202 lines
20 KiB
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202 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.990.55542" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1cede2a7-3880-480c-8401-1015e5440145" ID-PMC="PMC7674391" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-990-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="9F51F78CD53F5005A305DE65494002C4" ID-PubMed="33269011" ID-ZooBank="7B73642C278D40F89091B26213C9A704" ModsDocID="1313-2970-990-1" checkinTime="1605112396458" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Shimizu, So, Broad, Gavin R. & Maeto, Kaoru" docDate="2020" docId="EB941790C1A45501A0930CD6EABACDA7" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 990: 1-144" docOrigin="ZooKeys 990" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.990.55542" docTitle="Enicospilus xanthocephalus Cameron 1905" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="9F51F78CD53F5005A305DE65494002C4" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="9F51F78CD53F5005A305DE65494002C4" masterDocTitle="Integrative taxonomy and analysis of species richness patterns of nocturnal Darwin wasps of the genus Enicospilus Stephens (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ophioninae) in Japan" masterLastPageNumber="144" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668169845364" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Integrative taxonomy and analysis of species richness patterns of nocturnal Darwin wasps of the genus Enicospilus Stephens (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ophioninae) in Japan</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Shimizu, So</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratory of Insect Biodiversity and Ecosystem Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodaicho 1 - 1, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657 - 8501, Japan & DC and Overseas Challenge Program for Young Researchers, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan & Depertment of Life Sciences, the Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5202-4552</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">parasitoidwasp.sou@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Broad, Gavin R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Depertment of Life Sciences, the Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-5333</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Maeto, Kaoru</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratory of Insect Biodiversity and Ecosystem Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodaicho 1 - 1, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657 - 8501, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>990</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>144</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.990.55542</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.990.55542</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-990-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">7B73642C278D40F89091B26213C9A704</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">9F51F78CD53F5005A305DE65494002C4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="170296354" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EB941790C1A45501A0930CD6EABACDA7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EB941790C1A45501A0930CD6EABACDA7" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="EB941790-C1A4-5501-A093-0CD6EABACDA7" authority="Cameron, 1905" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus xanthocephalus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xanthocephalus">Enicospilus xanthocephalus Cameron, 1905</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 52" captionStartId="F52" captionText="Figure 52. Enicospilus xanthocephalus Cameron, 1905 ♀ from Japan A habitus B head, frontal view C head, dorsal view D head, lateral view E mesosoma, lateral view F central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.990.55542.figure52" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473818" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 52</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Eniscospilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eniscospilus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eniscospilus</taxonomicName>
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(sic)
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Eniscospilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="xanthocephalus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xanthocephalus">xanthocephalus</taxonomicName>
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Cameron, 1905a: 122; HT ♀ from Sri Lanka, NHMUK, examined.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chiu" authorityYear="1954" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus bullatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bullatus">Enicospilus bullatus</taxonomicName>
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Chiu, 1954: 53; HT ♀ from Taiwan, TARI, examined; synonymised by
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<bibRefCitation author="Gauld, ID" journalOrPublisher="CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B41" refString="Gauld, ID, Mitchell, PA, 1981. The taxonomy, distribution and host preferences of Indo-Papuan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae. CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London" title="The taxonomy, distribution and host preferences of Indo-Papuan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae." year="1981">Gauld and Mitchell (1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 210).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Morley" baseAuthorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus obliquus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obliquus">Enicospilus obliquus</taxonomicName>
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Chiu, 1954: 54; HT ♂ from Taiwan, TARI, examined; junior secondary homonym of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Morley" baseAuthorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus obliquus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obliquus">Enicospilus obliquus</taxonomicName>
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(Morley, 1912); synonymised by
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<bibRefCitation author="Gauld, ID" journalOrPublisher="CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B41" refString="Gauld, ID, Mitchell, PA, 1981. The taxonomy, distribution and host preferences of Indo-Papuan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae. CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London" title="The taxonomy, distribution and host preferences of Indo-Papuan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae." year="1981">Gauld and Mitchell (1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 210).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Townes, Townes & Gupta" authorityYear="1961" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus clinatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clinatus">Enicospilus clinatus</taxonomicName>
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Townes, Townes and Gupta, 1961: 272; replacement name for
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Morley" baseAuthorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus obliquus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obliquus">Enicospilus obliquus</taxonomicName>
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Chiu, 1954.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enlcospilus" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enlcospilus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">Enlcospilus</taxonomicName>
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(sic) (
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<taxonomicName authority="' ata" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Bicorn" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bicorn" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">Bicorn 'ata</taxonomicName>
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) (sic)
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">paraclinatus</emphasis>
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Nikam, 1975: 198; HT ♂ from India, MUC, not examined; synonymised by
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.1980.10433632" author="Nikam, PK" journalOrPublisher="Oriental Insect" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="131 - 219" refId="B107" refString="Nikam, PK, 1980. Studies on Indian species of Enicospilus Stephens (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Oriental Insect 14: 131 - 219, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.1980.10433632" title="Studies on Indian species of Enicospilus Stephens (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.1980.10433632" volume="14" year="1980">Nikam (1980)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gauld" authorityYear="1977" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus pexus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pexus">Enicospilus pexus</taxonomicName>
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Gauld, 1977: 57, 86; HT ♀ from Australia, ANIC, not examined; synonymised by
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<bibRefCitation author="Gauld, ID" journalOrPublisher="CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B41" refString="Gauld, ID, Mitchell, PA, 1981. The taxonomy, distribution and host preferences of Indo-Papuan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae. CAB: Slough / Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London" title="The taxonomy, distribution and host preferences of Indo-Papuan parasitic wasps of the subfamily Ophioninae." year="1981">Gauld and Mitchell (1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 211).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Total of 123 specimens (103♀♀19♂♂ and 1 unsexed): Brunei (3♀♀), India (83♀♀5♂♂), Japan (7♀♀9♂♂), Philippines (1♀), Sri Lanka (3♀♀), Taiwan (6♀♀5♂♂ and 1 unsexed).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Type series: HT ♀ of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Eniscospilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eniscospilus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Eniscospilus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(sic)
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Eniscospilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="xanthocephalus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xanthocephalus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">xanthocephalus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Cameron, 1905, Peradeniya, Ceylon, SRI LANKA, VI.1902, P. Cameron leg. (NHMUK, Type 3b.1236); HT ♀ of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chiu" authorityYear="1954" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus bullatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bullatus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Enicospilus bullatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Chiu, 1954, Kanshirei, TAIWAN, 19.XI.1928, J. Sonan leg. (TARI); HT ♂ of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Morley" baseAuthorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus obliquus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obliquus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Enicospilus obliquus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Chiu, 1954, Kuraru, TAIWAN, 12-15.III.1931, T. Shiraki leg. (TARI).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Australasian and Oriental regions (
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<bibRefCitation author="Yu, DSK" journalOrPublisher="Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="www.taxapad.com" refId="B199" refString="Yu, DSK, van Achterberg, C, Horstmann, K, 2016. Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015 Database on flash-drive. Nepean, Ontario, Canada. www.taxapad.com" title="Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015 Database on flash-drive. Nepean, Ontario, Canada." url="www.taxapad.com" year="2016">Yu et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
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); this is a predominantly Oriental species.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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JAPAN: [
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ryûkyûs">Ryukyus</normalizedToken>
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] Kagoshima (
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<bibRefCitation author="Shimizu, S" journalOrPublisher="Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="203 - 207" refId="B148" refString="Shimizu, S, Maeto, K, 2016. Three Oriental species of the genus Enicospilus Stephens (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Ophioninae) newly recorded from Japan. Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology 22: 203 - 207" title="Three Oriental species of the genus Enicospilus Stephens (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Ophioninae) newly recorded from Japan." volume="22" year="2016">Shimizu and Maeto 2016</bibRefCitation>
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; present study) and Okinawa (
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<bibRefCitation author="Shimizu, S" journalOrPublisher="Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="203 - 207" refId="B148" refString="Shimizu, S, Maeto, K, 2016. Three Oriental species of the genus Enicospilus Stephens (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Ophioninae) newly recorded from Japan. Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology 22: 203 - 207" title="Three Oriental species of the genus Enicospilus Stephens (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Ophioninae) newly recorded from Japan." volume="22" year="2016">Shimizu and Maeto 2016</bibRefCitation>
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; present study).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="bionomics">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bionomics.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">No Japanese rearings. A range of hosts have been recorded in the literature, with some looking more reliable than others.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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This species is sometimes confused with
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<taxonomicName lsidName="E. flavocephalus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="flavocephalus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. flavocephalus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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because their body size, general colour, body shape, etc., are very similar, as in Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Enicospilus flavocephalus (Kirby, 1900) ♀ from Japan A habitus B head, frontal view C head, dorsal view D head, lateral view E mesosoma, lateral view F central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.990.55542.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473783" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17</figureCitation>
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and
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 52" captionStartId="F52" captionText="Figure 52. Enicospilus xanthocephalus Cameron, 1905 ♀ from Japan A habitus B head, frontal view C head, dorsal view D head, lateral view E mesosoma, lateral view F central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.990.55542.figure52" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473818" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">52</figureCitation>
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. However,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="E. xanthocephalus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="xanthocephalus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. xanthocephalus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is easily distinguished by the black interocellar area (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 52" captionStartId="F52" captionText="Figure 52. Enicospilus xanthocephalus Cameron, 1905 ♀ from Japan A habitus B head, frontal view C head, dorsal view D head, lateral view E mesosoma, lateral view F central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.990.55542.figure52" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473818" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">52B, C</figureCitation>
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), shape of fore wing veins and sclerites (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 52" captionStartId="F52" captionText="Figure 52. Enicospilus xanthocephalus Cameron, 1905 ♀ from Japan A habitus B head, frontal view C head, dorsal view D head, lateral view E mesosoma, lateral view F central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.990.55542.figure52" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473818" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">52F</figureCitation>
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), etc. (cf. Differential diagnosis of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="E. flavocephalus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="flavocephalus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. flavocephalus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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for details). The significantly large value of AI (more than 2.0) is also characteristic of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="E. xanthocephalus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="xanthocephalus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. xanthocephalus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and helps identification.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.990.55542.figure52" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/473818" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 52" startId="F52">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 52.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus xanthocephalus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xanthocephalus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Enicospilus xanthocephalus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Cameron, 1905 ♀ from Japan
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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habitus
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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head, frontal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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head, dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
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head, lateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
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mesosoma, lateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
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central part of fore wing.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |