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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.8.2238" ID-PMC="PMC3254249" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-8-49" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFF3FFEA6333AC3FFFF60A671A6CFFE7" ID-PubMed="22287930" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576103" ModsDocID="1314-2003-8-49" checkinTime="1451252074696" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Monro, Alex K." docDate="2012" docId="46E931F39C6F566EB90D18BF384E5484" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 8: 49-82" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 8" docPubDate="2012-01-04" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.8.2238" docTitle="Cestrum contrerasianum A. K. Monro 2012, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="FFF3FFEA6333AC3FFFF60A671A6CFFE7" lastPageNumber="56" masterDocId="FFF3FFEA6333AC3FFFF60A671A6CFFE7" masterDocTitle="Eight new species of Cestrum (Solanaceae) from Mesoamerica" masterLastPageNumber="82" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="54" updateTime="1668142033318" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Eight new species of Cestrum (Solanaceae) from Mesoamerica</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Monro, Alex K.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, The Natural History Museum, London SW 2 5 SY, UK</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2012-01-04</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>8</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>49</mods:start>
<mods:end>82</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.8.2238</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.8.2238</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-8-49</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFF3FFEA6333AC3FFFF60A671A6CFFE7</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576103</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182229500" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:46E931F39C6F566EB90D18BF384E5484" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/46E931F39C6F566EB90D18BF384E5484" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="54" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicName LSID="46E931F3-9C6F-566E-B90D-18BF384E5484" authority="A. K. Monro" authorityName="A. K. Monro" authorityYear="2012" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Solanaceae" genus="Cestrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cestrum contrerasianum" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="contrerasianum" status="sp. nov.">Cestrum contrerasianum A.K.Monro</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="5" pageNumber="54">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Cestrum contrerasianum A. K. Monro A Flowering stem B Style C Longitudinal section through the corolla showing stamen arrangement D Flower with apex of corolla lobe highlighted. Drawn from E. Contreras 11234 (F)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/9971" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Fig. 3 A-C</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="54" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
Most similar to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Morton" authorityYear="1936" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Solanaceae" genus="Cestrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="formosum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Cestrum formosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
C.V. Morton from which it can be distinguished by its more compact inflorescences, bearing flowers on shorter pedicels with pubescent calyces and longer corolla tubes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="54" type="type">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Guatemala.</emphasis>
Baja Verapaz: Union Barrios,
<geoCoordinate degrees="15" direction="north" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="01" value="15.183611">15°11'01&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="090" direction="west" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="16" value="-90.204445">090°12'16&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
(DMS), 1630 m,11 Mar 1972,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">E. Contreras 11234</emphasis>
(holotype: F-1942896; isotype: MO).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
Shrubs, 1-7 m. Leaf-bearing stems drying pale red-brown or tan, the internodes 2-34
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.5-3.5 mm; young stems glabrous, occasionally sparsely pubescent
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="55" start="start">,</pageBreakToken>
where pubescent the hairs 0.375 mm, simple, appressed, crooked and frequently glandular. Axillary buds 1.25-2.0 mm, frequently absent, drying dark brown, densely pubescent and glandular, not subtended by a minor leaf. Lamina 13-135
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6-42 mm, length to width ratio 1.5-3.6, obovate, elliptic to ovate, coriaceous, drying olive green, brown or yellow-green above; the upper surface glabrous or very sparsely pubescent, the hairs 0.125 mm, simple, weakly appressed, crooked, occasionally sparsely glandular, primary only or primary and secondary veins clearly visible to the naked eye, only the primary veins raised; the lower surface glabrous, sparsely punctate glandular, primary only, primary and secondary or primary to tertiary veins clearly visible to the naked eye, primary only or primary and secondary veins raised, secondary veins 3-6 pairs, borne 45-75° to the midrib, weakly curved, the veinlets not visible; base decurrent, cuneate, or acute, occasionally asymmetrically so; margin entire; apex acute or subcuspidate; petioles borne on a woody or crescent-shaped spur or regularly from the stem, 5-66
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.75-1.25 mm, drying dark purple, dark brown, yellow-green or green, glabrous, occasionally sparsely punctate glandular. Inflorescences 6-13 per herbarium sheet, terminal, subterminal or borne along the full length of the leaf-bearing portion of the stem, axillary panicles solitary in each axil, 25-60 mm long, bearing 1-16 flowers in 1-3 fascicle-like clusters, each cluster bearing 1-5 flowers; peduncle 1.5-20.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.75-1.75 mm, yellow-brown through orange-brown to dark brown, glabrous tosparsely or very sparsely pubescent, the hairs 0.25 mm, simple, curved or straight, occasionally glandular; bracts 18-43
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
9-13 mm, leaf-like; bracteoles 4-22 mm, ovate, linear, glabrous or sparsely pubescent. Flowers pedicellate, the pedicels 0.5-1.5 mm; calyx 5-6.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2.0-2.5 mm, the outer surface glabrous, the lobes 4-6, 1.25-2.5 mm long, erect; corolla yellow-green or pale yellow to yellow, 4-26 mm long, the tube 9.0-21.5 mm long, 2.5-4.25 mm in diameter at the mouth, 0.75-1.50 mm in diameter at the base, glabrous, the lobes 4-6, 3.5-5.5 mm long; stamens 5, the filaments 16-19 mm, equal, adnate for 6-9 mm, pubescent from insertion point to the base, with a 1-lobed keel-shaped or reduced knee-like appendage present at insertion point, the anthers 1.0-1.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.675-1.0 mm; style 11-18 mm, the stigma 0.5-1.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1-2 mm. Infructescences 10-65 mm long, bearing 2-6 fruit; fruiting calyx 3.5-7.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6-9 mm; fruit 7-10
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4-7 mm, subglobose to oblongoid, white when ripe. Seeds 1-10, 3-6
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.5-3.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-3 mm.
</paragraph>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/9971" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. K. Monro" authorityYear="2012" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Solanaceae" genus="Cestrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="contrerasianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Cestrum contrerasianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
A.K.Monro
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">A</emphasis>
Flowering stem
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">B</emphasis>
Style
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">C</emphasis>
Longitudinal section through the corolla showing stamen arrangement
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">D</emphasis>
Flower with apex of corolla lobe highlighted. Drawn from
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">E. Contreras 11234</emphasis>
(F).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="55" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="55">After Elias Contreras, Guatemalan plant collector and botanist who collected the type and two of the paratype collections of this species.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="55" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
Montane or cloud forest, often undisturbed forest. Existing collection localities suggest that
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. K. Monro" authorityYear="2012" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Solanaceae" genus="Cestrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="contrerasianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Cestrum contrerasianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distributed along the Pacific drainage of central Guatemala (Baja Verapaz, El Quiche, Huehuetenango) and southeastern Mexico (Chiapas) in an area encompassing ca. 13,400 km2 (
<bibRefCitation author="Google Earth, 6.0.3.2197" journalOrPublisher="Candollea" pageId="25" pageNumber="74" refId="B7" refString="Google Earth, 6.0.3.2197, 2011. Available from http://www.google.com/earth." title="Available from http: // www. google. com / earth" year="2011">Google Earth</bibRefCitation>
, accessed 10 Dec 2010).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
Of the sixteen known collections of
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. K. Monro" authorityYear="2012" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Solanaceae" genus="Cestrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="contrerasianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Cestrum contrerasianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,ten were previously determined as
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Solanaceae" genus="Cestrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="aurantiacum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Cestrum aurantiacum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Lindl. Comparison of the holotype and paratype material with type specimens from the herbaria listed in the Materials and methods section recovered
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. K. Monro" authorityYear="2012" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Solanaceae" genus="Cestrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="contrerasianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Cestrum contrerasianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as most similar to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Morton" authorityYear="1936" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Solanaceae" genus="Cestrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="formosum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Cestrum formosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
C.V.
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="56" start="start">Morton</pageBreakToken>
. It can be distinguished from those species on the basis of inflorescence number and morphology and flower and fruit morphology as summarised in
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7B0ABEAFE09B896359128AE14A415A83" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" tableUuid="7B0ABEAFE09B896359128AE14A415A83">Tables 3</tableCitation>
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="T4" captionText="Table 4." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/D5B73D1D0E528F48AA17F81491FCB2D6" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" tableUuid="D5B73D1D0E528F48AA17F81491FCB2D6">&amp; 4</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="7B0ABEAFE09B896359128AE14A415A83" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7B0ABEAFE09B896359128AE14A415A83" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" start="Table 3" startId="T3">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Table 3.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
<table pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
<th colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">Characters</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. K. Monro" authorityYear="2012" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Solanaceae" genus="Cestrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="contrerasianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Cestrum contrerasianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Solanaceae" genus="Cestrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="aurantiacum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Cestrum aurantiacum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">Inflorescence no. per herbarium sheet</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">6-13</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">1-4</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">Inflorescence length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">25-60 mm</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">58-192 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">Inflorescence panicle type</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">compact</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">not compact</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">Pedicel length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">0.5-1.5 mm</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">0.5-2.5 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">Calyx pubescence</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">sparsely pubescent</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">glabrous</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">Fruit size</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">
7-10
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4-7 mm
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">
ca. 12
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
9.5-10.0 mm
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="D5B73D1D0E528F48AA17F81491FCB2D6" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/D5B73D1D0E528F48AA17F81491FCB2D6" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" start="Table 4" startId="T4">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Table 4.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
<table pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
<th colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">Characters</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. K. Monro" authorityYear="2012" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Solanaceae" genus="Cestrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="contrerasianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Cestrum contrerasianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Morton" authorityYear="1936" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Solanaceae" genus="Cestrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="formosum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Cestrum formosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">Inflorescence panicle type</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">compact</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">not compact</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">Pedicel length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">0.5-1.5 mm</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">2-5 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">Calyx pubescence</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">sparsely pubescent</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">glabrous</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">Calyx lobe length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">1.25-2.5 mm</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">0.50-0.675</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">Corolla length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">14-26 mm</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rowspan="1">10-14 mm</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="56" type="conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
Using IUCN criteria (
<bibRefCitation author="International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Species Survival, Commission" journalOrPublisher="International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, Gland and Cambridge" pageId="25" pageNumber="74" refId="B9" refString="International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Species Survival, Commission, 2001. IUCN Red List Categories: Version 3.1. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, Gland and Cambridge, 70 pp." title="IUCN Red List Categories: Version 3.1." year="2001">IUCN 2001</bibRefCitation>
)
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. K. Monro" authorityYear="2012" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Solanaceae" genus="Cestrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="contrerasianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Cestrum contrerasianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is considered Vulnerable (VU B1ab(iii)) based on subcriteria B1 based on an Extent of occurrence &lt;20,000 km2, a severely fragmented range and continuing decline in the area of habitat.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" type="paratypes">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Paratypes.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
GUATEMALA. Baja Verapaz: Union Barrios, W of km 154,
<geoCoordinate degrees="15" direction="north" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="01" value="15.183611">15°11'01&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="090" direction="west" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="16" value="-90.204445">090°12'16&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
(DMS), 1600 m, Aug 17 1975,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">C. L. Lundell &amp; E. Contreras 19671</emphasis>
(F);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Niño">Nino</normalizedToken>
Perdido, La Cumbre de San
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
Espinero,
<geoCoordinate degrees="15" direction="north" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="54" value="15.131667">15°07'54&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="090" direction="west" minutes="09" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="46" value="-90.16278">090°09'46&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
(DMS), 18 May 1977,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">C. L. Lundell &amp; E. Contreras 20913</emphasis>
(CAS, F). Huehuetenango: Cerro Huitz, between Mimanhuitz and Yulhuitz, Sierra de los Cuchumatanes,
<geoCoordinate degrees="15" direction="north" minutes="51" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="18" value="15.8550005">15°51'18&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="091" direction="west" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="28" value="-91.32444">091°19'28&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
(DMS), 1500-2600 m, 14 Jul 1942,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">J. A. Steyermark 48657</emphasis>
(F); vicinity of Nucapuxlac, 2500 m, 17 Jul 1942,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">J. A. Steyermark 48943</emphasis>
(AA, F). El
<normalizedToken originalValue="Quiché">Quiche</normalizedToken>
: about 7 km SWW of Nebaj, 2200 m, Jun 22 1964,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">E. Contreras 5088</emphasis>
(LL). MEXICO. Chiapas: Municipio of San
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cristóbal">Cristobal</normalizedToken>
las Casas, 2 miles northeast of Highway 190 along the old road to
<normalizedToken originalValue="Huistán">Huistan</normalizedToken>
, 2300 m, 22 Jan 1965,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">D. E. Breedlove &amp; P. Raven 8294</emphasis>
(US); Municipio of Tenejapa, along the river of Chik Ha', barrio of Yashanal, paraje of Matsab, 1700 m, 17 Jul 1965,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">D. E. Breedlove 11109</emphasis>
(F); Municipio La Trinitaria, Lagos de Montebello, 42 km northeast of La Trinitaria,
<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="05" value="16.118055">16°07'05&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="091" direction="west" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="27" value="-91.7075">091°42'27&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
(DMS), 1300 m, 23 Oct 1971,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">D. E. Breedlove &amp; R. F. Thorne 21152</emphasis>
(DS); Municipio of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Comitán">Comitan</normalizedToken>
de Dominguez, 5 km north of Highway 190 on a logging road from Laguna Chamula microwave station, 2400 m, 15 Oct 1976,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">D. E. Breedlove &amp; B. Bartholomew 40775</emphasis>
(DS); Municipio of La Independencia, third ridge along logging road from Las Margaritas to Campo Alegre, 2300 m, 24 Oct 1976,
<emphasis italics="true" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
D.E. Breedlove
<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="57" start="start">41079</pageBreakToken>
</emphasis>
(DS); Municipio of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Comitán">Comitan</normalizedToken>
de Dominguez, Laguna Chamula microwave station, 4 km southwest of Highway 190 between
<normalizedToken originalValue="Comitán">Comitan</normalizedToken>
and Amatenango del Valle, 2500 m, 6 Nov 1981,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">D. E. Breedlove &amp; G. Davidse 54848</emphasis>
(CAS); San Felipe village, near Ciudad San Cristobal las Casas, Mount Ecatepec, 3 miles W of village, 2400 m, Mar 31 1949,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">M. C. Carlson 1614</emphasis>
(F); Municipio of San
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cristóbal">Cristobal</normalizedToken>
las Casas, a 200 m del Paraje K'ostic,
<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="43" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="20" value="16.722223">16°43'20&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="092" direction="west" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="29" value="-92.52473">092°31'29&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
(DMS), 2300 m, 5 Sep 1994,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
A.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Chamé">Chame</normalizedToken>
&amp; A. Luna 352
</emphasis>
(CAS); temperate land, 1864-70,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">A. B. Ghiesbreght 837</emphasis>
(GH); Municipio of San
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cristóbal">Cristobal</normalizedToken>
las Casas, Cerro El Extranjero,
<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="39" value="16.660833">16°39'39&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="092" direction="west" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="26" value="-92.57389">092°34'26&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
(DMS), 2350 m, 26 Mar 1992.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
M.
<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
E., P. F. Quintana A., M.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
I. &amp; N.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ramírez">Ramirez</normalizedToken>
M. 1769
</emphasis>
(CAS).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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