310 lines
40 KiB
XML
310 lines
40 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e72464" ID-PMC="PMC8460591" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828-9-e72464" ID-Pensoft-UUID="899BE9532BDC557FAC705DB0AC18B596" ID-PubMed="34616215" ID-ZooBank="2EB08E9B13A6459BA2BE450F2D4AB81F" ModsDocID="1314-2828-9-e72464" checkinTime="1631884249973" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lu, Ying, Yang, Fan & He, Qiaoqiao" docDate="2021" docId="816556D7FC865173A04F89780DCF1A36" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 9: e72464" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 9" docPubDate="2021-09-16" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e72464" docTitle="Pholcus maxian Lu & Yang & He 2021, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="8A2D135A-502A-4377-862E-8877912805C3" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="3" id="899BE9532BDC557FAC705DB0AC18B596" lastPageNumber="72464" masterDocId="899BE9532BDC557FAC705DB0AC18B596" masterDocTitle="Pholcus maxian sp. nov., the fifth endemic spider species of Pholcus phungiformes species-group (Araneae: Pholcidae) at the border between Jilin, China and North Korea" masterLastPageNumber="72464" masterPageNumber="72464" pageNumber="72464" updateTime="1668126334818" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Pholcus maxian sp. nov., the fifth endemic spider species of Pholcus phungiformes species-group (Araneae: Pholcidae) at the border between Jilin, China and North Korea</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lu, Ying</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Yang, Fan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>He, Qiaoqiao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">heqq@synu.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-09-16</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>9</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>72464</mods:start>
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<mods:end>72464</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e72464</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e72464</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2828-9-e72464</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">2EB08E9B13A6459BA2BE450F2D4AB81F</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">899BE9532BDC557FAC705DB0AC18B596</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8A2D135A-502A-4377-862E-8877912805C3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/816556D7FC865173A04F89780DCF1A36" lastPageNumber="72464" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="72464" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">
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<taxonomicName LSID="816556D7-FC86-5173-A04F-89780DCF1A36" authority="Lu & Yang & He, 2021" authorityName="Lu & Yang & He" authorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pholcus maxian" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxian" status="sp. n.">Pholcus maxian</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="72464" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">Materials</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectingMethod="by hand" collectorName="Zhiyuan Yao" country="China" county="Occurrence" elevation="0" latitude="41.073833" location="Taxon" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="126.106834" municipality="Zhiyuan Yao" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Jilin" typeStatus="Holotype">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">Type status:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectingMethod="by hand" collectorName="Zhiyuan Yao" country="China" county="Occurrence" elevation="0" latitude="41.073833" location="Taxon" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="126.106834" municipality="Zhiyuan Yao" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Jilin" typeStatus="Holotype">
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<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">
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<collectingCounty>Occurrence</collectingCounty>
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:
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||
</emphasis>
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||
recordedBy:
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<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">
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<collectingMunicipality>Zhiyuan Yao</collectingMunicipality>
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</collectorName>
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; individualCount:
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<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="72464" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
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; sex:
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<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">male</specimenType>
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; lifeStage:
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<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">adult</specimenType>
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;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:816556D7FC865173A04F89780DCF1A36:3B6F6FBA5016C81A79D6BC5BCAFE2251" country="China" county="Occurrence" latitude="41.073833" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="126.106834" municipality="Zhiyuan Yao" name="Taxon" stateProvince="Jilin">Taxon</location>
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:
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||
</emphasis>
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order:
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:816556D7FC865173A04F89780DCF1A36:9DF33D303109EAFF3B0F91921AC187AC" country="China" county="Occurrence" latitude="41.073833" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="126.106834" municipality="Zhiyuan Yao" name="Araneae" stateProvince="Jilin">Araneae</location>
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; family:
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:816556D7FC865173A04F89780DCF1A36:0BF7B393B0037BB52A37C1708E6CDF2D" country="China" county="Occurrence" latitude="41.073833" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="126.106834" municipality="Zhiyuan Yao" name="Pholcidae" stateProvince="Jilin">Pholcidae</location>
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||
; genus:
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:816556D7FC865173A04F89780DCF1A36:1DF65CF50C896AF3E81F8977EE3DCC44" country="China" county="Occurrence" latitude="41.073833" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="126.106834" municipality="Zhiyuan Yao" name="Pholcus" stateProvince="Jilin">Pholcus</location>
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;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:816556D7FC865173A04F89780DCF1A36:3AC3AB6FDB617F0007595C7742C51CB4" country="China" county="Occurrence" latitude="41.073833" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="126.106834" municipality="Zhiyuan Yao" name="Location" stateProvince="Jilin">Location</location>
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:
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||
</emphasis>
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country:
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<collectingCountry name="China" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">China</collectingCountry>
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; stateProvince:
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<collectingRegion country="China" name="Jilin">Jilin</collectingRegion>
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; municipality:
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:816556D7FC865173A04F89780DCF1A36:D1FF49F9B98F85F0DD0142993842493B" country="China" county="Occurrence" latitude="41.073833" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="126.106834" municipality="Zhiyuan Yao" name="Tonghua" stateProvince="Jilin">Tonghua</location>
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,
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||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ji’an">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:816556D7FC865173A04F89780DCF1A36:122B7E727F7BF75A7F9297DA19654C13" country="China" county="Occurrence" latitude="41.073833" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="126.106834" municipality="Zhiyuan Yao" name="Ji'an" stateProvince="Jilin">Ji'an</location>
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||
</normalizedToken>
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||
; locality:
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:816556D7FC865173A04F89780DCF1A36:69A8BFEA3812F4913C26CBFA3E7FB63C" country="China" county="Occurrence" latitude="41.073833" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="126.106834" municipality="Zhiyuan Yao" name="Maxian Town" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464" stateProvince="Jilin">Maxian Town</location>
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; verbatimLocality:
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:816556D7FC865173A04F89780DCF1A36:81DE647A2D84A9B621AEDA3269D03B9E" country="China" county="Occurrence" latitude="41.073833" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="126.106834" municipality="Zhiyuan Yao" name="Shanghuolong Village" stateProvince="Jilin">Shanghuolong Village</location>
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||
, roadside of G331; verbatimElevation:
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||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.13" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464" unit="m" value="213.0">
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||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.13" unit="m" value="213.0">213 m</quantity>
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||
a.s.l.
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||
</elevation>
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||
; verbatimLatitude:
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||
<geoCoordinate degrees="41" direction="north" minutes="4.43" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="41.073833">41°4.43'N</geoCoordinate>
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||
; verbatimLongitude:
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||
<geoCoordinate degrees="126" direction="east" minutes="6.41" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="126.106834">126°6.41'E</geoCoordinate>
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||
;
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||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">Event:</emphasis>
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||
samplingProtocol:
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||
<collectingMethod pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">by hand</collectingMethod>
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||
; year: 2020; month: 6; day: 27;
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||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">Record Level:</emphasis>
|
||
institutionCode: SYNU-Ar00141
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||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectingMethod="by hand" collectorName="Zhiyuan Yao" country="China" county="Occurrence" elevation="0" latitude="41.073833" location="Taxon" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="126.106834" municipality="Zhiyuan Yao" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-adult="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Jilin" typeStatus="Paratype">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">Type status:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectingMethod="by hand" collectorName="Zhiyuan Yao" country="China" county="Occurrence" elevation="0" latitude="41.073833" location="Taxon" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="126.106834" municipality="Zhiyuan Yao" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-adult="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Jilin" typeStatus="Paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">Paratype</typeStatus>
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||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">
|
||
<collectingCounty>Occurrence</collectingCounty>
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||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
recordedBy:
|
||
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Zhiyuan Yao</collectingMunicipality>
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||
</collectorName>
|
||
; individualCount:
|
||
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="72464" type="generic">3</specimenCount>
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||
; sex:
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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||
,
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||
<specimenCount type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
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||
; lifeStage:
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||
<specimenCount type="adult">3 adults</specimenCount>
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||
;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:816556D7FC865173A04F89780DCF1A36:2ACF0944BAFAD567A3D637E01418E799" country="China" county="Occurrence" latitude="41.073833" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="126.106834" municipality="Zhiyuan Yao" name="Taxon" stateProvince="Jilin">Taxon</location>
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||
:
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||
</emphasis>
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||
order:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:816556D7FC865173A04F89780DCF1A36:EE7F1C1EDC2A06EBC7D39C882A0C5AF8" country="China" county="Occurrence" latitude="41.073833" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="126.106834" municipality="Zhiyuan Yao" name="Araneae" stateProvince="Jilin">Araneae</location>
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||
; family:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:816556D7FC865173A04F89780DCF1A36:C26B21BCFEFF56B9DB8DE69C657FDBED" country="China" county="Occurrence" latitude="41.073833" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="126.106834" municipality="Zhiyuan Yao" name="Pholcidae" stateProvince="Jilin">Pholcidae</location>
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||
; genus:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:816556D7FC865173A04F89780DCF1A36:0F6C8A0BC8A8C29AFE729764630E7902" country="China" county="Occurrence" latitude="41.073833" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="126.106834" municipality="Zhiyuan Yao" name="Pholcus" stateProvince="Jilin">Pholcus</location>
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||
;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:816556D7FC865173A04F89780DCF1A36:92916672F1D84ABC08A6AAD63E45524C" country="China" county="Occurrence" latitude="41.073833" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="126.106834" municipality="Zhiyuan Yao" name="Location" stateProvince="Jilin">Location</location>
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||
:
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||
</emphasis>
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||
country:
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||
<collectingCountry name="China" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">China</collectingCountry>
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||
; stateProvince:
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||
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Jilin">Jilin</collectingRegion>
|
||
; municipality:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:816556D7FC865173A04F89780DCF1A36:5D8098083206A72FF48D77D52CA89971" country="China" county="Occurrence" latitude="41.073833" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="126.106834" municipality="Zhiyuan Yao" name="Tonghua" stateProvince="Jilin">Tonghua</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ji’an">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:816556D7FC865173A04F89780DCF1A36:9F9572B909DAACFFEA4B525973EF8D72" country="China" county="Occurrence" latitude="41.073833" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="126.106834" municipality="Zhiyuan Yao" name="Ji'an" stateProvince="Jilin">Ji'an</location>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
