153 lines
40 KiB
XML
153 lines
40 KiB
XML
<document id="4FE520E9507FBB82BB095676AD35C647" ID-DOI="10.1111/zoj.12369" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5364371" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630243507032" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Yan, Ying, Fan, Yangbo, Chen, Xiangrui, Li, Lifang, Warren, Alan, Al-Farraj, Saleh A. & Song, Weibo" docDate="2016" docId="DA7BBB251F2CA130FF5A0563484CFC93" docLanguage="en" docName="zoj12369.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 177 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12369" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FBF0BF18BB2B256F1F8008F27D80BF37.3:ZoolJLinnSoc.2010-2016.journal_article" docStyleId="FBF0BF18BB2B256F1F8008F27D80BF37" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2010-2016.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Blepharisma undulans Stein 1867" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="326" masterDocId="2642C35D1F2AA136FFA506794C12FFFF" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy and phylogeny of three heterotrich ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora), with description of a new Blepharisma species" masterLastPageNumber="334" masterPageNumber="320" pageNumber="326" updateTime="1699196653497" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
<mods:mods id="15D745CD2A7AAD5DDFD718FAF5FEB76D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="661C22777188B2C9AF1C010012E6BA24">
|
||
<mods:title id="32EF2BF7B8A8E3615EE5FD4E8B83FADE">Taxonomy and phylogeny of three heterotrich ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora), with description of a new Blepharisma species</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="4AE97F0B3472B2DD701D175C4DB86179" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="9FF863B227E23E7E0B0968ED1F0DE745">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="43D2B96F1F4E001BD5F359659C7DFA9F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="19884A6E20DA1D5A474E9241DA90CCD8">Yan, Ying</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="B942D801D8F017D985F5F2234B049940" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="E85BCF27508AB944E35F666D48582E74">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="5553F80AEA4DB495DCE2FB518AF0455B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="FC521FA83ACF9C165A54A2D2D6B97B6C">Fan, Yangbo</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="B639AF1FCF8879C591B92B2463781822" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="F97B60451F328E3B90C59D59DD2A1FBF">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="C133C385ADBA784BEE58C5585D2497C3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="E436172AE4E74DD48F41F48167DA4BB1">Chen, Xiangrui</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="E31A0499426AFC97BAF72882CE79D312" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="596B341B42FEA006F60AA0354EB913C7">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="CB844C39E1B7575B397690A2EE9BFE1B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="7FD2DDCA99C88D6827301C5F5CF0CA2C">Li, Lifang</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="6F70F239983A91F4CD7CE7FE12E09092" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="1F536DA33276DA9A63F9A6428DD2B26E">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="60953ACEC59A3F6F2E6BBF3CBC5E272C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="8B774321D9E50DFA5AA4C59DA44070B2">Warren, Alan</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="C63A890FC4D3DB30402BC5C75A64A8D6" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="4DEA57AF0B9D9384E1769A89A180D536">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="84A85E6B77366643EFC85B6EE6EB70DB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="BE1EBBFC220CCFCCDC25A922E087E54A">Al-Farraj, Saleh A.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="602B7027C714344EB0DD1450C2007EE2" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="F2ED67E240EE332A88931BF1DAB942A3">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="28AE5BE77727192478E048077118EDD5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="BB6705CCEEEC9DF9AFDBB61BDB1C5212">Song, Weibo</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="3AE1C432D3A968045535051B276132B0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="8B9CA29D936FA70C78B2EE532503C2A1" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="E3FFDDFF1A1D7572F91E01B33C02E42B">
|
||
<mods:title id="8A906B1E4DA39538D822EB9053215619">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="751FB843ACD68CBCE07D6291F3500C51">
|
||
<mods:date id="2E32DFF1D9B71D09DD945C87F4230BE2">2016</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="1319C68667248A20E463714C3FF744F6" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="127029067945339D572C62EFA9AA0F4B">2016-05-20</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="90067779A7408A965E819AD26118200F" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="F85F719313F9879D8B7F0B7A4EC60A3E">177</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="DB51E094E2EB623C385C4F2C825C9CF7" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="1A7175960567715E05960BA5EAE4BD4B">2</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="D553C7B5DBB9CA6C83659B87C2F5AB8D" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="42C6A9CF4D106B25B04DBE3D7629FE1E">320</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="939693BFC817786C76DC977F489CFE3D">334</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="508AA74D15A86290BE0197AFB4477D5A">
