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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697" ID-GBIF-Dataset="89be094e-6732-48a6-b5aa-74053d16f748" ID-GBIF-Taxon="189599952" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1066-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" ID-ZooBank="133CE040A5AF44F1BC9A558C2F06A8AA" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1066-1" checkinTime="1635480455043" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Filander, Zoleka N., Kitahara, Marcelo V., Cairns, Stephen D., Sink, Kerry J. &amp; Lombard, Amanda T." docDate="2021" docId="1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1066: 1-198" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1066" docPubDate="2021-10-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697" docTitle="Heteropsammia cochlea" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" masterDocTitle="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="198" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1635513010010" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Filander, Zoleka N.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6905-4440</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Biodiversity and Coastal Research, Oceans and Coasts, Department of Environment, Forestry, and Fisheries, Cape Town, South Africa &amp; Zoology Department, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">zfilander@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Kitahara, Marcelo V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Ciencias do Mar, Santos, Brazil &amp; Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Sebastiao, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Cairns, Stephen D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sink, Kerry J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, South Africa &amp; Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Lombard, Amanda T.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2021-10-28</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1066</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>198</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1066-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">133CE040A5AF44F1BC9A558C2F06A8AA</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="189599952" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authority="(Spengler, 1781)" baseAuthorityName="Spengler" baseAuthorityYear="1781" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Heteropsammia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteropsammia cochlea" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cochlea">Heteropsammia cochlea (Spengler, 1781)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. A, B Dendrophyllia sp. 1 (SAMC _ A 090158, off Knysna, 333 m A close-up calicular view B lateral view C, G Ednapsammia columnapriva sp. nov. C, D (SAM _ H 1441, off Mossel Bay, 212 m) C calicular view D lateral view E-G (SAMC _ A 090159, off Gouritsmond, 333 m) E calicular view F lateral view G calicular view H Enallopsammia pusilla (DSCS-INV 238, off Gouritsmond, 333 m): lateral view. I, J Enallopsammia rostrata (SAMC _ A 073270, off Port St Johns, 200 m) I close up calicular view J lateral view K, L Endopachys grayi (DEFF _ NANSEN-INV 32, off Shaka's Rock, 185 m) K calicular view L lateral view M, N Endopsammia philippensis (DIIIb 1, off Durban, 442 m) M calicular view N lateral view O, P Heteropsammia cochlea (EIe 1, locality data unknown) O calicular view P lateral view. Scale bars: 10 mm (A-C, E-I, K-P); 100 mm (D, J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604112" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 9O, P</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. A, B Heteropsammia cochlea (ORI _ EIe 1, locality data unknown) A calicular view B lateral view C, D Heteropsammia eupsammides (ZMK, locality data unknown) C calicular view D calicular view E-H Pourtalopsammia togata E, F (SAM _ H 2829, off East London, 146 - 238 m) E calicular view F lateral view G, H (SAM _ H 2831, off Cintsa, 159 m) G calicular view H lateral view I, J Rhizopsammia annae (SAM _ H 1497, off the Agulhas, depth unknown) I calicular view J lateral view K, L Rhizopsammia compacta (SAMC _ A 073041, off Kosi Bay Estuary, 69 m) K calicular view L lateral view M, N Rhizopsammia verrilli (SAM _ H 1502, off Richards Bay, 165 m) M calicular view N lateral view O Tubastraea coccinea (ORI _ EIb 4, Isipingo; depth unknown) P Tubastraea sp. cf. Tubastraea diaphana (SAM _ H 5103, Cape Vidal, 59 m): Calicular view. Scale bars: 10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604113" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 10A, B</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spengler" authorityYear="1781" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Madrepora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madrepora cochlea" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cochlea">Madrepora cochlea</taxonomicName>
Spengler, 1781: 240-248, figs A-D.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authority="Milne-Edwards &amp; Haime, 1851" authorityName="Tenison-Woods" authorityYear="1879" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Psammoseris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psammoseris cylicioides" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cylicioides">Psammoseris cylicioides</taxonomicName>
Tenison-Woods, 1879: 10-11
<bibRefCitation author="Tenison-Woods, JE" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="293 - 300" refId="B278" refString="Tenison-Woods, JE, 1880. On Heteropsammia michelinii, of Edwards and Haime. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 4: 293 - 300" title="On Heteropsammia michelinii, of Edwards and Haime." volume="4" year="1880">. -Tenison-Woods 1880</bibRefCitation>
: 297-299.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Milne-Edwards &amp; Haime" authorityYear="1848" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Heteropsammia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteropsammia michelini" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="michelini">Heteropsammia michelini</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Kent, W" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B147" refString="Kent, W, 1893. The Great Barrier Reef of Australia; its Products and Potentialities. WH Allen and Company, London, [xvii +] 387 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.58247" title="The Great Barrier Reef of Australia; its Products and Potentialities. WH Allen and Company, London, [xvii +] 387 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58247" year="1893">. -Kent 1893</bibRefCitation>
: 106, 177. -
<bibRefCitation author="Wells, J" journalOrPublisher="Papers from the Department of Zoology, University of Queensland" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="107 - 121" refId="B305" refString="Wells, J, 1964. Ahermatypic corals from Queensland. Papers from the Department of Zoology, University of Queensland 2: 107 - 121" title="Ahermatypic corals from Queensland." volume="2" year="1964">Wells 1964</bibRefCitation>
: 108, 120.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Spengler" baseAuthorityYear="1781" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Heteropsammia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteropsammia cochlea" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cochlea">Heteropsammia cochlea</taxonomicName>
. -van der
<bibRefCitation author="Horst, van der C" journalOrPublisher="Coral Reefs" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B131" refString="Horst, van der C, 1922. The Madreporaria of the Siboga Expedition. Part III: Eupsammidae. Siboga-Expeditie 16c: 45-75." title="The Madreporaria of the Siboga Expedition. Part III: Eupsammidae. Siboga-Expeditie 16 c: 45 - 75." year="1922">Horst 1922</bibRefCitation>
: 66-67. -van der