; locality:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:816556D7FC865173A04F89780DCF1A36:4601FECA4CFD585CE7E03A3D164E9CEC" country="China" county="Occurrence" latitude="41.073833" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="126.106834" municipality="Zhiyuan Yao" name="Maxian Town" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464" stateProvince="Jilin">Maxian Town</location>
|
||
; verbatimLocality:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:816556D7FC865173A04F89780DCF1A36:4E2523507AA604FF69AC8B02808F0DE7" country="China" county="Occurrence" latitude="41.073833" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="126.106834" municipality="Zhiyuan Yao" name="Shanghuolong Village" stateProvince="Jilin">Shanghuolong Village</location>
|
||
, roadside of G331; verbatimElevation:
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.13" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464" unit="m" value="213.0">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.13" unit="m" value="213.0">213 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
; verbatimLatitude:
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="41" direction="north" minutes="4.43" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="41.073833">41°4.43'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,; verbatimLongitude:
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="126" direction="east" minutes="6.41" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="126.106834">126°6.41'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">Event:</emphasis>
|
||
samplingProtocol:
|
||
<collectingMethod pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">by hand</collectingMethod>
|
||
; year: 2020; month: 6; day: 27;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">Record Level:</emphasis>
|
||
institutionCode: SYNU-Ar00142-00144
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="72464" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">Description</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">Male</emphasis>
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||
(holotype, Figs
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||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F7354978" captionText="Figure 2. Pholcus maxian sp. nov., holotype male A Pedipalp, prolateral view; B Pedipalp, retrolateral view; C Distal part of procursus, prolateral view, arrows 1 - 5 point at curved, prolatero-distal membranous process, two pointed sclerotised apophyses, prolatero-dorsal membranous lamella and prolatero-ventral membranous process, respectively; D Distal part of procursus, dorsal view. b = bulb, e = embolus, pr = procursus, u = uncus. Scale bars: 0.20 (A-B), 0.10 (C-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.9.e72464.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/570606" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">2</figureCitation>
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||
,
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||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F7354992" captionText="Figure 3. Pholcus maxian sp. nov. A Paratype female, external genitalia, ventral view; B Paratype female, vulva, dorsal view, arrow points at posterior part of arch; C Holotype male, bulbal apophyses, prolateral view, arrows 1 - 2 point at proximal and distal apophysis; D Holotype male, chelicerae, frontal view; E Holotype male, habitus, dorsal view; F Holotype male, habitus, lateral view; G Paratype female, habitus, dorsal view; H Paratype female, habitus, ventral view. da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, fa = frontal apophysis, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate, u = uncus. Scale bars: 0.20 (A-D), 1.00 (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.9.e72464.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/570607" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">3</figureCitation>
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): Total length 5.10 (5.24 with clypeus), carapace 1.24 long, 1.65 wide, opisthosoma 3.86 long, 1.50 wide. Leg I: 38.76 (9.78 + 0.78 + 10.25 + 15.62 + 2.33), leg II: 26.84 (7.58 + 0.67 + 6.76 + 10.22 + 1.61), leg III: 19.20 (5.61 + 0.65 + 4.62 + 7.11 + 1.21), leg IV: 26.09 (7.79 + 0.52 + 6.79 + 9.52 + 1.47); tibia I L/d: 60. Distance PME-PME 0.24, diameter PME 0.14, distance PME-ALE 0.04, distance AME-AME 0.06, diameter AME 0.11. Sternum wider than long (1.05/0.93). Habitus as in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F7354992" captionText="Figure 3. Pholcus maxian sp. nov. A Paratype female, external genitalia, ventral view; B Paratype female, vulva, dorsal view, arrow points at posterior part of arch; C Holotype male, bulbal apophyses, prolateral view, arrows 1 - 2 point at proximal and distal apophysis; D Holotype male, chelicerae, frontal view; E Holotype male, habitus, dorsal view; F Holotype male, habitus, lateral view; G Paratype female, habitus, dorsal view; H Paratype female, habitus, ventral view. da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, fa = frontal apophysis, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate, u = uncus. Scale bars: 0.20 (A-D), 1.00 (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.9.e72464.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/570607" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">3</figureCitation>
|
||
E-F. Carapace yellowish, with brown radiating marks and marginal brown band; ocular area yellowish, with median and lateral brown bands; clypeus brown; sternum yellowish, with brown marks. Legs yellowish, but dark brown on patellae and whitish on distal parts of femora and tibiae, with darker rings on subdistal parts of femora and proximal and subdistal parts of tibiae. Opisthosoma yellowish, with dorsal and lateral spots. Ocular area elevated, without eye stalks. Thoracic furrow absent. Chelicerae (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F7354992" captionText="Figure 3. Pholcus maxian sp. nov. A Paratype female, external genitalia, ventral view; B Paratype female, vulva, dorsal view, arrow points at posterior part of arch; C Holotype male, bulbal apophyses, prolateral view, arrows 1 - 2 point at proximal and distal apophysis; D Holotype male, chelicerae, frontal view; E Holotype male, habitus, dorsal view; F Holotype male, habitus, lateral view; G Paratype female, habitus, dorsal view; H Paratype female, habitus, ventral view. da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, fa = frontal apophysis, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate, u = uncus. Scale bars: 0.20 (A-D), 1.00 (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.9.e72464.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/570607" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">3</figureCitation>
|
||
D) with pair of proximo-lateral apophyses, pair of distal apophyses with two teeth each and pair of frontal apophyses. Pedipalps as in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F7354978" captionText="Figure 2. Pholcus maxian sp. nov., holotype male A Pedipalp, prolateral view; B Pedipalp, retrolateral view; C Distal part of procursus, prolateral view, arrows 1 - 5 point at curved, prolatero-distal membranous process, two pointed sclerotised apophyses, prolatero-dorsal membranous lamella and prolatero-ventral membranous process, respectively; D Distal part of procursus, dorsal view. b = bulb, e = embolus, pr = procursus, u = uncus. Scale bars: 0.20 (A-B), 0.10 (C-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.9.e72464.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/570606" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">2</figureCitation>
|
||
A-B; trochanter with long (much longer than wide), retrolaterally strongly bulged ventral apophysis; femur with retrolatero-proximal apophysis and indistinct ventral protuberance; tibia with prolatero-ventral projection; procursus simple proximally, but complex distally, with curved prolatero-distal membranous process (arrowed 1 in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F7354978" captionText="Figure 2. Pholcus maxian sp. nov., holotype male A Pedipalp, prolateral view; B Pedipalp, retrolateral view; C Distal part of procursus, prolateral view, arrows 1 - 5 point at curved, prolatero-distal membranous process, two pointed sclerotised apophyses, prolatero-dorsal membranous lamella and prolatero-ventral membranous process, respectively; D Distal part of procursus, dorsal view. b = bulb, e = embolus, pr = procursus, u = uncus. Scale bars: 0.20 (A-B), 0.10 (C-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.9.e72464.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/570606" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">2</figureCitation>
|
||
C) with two pointed, sclerotised apophyses (arrowed 2-3 in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F7354978" captionText="Figure 2. Pholcus maxian sp. nov., holotype male A Pedipalp, prolateral view; B Pedipalp, retrolateral view; C Distal part of procursus, prolateral view, arrows 1 - 5 point at curved, prolatero-distal membranous process, two pointed sclerotised apophyses, prolatero-dorsal membranous lamella and prolatero-ventral membranous process, respectively; D Distal part of procursus, dorsal view. b = bulb, e = embolus, pr = procursus, u = uncus. Scale bars: 0.20 (A-B), 0.10 (C-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.9.e72464.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/570606" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">2</figureCitation>
|
||
C), flat prolatero-dorsal membranous lamella (arrowed 4 in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F7354978" captionText="Figure 2. Pholcus maxian sp. nov., holotype male A Pedipalp, prolateral view; B Pedipalp, retrolateral view; C Distal part of procursus, prolateral view, arrows 1 - 5 point at curved, prolatero-distal membranous process, two pointed sclerotised apophyses, prolatero-dorsal membranous lamella and prolatero-ventral membranous process, respectively; D Distal part of procursus, dorsal view. b = bulb, e = embolus, pr = procursus, u = uncus. Scale bars: 0.20 (A-B), 0.10 (C-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.9.e72464.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/570606" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">2</figureCitation>
|
||
C) and prolatero-ventral membranous process (arrowed 5 in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F7354978" captionText="Figure 2. Pholcus maxian sp. nov., holotype male A Pedipalp, prolateral view; B Pedipalp, retrolateral view; C Distal part of procursus, prolateral view, arrows 1 - 5 point at curved, prolatero-distal membranous process, two pointed sclerotised apophyses, prolatero-dorsal membranous lamella and prolatero-ventral membranous process, respectively; D Distal part of procursus, dorsal view. b = bulb, e = embolus, pr = procursus, u = uncus. Scale bars: 0.20 (A-B), 0.10 (C-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.9.e72464.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/570606" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">2</figureCitation>
|
||
C); uncus with long, proximally swollen and distally slender proximal apophysis (arrowed 1 in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F7354992" captionText="Figure 3. Pholcus maxian sp. nov. A Paratype female, external genitalia, ventral view; B Paratype female, vulva, dorsal view, arrow points at posterior part of arch; C Holotype male, bulbal apophyses, prolateral view, arrows 1 - 2 point at proximal and distal apophysis; D Holotype male, chelicerae, frontal view; E Holotype male, habitus, dorsal view; F Holotype male, habitus, lateral view; G Paratype female, habitus, dorsal view; H Paratype female, habitus, ventral view. da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, fa = frontal apophysis, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate, u = uncus. Scale bars: 0.20 (A-D), 1.00 (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.9.e72464.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/570607" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">3</figureCitation>
|
||
C), slender, strongly curved distal apophysis (arrowed 2 in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F7354992" captionText="Figure 3. Pholcus maxian sp. nov. A Paratype female, external genitalia, ventral view; B Paratype female, vulva, dorsal view, arrow points at posterior part of arch; C Holotype male, bulbal apophyses, prolateral view, arrows 1 - 2 point at proximal and distal apophysis; D Holotype male, chelicerae, frontal view; E Holotype male, habitus, dorsal view; F Holotype male, habitus, lateral view; G Paratype female, habitus, dorsal view; H Paratype female, habitus, ventral view. da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, fa = frontal apophysis, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate, u = uncus. Scale bars: 0.20 (A-D), 1.00 (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.9.e72464.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/570607" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">3</figureCitation>
|
||
C) and scales; appendix absent; embolus weakly sclerotised, with some transparent distal projections (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F7354992" captionText="Figure 3. Pholcus maxian sp. nov. A Paratype female, external genitalia, ventral view; B Paratype female, vulva, dorsal view, arrow points at posterior part of arch; C Holotype male, bulbal apophyses, prolateral view, arrows 1 - 2 point at proximal and distal apophysis; D Holotype male, chelicerae, frontal view; E Holotype male, habitus, dorsal view; F Holotype male, habitus, lateral view; G Paratype female, habitus, dorsal view; H Paratype female, habitus, ventral view. da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, fa = frontal apophysis, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate, u = uncus. Scale bars: 0.20 (A-D), 1.00 (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.9.e72464.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/570607" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">3</figureCitation>
|
||
C). Retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia I at 2% proximally; legs with short vertical setae on tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi, without spines or curved setae; tarsus I with 33 distinct pseudosegments.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">Female</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F7354992" captionText="Figure 3. Pholcus maxian sp. nov. A Paratype female, external genitalia, ventral view; B Paratype female, vulva, dorsal view, arrow points at posterior part of arch; C Holotype male, bulbal apophyses, prolateral view, arrows 1 - 2 point at proximal and distal apophysis; D Holotype male, chelicerae, frontal view; E Holotype male, habitus, dorsal view; F Holotype male, habitus, lateral view; G Paratype female, habitus, dorsal view; H Paratype female, habitus, ventral view. da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, fa = frontal apophysis, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate, u = uncus. Scale bars: 0.20 (A-D), 1.00 (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.9.e72464.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/570607" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">3</figureCitation>
|
||
): Similar to male, habitus as in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F7354992" captionText="Figure 3. Pholcus maxian sp. nov. A Paratype female, external genitalia, ventral view; B Paratype female, vulva, dorsal view, arrow points at posterior part of arch; C Holotype male, bulbal apophyses, prolateral view, arrows 1 - 2 point at proximal and distal apophysis; D Holotype male, chelicerae, frontal view; E Holotype male, habitus, dorsal view; F Holotype male, habitus, lateral view; G Paratype female, habitus, dorsal view; H Paratype female, habitus, ventral view. da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, fa = frontal apophysis, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate, u = uncus. Scale bars: 0.20 (A-D), 1.00 (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.9.e72464.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/570607" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">3</figureCitation>
|
||
G-H. Total length 5.08 (5.22 with clypeus), carapace 1.46 long, 1.71 wide, opisthosoma 3.62 long, 1.72 wide; tibia I: 7.44; tibia I L/d: 41. Distance PME-PME 0.21, diameter PME 0.15, distance PME-ALE 0.04, distance AME-AME 0.05, diameter AME 0.11. Sternum wider than long (1.07/0.92). External female genitalia (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F7354992" captionText="Figure 3. Pholcus maxian sp. nov. A Paratype female, external genitalia, ventral view; B Paratype female, vulva, dorsal view, arrow points at posterior part of arch; C Holotype male, bulbal apophyses, prolateral view, arrows 1 - 2 point at proximal and distal apophysis; D Holotype male, chelicerae, frontal view; E Holotype male, habitus, dorsal view; F Holotype male, habitus, lateral view; G Paratype female, habitus, dorsal view; H Paratype female, habitus, ventral view. da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, fa = frontal apophysis, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate, u = uncus. Scale bars: 0.20 (A-D), 1.00 (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.9.e72464.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/570607" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">3</figureCitation>
|
||
A) simple and flat, with n-shaped median mark and knob. Vulva (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F7354992" captionText="Figure 3. Pholcus maxian sp. nov. A Paratype female, external genitalia, ventral view; B Paratype female, vulva, dorsal view, arrow points at posterior part of arch; C Holotype male, bulbal apophyses, prolateral view, arrows 1 - 2 point at proximal and distal apophysis; D Holotype male, chelicerae, frontal view; E Holotype male, habitus, dorsal view; F Holotype male, habitus, lateral view; G Paratype female, habitus, dorsal view; H Paratype female, habitus, ventral view. da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, fa = frontal apophysis, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate, u = uncus. Scale bars: 0.20 (A-D), 1.00 (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.9.e72464.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/570607" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">3</figureCitation>
|
||
B) with pair of wing-like, sclerotised anterior arch and pair of elliptic pore plates.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">Variation</emphasis>
|
||
: Tibia I in another paratype male (SYNU-Ar00142): 11.16. Tibia I in another paratype female (SYNU-Ar00144): 7.89.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="72464" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">Diagnosis</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">
|
||
The species resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. hamatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464" rank="species" species="hamatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">P. hamatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Tong & Ji, 2010 (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Tong, Y." journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Fennica" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464" pagination="97 - 103" refId="B7355123" refString="Tong, Y., Ji, L., 2010. Three new species of the spider genus Pholcus (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Liaodong Mountain, China. Entomologica Fennica 21: 97 - 103" title="Three new species of the spider genus Pholcus (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Liaodong Mountain, China" volume="21" year="2010">Tong and Ji 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs. 1a-c, j, 2a-g;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Yao, Z." journalOrPublisher="Zoological Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464" pagination="267 - 271" refId="B7355180" refString="Yao, Z., Wang, X., Li, S., 2021. Tip of the iceberg: species diversity of Pholcus spiders (Araneae, Pholcidae) in the Changbai Mountains, northeast China. Zoological Research 42 (3): 267 - 271" title="Tip of the iceberg: species diversity of Pholcus spiders (Araneae, Pholcidae) in the Changbai Mountains, northeast China" volume="42" year="2021">Yao et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs. 2B.7, S9A-D) with similar male chelicerae (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F7354992" captionText="Figure 3. Pholcus maxian sp. nov. A Paratype female, external genitalia, ventral view; B Paratype female, vulva, dorsal view, arrow points at posterior part of arch; C Holotype male, bulbal apophyses, prolateral view, arrows 1 - 2 point at proximal and distal apophysis; D Holotype male, chelicerae, frontal view; E Holotype male, habitus, dorsal view; F Holotype male, habitus, lateral view; G Paratype female, habitus, dorsal view; H Paratype female, habitus, ventral view. da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, fa = frontal apophysis, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate, u = uncus. Scale bars: 0.20 (A-D), 1.00 (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.9.e72464.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/570607" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">3</figureCitation>
|
||
D) and external female genitalia (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F7354992" captionText="Figure 3. Pholcus maxian sp. nov. A Paratype female, external genitalia, ventral view; B Paratype female, vulva, dorsal view, arrow points at posterior part of arch; C Holotype male, bulbal apophyses, prolateral view, arrows 1 - 2 point at proximal and distal apophysis; D Holotype male, chelicerae, frontal view; E Holotype male, habitus, dorsal view; F Holotype male, habitus, lateral view; G Paratype female, habitus, dorsal view; H Paratype female, habitus, ventral view. da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, fa = frontal apophysis, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate, u = uncus. Scale bars: 0.20 (A-D), 1.00 (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.9.e72464.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/570607" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">3</figureCitation>
|
||
A), but can be distinguished by procursus with large, prolatero-dorsal membranous lamella (arrowed 4 in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F7354978" captionText="Figure 2. Pholcus maxian sp. nov., holotype male A Pedipalp, prolateral view; B Pedipalp, retrolateral view; C Distal part of procursus, prolateral view, arrows 1 - 5 point at curved, prolatero-distal membranous process, two pointed sclerotised apophyses, prolatero-dorsal membranous lamella and prolatero-ventral membranous process, respectively; D Distal part of procursus, dorsal view. b = bulb, e = embolus, pr = procursus, u = uncus. Scale bars: 0.20 (A-B), 0.10 (C-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.9.e72464.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/570606" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">2</figureCitation>
|
||
C; very small in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. hamatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464" rank="species" species="hamatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">P. hamatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and with prolatero-ventral membranous process (arrowed 5 in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F7354978" captionText="Figure 2. Pholcus maxian sp. nov., holotype male A Pedipalp, prolateral view; B Pedipalp, retrolateral view; C Distal part of procursus, prolateral view, arrows 1 - 5 point at curved, prolatero-distal membranous process, two pointed sclerotised apophyses, prolatero-dorsal membranous lamella and prolatero-ventral membranous process, respectively; D Distal part of procursus, dorsal view. b = bulb, e = embolus, pr = procursus, u = uncus. Scale bars: 0.20 (A-B), 0.10 (C-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.9.e72464.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/570606" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">2</figureCitation>
|
||
C; absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. hamatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464" rank="species" species="hamatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">P. hamatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), by uncus with long, proximally swollen and distally slender proximal apophysis (arrowed 1 in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F7354992" captionText="Figure 3. Pholcus maxian sp. nov. A Paratype female, external genitalia, ventral view; B Paratype female, vulva, dorsal view, arrow points at posterior part of arch; C Holotype male, bulbal apophyses, prolateral view, arrows 1 - 2 point at proximal and distal apophysis; D Holotype male, chelicerae, frontal view; E Holotype male, habitus, dorsal view; F Holotype male, habitus, lateral view; G Paratype female, habitus, dorsal view; H Paratype female, habitus, ventral view. da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, fa = frontal apophysis, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate, u = uncus. Scale bars: 0.20 (A-D), 1.00 (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.9.e72464.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/570607" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">3</figureCitation>
|
||
C; proximal apophysis short and swollen in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. hamatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464" rank="species" species="hamatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">P. hamatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and by vulval anterior arch strongly curved posteriorly (arrowed in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F7354992" captionText="Figure 3. Pholcus maxian sp. nov. A Paratype female, external genitalia, ventral view; B Paratype female, vulva, dorsal view, arrow points at posterior part of arch; C Holotype male, bulbal apophyses, prolateral view, arrows 1 - 2 point at proximal and distal apophysis; D Holotype male, chelicerae, frontal view; E Holotype male, habitus, dorsal view; F Holotype male, habitus, lateral view; G Paratype female, habitus, dorsal view; H Paratype female, habitus, ventral view. da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, fa = frontal apophysis, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate, u = uncus. Scale bars: 0.20 (A-D), 1.00 (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.9.e72464.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/570607" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">3</figureCitation>
|
||
B, arch eyebrow-shaped; posteriorly slightly curved (arch nearly trapezoidal) in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. hamatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464" rank="species" species="hamatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">P. hamatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="72464" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">Etymology</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">The specific name refers to the type locality and is a noun in apposition.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="72464" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">Distribution</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">
|
||
China (Jilin, type locality; Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F7354974" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution record and habitat of Pholcus maxian sp. nov. from the border between Northeast China and North Korea." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.9.e72464.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/570605" pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">1</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="72464" type="biology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">Biology</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72464">The species was found on rock walls.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |