263 lines
23 KiB
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263 lines
23 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.80.57667" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a30cfe7a-c4c7-4e29-9604-b88c22fcf9a6" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-80-17" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BC9862E78C915A73997AB434B66289A7" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4420636" ID-ZooBank="FD8BC43C0B59414F98CD4EFE287139F7" ModsDocID="1314-2607-80-17" checkinTime="1609325121326" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kang, Gyu-Won, Kolarov, Janko & Lee, Jong-Wook" docDate="2020" docId="90677744C78C57C788441891F46EE542" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 80: 17-30" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 80" docPubDate="2020-12-29" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.80.57667" docTitle="Syzeuctus takaozanus Uchida 1928" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="BC9862E78C915A73997AB434B66289A7" lastPageNumber="17" masterDocId="BC9862E78C915A73997AB434B66289A7" masterDocTitle="Review of the genus Syzeuctus (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Banchinae) from South Korea" masterLastPageNumber="30" masterPageNumber="17" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1678754899092" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Review of the genus Syzeuctus (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Banchinae) from South Korea</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kang, Gyu-Won</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kolarov, Janko</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Faculty of Pedagogy, University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lee, Jong-Wook</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8684-3935</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Georim Entomological Institute, Nature And People Co., Ltd, Daegu, South Korea</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jwlee1@ynu.ac.kr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2020-12-29</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>80</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>17</mods:start>
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<mods:end>30</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.80.57667</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.80.57667</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-80-17</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">FD8BC43C0B59414F98CD4EFE287139F7</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">BC9862E78C915A73997AB434B66289A7</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">4420636</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<subSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="taxonomy">
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="176345182" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:90677744C78C57C788441891F46EE542" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/90677744C78C57C788441891F46EE542" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="545JL" LSID="90677744-C78C-57C7-8844-1891F46EE542" authority="Uchida, 1928" authorityName="Uchida" authorityYear="1928" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Syzeuctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Syzeuctus takaozanus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takaozanus">Syzeuctus takaozanus Uchida, 1928</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Syzeuctus takaozanus Uchida, male A habitus in lateral view B head in frontal view C head in dorsal view D thorax in lateral view E propodeum in dorsal view F first tergite in dorsal view G wings (left) H abdomen in dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A), 0.2 mm (B-F), 0.5 mm (G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.80.57667.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/490219" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Uchida" authorityYear="1928" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Syzeuctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Syzeuctus takaozanus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takaozanus">Syzeuctus takaozanus</taxonomicName>
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Uchida, 1928: 95. Lectotype: ♀, TL: Japan, TD: HU.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Male.</emphasis>
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Body 13.0 mm in length. Fore wing 8.0 mm in length (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Syzeuctus takaozanus Uchida, male A habitus in lateral view B head in frontal view C head in dorsal view D thorax in lateral view E propodeum in dorsal view F first tergite in dorsal view G wings (left) H abdomen in dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A), 0.2 mm (B-F), 0.5 mm (G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.80.57667.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/490219" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">4A</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Head</emphasis>
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in dorsal view flat with temple narrowed at an angle of about 45°, round (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Syzeuctus takaozanus Uchida, male A habitus in lateral view B head in frontal view C head in dorsal view D thorax in lateral view E propodeum in dorsal view F first tergite in dorsal view G wings (left) H abdomen in dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A), 0.2 mm (B-F), 0.5 mm (G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.80.57667.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/490219" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">4C</figureCitation>
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). Face convex, densely and coarsely punctate, without swelling. Clypeus flat, with long and thin setae, apically convex (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Syzeuctus takaozanus Uchida, male A habitus in lateral view B head in frontal view C head in dorsal view D thorax in lateral view E propodeum in dorsal view F first tergite in dorsal view G wings (left) H abdomen in dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A), 0.2 mm (B-F), 0.5 mm (G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.80.57667.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/490219" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">4B</figureCitation>
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); clypeal fovea open. Mandible moderately stout, strongly tapered, upper tooth slightly longer than lower tooth; lower ridge not developed. Maxillary palp with five segments. Frons smooth and convex with dense punctures. Vertex more sparsely and finely punctate than face. Occipital carina complete, slightly sinuous, joining hypostomal carina at mandibular base. Temple polished and convex with fine punctures. Malar space about 0.6 times as long as basal mandibular width. Inner margin of eye parallel. Antenna filiform with 42 flagellomeres; first flagellomere 3.0 times as long as its width, 2.0 times as long as second flagellomere.
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="4420646" doi="10.3897/jhr.80.57667.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/490219" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Figure 4.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Uchida" authorityYear="1928" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Syzeuctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Syzeuctus takaozanus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takaozanus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Syzeuctus takaozanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Uchida, male
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">A</emphasis>
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habitus in lateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">B</emphasis>
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head in frontal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">C</emphasis>
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head in dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">D</emphasis>
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thorax in lateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">E</emphasis>
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propodeum in dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">F</emphasis>
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first tergite in dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">G</emphasis>
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wings (left)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">H</emphasis>
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abdomen in dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">A</emphasis>
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), 0.2 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">B-F</emphasis>
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), 0.5 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">G, H</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Mesosoma</emphasis>
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with dense and short setae (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Syzeuctus takaozanus Uchida, male A habitus in lateral view B head in frontal view C head in dorsal view D thorax in lateral view E propodeum in dorsal view F first tergite in dorsal view G wings (left) H abdomen in dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A), 0.2 mm (B-F), 0.5 mm (G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.80.57667.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/490219" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">4D</figureCitation>
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). Pronotum with punctures entirely, not fused; upper posterior margin hook-shaped. Mesopleuron with epicnemial carina reaching medially; uniformly punctate, except medially where it is polished and impunctate; punctures bigger than on pronotum; postpectal carina absent. Metapleuron with dense punctures. Submetapleural carina complete, anterior half strongly developed. Mesoscutum polished, irregularly densely punctate, notaulus absent. Scutellum, in profile, slightly convex, densely punctate. Propodeum in dorsal view stout; closely punctate with long and dense setae; only posterior transverse carina completely developed; spiracle of propodeum oval. Legs slender. Fore tibial spur sinuate. Fore and mid tarsal claws pectinate. Ratio of hind tarsal segments 4.8:2.5:1.7:1.0:1.3; hind tarsal claw simple. Hind wing with seven hamuli.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Metasoma</emphasis>
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elongate with shallow and dense punctures (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Syzeuctus takaozanus Uchida, male A habitus in lateral view B head in frontal view C head in dorsal view D thorax in lateral view E propodeum in dorsal view F first tergite in dorsal view G wings (left) H abdomen in dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A), 0.2 mm (B-F), 0.5 mm (G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.80.57667.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/490219" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">4H</figureCitation>
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). First tergite 3.1 times as long as posterior width (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Syzeuctus takaozanus Uchida, male A habitus in lateral view B head in frontal view C head in dorsal view D thorax in lateral view E propodeum in dorsal view F first tergite in dorsal view G wings (left) H abdomen in dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A), 0.2 mm (B-F), 0.5 mm (G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.80.57667.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/490219" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">4F</figureCitation>
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), without lateral longitudinal carina. Second tergite coriaceous, 1.6 times as long as posterior width.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Color</emphasis>
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black with yellow marks.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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Head black. Clypeus yellow. Frontal orbit with yellow spot. Genal orbit medially yellow. Antenna brown with black scape and pedicel. Tegula yellow. Upper margin of mesopleuron with yellow longitudinal mark. Mesoscutum with small anterior yellow spot on each side. Scutellum yellow, except black triangular mark anteriorly. Propodeum, in dorsal view, with small yellow spot on each side of anterior part;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="凸-shaped">凸-shaped</normalizedToken>
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yellow mark posteriorly (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Syzeuctus takaozanus Uchida, male A habitus in lateral view B head in frontal view C head in dorsal view D thorax in lateral view E propodeum in dorsal view F first tergite in dorsal view G wings (left) H abdomen in dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A), 0.2 mm (B-F), 0.5 mm (G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.80.57667.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/490219" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">4E</figureCitation>
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). Fore wing infuscate apically (without any spots) (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Syzeuctus takaozanus Uchida, male A habitus in lateral view B head in frontal view C head in dorsal view D thorax in lateral view E propodeum in dorsal view F first tergite in dorsal view G wings (left) H abdomen in dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A), 0.2 mm (B-F), 0.5 mm (G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.80.57667.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/490219" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">4G</figureCitation>
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). Fore leg yellow with brown tarsal claw. Mid leg yellow with black coxa ventrally and tarsal claw. Hind coxa and trochanter black; trochantellus yellow; femur brown; tibia and tarsus yellow with black apically; tarsal claw black.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2007-05-18" collectingDateMax="2007-06-14" collectingDateMin="2007-05-18" collectorName="J. W. Lee" country="South Korea" location="Univ." municipality="Dong-gu" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Daejeon">
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<collectingCountry name="South Korea">South Korea</collectingCountry>
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:
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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, [CN]
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<collectingRegion country="South Korea" name="Daejon">Daejeon</collectingRegion>
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<collectingMunicipality>Dong-gu</collectingMunicipality>
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yongundong
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<collectingRegion country="South Korea" name="Daejon">Daejeon</collectingRegion>
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:90677744C78C57C788441891F46EE542:64E4696C8F89543E5F77258A4A96520D" country="South Korea" municipality="Dong-gu" name="Univ." stateProvince="Daejeon">Univ.</location>
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,
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<collectingDate value="2007-05-18" valueMax="2007-06-14" valueMin="2007-05-18">18 May-14 Jun. 2007</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName>J. W. Lee</collectorName>
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leg.
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2009-06" collectorName="J. W. Lee" country="South Korea" location="Gyeongsansi Daedong Yeungnam Univ." specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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, [GB]
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:90677744C78C57C788441891F46EE542:CC0B2BAED3A5AD13E3F04D90A71367F1" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongsansi Daedong Yeungnam Univ.">Gyeongsansi Daedong Yeungnam Univ.</location>
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, 1125
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<collectingDate value="2009-06">Jun. 2009</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName>J. W. Lee</collectorName>
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leg.
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2007-06" collectorName="J. O. Lim" country="South Korea" location="Kwan-ag" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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, [GG] An-yang-si Man-an-gu
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:90677744C78C57C788441891F46EE542:8ED85B73E96394D7F0D30E697628C614" country="South Korea" name="Kwan-ag">Kwan-ag</location>
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[Arb], 924
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<collectingDate value="2007-06">Jun. 2007</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName>J. O. Lim</collectorName>
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leg
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</materialsCitation>
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..
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2010-07-21" collectorName="J. W. Lee" country="China" location="Yanbian Hunchun" municipality="Jirin" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
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<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
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:
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<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>Jirin</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:90677744C78C57C788441891F46EE542:4494DD1D2B54AF6F13AF62B4E1E70803" country="China" municipality="Jirin" name="Yanbian Hunchun">Yanbian Hunchun</location>
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,
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<collectingDate value="2010-07-21">21 Jul. 2010</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName>J. W. Lee</collectorName>
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leg.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">South Korea (new record), China (Henan, Liaoning), Japan.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="17" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="17">
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The male specimen is newly described based on the Chinese specimen.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Uchida" authorityYear="1928" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Syzeuctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Syzeuctus takaozanus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takaozanus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Syzeuctus takaozanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. sambonis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sambonis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">S. sambonis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are similar because of the entirely black body, and easily distinguished from other
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Syzeuctus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Syzeuctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">Syzeuctus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the complete posterior transverse carina of the propodeum (
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<bibRefCitation author="Sheng, ML" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" refId="B7" refString="Sheng, ML, Sun, SP, Ding, DS, Luo, JG, 2013. Ichneumonid fauna of Jianxi (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) [in Chinese with English summary]. Science Press, Beijing" title="Ichneumonid fauna of Jianxi (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) [in Chinese with English summary]." year="2013">Sheng et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Uchida, T" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 115" refId="B11" refString="Uchida, T, 1928. Dritter Beitrag zur Ichneumoniden-Fauna Japans. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University 25: 1 - 115" title="Dritter Beitrag zur Ichneumoniden-Fauna Japans." volume="25" year="1928">Uchida 1928</bibRefCitation>
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). These two species are easily distinguished from each other by the color of the face: female
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. takaozanus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takaozanus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">S. takaozanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has an entirely black face, while
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. sambonis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sambonis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">S. sambonis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has a yellow face with a black spot (
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<bibRefCitation author="Sheng, ML" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" refId="B7" refString="Sheng, ML, Sun, SP, Ding, DS, Luo, JG, 2013. Ichneumonid fauna of Jianxi (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) [in Chinese with English summary]. Science Press, Beijing" title="Ichneumonid fauna of Jianxi (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) [in Chinese with English summary]." year="2013">Sheng et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
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). Furthermore, these two species differs by the presence (
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. sambonis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sambonis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">S. sambonis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) or absence (
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. takaozanus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takaozanus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">S. takaozanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) of the pleural carina. By these characters, females and males of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. takaozanus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takaozanus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">S. takaozanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are easily associated. Unlike the male, the female of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. takaozanus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takaozanus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="17">S. takaozanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has an entirely black body and weakly infuscate wings apically.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</subSection>
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</document> |