<bibRefCitation author="Horst, van der C" journalOrPublisher="Coral Reefs" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B132" refString="Horst, van der C, 1926. Madreporaria Eupsammidae. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (Series 2, Zoology) 19(1): 43-53. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1926.tb00540.x" title="Madreporaria Eupsammidae. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (Series 2, Zoology) 19 (1): 43 - 53. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1926. tb 00540. x" year="1926">Horst 1926</bibRefCitation>
: 51
<bibRefCitation author="Veron, J" journalOrPublisher="Angus and Robertson, North Ryde (Sydney)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B293" refString="Veron, J, Pichon, M, 1980. Scleractinia of Eastern Australia. Part 3. Australian Institute of Marine Science Monograph Series 4, 422 pp." title="Scleractinia of Eastern Australia. Part 3. Australian Institute of Marine Science Monograph Series 4, 422 pp." year="1980">. -Veron and Pichon 1980</bibRefCitation>
: 416-420, figs 727, 729. -
<bibRefCitation author="Zibrowius, H" journalOrPublisher="Annales de l'Institut Oceanographique, Paris, new series" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="115 - 138" refId="B343" refString="Zibrowius, H, Grygier, M, 1985. Diversity and range of scleractinian coral hosts of Ascothoracida (Crustacea: Maxillopoda). Annales de l'Institut Oceanographique, Paris, new series 61 (2): 115 - 138" title="Diversity and range of scleractinian coral hosts of Ascothoracida (Crustacea: Maxillopoda)." volume="61" year="1985">Zibrowius and Grygier 1985</bibRefCitation>
: 129, figs 43-44. -
<bibRefCitation author="Veron, J" journalOrPublisher="Angus and Robertson, North Ryde (Sydney)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B291" refString="Veron, J, 1986. Corals of Australia and the Indo-Pacific. Angus and Robertson, North Ryde (Sydney)" title="Corals of Australia and the Indo-Pacific." year="1986">Veron 1986</bibRefCitation>
: 576-577
<bibRefCitation author="Hoeksema, B" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Mededelingen" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="221 - 245" refId="B127" refString="Hoeksema, B, Best, M, 1991. New observations on Scleractinian corals from Indonesia, 2: sipunculan-associated species belonging to the genera Heterocyathus and Heteropsammia. Zoologische Mededelingen 65 (16): 221 - 245" title="New observations on Scleractinian corals from Indonesia, 2: sipunculan-associated species belonging to the genera Heterocyathus and Heteropsammia." volume="65" year="1991">. -Hoeksema and Best 1991</bibRefCitation>
: 234-237, figs 24-28 (in part). -
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Western Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="361 - 417" refId="B40" refString="Cairns, S, 1998. Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 18: 361 - 417" title="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia." volume="18" year="1998">Cairns 1998</bibRefCitation>
: 406-408. -
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="31 - 167" refId="B41" refString="Cairns, S, 1999a. Cnidaria Anthozoa: deep-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia from Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna Islands. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 180: 31 - 167" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: deep-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia from Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna Islands." volume="180" year="1999 a">Cairns 1999a</bibRefCitation>
: 132-133. -
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Atoll Research Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="13 - 46" refId="B57" refString="Cairns, S, Hoeksema, B, van der Land, J, 1999. Appendix: List of Extant Stony Corals. Atoll Research Bulletin 459: 13 - 46" title="Appendix: List of Extant Stony Corals." volume="459" year="1999">Cairns et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
: 27
<bibRefCitation author="Veron, J" journalOrPublisher="Angus and Robertson, North Ryde (Sydney)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B292" refString="Veron, J, 2000. Corals of the World. Australian Institute of Marine Science 2: 429." title="Corals of the World. Australian Institute of Marine Science 2: 429." year="2000">. -Veron 2000</bibRefCitation>
: 407. -
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 75" refId="B44" refString="Cairns, S, 2001. A generic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Dendrophylliidae (Cnidaria: Scleractinia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 615: 1 - 75" title="A generic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Dendrophylliidae (Cnidaria: Scleractinia)." volume="615" year="2001">Cairns 2001</bibRefCitation>
: 19-20, pl. 2, figs H-J, pl. 3, figs A-E
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="259 - 329" refId="B45" refString="Cairns, S, 2004a. The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 56: 259 - 329" title="The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia." volume="56" year="2004 a">-Cairns 2004a</bibRefCitation>
: 316. -
<bibRefCitation author="Kitahara, M" journalOrPublisher="Publications Scientifiques du Museum, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B154" refString="Kitahara, M, Cairns, S, 2021. Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos volume 32: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from New Caledonia. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle. Publications Scientifiques du Museum, Paris" title="Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos volume 32: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from New Caledonia. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle." year="2021">Kitahara and Cairns 2021</bibRefCitation>
: 334, 336, figs 176C,178A-C.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Milne-Edwards &amp; Haime" authorityYear="1848" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Heterocyathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heterocyathus aequicostatus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aequicostatus">Heterocyathus aequicostatus</taxonomicName>
. -
<bibRefCitation author="Boshoff, P" journalOrPublisher="Investigational Report" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 45" refId="B21" refString="Boshoff, P, 1981. An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban. Investigational Report 49: 1 - 45" title="An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban." volume="49" year="1981">Boshoff 1981</bibRefCitation>
: 37.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Alcock" authorityYear="1893" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Heteropsammia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteropsammia aphrodes" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aphrodes">Heteropsammia aphrodes</taxonomicName>
. -
<bibRefCitation author="Boshoff, P" journalOrPublisher="Investigational Report" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 45" refId="B21" refString="Boshoff, P, 1981. An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban. Investigational Report 49: 1 - 45" title="An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban." volume="49" year="1981">Boshoff 1981</bibRefCitation>
: 42.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Heteropsammia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteropsammia cochleata" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cochleata">Heteropsammia cochleata</taxonomicName>
. -
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Paper of the Bernice P Bishop Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B48" refString="Cairns, S, 2009. Online appendix: Phylogenetic list of 711 valid Recent azooxanthellate scleractinian species, with their junior synonyms and depth ranges. In: Roberts J, Wheeler, A, Freiwald, A, Cairns S (Eds) Cold water corals: The Biology and Geology of Deep-sea Corals Habitats. Cambridge University Press. https://repository.si.edu/handle/10088/7548" title="Online appendix: Phylogenetic list of 711 valid Recent azooxanthellate scleractinian species, with their junior synonyms and depth ranges. In: Roberts J, Wheeler, A, Freiwald, A, Cairns S (Eds) Cold water corals: The Biology and Geology of Deep-sea Corals Habitats. Cambridge University Press. https: // repository. si. edu / handle / 10088 / 7548" year="2009">Cairns 2009</bibRefCitation>
: 25.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Off Tranquebar, southeastern India, depth unknown
<bibRefCitation author="Spengler, L" journalOrPublisher="Danske Videnskebernes Selskab Skrifter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="240 - 248" refId="B258" refString="Spengler, L, 1781. Beskrivelse over et ganske besynderligt Corall-product, hvilket man, indtil dets Sloegt noermere bestemmes, kunde kalde en Snekke-Madrepore (Madrepora cochlea). Nye Saml. Danske Videnskebernes Selskab Skrifter 1: 240 - 248" title="Beskrivelse over et ganske besynderligt Corall-product, hvilket man, indtil dets Sloegt noermere bestemmes, kunde kalde en Snekke-Madrepore (Madrepora cochlea). Nye Saml." volume="1" year="1781">(Spengler 1781</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The type specimen is presumably lost
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="259 - 329" refId="B45" refString="Cairns, S, 2004a. The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 56: 259 - 329" title="The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia." volume="56" year="2004 a">(Cairns 2004a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" elevation="17" location="Eastern" municipality="Locality" specimenCount="12">
ORI_DIIIe1_3 (
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
), ORI_EIe1 (
<specimenCount type="generic">10 specimens</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:EA8CC55DD8FAEB2891F1C79A7FB5F81D" municipality="Locality" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin, locality data unknown. SAMC_A073006 (
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
):
<collectingMunicipality>Locality</collectingMunicipality>
data unknown;
<specimenCount type="generic">
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="m" value="17.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="m" value="17.0">17 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Kosi Bay Estuary" elevation="72" latitude="-27.216698" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.828297" municipality="Ponta Do Ouro" specimenCount="6">
SAMC_A073051 (
<specimenCount type="generic">6 specimens</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:6B6BD765E475DB4087BE84EDC6767283" county="Kosi Bay Estuary" latitude="-27.216698" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.828297" municipality="Ponta Do Ouro" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" unit="km" value="41.0">41 km</quantity>
south of
<collectingMunicipality>Ponta Do Ouro</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" unit="km" value="26.0">26 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty>Kosi Bay Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="00.11" value="-27.216698">27°13'00.11&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="41.87" value="32.828297">32°49'41.87&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCount type="generic">
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" unit="m" value="72.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" unit="m" value="72.0">72 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="St Lucia Estuary" elevation="46" latitude="-27.911697" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.611694" municipality="Cape Vidal" specimenCount="8">
SAMC_A073061 (
<specimenCount type="generic">8 specimens</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:CC251DBB296894EEC8F7E4D33456E357" county="St Lucia Estuary" latitude="-27.911697" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.611694" municipality="Cape Vidal" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="km" value="25.0">25 km</quantity>
from
<collectingMunicipality>Cape Vidal</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" unit="km" value="23.0">23 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty>St Lucia Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="42.11" value="-27.911697">27°54'42.11&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="42.11" value="32.611694">32°36'42.11&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.2" unit="m" value="46.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="42.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.2" unit="m" value="46.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="42.0">42-
<specimenCount type="generic">50 m.</specimenCount>
</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" elevation="50" latitude="-27.5467" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.7" municipality="Mgobezeleni Estuary" specimenCount="1">
SAMC_A073065 (
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:286511FAB662F75B35F2DD92F0C6D33B" latitude="-27.5467" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.7" municipality="Mgobezeleni Estuary" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" unit="km" value="67.0">67 km</quantity>
from CAPE VIDA/
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
off
<collectingMunicipality>Mgobezeleni Estuary</collectingMunicipality>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="48.12" value="-27.5467">27°32'48.12&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="00.00" value="32.7">32°42'00.00&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCount type="generic">
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="m" value="50.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="m" value="50.0">50 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" elevation="52" latitude="-27.814999" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.640003" municipality="Cape Vidal" specimenCount="3">
SAMC_A073072 (
<specimenCount type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:7D8BD6C57011828F277BE5F290CB8BD4" latitude="-27.814999" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.640003" municipality="Cape Vidal" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" unit="km" value="36.0">36 km</quantity>
from
<collectingMunicipality>Cape Vidal</collectingMunicipality>
/
<locationDeviation location="Mgobezeleni Estuary">
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" unit="km" value="33.0">33 km</quantity>
Mgobezeleni Estuary
</locationDeviation>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="54.00" value="-27.814999">27°48'54.00&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="24.00" value="32.640003">32°38'24.00&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCount type="generic">
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" unit="m" value="52.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" unit="m" value="52.0">52 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Mtentu Estuary" elevation="49" latitude="-32.9217" location="Locality" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.9217" municipality="Port Edward" specimenCount="4">
SAMC_A073084 (
<specimenCount type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:5B8D9990A7DB13386E5C89789AB66584" county="Mtentu Estuary" latitude="-32.9217" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.9217" municipality="Port Edward" name="Locality">Locality</location>
data unknown. SAMC_A073086 (
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:206F500DBFCD306A335CB8CC99AB04C7" county="Mtentu Estuary" latitude="-32.9217" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.9217" municipality="Port Edward" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.29" unit="km" value="329.0">329 km</quantity>
from
<collectingMunicipality>Port Edward</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" unit="km" value="330.0">330 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty>Mtentu Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="18.12" value="-32.9217">32°55'18.12&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="18.12" value="32.9217">32°55'18.12&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCount type="generic">
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" unit="m" value="49.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" unit="m" value="49.0">49 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" elevation="58" latitude="-27.436697" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.7367" municipality="Ponta Do Ouro" specimenCount="1">
SAMC_A073089 (
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:3B158481C8FF5EB3C04F6B90744566D6" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" latitude="-27.436697" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.7367" municipality="Ponta Do Ouro" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" unit="km" value="67.0">67 km</quantity>
south of
<collectingMunicipality>Ponta Do Ouro</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" unit="km" value="14.0">14 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty>Mgobezeleni Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="12.11" value="-27.436697">27°26'12.11&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="12.11" value="32.7367">32°44'12.11&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.5" unit="m" value="57.5" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="55.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.5" unit="m" value="57.5" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="55.0">55-
<specimenCount type="generic">60 m.</specimenCount>
</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" elevation="40" latitude="-27.5267" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.696697" municipality="Cape Vidal" specimenCount="2">
SAMC_A073090 (
<specimenCount type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:BAEBEEDE922DD446455C0CC0F8B30038" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" latitude="-27.5267" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.696697" municipality="Cape Vidal" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" unit="km" value="69.0">69 km</quantity>
from
<collectingMunicipality>Cape Vidal</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty>Mgobezeleni Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="36.12" value="-27.5267">27°31'36.12&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="48.11" value="32.696697">32°41'48.11&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCount type="generic">
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="m" value="40.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="m" value="40.0">40 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" elevation="78" latitude="-27.433296" location="Locality" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.7417" municipality="Ponta Do Ouro" specimenCount="6">
SAMC_A073091 (
<specimenCount type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
), SAMC_A073093 (
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:16C24FCBD76A20BAA6A92D3E8FA8A052" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" latitude="-27.433296" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.7417" municipality="Ponta Do Ouro" name="Locality">Locality</location>
data unknown. SAMC_A073095 (
<specimenCount type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:0A0C37C1A854FF00B441EA740540104B" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" latitude="-27.433296" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.7417" municipality="Ponta Do Ouro" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" unit="km" value="66.0">66 km</quantity>
south of
<collectingMunicipality>Ponta Do Ouro</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty>Mgobezeleni Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="59.87" value="-27.433296">27°25'59.87&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="30.12" value="32.7417">32°44'30.12&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.5" unit="m" value="77.5" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="55.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.5" unit="m" value="77.5" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="55.0">55-
<specimenCount type="generic">100 m.</specimenCount>
</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Kosi Bay Estuary" elevation="78" latitude="-27.225" location="Locality" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.825" municipality="Ponta Do Ouro" specimenCount="6">
SAMC_A073098 (
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:10ECCBA409EE6EF623151D4FAD845F39" county="Kosi Bay Estuary" latitude="-27.225" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.825" municipality="Ponta Do Ouro" name="Locality">Locality</location>
data unknown. SAMC_A073100 (
<specimenCount type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:2A8AB7EF0E0E848701CC898A7D038014" county="Kosi Bay Estuary" latitude="-27.225" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.825" municipality="Ponta Do Ouro" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" unit="km" value="42.0">42 km</quantity>
south of
<collectingMunicipality>Ponta Do Ouro</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" unit="km" value="27.0">27 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty>Kosi Bay Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="30.00" value="-27.225">27°13'30.00&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="30.00" value="32.825">32°49'30.00&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCount type="generic">
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8" unit="m" value="78.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8" unit="m" value="78.0">78 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="St Lucia Estuary" elevation="54" latitude="-27.828299" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.6367" municipality="Cape Vidal" specimenCount="2">
SAMC_A073112 (
<specimenCount type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:B934ECFACDD7FF983724EB50DE5FDD35" county="St Lucia Estuary" latitude="-27.828299" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.6367" municipality="Cape Vidal" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="km" value="35.0">35 km</quantity>
from
<collectingMunicipality>Cape Vidal</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" unit="km" value="32.0">32 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty>St Lucia Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="41.87" value="-27.828299">27°49'41.87&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="12.11" value="32.6367">32°38'12.11&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCount type="generic">
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" unit="m" value="54.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" unit="m" value="54.0">54 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="St Lucia Estuary" elevation="49" latitude="-27.828299" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.6367" municipality="Cape Vidal" specimenCount="5">
SAMC_A073115 (
<specimenCount type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:35051CFAFA116B16D66051573E5DA3F6" county="St Lucia Estuary" latitude="-27.828299" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.6367" municipality="Cape Vidal" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="km" value="35.0">35 km</quantity>
from
<collectingMunicipality>Cape Vidal</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" unit="km" value="32.0">32 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty>St Lucia Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="41.87" value="-27.828299">27°49'41.87&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="12.11" value="32.6367">32°38'12.11&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.85" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.7" unit="m" value="48.5" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="47.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.85" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.7" unit="m" value="48.5" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="47.0">47-
<specimenCount type="generic">50 m.</specimenCount>
</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" elevation="46" latitude="-27.431696" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.7383" municipality="Ponta Do Ouro" specimenCount="13">
SAMC_A073118 (
<specimenCount type="generic">12 specimens</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:F73D1A760F0F5EC45A16AA6BC954C8FE" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" latitude="-27.431696" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.7383" municipality="Ponta Do Ouro" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="km" value="25.0">25 km</quantity>
off
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:4A3BEEAD2C90E8B1FA99D73ECEA9A72E" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" latitude="-27.431696" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.7383" municipality="Ponta Do Ouro" name="Cape Vidal">Cape Vidal</location>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" unit="km" value="23.0">23 km</quantity>
off
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:9ED13059D6D8122FD6859C8507C23FC0" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" latitude="-27.431696" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.7383" municipality="Ponta Do Ouro" name="St Lucia Estuary">St Lucia Estuary</location>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="42.11" value="-27.911697">27°54'42.11&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="42.11" value="32.611694">32°36'42.11&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.2" unit="m" value="46.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="42.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.2" unit="m" value="46.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="42.0">42-50 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; SAMC_A073124 (
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:AB7FA98E0EBBC8DD0BA88FDB65240247" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" latitude="-27.431696" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.7383" municipality="Ponta Do Ouro" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" unit="km" value="66.0">66 km</quantity>
south of
<collectingMunicipality>Ponta Do Ouro</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty>Mgobezeleni Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="54.11" value="-27.431696">27°25'54.11&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="17.88" value="32.7383">32°44'17.88&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" metricValueMax="6.6" metricValueMin="4.6" unit="m" value="56.0" valueMax="66.0" valueMin="46.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" metricValueMax="6.6" metricValueMin="4.6" unit="m" value="56.0" valueMax="66.0" valueMin="46.0">46-
<specimenCount type="generic">66 m.</specimenCount>
</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Estuary" elevation="78" latitude="-27.018297" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.920002" municipality="Sifungwe" specimenCount="1">
SAMC_A073142 (
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:78ABF54D510B4691B4BE92E4C32CCF02" county="Estuary" latitude="-27.018297" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.920002" municipality="Sifungwe" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" unit="km" value="19.0">19 km</quantity>
south of
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:3E52114C6EB887F42A73D73D30091911" county="Estuary" latitude="-27.018297" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.920002" municipality="Sifungwe" name="Ponta Do Ouro">Ponta Do Ouro</location>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="km" value="12.0">12 km</quantity>
off
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:5482244B41B4152F8F91E0B81BF0FAF4" county="Estuary" latitude="-27.018297" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.920002" municipality="Sifungwe" name="Kosi-Kumpungwini">Kosi-Kumpungwini</location>
(
<collectingMunicipality>Sifungwe</collectingMunicipality>
)
<collectingCounty>Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="05.87" value="-27.018297">27°01'05.87&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="12.00" value="32.920002">32°55'12.00&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCount type="generic">
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8" unit="m" value="78.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8" unit="m" value="78.0">78 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Kosi Bay Estuary" elevation="100" latitude="-27.189999" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.85" municipality="Ponta Do Ouro" specimenCount="1">
SAMC_A073143 (
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:F54EA1093D6E3DF7C909D1BE2A758232" county="Kosi Bay Estuary" latitude="-27.189999" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.85" municipality="Ponta Do Ouro" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" unit="km" value="38.0">38 km</quantity>
south of
<collectingMunicipality>Ponta Do Ouro</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" unit="km" value="24.0">24 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty>Kosi Bay Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="24.00" value="-27.189999">27°11'24.00&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="00.00" value="32.85">32°51'00.00&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCount type="generic">
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="100.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" elevation="68" latitude="-27.789997" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.6483" municipality="Cape Vidal" specimenCount="1">
SAMC_A073156 (
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:778D5F16360F3D97E1116B06778FC2AD" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" latitude="-27.789997" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.6483" municipality="Cape Vidal" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" unit="km" value="39.0">39 km</quantity>
from
<collectingMunicipality>Cape Vidal</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" unit="km" value="29.0">29 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty>Mgobezeleni Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="23.99" value="-27.789997">27°47'23.99&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="53.87" value="32.6483">32°38'53.87&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.75" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.5" unit="m" value="67.5" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="65.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.75" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.5" unit="m" value="67.5" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="65.0">65-
<specimenCount type="generic">70 m.</specimenCount>
</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" elevation="68" latitude="-27.789997" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.6483" municipality="Cape Vidal" specimenCount="31">
SAMC_A073170 (
<specimenCount type="generic">31 specimen</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:F7482FE323627605383A232937704FD5" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" latitude="-27.789997" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.6483" municipality="Cape Vidal" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" unit="km" value="39.0">39 km</quantity>
from
<collectingMunicipality>Cape Vidal</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" unit="km" value="29.0">29 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty>Mgobezeleni Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="23.99" value="-27.789997">27°47'23.99&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="53.87" value="32.6483">32°38'53.87&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.75" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.5" unit="m" value="67.5" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="65.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.75" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.5" unit="m" value="67.5" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="65.0">65-
<specimenCount type="generic">70 m.</specimenCount>
</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" elevation="70" latitude="-27.53" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.713333" municipality="Cape Vidal" specimenCount="1">
SAMC_A073192 (
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:F18FFE4E96DEE22409E9C90A40F67619" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" latitude="-27.53" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.713333" municipality="Cape Vidal" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" unit="km" value="69.0">69 km</quantity>
from
<collectingMunicipality>Cape Vidal</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" unit="km" value="7.0">7 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty>Mgobezeleni Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="48.00" value="-27.53">27°31'48.00&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="47.99" value="32.713333">32°42'47.99&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCount type="generic">
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" unit="m" value="70.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" unit="m" value="70.0">70 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" elevation="53" latitude="-27.541697" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.7" municipality="Cape Vidal" specimenCount="1">
SAMC_A073193 (
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:2565E7646125C440E784CF6A64DBCA4E" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" latitude="-27.541697" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.7" municipality="Cape Vidal" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" unit="km" value="67.0">67 km</quantity>
from
<collectingMunicipality>Cape Vidal</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty>Mgobezeleni Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="30.11" value="-27.541697">27°32'30.11&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="00.00" value="32.7">32°42'00.00&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" metricValueMax="5.8" metricValueMin="4.8" unit="m" value="53.0" valueMax="58.0" valueMin="48.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" metricValueMax="5.8" metricValueMin="4.8" unit="m" value="53.0" valueMax="58.0" valueMin="48.0">48-
<specimenCount type="generic">58 m.</specimenCount>
</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" elevation="64" latitude="-27.5633" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.7042" municipality="Cape Vidal" specimenCount="3">
SAMC_A073205 (
<specimenCount type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:5F08BFA12BBB0F03D0451DBDDCB977E7" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" latitude="-27.5633" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.7042" municipality="Cape Vidal" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" unit="km" value="65.0">65 km</quantity>
from
<collectingMunicipality>Cape Vidal</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" unit="km" value="7.0">7 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty>Mgobezeleni Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="47.88" value="-27.5633">27°33'47.88&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="15.12" value="32.7042">32°42'15.12&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCount type="generic">
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" unit="m" value="64.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" unit="m" value="64.0">64 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" elevation="50" latitude="-27.8133" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.6483" municipality="Cape Vidal" specimenCount="30">
SAMC_A073214 (
<specimenCount type="generic">30 specimens</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:D49B52E5712912593E9CB0DFF0F11AFE" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" latitude="-27.8133" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.6483" municipality="Cape Vidal" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" unit="km" value="37.0">37 km</quantity>
from
<collectingMunicipality>Cape Vidal</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" unit="km" value="32.0">32 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty>Mgobezeleni Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="47.88" value="-27.8133">27°48'47.88&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="53.87" value="32.6483">32°38'53.87&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCount type="generic">
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="m" value="50.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="m" value="50.0">50 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Kosi Bay Estuary" elevation="74" latitude="-27.225" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.825" municipality="Ponta Do Ouro" specimenCount="1">
SAMC_A073218 (
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:087111746D0494306540BE5FD7B83565" county="Kosi Bay Estuary" latitude="-27.225" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.825" municipality="Ponta Do Ouro" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" unit="km" value="42.0">42 km</quantity>
south of
<collectingMunicipality>Ponta Do Ouro</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" unit="km" value="27.0">27 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty>Kosi Bay Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="30.00" value="-27.225">27°13'30.00&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="30.00" value="32.825">32°49'30.00&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCount type="generic">
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.4" unit="m" value="74.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.4" unit="m" value="74.0">74 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" elevation="85" latitude="-27.553299" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.7133" municipality="Cape Vidal" specimenCount="1">
SAMC_A090117 (
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:AA6D18ADC46BB3206F3FCD652AF0A830" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" latitude="-27.553299" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.7133" municipality="Cape Vidal" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" unit="km" value="66.0">66 km</quantity>
from
<collectingMunicipality>Cape Vidal</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" unit="km" value="7.0">7 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty>Mgobezeleni Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="11.88" value="-27.553299">27°33'11.88&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="47.87" value="32.7133">32°42'47.87&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCount type="generic">
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" unit="m" value="85.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" unit="m" value="85.0">85 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Mtentu Estuary" elevation="49" latitude="-32.9217" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.9217" municipality="Port Edward" specimenCount="24">
SAMC_A090118 (
<specimenCount type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:AF419A66C710BF55E7C0508A257D0D6D" county="Mtentu Estuary" latitude="-32.9217" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.9217" municipality="Port Edward" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" unit="km" value="59.0">59 km</quantity>
from
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:C27EA21807EA5506EC3396A06B5BEA7C" county="Mtentu Estuary" latitude="-32.9217" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.9217" municipality="Port Edward" name="Cape Vidal">Cape Vidal</location>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
off
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:3CE04583B82A6131EDD8D915CF8B112A" county="Mtentu Estuary" latitude="-32.9217" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.9217" municipality="Port Edward" name="Mgobezeleni Estuary">Mgobezeleni Estuary</location>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="00.00" value="-27.616667">27°37'00.00&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="54.00" value="32.681667">32°40'54.00&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; depth unknown. SAM_H814 (
<specimenCount type="generic">21 specimen</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:C98592033FD19C4B7742BC1124405807" county="Mtentu Estuary" latitude="-32.9217" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.9217" municipality="Port Edward" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" unit="km" value="19.0">19 km</quantity>
from
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:A63463418D6F1A13D7D60FBE9CCF9FA7" county="Mtentu Estuary" latitude="-32.9217" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.9217" municipality="Port Edward" name="Shaka's Rock">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Shaka’s">Shaka's</normalizedToken>
Rock
</location>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="km" value="3.0">3 km</quantity>
off
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:22E274155FC8ED3D4AFC646940918ACA" county="Mtentu Estuary" latitude="-32.9217" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.9217" municipality="Port Edward" name="Mdloti Estuary">Mdloti Estuary</location>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="59.99" value="-29.649998">29°38'59.99&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="31" direction="east" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="59.99" value="31.133331">31°07'59.99&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; depth unknown. USNM 90242 (
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
, sub-sample of SAMC_A073086):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:9DE27ABCDB723C37E583DC5EA9F1C207" county="Mtentu Estuary" latitude="-32.9217" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.9217" municipality="Port Edward" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.29" unit="km" value="329.0">329 km</quantity>
from
<collectingMunicipality>Port Edward</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" unit="km" value="330.0">330 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty>Mtentu Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="18.12" value="-32.9217">32°55'18.12&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="18.12" value="32.9217">32°55'18.12&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCount type="generic">
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" unit="m" value="49.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" unit="m" value="49.0">49 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Kosi Bay Estuary" elevation="72" latitude="-27.216698" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.828297" municipality="Ponta Do Ouro" specimenCount="1">
USNM 90426 (
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:70CE56AF33155C3AC862509B6072CBA4" county="Kosi Bay Estuary" latitude="-27.216698" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.828297" municipality="Ponta Do Ouro" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" unit="km" value="41.0">41 km</quantity>
south of
<collectingMunicipality>Ponta Do Ouro</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" unit="km" value="26.0">26 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty>Kosi Bay Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="00.11" value="-27.216698">27°13'00.11&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="41.87" value="32.828297">32°49'41.87&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCount type="generic">
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" unit="m" value="72.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" unit="m" value="72.0">72 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" elevation="64" latitude="-27.5633" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.7042" municipality="Cape Vidal" specimenCount="5">
USNM 90434 (
<specimenCount type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
, sub-samples of SAMC_A073205):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:A9A1CAAA8755D69E796685DF4566DFDE" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" latitude="-27.5633" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.7042" municipality="Cape Vidal" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" unit="km" value="65.0">65 km</quantity>
from
<collectingMunicipality>Cape Vidal</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" unit="km" value="7.0">7 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty>Mgobezeleni Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="47.88" value="-27.5633">27°33'47.88&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="15.12" value="32.7042">32°42'15.12&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCount type="generic">
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" unit="m" value="64.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" unit="m" value="64.0">64 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" elevation="63" latitude="-27.545" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.7083" municipality="Cape Vidal" specimenCount="1">
USNM 90435 (
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:5BF25ED0304FA6CCD4BE5F625B151D9B" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" latitude="-27.545" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.7083" municipality="Cape Vidal" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" unit="km" value="67.0">67 km</quantity>
from
<collectingMunicipality>Cape Vidal</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty>Mgobezeleni Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="42.00" value="-27.545">27°32'42.00&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="29.88" value="32.7083">32°42'29.88&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCount type="generic">
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" unit="m" value="63.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" unit="m" value="63.0">63 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" elevation="63" latitude="-27.570002" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.701702" municipality="Cape Vidal" specimenCount="11">
USNM 90439 (
<specimenCount type="generic">11 specimen</specimenCount>
):
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BC018A7F120BF9F9A0D23BD2DBA21C3:158B1881B5E718C3E5DBE06AD9F5C670" county="Mgobezeleni Estuary" latitude="-27.570002" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.701702" municipality="Cape Vidal" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" unit="km" value="64.0">64 km</quantity>
from
<collectingMunicipality>Cape Vidal</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" unit="km" value="7.0">7 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty>Mgobezeleni Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="12.00" value="-27.570002">27°34'12.00&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="06.12" value="32.701702">32°42'06.12&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" metricValueMax="6.4" metricValueMin="6.2" unit="m" value="63.0" valueMax="64.0" valueMin="62.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" metricValueMax="6.4" metricValueMin="6.2" unit="m" value="63.0" valueMax="64.0" valueMin="62.0">62-
<specimenCount type="generic">64 m.</specimenCount>
</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Corallum solitary, encapsulating a gastropod shell, with one large efferent pore projecting downward from base of corallum, and several smaller pores on lower theca. Calice elliptical (GCD:LCD = 1.3-1.5); calicular margin lanceted. Largest specimen examined (SAMC_A073170) 11.4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
9.1 mm in CD, and 13.1 mm in H. Upper theca highly porous and usually composed of discontinuous interconnected granular rows. Lower theca granular. Corallum white.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Septa hexamerally arranged in four complete cycles according to the formula: S1-2&gt; S4&gt; S3 (48 septa). S1-2 highly exsert, equally wide, with straight axial margins that fuse to columellar elements. S3 least exsert septa and bear serrate axial margins. S4 fuse to neighbouring septa near calicular margin forming well-developed and porous triangular lancets. In each half-system, a pair of S4 fuses before flanked S3 and reach columella as one septum. S4 upper axial margins highly concave becoming almost vertical after fusing to adjacent S4 near columella. Fossa of moderate depth, containing a spongy columella.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Regional: Eastern margin of South Africa, extending from off Port Edward towards Kosi-Kumpungwini (Sifungwe) Estuary (19 km south of Ponta Do Ouro: Mozambique); 17-100 m. Elsewhere: Widespread throughout the tropical Indo-Pacific
<bibRefCitation author="Veron, J" journalOrPublisher="Angus and Robertson, North Ryde (Sydney)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B293" refString="Veron, J, Pichon, M, 1980. Scleractinia of Eastern Australia. Part 3. Australian Institute of Marine Science Monograph Series 4, 422 pp." title="Scleractinia of Eastern Australia. Part 3. Australian Institute of Marine Science Monograph Series 4, 422 pp." year="1980">(Veron and Pichon 1980</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation author="Hoeksema, B" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Mededelingen" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="221 - 245" refId="B127" refString="Hoeksema, B, Best, M, 1991. New observations on Scleractinian corals from Indonesia, 2: sipunculan-associated species belonging to the genera Heterocyathus and Heteropsammia. Zoologische Mededelingen 65 (16): 221 - 245" title="New observations on Scleractinian corals from Indonesia, 2: sipunculan-associated species belonging to the genera Heterocyathus and Heteropsammia." volume="65" year="1991">; Hoeksema and Best 1991</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="31 - 167" refId="B41" refString="Cairns, S, 1999a. Cnidaria Anthozoa: deep-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia from Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna Islands. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 180: 31 - 167" title="Cnidaria Anthozoa: deep-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia from Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna Islands." volume="180" year="1999 a">Cairns 1999a</bibRefCitation>
); 6-622 m.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Spengler" baseAuthorityYear="1781" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Heteropsammia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteropsammia cochlea" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cochlea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Heteropsammia cochlea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a symbiotic facultative species, known to be zooxanthellate or azooxanthellate in shallow waters and those found in deeper waters being azooxanthellate (Hoeksema and Mathews 2015). The variation in corallum type has resulted in a long standing discussion regarding the number of species represented within
<taxonomicName authorityName="Milne-Edwards &amp; Haime" authorityYear="1848" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Heteropsammia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteropsammia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Heteropsammia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. As such, two valid species are recogniszed (
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. cochlea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cochlea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. cochlea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. eupsammides" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="eupsammides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. eupsammides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Gray, 1849)) on the basis of the number of calices (monostomous or polystomous
<bibRefCitation author="Hoeksema, B" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Mededelingen" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="221 - 245" refId="B127" refString="Hoeksema, B, Best, M, 1991. New observations on Scleractinian corals from Indonesia, 2: sipunculan-associated species belonging to the genera Heterocyathus and Heteropsammia. Zoologische Mededelingen 65 (16): 221 - 245" title="New observations on Scleractinian corals from Indonesia, 2: sipunculan-associated species belonging to the genera Heterocyathus and Heteropsammia." volume="65" year="1991">) (Hoeksema and Best 1991</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Hoeksema, B" journalOrPublisher="Courier Forschungs-Institut Senckenberg" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="263 - 272" refId="B126" refString="Hoeksema, B, 1993. Phenotypic corallum variability in Recent mobile reef corals. Courier Forschungs-Institut Senckenberg 164: 263 - 272" title="Phenotypic corallum variability in Recent mobile reef corals." volume="164" year="1993">Hoeksema 1993</bibRefCitation>
). Whilst
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 75" refId="B44" refString="Cairns, S, 2001. A generic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Dendrophylliidae (Cnidaria: Scleractinia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 615: 1 - 75" title="A generic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Dendrophylliidae (Cnidaria: Scleractinia)." volume="615" year="2001">Cairns (2001)</bibRefCitation>
on the other hand, cautiously acknowledges three (
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. cochlea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cochlea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. cochlea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. eupsammides" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="eupsammides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. eupsammides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Gray, 1849), and
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. moretonensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="moretonensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. moretonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Wells, 1964) in his generic revision of dendrophylliids. Irrespective of this, two species are represented in South Africa, and the differences between the two are elaborated in the account of
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. eupsammides" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="eupsammides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. eupsammides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
below.
<bibRefCitation author="Zibrowius, H" journalOrPublisher="Annales de l'Institut Oceanographique, Paris, new series" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="115 - 138" refId="B343" refString="Zibrowius, H, Grygier, M, 1985. Diversity and range of scleractinian coral hosts of Ascothoracida (Crustacea: Maxillopoda). Annales de l'Institut Oceanographique, Paris, new series 61 (2): 115 - 138" title="Diversity and range of scleractinian coral hosts of Ascothoracida (Crustacea: Maxillopoda)." volume="61" year="1985">Zibrowius and Grygier (1985)</bibRefCitation>
have reported
<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. cochlea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cochlea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. cochlea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Great Barrier Reef and Somalia to host endoparasites of the ascothoracid crustacean
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grygier" authorityYear="1981" class="Maxillopoda" family="Petrarcidae" genus="Petrarca" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Petrarca okadai" order="Laurida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okadai">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Petrarca okadai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, an observation not evident in the South African specimens examined. Additionally, specimens examined include zooxanthellate representatives (&gt; 40 m) (Hoeksema and Best 2015) and should therefore not be considered in biodiversity assessments focusing on azooxanthellate forms.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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