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<document id="C3019E0CF87CE15A2FD722693E5FFA9F" ID-CLB-Dataset="56269" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5318.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="85d55564-632a-4561-8028-a7a8cf3f5de7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8162357" ID-ZooBank="88714F9C-0EE5-4295-9988-3CEEF242489D" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="diego" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="diego" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1689748270342" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Turner, Thomas L. &amp; Lonhart, Steve I." docDate="2023" docId="464C87844264FFCFFF1DFC3EFACDFF59" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5318.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5318 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5318.2.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Haliclona (Halichoclona) melissae Turner &amp; Lonhart 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="178" masterDocId="BA75FFFC427EFFD4FF8AFFECFFD1FD64" masterDocTitle="The Sponges of the Carmel Pinnacles Marine Protected Area" masterLastPageNumber="194" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="177" updateTime="1699543835761" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="26E40A74071C8E6B2979145EDD58FBAD" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="806028952B17309C3468CBBBAE81494A">
<mods:title id="4592D4A524D11ECCA57F120C630BADE2">The Sponges of the Carmel Pinnacles Marine Protected Area</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="1BE6537AC1E64B20F55F071512F21C0F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="4FC3B5F6E13E258427668ADDB3C027E4">
<mods:roleTerm id="9AF7042912C20628FBDE974CA8CB9286">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5BFF9324726D07D032C9FC454BADD777">Turner, Thomas L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="203B8C568592A56B9F68D8B38EF89B84">Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology Department, University of California, Santa Barbara.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="E14FEE8F295EB19CEEEF4036694214B8" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5C217A03B1F8AA112EEDFA808B1761CF">
<mods:roleTerm id="764F09E531C1FBE452692E89FE624EFB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="BD15D775809289672EBA191BB25C34FD">Lonhart, Steve I.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A6D6039D0300A501AB91A376A32376E6" type="ORCID">0000-0002-5559-792X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="66E78D766203C0102BC9CBFB406DA202">Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary, National Ocean Service, NOAA, Santa Cruz, California, USA. steve. lonhart @ noaa. gov; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5559 - 792 X</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D1478D495B873FF186E95823F30F5AB8" type="email">steve.lonhart@noaa.gov</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="024D24F294BE46A14573342A25441072">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="B58764E8B290ACB5CE90D843131A797F">
<mods:title id="D7B491F1B2A682CA6C9B2FD8B4F49435">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="D73189AAFEF75F74A6EEDB1D154F0DA2">
<mods:date id="541C1804AA5C06AED6C673E67DC63BD7">2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="2C3012732F37E0902E3259FAF95EDDFA" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="8B6D2EA1EA02A39370C4F96453976B48">2023-07-19</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="C1C66255A535F2B1F123FF4D12CBDE63" type="volume">
<mods:number id="621068960991FA1A19E781282014C841">5318</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="B4C9B1765616005C724D171B2320D53D" type="issue">
<mods:number id="975D93121B4CF52DC1B54FED34BCF616">2</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="3469C5C62AE385EEFB82B1690DBC5D6C">151</mods:start>
<mods:end id="63AE59393F5F6A26420FA33348A2E2F8">194</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:location id="8A79F3D10EDA7EA0F7F6B582C7528E25">
<mods:url id="B41CAF59F696D6ED440E68A29ADE7510">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5318.2.1</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="F218DA8CA536317E2573D48AEEB1307F">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="2579647F75E9977C4C1F46993A2C2386" type="CLB-Dataset">56269</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BBCE6B19D471B886F8616796976ABA63" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5318.2.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E0BEA661A7CEC0CF3045278308369BA7" type="GBIF-Dataset">85d55564-632a-4561-8028-a7a8cf3f5de7</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="03820BD9E9A80B419C5C21EADE5C5DEE" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="75BC8E2580C6DC9367760AA930C893BA" type="Zenodo-Dep">8162357</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="577A4EA92D1C47728F47F8754324E62D" type="ZooBank">88714F9C-0EE5-4295-9988-3CEEF242489D</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="464C87844264FFCFFF1DFC3EFACDFF59" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162435" ID-GBIF-Taxon="212416116" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8162435" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:464C87844264FFCFFF1DFC3EFACDFF59" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/464C87844264FFCFFF1DFC3EFACDFF59" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="178" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
<subSubSection id="86FF65194264FFCEFF1DFC3EFD73FE89" box="[151,674,978,1005]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="CE5A36924264FFCEFF1DFC3EFD73FE89" blockId="26.[151,674,978,1005]" box="[151,674,978,1005]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
<heading id="951281FE4264FFCEFF1DFC3EFD73FE89" bold="true" box="[151,674,978,1005]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" reason="1">
<emphasis id="FC91EA804264FFCEFF1DFC3EFD73FE89" bold="true" box="[151,674,978,1005]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114264FFCEFF1DFC3EFDEFFE89" ID-CoL="6488801d-8bf2-464a-bcb6-008ee30e0d4f" authority="Turner &amp; Lonhart, 2023" authorityName="Turner &amp; Lonhart" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,574,978,1005]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="melissae" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Halichoclona">
<emphasis id="FC91EA804264FFCEFF1DFC3EFDEFFE89" bold="true" box="[151,574,978,1005]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Haliclona (Halichoclona) melissae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7A257FB4264FFCEFDCFFC3FFD73FE89" box="[581,674,979,1005]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="86FF65194264FFCEFF1DFBF7FE9FF951" box="[151,334,1050,1077]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="description">
<paragraph id="CE5A36924264FFCEFF1DFBF7FE9FF951" blockId="26.[151,334,1050,1077]" box="[151,334,1050,1077]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
<figureCitation id="56DE2A174264FFCEFF1DFBF7FEDFF951" box="[151,270,1050,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1778,1802]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,1069,1750]" captionTargetId="figure-268@24.[151,1436,1065,1754]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 15. Maximum likelihood phylogeny of the 28S locus for the Haplosclerida. Colors indicate well-supported clades, with letter names following Redmond et al. (2013). Genbank accession numbers are shown; bold indicates new sequences. Node confidence is based on bootstrapping. Scale bar indicates substitutions per site. Colors indicate clades containing new taxa, as referenced in the text." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162405" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162405/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Figures 15</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="56DE2A174264FFCEFEB8FBF7FE9FF951" box="[306,334,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1584,1608]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,597,1561]" captionTargetId="figure-241@27.[151,1436,597,1561]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 17. Haliclona melissae. A: Field photo. B: Choanosomal skeleton. C: Thick oxea. D: Surface skeleton. E: Thin oxea. All images of holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162409" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162409/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">17</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="86FF65194264FFCEFF1DFB8EFB3FF98D" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="CE5A36924264FFCEFF1DFB8EFB3FF98D" blockId="26.[151,1437,1122,2013]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="FC91EA804264FFCEFF1DFB8EFE50F918" bold="true" box="[151,385,1122,1148]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="7E8D3CCF4264FFCEFE02FB8FFE90F9C5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4161966312" collectionCode="CASIZ, IZC, SBMNH" county="Carmel" elevation="17" latitude="36.56187" location="Whaler's Cove" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-121.9595" municipality="Tower" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" specimenCode="CASIZ236655, IZC00048448, SBMNH700919, IZC00048446, SBMNH700927, IZC00048447" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="115E88304264FFCEFE02FB8FFE24F919" box="[392,501,1123,1149]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCode id="9E439EE94264FFCEFE75FB8EFD75F919" box="[511,676,1122,1149]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">CASIZ236655</specimenCode>
/
<specimenCode id="9E439EE94264FFCEFD27FB8EFC9AF919" box="[685,843,1122,1149]" collectionCode="IZC" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">IZC00048448</specimenCode>
, Inner Carmel Pinnacle, (
<geoCoordinate id="ABD150554264FFCEFBE3FB8EFB09F919" box="[1129,1240,1122,1149]" degrees="36.55852" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" precision="1" value="36.55852">36.55852</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ABD150554264FFCEFB56FB8EFA8EF919" box="[1244,1375,1122,1149]" degrees="121.96820" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" precision="1" value="-121.9682">-121.96820</geoCoordinate>
),
<quantity id="091D9B774264FFCEFAF8FB8FFF04F9C5" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" unit="m" value="17.0" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="10.0">
<elevation id="45C8D1A14264FFCEFAF8FB8FFF04F9C5" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" unit="m" value="17.0" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="10.0">10– 24 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 9/22/21;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="7E8D3CCF4264FFCEFEC6FB6BFE2AF9A1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4161966336" collectionCode="CASIZ, IZC, SBMNH" county="Carmel" elevation="17" latitude="36.56187" location="Whaler's Cove" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-121.9595" municipality="Tower" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" specimenCode="CASIZ236655, IZC00048448, SBMNH700919, IZC00048446, SBMNH700927, IZC00048447" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="115E88304264FFCEFEC6FB6BFE6DF9C5" box="[332,444,1159,1185]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCode id="9E439EE94264FFCEFE43FB6BFD51F9C5" box="[457,640,1159,1185]" collectionCode="SBMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34834" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34834" name="Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="Museum">SBMNH700919</specimenCode>
and
<specimenCode id="9E439EE94264FFCEFD37FB6BFC8CF9C5" box="[701,861,1159,1185]" collectionCode="IZC" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">IZC00048446</specimenCode>
,
<location id="CB3A60494264FFCEFCE1FB6BFBC4F9C5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:464C87844264FFCFFF1DFC3EFACDFF59:CB3A60494264FFCEFCE1FB6BFBC4F9C5" box="[875,1045,1159,1185]" county="Carmel" latitude="36.56187" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-121.9595" municipality="Tower" name="Whaler's Cove" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Whaler's Cove</location>
,
<location id="CB3A60494264FFCEFBA9FB6BFB60F9C5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:464C87844264FFCFFF1DFC3EFACDFF59:CB3A60494264FFCEFBA9FB6BFB60F9C5" box="[1059,1201,1159,1185]" county="Carmel" latitude="36.56187" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-121.9595" municipality="Tower" name="Point Lobos" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Point Lobos</location>
,
<location id="CB3A60494264FFCEFB35FB6BFAC5F9C5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:464C87844264FFCFFF1DFC3EFACDFF59:CB3A60494264FFCEFB35FB6BFAC5F9C5" box="[1215,1300,1159,1185]" county="Carmel" latitude="36.56187" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-121.9595" municipality="Tower" name="Carmel" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Carmel</location>
, (
<geoCoordinate id="ABD150554264FFCEFAA1FB6AFA48F9C5" box="[1323,1433,1158,1185]" degrees="36.52172" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" precision="1" value="36.52172">36.52172</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ABD150554264FFCEFF1DFB47FECDF9A1" box="[151,284,1195,1221]" degrees="121.93894" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" precision="1" value="-121.93894">-121.93894</geoCoordinate>
),
<quantity id="091D9B774264FFCEFEA4FB46FE54F9A1" box="[302,389,1194,1221]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" unit="m" value="10.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="6.0">
<elevation id="45C8D1A14264FFCEFEA4FB46FE54F9A1" box="[302,389,1194,1221]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" unit="m" value="10.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="6.0">6–15 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 11/23/19;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="7E8D3CCF4264FFCEFD8BFB47FEC8F98D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4161966307" collectionCode="CASIZ, IZC, SBMNH" county="Carmel" elevation="17" latitude="36.56187" location="Whaler's Cove" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-121.9595" municipality="Tower" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" specimenCode="CASIZ236655, IZC00048448, SBMNH700919, IZC00048446, SBMNH700927, IZC00048447" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCode id="9E439EE94264FFCEFD8BFB47FD6DF9A1" box="[513,700,1195,1221]" collectionCode="SBMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34834" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34834" name="Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="Museum">SBMNH700927</specimenCode>
,
<location id="CB3A60494264FFCEFD4CFB47FCB8F9A1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:464C87844264FFCFFF1DFC3EFACDFF59:CB3A60494264FFCEFD4CFB47FCB8F9A1" box="[710,873,1195,1221]" county="Carmel" latitude="36.56187" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-121.9595" municipality="Tower" name="Wycoff Ledge" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Wycoff Ledge</location>
,
<location id="CB3A60494264FFCEFCF9FB47FB93F9A1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:464C87844264FFCFFF1DFC3EFACDFF59:CB3A60494264FFCEFCF9FB47FB93F9A1" box="[883,1090,1195,1221]" county="Carmel" latitude="36.56187" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-121.9595" municipality="Tower" name="San Miguel Island" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">San Miguel Island</location>
, (
<geoCoordinate id="ABD150554264FFCEFBDFFB47FB12F9A1" box="[1109,1219,1195,1221]" degrees="34.02132" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" precision="1" value="34.02132">34.02132</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ABD150554264FFCEFB47FB47FA83F9A1" box="[1229,1362,1195,1221]" degrees="120.38710" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" precision="1" value="-120.3871">-120.38710</geoCoordinate>
),
<quantity id="091D9B774264FFCEFAEEFB47FF7EF98D" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" unit="m" value="14.0" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="9.0">
<elevation id="45C8D1A14264FFCEFAEEFB47FF7EF98D" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" unit="m" value="14.0" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="9.0">9–19 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 8/25/19;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="7E8D3CCF4264FFCEFE95FB23FB3FF98D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4161966327" box="[287,1262,1230,1257]" collectionCode="CASIZ, IZC, SBMNH" county="Carmel" elevation="17" latitude="36.56187" location="Whaler's Cove" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-121.9595" municipality="Tower" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" specimenCode="CASIZ236655, IZC00048448, SBMNH700919, IZC00048446, SBMNH700927, IZC00048447" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCode id="9E439EE94264FFCEFE95FB23FE6EF98D" box="[287,447,1231,1257]" collectionCode="IZC" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">IZC00048447</specimenCode>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="2E3EACE84264FFCEFE40FB23FDC0F98D" box="[458,529,1231,1257]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Tower</collectingMunicipality>
house arches,
<collectingCounty id="273B4E1E4264FFCEFD3CFB23FCDAF98D" box="[694,779,1231,1257]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Carmel</collectingCounty>
, (
<geoCoordinate id="ABD150554264FFCEFC94FB22FC5AF98D" box="[798,907,1230,1257]" degrees="36.56187" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" precision="1" value="36.56187">36.56187</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ABD150554264FFCEFC1DFB22FBCAF98D" box="[919,1051,1230,1257]" degrees="121.95950" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" precision="1" value="-121.9595">-121.95950</geoCoordinate>
),
<quantity id="091D9B774264FFCEFBA4FB23FB54F98D" box="[1070,1157,1231,1257]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" unit="m" value="15.0" valueMax="21.0" valueMin="9.0">
<elevation id="45C8D1A14264FFCEFBA4FB23FB54F98D" box="[1070,1157,1231,1257]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" unit="m" value="15.0" valueMax="21.0" valueMin="9.0">9–21 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 9/21/21.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="86FF65194264FFCEFF4DFB1FFD64FB35" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="CE5A36924264FFCEFF4DFB1FFB8BF869" blockId="26.[151,1437,1122,2013]" box="[199,1114,1267,1293]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="FC91EA804264FFCEFF4DFB1FFE9FF869" bold="true" box="[199,334,1267,1293]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named after Melissa Kamen, a close acquaintance of the first author.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE5A36924264FFCEFF4DFAFBFC18F8F9" blockId="26.[151,1437,1122,2013]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="FC91EA804264FFCEFF4DFAFBFEB0F855" bold="true" box="[199,353,1303,1329]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Morphology.</emphasis>
Encrusting sheets
<quantity id="091D9B774264FFCEFDA4FAFBFD58F855" box="[558,649,1303,1329]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
thick; firm and barely compressible—not spongy as in many
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114264FFCEFAA6FAFBFED5F831" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1862" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" phylum="Porifera" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Reniera">
<emphasis id="FC91EA804264FFCEFAA6FAFBFA4DF855" box="[1324,1436,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Haliclona</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="FC91EA804264FFCEFF2BFAD7FF2BF830" box="[161,250,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Reniera</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
, nor rock hard as in many
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114264FFCEFDB0FAD7FD6BF831" authorityName="Van Soest" authorityYear="1980" box="[570,698,1339,1365]" class="Demospongiae" family="Petrosiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Petrosiidae</taxonomicName>
. Surface patterning very regular, oscules approximately
<quantity id="091D9B774264FFCEFAB6FAD7FAAFF831" box="[1340,1406,1339,1365]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
in diameter, on raised mounds approximately
<quantity id="091D9B774264FFCEFD04FAB3FD03F81D" box="[654,722,1375,1401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
in height, each
<quantity id="091D9B774264FFCEFC19FAB3FC25F81D" box="[915,1012,1375,1401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">4–6 mm</quantity>
from next closest oscule; remaining surface patterned with mesh of visible pores. Beige in life and preserved.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE5A36924264FFCEFF4DFA4AFF31F881" blockId="26.[151,1437,1122,2013]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="FC91EA804264FFCEFF4DFA4AFEE4F8A4" bold="true" box="[199,309,1446,1472]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Skeleton.</emphasis>
Ectosome and choanosome comprised of an isotropic, unispicular reticulation with spongin at the nodes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE5A36924264FFCEFF4DFA02FD64FB35" blockId="26.[151,1437,1122,2013]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="FC91EA804264FFCEFF4DFA02FEE1FB6C" bold="true" box="[199,304,1518,1544]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Spicules.</emphasis>
Oxeas: more variable in width than length; thin oxeas are possibly immature. A small minority modified to styles.
<typeStatus id="115E88304264FFCEFEF8F9FFFE0BFB49" box="[370,474,1555,1581]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
108–148–162 x 2–9–12 μm (n=36), all samples pooled: 103–147–168 x 2–9–12 μm (n=146). Mean lengths per sponge 142–154 μm.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="86FF65194264FFCEFF4DF9B6FED5FA61" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="CE5A36924264FFCEFF4DF9B6FED5FA61" blockId="26.[151,1437,1122,2013]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="FC91EA804264FFCEFF4DF9B6FE3FFB10" bold="true" box="[199,494,1626,1653]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
Found at 3 of 8 shallow subtidal reefs searched from Pescadero Point, on the northern end of Carmel Bay, to the Carmel Highlands, just south of Carmel Bay, but none of the 6 locations searched in Monterey Bay. One additional sample was found at a subtidal site at San Miguel Island in Southern
<collectingRegion id="0C21F8704264FFCEFB78F94FFAB6FBD9" box="[1266,1383,1699,1725]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">California</collectingRegion>
; San Miguel Island is the outermost of the Channel Islands, with colder waters compared to other Southern
<collectingRegion id="0C21F8704264FFCEFAA1F92BFA4CFB85" box="[1323,1437,1735,1761]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">California</collectingRegion>
locations.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="86FF65194264FFCFFF4DF8E3FACDFF59" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="178" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="CE5A36924264FFCFFF4DF8E3FE34FC25" blockId="26.[151,1437,1122,2013]" lastBlockId="27.[151,1436,151,573]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="178" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="FC91EA804264FFCEFF4DF8E3FEEAFA4D" bold="true" box="[199,315,1807,1833]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Remarks.</emphasis>
The somewhat chaotic nature of the spicule reticulation, the incompressible nature of the sponge, and the hastate oxeas make this species a better match for
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114264FFCEFCCCF8DFFBBAFA29" authorityName="de Laubenfels" authorityYear="1932" box="[838,1131,1843,1869]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" phylum="Porifera" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Halichoclona">
<emphasis id="FC91EA804264FFCEFCCCF8DFFC67FA29" box="[838,950,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Haliclona</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="FC91EA804264FFCEFC40F8DFFBB3FA29" box="[970,1122,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Halichoclona</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
than
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114264FFCEFB3AF8DFFA46FA29" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1862" box="[1200,1431,1843,1869]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" phylum="Porifera" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Reniera">
<emphasis id="FC91EA804264FFCEFB3AF8DFFAF1FA29" box="[1200,1312,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Haliclona</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="FC91EA804264FFCEFAB9F8DFFA5DFA28" box="[1331,1420,1843,1868]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Reniera</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
. The skeleton is very similar to
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114264FFCEFD82F8BBFB78FA15" authority="(de Laubenfels, 1932)" baseAuthorityName="de Laubenfels" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[520,1193,1879,1905]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="gellindra" subGenus="Halichoclona">
<emphasis id="FC91EA804264FFCEFD82F8BBFDA9FA15" box="[520,632,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Haliclona</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="FC91EA804264FFCEFD06F8BBFCF5FA15" box="[652,804,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Halichoclona</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="FC91EA804264FFCEFCB2F8BBFC4EFA15" box="[824,927,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">gellindra</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AA744B634264FFCEFC3BF8BBFB73FA15" author="de Laubenfels, M. W." box="[945,1186,1879,1905]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" pagination="1 - 140" refId="ref25222" refString="de Laubenfels, M. W. (1932) The marine and fresh-water sponges of California. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 81, 1 - 140. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.81 - 2927.1" type="journal article" year="1932">de Laubenfels, 1932</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, the
<typeStatus id="115E88304264FFCEFB6FF8BBFAC4FA15" box="[1253,1301,1879,1905]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">type</typeStatus>
species for the subgenus, whose
<typeStatus id="115E88304264FFCEFE04F897FE6FFAF1" box="[398,446,1915,1941]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">type</typeStatus>
location is the intertidal zone in Carmel Bay. However, the oxeas of the new species are very consistently sized, with mean lengths varying from only 142–154 μm, while spicules in
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114264FFCEFB6DF873FAA3FADD" baseAuthorityName="de Laubenfels" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[1255,1394,1951,1977]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="gellindra">
<emphasis id="FC91EA804264FFCEFB6DF873FAA3FADD" box="[1255,1394,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">H. gellindra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are much shorter and thinner: 105–112–122 X 6–6–7 (
<bibRefCitation id="AA744B634264FFCEFD50F82FFC4BFAB9" author="De Weerdt, W. H." box="[730,922,1987,2013]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" pagination="852 - 873" refId="ref23826" refString="De Weerdt, W. H. (2002) Family Chalinidae Gray, 1867. In: Hooper, J. N. A. &amp; van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.), Systema Porifera. A guide to the classification of sponges. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publ., New York, New York, pp. 852 - 873. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4615 - 0747 - 5 _ 91" type="book chapter" year="2002">De Weerdt 2002</bibRefCitation>
). The new species is well differentiated from other named
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114265FFCFFEA1FF7BFE4AFDD5" box="[299,411,151,177]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FC91EA804265FFCFFEA1FF7BFE4AFDD5" box="[299,411,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">Haliclona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the region due to skeletal structure, spicule size, and/or the presence of additional
<typeStatus id="115E88304265FFCFFAEBFF7BFA4DFDD5" box="[1377,1436,151,177]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">types</typeStatus>
of spicules (
<bibRefCitation id="AA744B634265FFCFFE94FF57FE1CFDB1" author="Lee, W. &amp; Elvin, D. &amp; Reiswig, H." box="[286,461,187,213]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" refId="ref25268" refString="Lee, W., Elvin, D. &amp; Reiswig, H. (2007) The sponges of California: A guide and key to the marine sponges of California. Monterey Bay Sanctuary Foundation, Monterey, California, 395 pp." type="book" year="2007">
Lee
<emphasis id="FC91EA804265FFCFFEDBFF57FE5BFDB1" box="[337,394,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">et al.</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
). There are undescribed species of
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114265FFCFFCDFFF57FC14FDB1" box="[853,965,187,213]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FC91EA804265FFCFFCDFFF57FC14FDB1" box="[853,965,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">Haliclona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that have been noted in previous surveys; where sufficient information is provided to make good comparisons, they match the new species poorly. Previously sequenced species of
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114265FFCFFE01FEEFFE2AFC79" box="[395,507,259,285]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FC91EA804265FFCFFE01FEEFFE2AFC79" box="[395,507,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">Haliclona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been found in clades A, B, and C, with the largest number in clade A, where the new species is also found.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE5A36924265FFCFFF4DFEA7FACDFF59" blockId="27.[151,1436,151,573]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">
This species can be tentatively identified in the field in at least some habitats. Samples of this species collected to date are very consistent in form, such that they were correctly identified by the experienced collector before being examined in the lab. A common intertidal
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114265FFCFFDE0FE7FFD0BFCC9" box="[618,730,403,429]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FC91EA804265FFCFFDE0FE7FFD0BFCC9" box="[618,730,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">Haliclona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingRegion id="0C21F8704265FFCFFD77FE7FFCA0FCC9" box="[765,881,403,429]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">California</collectingRegion>
,
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114265FFCFFCF6FE7FFBA5FCC9" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[892,1140,403,429]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" phylum="Porifera" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Haliclona">
<emphasis id="FC91EA804265FFCFFCF6FE7FFC3DFCC9" box="[892,1004,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">Haliclona</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="FC91EA804265FFCFFC71FE7FFBBAFCC9" box="[1019,1131,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">Haliclona</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
sp. A (
<bibRefCitation id="AA744B634265FFCFFB4EFE7FFAB6FCC9" author="Hartman, W. D." box="[1220,1383,402,429]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" pagination="32 - 64" refId="ref24594" refString="Hartman, W. D. (1975) Phylum Porifera. In: Smith, R. I. &amp; Carlton, J. T. (Eds.), Light's Manual: Intertidal Invertebrates of the Central California Coast. 3 rd Edition. University of California Press, Berkeley, California, pp. 32 - 64." type="book chapter" year="1975">Hartman 1975</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AA744B634265FFCFFAF8FE7FFEC5FCB5" author="Lee, W. &amp; Elvin, D. &amp; Reiswig, H." pageId="27" pageNumber="178" refId="ref25268" refString="Lee, W., Elvin, D. &amp; Reiswig, H. (2007) The sponges of California: A guide and key to the marine sponges of California. Monterey Bay Sanctuary Foundation, Monterey, California, 395 pp." type="book" year="2007">
Lee
<emphasis id="FC91EA804265FFCFFF1DFE5BFF01FCB5" box="[151,208,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">et al.</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
), has a very similar gross morphology but much smaller spicules and a ladder-like skeleton.
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114265FFCFFAA6FE5BFF26FC91" authority="Turner &amp; Lonhart, 2023" authorityName="Turner &amp; Lonhart" authorityYear="2023" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="melissae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FC91EA804265FFCFFAA6FE5BFF26FC91" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">Haliclona melissae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FC91EA804265FFCFFF74FE37FE86FC91" bold="true" box="[254,343,475,501]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7A257FB4265FFCFFF74FE37FE86FC91" box="[254,343,475,501]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has not yet been found in the intertidal, but if it occurs there, it would likely be confused with this other species without spicule or DNA data. Other undescribed
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114265FFCFFCDAFE13FC11FF7D" box="[848,960,511,537]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FC91EA804265FFCFFCDAFE13FC11FF7D" box="[848,960,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">Haliclona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occur in the subtidal, but those discovered thus far can be differentiated in the field because they are darker in color and much more compressible.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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