|
||
<mods:url id="6295ED4906068DD0F085FEB3437BABEB">http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12369</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="1970C375C8837421198F8B1AAAC5F4D3">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="122618442C841371D53B8F96080F62C3" type="DOI">10.1111/zoj.12369</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="D438FD8D223EE1EF5DB0192877B99F35" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="59674FAE90AD7013EE490889A3FF2CEA" type="Zenodo-Dep">5364371</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="DA7BBB251F2CA130FF5A0563484CFC93" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DA7BBB251F2CA130FF5A0563484CFC93" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DA7BBB251F2CA130FF5A0563484CFC93" lastPageNumber="326" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">
|
||
<subSubSection id="1AC859B81F2CA130FF5A05634EA1FCD0" box="[255,691,793,815]" pageId="6" pageNumber="326" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="526D0A331F2CA130FF5A05634EA1FCD0" blockId="6.[246,700,793,848]" box="[255,691,793,815]" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">
|
||
<heading id="0925BD5F1F2CA130FF5A05634EA1FCD0" box="[255,691,793,815]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="326" reason="2">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95D271B01F2CA130FF5A05634EA1FCD0" ID-CoL="M64G" authority="STEIN, 1867" authorityName="Stein" authorityYear="1867" box="[255,691,793,815]" class="Heterotrichea" family="Spirostomidae" genus="Blepharisma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Heterotrichida" pageId="6" pageNumber="321" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="undulans">
|
||
<emphasis id="60A6D6211F2CA130FF5A05634E0DFCD2" box="[255,543,794,815]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">BLEPHARISMA UNDULANS</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="364377C21F2CA130FD8205634EA1FCD0" author="Stein F" box="[551,691,793,815]" pageId="6" pageNumber="326" refId="ref9617" refString="Stein F. 1867. Der Organismus der Infusionsthiere nach eigenen Forschungen in systematischer Reihenfolge bearbeitet. II Abtheilung. 1) Darstellung der neuesten Forschungsergebnisse uber Bau, Fortpflanzung und Entwickelung der Infusionsthiere. 2) Naturgeschichte der heterotrichen Infusorien. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, 355 pp." type="book" year="1867">STEIN, 1867</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1AC859B81F2CA130FF530543484CFC93" pageId="6" pageNumber="326" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="526D0A331F2CA130FF5305434EAEFCAF" blockId="6.[246,700,793,848]" box="[246,700,825,848]" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="CAE916B61F2CA130FF5B05434D6EFCB0" box="[254,380,826,847]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[166,245,1357,1376]" captionTargetBox="[177,1438,196,1327]" captionTargetId="figure-81@2.[166,1446,194,1328]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Morphology and infraciliature of Anigsteinia clarissima (A–D), Blepharisma penardi sp. nov. (E, F, K, L), and Blepharisma undulans (G–J). A, left view of a typical individual of A. clarissima. B, paroral membrane of A. clarissima, anterior (double arrowheads) and posterior (arrow) parts are formed of dikinetids with only left basal body ciliated, middle part (arrowhead) formed by trikinetid fragments with all basal bodies ciliated. C, D, general infraciliature of A. clarissima, arrows show paroral membrane. E, left view of a typical individual of B. penardi sp. nov. F, L, dorsal (F) and ventral (L) views of infraciliature of B. penardi sp. nov. from the same specimen, arrow marks paroral membrane. G, left view of a typical individual of B. undulans. H, paroral membrane of B. undulans, anterior part with only right basal bodies ciliated and posterior part with both basal bodies ciliated. I, J, right (I) and left (J) views of B. undulans showing the infraciliature, arrow points to paroral membrane. K, paroral membrane of B. penardi sp. nov., anterior part consists of ciliated monokinetids, posterior part consists of dikinetids with only left basal body ciliated. Abbreviations: AZM, adoral zone of membranelles; CV, contractile vacuole; LCV, lacunar contractile vacuole system; SK, somatic kineties. Scale bars = 100 μm (A, C, D), 70 μm (E, G, I, J, L), 50 μm (B, H, K)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5364373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5364373/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">FIGS 1G–J</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CAE916B61F2CA130FE2C05434DDCFCB0" box="[393,462,826,847]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[142,221,1639,1658]" captionTargetBox="[142,1422,193,1610]" captionTargetId="figure-0@7.[142,1422,193,1610]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Photomicrographs of Blepharisma penardi sp. nov. from life (A–E, I) and after protargol staining (F–H), and Blepharisma undulans from life (J, M) and after protargol staining (K, L). A, C, D, left view, to show the shape variants, arrows in C, D mark the contractile vacuole. Note the cell colour: colourless (A) and dark-brownish (C). B, cytoplasmic granules. E, portion of cortex, showing the tiny, densely arranged cortical granules. F, G, general infraciliature. H, portion of buccal field, arrows point to paroral membrane. I, macronucleus. J, left view of a typical individual. K, right view, to show the two macronuclei. L, posterior portion of oral field, arrows indicate paroral membrane. M, to show cortical granules, note there are some white granules (arrows) amongst the coloured ones. Abbreviations: CV, contractile vacuole; Ma, macronucleus. Scale bars = 70 μm (A, C, D, F, G, J, K), 30 μm (H), 15 μm (B, E, I, L, M)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5364379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5364379/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">4J–M</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CAE916B61F2CA130FE7E05404E93FCB1" box="[475,641,825,847]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[142,219,796,815]" captionTargetBox="[160,1406,202,761]" captionTargetId="figure-438@11.[142,1422,194,766]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Nominal isolates of Blepharisma penardi sp. nov. (A, C, D), Blepharisma steini (B), and Blepharisma undulans (E–K). A, C, D, B. penardi sp. nov., originally described as an unnamed variety of Blepharisma lateritium, from Penard (1922). B, B. steini, from Kahl (1932). E, B. undulans, from Bhandary (1962). F, B. undulans, from Lee & Shin (2009). G, B. undulans, from Kahl (1932). H, B. undulans, from Cela (1972). I, B. undulans, from Suzuki (1954). J, K, B. undulans, from Dragesco & Dragesco-Kernéis (1991). Abbreviation: Ma, macronuclear nodules. Scale bars = 90 μm (B, I), 80 μm (G, F) 50 μm (C, E, H), 40 μm (J, K)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5364383" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5364383/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">6E–K; TABLES</figureCitation>
|
||
1, 4)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="526D0A331F2CA130FF0305194ED8FC2D" blockId="6.[166,781,864,978]" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">
|
||
The morphology and infraciliature of a South Korean population of this species were recently described in detail (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="364377C21F2CA130FF5305E44DD3FC4C" author="Lee ES & Shin MK" box="[246,449,925,947]" pageId="6" pageNumber="326" pagination="41 - 47" refId="ref8975" refString="Lee ES, Shin MK. 2009. New record of ciliates, Blepharisma undulans and B. steini (Ciliophora: Heterotrichida: Blepharismidae) from Korea. Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity 25: 41 - 47." type="journal article" year="2009">Lee & Shin, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Therefore, only a brief note of the Qingdao population is documented here.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="526D0A331F2CA130FF0302634F1FF98B" blockId="6.[166,781,1049,1897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">
|
||
<emphasis id="60A6D6211F2CA130FF0302634E93FBD1" box="[166,641,1049,1071]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">Description based on Qingdao population</emphasis>
|
||
Cells about 120–250 × 35–60 μm
|
||
<emphasis id="60A6D6211F2CA130FE2C02414DC2FBB2" box="[393,464,1080,1101]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">in vivo</emphasis>
|
||
, body shape relatively stable: anterior conspicuously pointed, posterior end widely rounded (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CAE916B61F2CA130FEB1020C4D7CFB75" box="[276,366,1141,1163]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[166,245,1357,1376]" captionTargetBox="[177,1438,196,1327]" captionTargetId="figure-81@2.[166,1446,194,1328]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Morphology and infraciliature of Anigsteinia clarissima (A–D), Blepharisma penardi sp. nov. (E, F, K, L), and Blepharisma undulans (G–J). A, left view of a typical individual of A. clarissima. B, paroral membrane of A. clarissima, anterior (double arrowheads) and posterior (arrow) parts are formed of dikinetids with only left basal body ciliated, middle part (arrowhead) formed by trikinetid fragments with all basal bodies ciliated. C, D, general infraciliature of A. clarissima, arrows show paroral membrane. E, left view of a typical individual of B. penardi sp. nov. F, L, dorsal (F) and ventral (L) views of infraciliature of B. penardi sp. nov. from the same specimen, arrow marks paroral membrane. G, left view of a typical individual of B. undulans. H, paroral membrane of B. undulans, anterior part with only right basal bodies ciliated and posterior part with both basal bodies ciliated. I, J, right (I) and left (J) views of B. undulans showing the infraciliature, arrow points to paroral membrane. K, paroral membrane of B. penardi sp. nov., anterior part consists of ciliated monokinetids, posterior part consists of dikinetids with only left basal body ciliated. Abbreviations: AZM, adoral zone of membranelles; CV, contractile vacuole; LCV, lacunar contractile vacuole system; SK, somatic kineties. Scale bars = 100 μm (A, C, D), 70 μm (E, G, I, J, L), 50 μm (B, H, K)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5364373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5364373/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">Figs 1G</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CAE916B61F2CA130FED9020C4D8BFB74" box="[380,409,1141,1163]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[142,221,1639,1658]" captionTargetBox="[142,1422,193,1610]" captionTargetId="figure-0@7.[142,1422,193,1610]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Photomicrographs of Blepharisma penardi sp. nov. from life (A–E, I) and after protargol staining (F–H), and Blepharisma undulans from life (J, M) and after protargol staining (K, L). A, C, D, left view, to show the shape variants, arrows in C, D mark the contractile vacuole. Note the cell colour: colourless (A) and dark-brownish (C). B, cytoplasmic granules. E, portion of cortex, showing the tiny, densely arranged cortical granules. F, G, general infraciliature. H, portion of buccal field, arrows point to paroral membrane. I, macronucleus. J, left view of a typical individual. K, right view, to show the two macronuclei. L, posterior portion of oral field, arrows indicate paroral membrane. M, to show cortical granules, note there are some white granules (arrows) amongst the coloured ones. Abbreviations: CV, contractile vacuole; Ma, macronucleus. Scale bars = 70 μm (A, C, D, F, G, J, K), 30 μm (H), 15 μm (B, E, I, L, M)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5364379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5364379/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">4J</figureCitation>
|
||
); width to thickness ratio about 2:3. Cells invariably bright pink at low magnification as a result of the presence of cortical granules. Cortical granules about 0.5 μm across, mostly dark rosered in colour although some are white (arrows in
|
||
<figureCitation id="CAE916B61F2CA130FF0303774D13FADB" box="[166,257,1294,1316]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[142,221,1639,1658]" captionTargetBox="[142,1422,193,1610]" captionTargetId="figure-0@7.[142,1422,193,1610]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Photomicrographs of Blepharisma penardi sp. nov. from life (A–E, I) and after protargol staining (F–H), and Blepharisma undulans from life (J, M) and after protargol staining (K, L). A, C, D, left view, to show the shape variants, arrows in C, D mark the contractile vacuole. Note the cell colour: colourless (A) and dark-brownish (C). B, cytoplasmic granules. E, portion of cortex, showing the tiny, densely arranged cortical granules. F, G, general infraciliature. H, portion of buccal field, arrows point to paroral membrane. I, macronucleus. J, left view of a typical individual. K, right view, to show the two macronuclei. L, posterior portion of oral field, arrows indicate paroral membrane. M, to show cortical granules, note there are some white granules (arrows) amongst the coloured ones. Abbreviations: CV, contractile vacuole; Ma, macronucleus. Scale bars = 70 μm (A, C, D, F, G, J, K), 30 μm (H), 15 μm (B, E, I, L, M)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5364379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5364379/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">Fig. 4M</figureCitation>
|
||
), distributed in numerous longitudinal rows between kineties (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CAE916B61F2CA130FEDD03554DE3FABD" box="[376,497,1324,1346]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[142,221,1639,1658]" captionTargetBox="[142,1422,193,1610]" captionTargetId="figure-0@7.[142,1422,193,1610]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Photomicrographs of Blepharisma penardi sp. nov. from life (A–E, I) and after protargol staining (F–H), and Blepharisma undulans from life (J, M) and after protargol staining (K, L). A, C, D, left view, to show the shape variants, arrows in C, D mark the contractile vacuole. Note the cell colour: colourless (A) and dark-brownish (C). B, cytoplasmic granules. E, portion of cortex, showing the tiny, densely arranged cortical granules. F, G, general infraciliature. H, portion of buccal field, arrows point to paroral membrane. I, macronucleus. J, left view of a typical individual. K, right view, to show the two macronuclei. L, posterior portion of oral field, arrows indicate paroral membrane. M, to show cortical granules, note there are some white granules (arrows) amongst the coloured ones. Abbreviations: CV, contractile vacuole; Ma, macronucleus. Scale bars = 70 μm (A, C, D, F, G, J, K), 30 μm (H), 15 μm (B, E, I, L, M)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5364379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5364379/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">Fig. 4J, M</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pellicle soft. Peristome narrow, extending to mid-body region (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CAE916B61F2CA130FDCD03324EC9FA9F" box="[616,731,1355,1377]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[166,245,1357,1376]" captionTargetBox="[177,1438,196,1327]" captionTargetId="figure-81@2.[166,1446,194,1328]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Morphology and infraciliature of Anigsteinia clarissima (A–D), Blepharisma penardi sp. nov. (E, F, K, L), and Blepharisma undulans (G–J). A, left view of a typical individual of A. clarissima. B, paroral membrane of A. clarissima, anterior (double arrowheads) and posterior (arrow) parts are formed of dikinetids with only left basal body ciliated, middle part (arrowhead) formed by trikinetid fragments with all basal bodies ciliated. C, D, general infraciliature of A. clarissima, arrows show paroral membrane. E, left view of a typical individual of B. penardi sp. nov. F, L, dorsal (F) and ventral (L) views of infraciliature of B. penardi sp. nov. from the same specimen, arrow marks paroral membrane. G, left view of a typical individual of B. undulans. H, paroral membrane of B. undulans, anterior part with only right basal bodies ciliated and posterior part with both basal bodies ciliated. I, J, right (I) and left (J) views of B. undulans showing the infraciliature, arrow points to paroral membrane. K, paroral membrane of B. penardi sp. nov., anterior part consists of ciliated monokinetids, posterior part consists of dikinetids with only left basal body ciliated. Abbreviations: AZM, adoral zone of membranelles; CV, contractile vacuole; LCV, lacunar contractile vacuole system; SK, somatic kineties. Scale bars = 100 μm (A, C, D), 70 μm (E, G, I, J, L), 50 μm (B, H, K)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5364373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5364373/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">Figs 1G, I</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CAE916B61F2CA130FD4F03324CA9FA80" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[142,221,1639,1658]" captionTargetBox="[142,1422,193,1610]" captionTargetId="figure-0@7.[142,1422,193,1610]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Photomicrographs of Blepharisma penardi sp. nov. from life (A–E, I) and after protargol staining (F–H), and Blepharisma undulans from life (J, M) and after protargol staining (K, L). A, C, D, left view, to show the shape variants, arrows in C, D mark the contractile vacuole. Note the cell colour: colourless (A) and dark-brownish (C). B, cytoplasmic granules. E, portion of cortex, showing the tiny, densely arranged cortical granules. F, G, general infraciliature. H, portion of buccal field, arrows point to paroral membrane. I, macronucleus. J, left view of a typical individual. K, right view, to show the two macronuclei. L, posterior portion of oral field, arrows indicate paroral membrane. M, to show cortical granules, note there are some white granules (arrows) amongst the coloured ones. Abbreviations: CV, contractile vacuole; Ma, macronucleus. Scale bars = 70 μm (A, C, D, F, G, J, K), 30 μm (H), 15 μm (B, E, I, L, M)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5364379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5364379/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">4J, K</figureCitation>
|
||
). Paroral membrane difficult to detect
|
||
<emphasis id="60A6D6211F2CA130FDF803134EB5FA80" box="[605,679,1386,1407]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">in vivo</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="CAE916B61F2CA130FD1003104F12FA7F" box="[693,768,1385,1408]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[142,221,1639,1658]" captionTargetBox="[142,1422,193,1610]" captionTargetId="figure-0@7.[142,1422,193,1610]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Photomicrographs of Blepharisma penardi sp. nov. from life (A–E, I) and after protargol staining (F–H), and Blepharisma undulans from life (J, M) and after protargol staining (K, L). A, C, D, left view, to show the shape variants, arrows in C, D mark the contractile vacuole. Note the cell colour: colourless (A) and dark-brownish (C). B, cytoplasmic granules. E, portion of cortex, showing the tiny, densely arranged cortical granules. F, G, general infraciliature. H, portion of buccal field, arrows point to paroral membrane. I, macronucleus. J, left view of a typical individual. K, right view, to show the two macronuclei. L, posterior portion of oral field, arrows indicate paroral membrane. M, to show cortical granules, note there are some white granules (arrows) amongst the coloured ones. Abbreviations: CV, contractile vacuole; Ma, macronucleus. Scale bars = 70 μm (A, C, D, F, G, J, K), 30 μm (H), 15 μm (B, E, I, L, M)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5364379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5364379/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">Fig. 4J</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cytoplasm usually packed with several food vacuoles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CAE916B61F2CA130FF0B03DE4CECFA42" box="[174,254,1447,1469]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[142,221,1639,1658]" captionTargetBox="[142,1422,193,1610]" captionTargetId="figure-0@7.[142,1422,193,1610]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Photomicrographs of Blepharisma penardi sp. nov. from life (A–E, I) and after protargol staining (F–H), and Blepharisma undulans from life (J, M) and after protargol staining (K, L). A, C, D, left view, to show the shape variants, arrows in C, D mark the contractile vacuole. Note the cell colour: colourless (A) and dark-brownish (C). B, cytoplasmic granules. E, portion of cortex, showing the tiny, densely arranged cortical granules. F, G, general infraciliature. H, portion of buccal field, arrows point to paroral membrane. I, macronucleus. J, left view of a typical individual. K, right view, to show the two macronuclei. L, posterior portion of oral field, arrows indicate paroral membrane. M, to show cortical granules, note there are some white granules (arrows) amongst the coloured ones. Abbreviations: CV, contractile vacuole; Ma, macronucleus. Scale bars = 70 μm (A, C, D, F, G, J, K), 30 μm (H), 15 μm (B, E, I, L, M)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5364379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5364379/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">Fig. 4J</figureCitation>
|
||
). Two ellipsoidal macronuclear nodules, about 30 × 20 μm in stained individuals, one located in anterior and the other in posterior half of body, nuclear connective strand not detected (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CAE916B61F2CA130FDF9007B4ED3F9E7" box="[604,705,1538,1560]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[166,245,1357,1376]" captionTargetBox="[177,1438,196,1327]" captionTargetId="figure-81@2.[166,1446,194,1328]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Morphology and infraciliature of Anigsteinia clarissima (A–D), Blepharisma penardi sp. nov. (E, F, K, L), and Blepharisma undulans (G–J). A, left view of a typical individual of A. clarissima. B, paroral membrane of A. clarissima, anterior (double arrowheads) and posterior (arrow) parts are formed of dikinetids with only left basal body ciliated, middle part (arrowhead) formed by trikinetid fragments with all basal bodies ciliated. C, D, general infraciliature of A. clarissima, arrows show paroral membrane. E, left view of a typical individual of B. penardi sp. nov. F, L, dorsal (F) and ventral (L) views of infraciliature of B. penardi sp. nov. from the same specimen, arrow marks paroral membrane. G, left view of a typical individual of B. undulans. H, paroral membrane of B. undulans, anterior part with only right basal bodies ciliated and posterior part with both basal bodies ciliated. I, J, right (I) and left (J) views of B. undulans showing the infraciliature, arrow points to paroral membrane. K, paroral membrane of B. penardi sp. nov., anterior part consists of ciliated monokinetids, posterior part consists of dikinetids with only left basal body ciliated. Abbreviations: AZM, adoral zone of membranelles; CV, contractile vacuole; LCV, lacunar contractile vacuole system; SK, somatic kineties. Scale bars = 100 μm (A, C, D), 70 μm (E, G, I, J, L), 50 μm (B, H, K)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5364373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5364373/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">Figs 1G</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CAE916B61F2CA130FD7D007A4F12F9E6" box="[728,768,1539,1561]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[142,221,1639,1658]" captionTargetBox="[142,1422,193,1610]" captionTargetId="figure-0@7.[142,1422,193,1610]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Photomicrographs of Blepharisma penardi sp. nov. from life (A–E, I) and after protargol staining (F–H), and Blepharisma undulans from life (J, M) and after protargol staining (K, L). A, C, D, left view, to show the shape variants, arrows in C, D mark the contractile vacuole. Note the cell colour: colourless (A) and dark-brownish (C). B, cytoplasmic granules. E, portion of cortex, showing the tiny, densely arranged cortical granules. F, G, general infraciliature. H, portion of buccal field, arrows point to paroral membrane. I, macronucleus. J, left view of a typical individual. K, right view, to show the two macronuclei. L, posterior portion of oral field, arrows indicate paroral membrane. M, to show cortical granules, note there are some white granules (arrows) amongst the coloured ones. Abbreviations: CV, contractile vacuole; Ma, macronucleus. Scale bars = 70 μm (A, C, D, F, G, J, K), 30 μm (H), 15 μm (B, E, I, L, M)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5364379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5364379/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">4K</figureCitation>
|
||
). Micronucleus not detected. Contractile vacuole
|
||
<emphasis id="60A6D6211F2CA130FD14005B4ED0F9C8" box="[689,706,1570,1591]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">c.</emphasis>
|
||
15 μm in diameter terminally located (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CAE916B61F2CA130FDB100394E7CF9AA" box="[532,622,1600,1622]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[166,245,1357,1376]" captionTargetBox="[177,1438,196,1327]" captionTargetId="figure-81@2.[166,1446,194,1328]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Morphology and infraciliature of Anigsteinia clarissima (A–D), Blepharisma penardi sp. nov. (E, F, K, L), and Blepharisma undulans (G–J). A, left view of a typical individual of A. clarissima. B, paroral membrane of A. clarissima, anterior (double arrowheads) and posterior (arrow) parts are formed of dikinetids with only left basal body ciliated, middle part (arrowhead) formed by trikinetid fragments with all basal bodies ciliated. C, D, general infraciliature of A. clarissima, arrows show paroral membrane. E, left view of a typical individual of B. penardi sp. nov. F, L, dorsal (F) and ventral (L) views of infraciliature of B. penardi sp. nov. from the same specimen, arrow marks paroral membrane. G, left view of a typical individual of B. undulans. H, paroral membrane of B. undulans, anterior part with only right basal bodies ciliated and posterior part with both basal bodies ciliated. I, J, right (I) and left (J) views of B. undulans showing the infraciliature, arrow points to paroral membrane. K, paroral membrane of B. penardi sp. nov., anterior part consists of ciliated monokinetids, posterior part consists of dikinetids with only left basal body ciliated. Abbreviations: AZM, adoral zone of membranelles; CV, contractile vacuole; LCV, lacunar contractile vacuole system; SK, somatic kineties. Scale bars = 100 μm (A, C, D), 70 μm (E, G, I, J, L), 50 μm (B, H, K)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5364373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5364373/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">Figs 1G</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CAE916B61F2CA130FDD900394E8BF9A9" box="[636,665,1600,1622]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[142,221,1639,1658]" captionTargetBox="[142,1422,193,1610]" captionTargetId="figure-0@7.[142,1422,193,1610]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Photomicrographs of Blepharisma penardi sp. nov. from life (A–E, I) and after protargol staining (F–H), and Blepharisma undulans from life (J, M) and after protargol staining (K, L). A, C, D, left view, to show the shape variants, arrows in C, D mark the contractile vacuole. Note the cell colour: colourless (A) and dark-brownish (C). B, cytoplasmic granules. E, portion of cortex, showing the tiny, densely arranged cortical granules. F, G, general infraciliature. H, portion of buccal field, arrows point to paroral membrane. I, macronucleus. J, left view of a typical individual. K, right view, to show the two macronuclei. L, posterior portion of oral field, arrows indicate paroral membrane. M, to show cortical granules, note there are some white granules (arrows) amongst the coloured ones. Abbreviations: CV, contractile vacuole; Ma, macronucleus. Scale bars = 70 μm (A, C, D, F, G, J, K), 30 μm (H), 15 μm (B, E, I, L, M)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5364379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5364379/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">4J</figureCitation>
|
||
). Locomotion mainly by gliding slowly on bottom of Petri dish.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="526D0A331F2CA130FF1B0004484CFC93" blockId="6.[166,781,1049,1897]" lastBlockId="6.[828,1443,793,877]" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">
|
||
Infraciliature consists entirely of dikinetids. Adoral zone composed of 42–68 membranelles, each of which consist of one short and two long rows of basal bodies. Paroral membrane composed of dikinetids: in anteri- or half only right basal body of each pair is ciliated, in posterior half both pairs are ciliated (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CAE916B61F2CA130FDD3016F4EC3F8D4" box="[630,721,1814,1836]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[166,245,1357,1376]" captionTargetBox="[177,1438,196,1327]" captionTargetId="figure-81@2.[166,1446,194,1328]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Morphology and infraciliature of Anigsteinia clarissima (A–D), Blepharisma penardi sp. nov. (E, F, K, L), and Blepharisma undulans (G–J). A, left view of a typical individual of A. clarissima. B, paroral membrane of A. clarissima, anterior (double arrowheads) and posterior (arrow) parts are formed of dikinetids with only left basal body ciliated, middle part (arrowhead) formed by trikinetid fragments with all basal bodies ciliated. C, D, general infraciliature of A. clarissima, arrows show paroral membrane. E, left view of a typical individual of B. penardi sp. nov. F, L, dorsal (F) and ventral (L) views of infraciliature of B. penardi sp. nov. from the same specimen, arrow marks paroral membrane. G, left view of a typical individual of B. undulans. H, paroral membrane of B. undulans, anterior part with only right basal bodies ciliated and posterior part with both basal bodies ciliated. I, J, right (I) and left (J) views of B. undulans showing the infraciliature, arrow points to paroral membrane. K, paroral membrane of B. penardi sp. nov., anterior part consists of ciliated monokinetids, posterior part consists of dikinetids with only left basal body ciliated. Abbreviations: AZM, adoral zone of membranelles; CV, contractile vacuole; LCV, lacunar contractile vacuole system; SK, somatic kineties. Scale bars = 100 μm (A, C, D), 70 μm (E, G, I, J, L), 50 μm (B, H, K)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5364373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5364373/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">Figs 1H</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CAE916B61F2CA130FD7A016F4F13F8D3" box="[735,769,1814,1836]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[142,221,1639,1658]" captionTargetBox="[142,1422,193,1610]" captionTargetId="figure-0@7.[142,1422,193,1610]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Photomicrographs of Blepharisma penardi sp. nov. from life (A–E, I) and after protargol staining (F–H), and Blepharisma undulans from life (J, M) and after protargol staining (K, L). A, C, D, left view, to show the shape variants, arrows in C, D mark the contractile vacuole. Note the cell colour: colourless (A) and dark-brownish (C). B, cytoplasmic granules. E, portion of cortex, showing the tiny, densely arranged cortical granules. F, G, general infraciliature. H, portion of buccal field, arrows point to paroral membrane. I, macronucleus. J, left view of a typical individual. K, right view, to show the two macronuclei. L, posterior portion of oral field, arrows indicate paroral membrane. M, to show cortical granules, note there are some white granules (arrows) amongst the coloured ones. Abbreviations: CV, contractile vacuole; Ma, macronucleus. Scale bars = 70 μm (A, C, D, F, G, J, K), 30 μm (H), 15 μm (B, E, I, L, M)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5364379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5364379/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">4L</figureCitation>
|
||
). Twenty-one to 27 ciliary rows arranged longitudinally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CAE916B61F2CA130FF6E012A4D20F897" box="[203,306,1875,1897]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[166,245,1357,1376]" captionTargetBox="[177,1438,196,1327]" captionTargetId="figure-81@2.[166,1446,194,1328]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Morphology and infraciliature of Anigsteinia clarissima (A–D), Blepharisma penardi sp. nov. (E, F, K, L), and Blepharisma undulans (G–J). A, left view of a typical individual of A. clarissima. B, paroral membrane of A. clarissima, anterior (double arrowheads) and posterior (arrow) parts are formed of dikinetids with only left basal body ciliated, middle part (arrowhead) formed by trikinetid fragments with all basal bodies ciliated. C, D, general infraciliature of A. clarissima, arrows show paroral membrane. E, left view of a typical individual of B. penardi sp. nov. F, L, dorsal (F) and ventral (L) views of infraciliature of B. penardi sp. nov. from the same specimen, arrow marks paroral membrane. G, left view of a typical individual of B. undulans. H, paroral membrane of B. undulans, anterior part with only right basal bodies ciliated and posterior part with both basal bodies ciliated. I, J, right (I) and left (J) views of B. undulans showing the infraciliature, arrow points to paroral membrane. K, paroral membrane of B. penardi sp. nov., anterior part consists of ciliated monokinetids, posterior part consists of dikinetids with only left basal body ciliated. Abbreviations: AZM, adoral zone of membranelles; CV, contractile vacuole; LCV, lacunar contractile vacuole system; SK, somatic kineties. Scale bars = 100 μm (A, C, D), 70 μm (E, G, I, J, L), 50 μm (B, H, K)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5364373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5364373/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">Fig. 1I, J</figureCitation>
|
||
), cilia about 10 μm long
|
||
<emphasis id="60A6D6211F2CA130FDE8012D4E89F896" box="[589,667,1876,1897]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">in vivo</emphasis>
|
||
. Amongst these about nine to 12 postoral (right side) rows are shortened, i.e. only 11–16 kineties extend complete length of cell (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CAE916B61F2CA130FC43052E485DFC93" box="[998,1103,855,877]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[166,245,1357,1376]" captionTargetBox="[177,1438,196,1327]" captionTargetId="figure-81@2.[166,1446,194,1328]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Morphology and infraciliature of Anigsteinia clarissima (A–D), Blepharisma penardi sp. nov. (E, F, K, L), and Blepharisma undulans (G–J). A, left view of a typical individual of A. clarissima. B, paroral membrane of A. clarissima, anterior (double arrowheads) and posterior (arrow) parts are formed of dikinetids with only left basal body ciliated, middle part (arrowhead) formed by trikinetid fragments with all basal bodies ciliated. C, D, general infraciliature of A. clarissima, arrows show paroral membrane. E, left view of a typical individual of B. penardi sp. nov. F, L, dorsal (F) and ventral (L) views of infraciliature of B. penardi sp. nov. from the same specimen, arrow marks paroral membrane. G, left view of a typical individual of B. undulans. H, paroral membrane of B. undulans, anterior part with only right basal bodies ciliated and posterior part with both basal bodies ciliated. I, J, right (I) and left (J) views of B. undulans showing the infraciliature, arrow points to paroral membrane. K, paroral membrane of B. penardi sp. nov., anterior part consists of ciliated monokinetids, posterior part consists of dikinetids with only left basal body ciliated. Abbreviations: AZM, adoral zone of membranelles; CV, contractile vacuole; LCV, lacunar contractile vacuole system; SK, somatic kineties. Scale bars = 100 μm (A, C, D), 70 μm (E, G, I, J, L), 50 μm (B, H, K)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5364373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5364373/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="326">Fig. 1I, J</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |