number of internodals per mature noditaxis 3 to 16; rarely a distal callus at end of stalk; number of cirrals per cirrus 25 to 43 (mode usually&gt;30); proximal cirri perpendicular to stalk or oriented downward.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE6DF076FFB2FB42FE9669DC59DD017F" blockId="32.[264,1323,1007,1153]" box="[264,421,1007,1032]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FE9669DC59DD017F" box="[264,421,1007,1032]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Monospecific</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="86C8A3FDFFB2FB42FEA66E2459DB01F6" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="CE6DF076FFB2FB42FEA66E2459DB01F6" blockId="32.[264,1323,1007,1153]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB2FB42FEA66E245A4D0147" box="[312,565,1047,1072]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Endoxocrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="parrae">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FEA66E245A4D0147" box="[312,565,1047,1072]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Endoxocrinus parrae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[Gervais (
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FD266E245AB70147" box="[696,719,1047,1072]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">in</emphasis>
Guérin, 1835)]
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB2FB42FC0B6E245C760147" box="[917,1038,1047,1072]" class="Crinoidea" family="Isocrinidae" genus="Diplocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subSpecies" species="sensu" subSpecies="lato">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FC0B6E245C760147" box="[917,1038,1047,1072]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">sensu lato</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB2FB42FBA06E2459C8012E" authority="Oersted, 1857" authorityName="Oersted" authorityYear="1857" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Pentacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mulleri">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FBA06E245D530147" box="[1086,1323,1047,1072]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Pentacrinus mülleri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB2FB42FE966E0C59C8012E" author="Oersted" box="[264,432,1087,1113]" pageId="32" pageNumber="48" refString="Oersted (1857) Efter at nogle Skrive eller Trykfeil ere rettede, lyder Diagnosen saaledes. Skand. Naturforsk, 7 de Mode i Christiana, Forhandlung, 202 - 203." type="journal article" year="1857">Oersted, 1857</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; =
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB2FB42FE4A6E0C5BD3012E" authority="A.H. Clark, 1934" authorityName="A.H. Clark" authorityYear="1934" box="[468,939,1087,1113]" class="Crinoidea" family="Isocrinidae" genus="Diplocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="carolinae">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FE4A6E0C5AAE012F" box="[468,726,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Diplocrinus carolinae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB2FB42FD436E0C5BD3012E" author="Clark" box="[733,939,1087,1113]" pageId="32" pageNumber="46" refString="Clark A. H. (1934) Two new crinoids. Report on the collections obtained by the first Johnson- Smithsonian deep-sea expedition to the Puerto Rican deep. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, Washington, 91, 4, 1 - 5." type="journal article" year="1934">A.H. Clark, 1934</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; =
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB2FB42FC506E0C59EF01F6" authority="H.L. Clark, 1941" authorityName="H.L. Clark" authorityYear="1941" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Endoxocrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="prionodes">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FC506E0C5C95012F" box="[974,1261,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Endoxocrinus prionodes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB2FB42FB6B6E0C59EF01F6" author="Clark" pageId="32" pageNumber="46" refString="Clark H. L. (1941) Reports on the scientific results of the Atlantis expeditions to the West Indies under the joint auspices of the University of Havana and Harvard University. Memorias del Sociedad Cubana de Historia Natural &quot; Felipe Poey &quot;, 15, 1, 1 - 154." type="journal article" year="1941">H.L. Clark, 1941</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<paragraph id="CE6DF076FFB2FB42FE966E845A710056" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<table id="BCD202D6FFB2049DFE966E845D530056" box="[264,1323,1207,1313]" colsContinueFrom="32.[264,1323,284,390]" gridcols="10" gridrows="3" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<tr id="70E2F234FFB2049DFE966E845D5301A7" box="[264,1323,1207,1232]" gridrow="0" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
<th id="33339B48FFB2049DFE966E845A1E01A7" box="[264,614,1207,1232]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FE966E8459E901A7" box="[264,401,1207,1232]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Occurrence</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="70E2F234FFB2049DFE966EEC5D53018E" box="[264,1323,1247,1273]" gridrow="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<th id="33339B48FFB2049DFE966EEC5A1E018E" box="[264,614,1247,1273]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Western tropical Atlantic</th>
<td id="33339B48FFB2049DFDED6EEC5AD4018E" box="[627,684,1247,1273]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">from</td>
<td id="33339B48FFB2049DFD266EEC5AA4018E" box="[696,732,1247,1273]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">the</td>
<td id="33339B48FFB2049DFD766EEC5B33018E" box="[744,843,1247,1273]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">northern</td>
<td id="33339B48FFB2049DFCC96EEC5BBB018E" box="[855,963,1247,1273]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Bahamas</td>
<td id="33339B48FFB2049DFC506EEC5B9D018E" box="[974,997,1247,1273]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">to</td>
<td id="33339B48FFB2049DFC6F6EEC5C2E018E" box="[1009,1110,1247,1273]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">southern</td>
<td id="33339B48FFB2049DFBFC6EEC5CC9018E" box="[1122,1201,1247,1273]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Brazil,</td>
<td id="33339B48FFB2049DFB236EEC5CAA018E" box="[1213,1234,1247,1273]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">at</td>
<td id="33339B48FFB2049DFB406EEC5D53018E" box="[1246,1323,1247,1273]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">depths</td>
</tr>
<tr id="70E2F234FFB2049DFE966F345D530056" box="[264,1323,1287,1313]" gridrow="2" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
<th id="33339B48FFB2049DFE966F345A1E0056" box="[264,614,1287,1313]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">from 154 m to 832 m.</th>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="86C8A3FDFFB2FB43FE966F64593207E9" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="CE6DF076FFB2FB42FE966F6459160007" blockId="32.[264,1324,1367,1873]" box="[264,366,1367,1392]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FE966F6459160007" box="[264,366,1367,1392]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE6DF076FFB2FB43FEA66F4C5BA804F1" blockId="32.[264,1324,1367,1873]" lastBlockId="33.[264,1325,284,670]" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
The original specimen of
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB2FB42FDE96F4C5A9400EF" box="[631,748,1407,1432]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Endoxocrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="parrae">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FDE96F4C5A9400EF" box="[631,748,1407,1432]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">E. parrae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is lost. It was originally briefly described and illustrated as “Palma animal” by
<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB2FB42FD026F945B4E00B6" author="Parra" box="[668,822,1447,1473]" pageId="32" pageNumber="49" refString="Parra A. (1787) Decripcion de differentes piezas de historia natural las mas del ramo maritimo, representadas en sententa y cinco laminas, Cuba, 191 pp." type="book" year="1787">Parra (1787)</bibRefCitation>
. Gervais (
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FC286F945BB500B7" box="[950,973,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">in</emphasis>
Guérin 1835, Pl. 147, fig.1) translated Parra’s description, reproduced his figure, and renamed it
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB2FB42FBC26FFC5D5B009F" box="[1116,1315,1487,1512]" class="Crinoidea" family="Encrinidae" genus="Encrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Encrinida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="parrae">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FBC26FFC5D5B009F" box="[1116,1315,1487,1512]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Encrinus parrae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB2FB42FE966FC459940366" author="Clark" box="[264,492,1527,1553]" pageId="32" pageNumber="46" refString="Clark A. H. (1908 a) The crinoid genus Comatula Lamarck, with a note on the Encrinus parrae of Guerin. Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum, 33, 1585, 683 - 688." type="journal article" year="1908" yearSuffix="a">A.H. Clark (1908a)</bibRefCitation>
considered it to be the same species as
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB2FB42FC5F6FC45CD30367" box="[961,1195,1527,1552]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Pentacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mulleri">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FC5F6FC45CD30367" box="[961,1195,1527,1552]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Pentacrinus mülleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, described by
<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB2FB42FEB06C2C5998034E" author="Oersted" box="[302,480,1567,1593]" pageId="32" pageNumber="48" refString="Oersted (1857) Efter at nogle Skrive eller Trykfeil ere rettede, lyder Diagnosen saaledes. Skand. Naturforsk, 7 de Mode i Christiana, Forhandlung, 202 - 203." type="journal article" year="1857">Oërsted (1857)</bibRefCitation>
and finely figured by
<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB2FB42FD746C2C5BEF034E" author="Lutken" box="[746,919,1567,1593]" pageId="32" pageNumber="47" refString="Lutken C. (1865) On Vestindiens Pentacriner, med nogle Bemaerkninger om Pentacriner og Solilier i Almindelighed. Videnskabelige Meddellser gra den Danske naturhistorisk Forening i Kjobenhavn, 13 - 16, 195 - 245." type="book chapter" year="1865">Lütken (1865)</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB2FB42FC3D6C2C5CF2034E" author="Clark" box="[931,1162,1567,1593]" pageId="32" pageNumber="46" refString="Clark A. H. (1908 b) Two new crinoid genera. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 21, 149 - 152." type="journal article" year="1908" yearSuffix="b">A.H. Clark (1908b)</bibRefCitation>
subsequently designated
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB2FB42FE0C6C745A210317" box="[402,601,1607,1632]" class="Crinoidea" family="Encrinidae" genus="Encrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Encrinida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="parrae">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FE0C6C745A210317" box="[402,601,1607,1632]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Encrinus parrae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the
<typeStatus id="11694ED4FFB2FB42FD256C745A960316" box="[699,750,1607,1633]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">type</typeStatus>
species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB2FB42FB9C6C745CDD0317" box="[1026,1189,1607,1632]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Endoxocrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FB9C6C745CDD0317" box="[1026,1189,1607,1632]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Endoxocrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, Roux (1978, 1981) and David (1998) thought that Parra’s specimen was too poorly described and figured to identify it with Oërsted’s
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FCC26CA45BB203C7" box="[860,970,1687,1712]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">P. m ü l l e r i</emphasis>
. So, Roux (1978, 1981) gave priority to the genus
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB2FB42FD876C8C5BF003AE" authority="Doderlein 1912" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1912" box="[537,904,1727,1753]" class="Crinoidea" family="Isocrinidae" genus="Diplocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FD876C8C5ADD03AF" box="[537,677,1727,1752]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Diplocrinus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB2FB42FD226C8C5B0703AE" author="Doderlein" box="[700,895,1727,1753]" pageId="32" pageNumber="47" refString="Doderlein L. (1912) Die gestielten Crinoiden der deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. Wissenschaftl. E rgebnisse deutsche Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer &quot; Valvidia &quot; (1898 - 1899), Gustav Fisher (Ed.) Jena, 17, 1, 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1912">Döderlein 1912</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, treating it
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB2FB42FBBD6C8C5CD903AF" box="[1059,1185,1727,1752]" class="Crinoidea" family="Isocrinidae" genus="Diplocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subSpecies" species="sensu" subSpecies="lato">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FBBD6C8C5CD903AF" box="[1059,1185,1727,1752]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">sensu lato</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to include
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB2FB42FE966CD459D30277" box="[264,427,1767,1792]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Endoxocrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FE966CD459D30277" box="[264,427,1767,1792]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Endoxocrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB2FB42FE256CD45A3F0277" box="[443,583,1767,1792]" class="Crinoidea" family="Isocrinidae" genus="Diplocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FE256CD45A3F0277" box="[443,583,1767,1792]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Diplocrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB2FB42FD1D6CD45B800276" authority="Clark (1923)" authorityName="Clark" authorityYear="1923" box="[643,1016,1767,1793]" class="Crinoidea" family="Isselicrinidae" genus="Annacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FD1D6CD45B2C0277" box="[643,852,1767,1792]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Annacrinus sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB2FB42FCC26CD45B800276" author="Clark" box="[860,1016,1767,1793]" pageId="32" pageNumber="46" refString="Clark A. H. (1923) A revision of the recent representatives of the crinoid family Pentacrinidae, with the diagnoses of two new genera. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 13, 1, 8 - 12." type="journal article" year="1923">Clark (1923)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. David (1998) considered
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB2FB42FE966D3C592F025F" box="[264,343,1807,1832]" class="Crinoidea" family="Encrinidae" genus="Encrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Encrinida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="parrae">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FE966D3C592F025F" box="[264,343,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">parrae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as invalid and designated
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB2FB42FD096D3C5B9F025E" authority="Oersted" authorityName="Oersted" box="[663,999,1807,1833]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Pentacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mulleri">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FD096D3C5BFB025F" box="[663,899,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Pentacrinus mülleri</emphasis>
Oërsted
</taxonomicName>
as the new
<typeStatus id="11694ED4FFB2FB42FBE76D3C5CD4025E" box="[1145,1196,1807,1833]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">type</typeStatus>
species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB2FB42FE186D045A510227" box="[390,553,1847,1872]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Endoxocrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB2FB42FE186D045A510227" box="[390,553,1847,1872]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Endoxocrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, an arrangement followed by
<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB2FB42FC076D045C050226" box="[921,1149,1847,1873]" pageId="32" pageNumber="49" refString="Roux M., Messing C. G. &amp; Ameziane N. (2002) Artificial keys to the genera of living stalked crinoids (Echinodermata). Bulletin of Marine Science, 70, 3, 799 - 830." type="journal article">Roux et al. (2002)</bibRefCitation>
. However, the strongly endotomous arm branching of Oërsted’s specimen was not conspicuous in Parra’s specimen, which may have been morphologically intermediate between
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB3FB43FB026B775C89042A" box="[1180,1265,324,349]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Pentacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mulleri">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB3FB43FB026B775C89042A" box="[1180,1265,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">mülleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB3FB43FE966B5F590504F2" box="[264,381,364,389]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Endoxocrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="prionodes">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB3FB43FE966B5F590504F2" box="[264,381,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">prionodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; both of which occur in the
<typeStatus id="11694ED4FFB3FB43FD576B5F5A8304F1" box="[713,763,364,390]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">type</typeStatus>
locality off
<collectingCountry id="B6C5B0E6FFB3FB43FC146B5F5BB404F1" box="[906,972,364,390]" name="Cuba" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Cuba</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE6DF076FFB3FB43FEA66BA7593207E9" blockId="33.[264,1325,284,670]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
In the face of this confusion, and in order to maintain the species name
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB3FB43FB1A6BA75CAC04DA" box="[1156,1236,404,429]" class="Crinoidea" family="Encrinidae" genus="Encrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Encrinida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="parrae">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB3FB43FB1A6BA75CAC04DA" box="[1156,1236,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">parrae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which has seen broad use in modern ecological and taphonomic studies (e.g., Meyer et al. 1978;
<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB3FB43FE966BD759CB0489" author="Messing" box="[264,435,484,510]" pageId="33" pageNumber="48" refString="Messing C. G. (1985) Submersible observations of deep-water crinoid assemblages in the tropical western Atlantic Ocean. In: Keegan, B. F. &amp; O'Connor, B. D. S. (Ed.), Echinodermata, A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam, 185 - 193." type="book chapter" year="1985">Messing 1985</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB3FB43FE5A6BD75A760489" author="Messing" box="[452,526,484,510]" pageId="33" pageNumber="48" refString="Messing C. G. (1994 a) Crinoid meadows of the West Indies: distribution, response to flow, disarticulation, sediment production and taphonomy. In: David, B., Guille, A., Feral, J. P. &amp; Roux, M. (Ed.), Echinoderms through Time. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam, 245." type="book chapter" year="1994" yearSuffix="a">1994a</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB3FB43FD816BD75BFB0489" author="Messing" box="[543,899,484,510]" pageId="33" pageNumber="48" refString="Messing C. G. &amp; Lewellyn G. (1991) Variations in posture, morphology and distribution relative to current flow and topography in an assemblage of living stalked crinoids. Geological Society of America, Annual Meeting, Abstracts, 23, 5, 343 - 344." type="journal article" year="1991">Messing and Llewellyn 1991</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB3FB43FC0C6BD75C8F0489" author="Llewellyn" box="[914,1271,484,510]" pageId="33" pageNumber="47" refString="Llewellyn G. &amp; Messing C. G. (1993) Compositional and taphonomic variations in modern crinoidrich sediments from the deep-water margin of a carbonate bank. Palaios, 8, 554 - 573." type="journal article" year="1993">Llewellyn and Messing 1993</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB3FB43FA996BD7593E0751" author="Oji" pageId="33" pageNumber="49" refString="Oji T. (1996) Is predation intensity reduced with increasing depth? Evidence from the west Atlantic stalked crinoid Endoxocrinus parrae (Gervais) and implications for the Mesozoic marine revolution. Paleobiology, 22, 3: 339 - 351." type="journal article" year="1996">Oji 1996</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB3FB43FECA683F5AED0751" author="Baumiller" box="[340,661,524,550]" pageId="33" pageNumber="46" refString="Baumiller, T. K. &amp; Rome, E. F. (1998) The interference avoidance hypothesis and the spatial distribution of Endoxocrinus parrae (Crinoidea, Echinodermata). In Mooi, R. &amp; Telford, M. (Ed.), Echinoderms: San Francisco. Balkema, Rotterdam, 133 - 137." type="book chapter" year="1998">Baumiller and Rome 1998</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB3FB43FD3A683F5BBF0751" author="Featherstone" box="[676,967,524,550]" pageId="33" pageNumber="47" refString="Featherstone, C. M., Messing, C. G. &amp; McClintock, J. B. (1998) Dietary composition of two bathyal stalked crinoids: Neocrinus decorus and Endoxocrinus parrae (Echinodermata: Crinoidea: Isocrinidae). In: Mooi, R. &amp; Telford, M. (Ed.) Echinoderms: San Francisco. Balkema, Rotterdam, 155 - 160." type="book chapter" year="1998">Featherstone et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
), we here designate Oërsted’s specimen of
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB3FB43FE3268075AE4073A" box="[428,668,564,589]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Pentacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mulleri">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB3FB43FE3268075AE4073A" box="[428,668,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Pentacrinus mülleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the
<typeStatus id="11694ED4FFB3FB43FC9D68075B180739" box="[771,864,564,590]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB3FB43FC0A68075C74073A" box="[916,1036,564,589]" class="Crinoidea" family="Encrinidae" genus="Encrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Encrinida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="parrae">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB3FB43FC0A68075C74073A" box="[916,1036,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">E. parrae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Consequently,
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB3FB43FB4868075D53073A" box="[1238,1323,564,589]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Pentacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mulleri">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB3FB43FB4868075D53073A" box="[1238,1323,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">mülleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
becomes a junior objective synonym of
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB3FB43FC9E686F5B280702" box="[768,848,604,629]" class="Crinoidea" family="Encrinidae" genus="Encrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Encrinida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="parrae">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB3FB43FC9E686F5B280702" box="[768,848,604,629]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">parrae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the genus
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB3FB43FB80686F5CB90702" box="[1054,1217,604,629]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Endoxocrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB3FB43FB80686F5CB90702" box="[1054,1217,604,629]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Endoxocrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
remains valid.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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