230 lines
28 KiB
XML
230 lines
28 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="9B1B2C2B78CE328FC606D42293420276">Taxonomy and diversity of coelobite bryozoans from drift coral cobbles on Co To Island, northern Vietnam</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B25849F4301D8D0ABE3CB18FC87A9432">Dick, Matthew H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A515468538651B82EB1F1BDDE127C558">Ngai, Nguyen Danh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="14A1F39F606D516C823611A68689265E">Doan, Hung Dinh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="808E898FC5C7A5EA8B5062A81028E18A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="CCC8B553FC473EB3971A299F5F27CEE8">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="CD3D2E24CC46FFFCB191FF28FBA3189D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3703664" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162381141" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3703664" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CD3D2E24CC46FFFCB191FF28FBA3189D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CD3D2E24CC46FFFCB191FF28FBA3189D" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="211" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
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<subSubSection id="0D8ECCB9CC46FFFFB191FF28FDE71CC8" box="[151,545,153,179]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="452B9F32CC46FFFFB191FF28FDE71CC8" blockId="9.[151,545,153,215]" box="[151,545,153,179]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
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<heading id="1E63285ECC46FFFFB191FF28FDE71CC8" bold="true" box="[151,545,153,179]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="8294E4B1CC46FFFFB191FF28FDE71CC8" ID-CoL="67L2X" authority="(Hincks, 1880)" baseAuthorityName="Hincks" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[151,545,153,179]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Antroporidae" genus="Antropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="minor">
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<emphasis id="77E04320CC46FFFFB191FF28FDE71CC8" bold="true" box="[151,545,153,179]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
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<emphasis id="77E04320CC46FFFFB191FF28FEA31CC8" bold="true" box="[151,357,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Antropora minor</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="2105E2C3CC46FFFFB073FF28FDDF1CC8" author="Hincks, T." box="[373,537,153,179]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" pagination="81 - 92" refId="ref30035" refString="Hincks, T. (1880) Contributions towards a general history of the marine Polyzoa. II. Foreign Membraniporina. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 6, 81 - 92, pls. 9 - 11. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938009458895" type="journal article" year="1880">Hincks, 1880</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="0D8ECCB9CC46FFFFB191FF0CFC2C1D61" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="452B9F32CC46FFFFB191FF0CFE9B1CAC" blockId="9.[151,545,153,215]" box="[151,349,189,215]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
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(
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<figureCitation id="DDAF83B7CC46FFFFB199FF0CFF201CAC" box="[159,230,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1787,1812]" captionTargetBox="[165,1422,473,1762]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[165,1422,473,1762]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. A, B. Cranosina coronata (Hincks, 1881), VNMN-0215. A. Part of colony. B. autozooids and avicularia. C–F. Antropora minor (Hincks, 1880). C. Young colony with ancestrula (asterisk), partly overgrown by the foraminiferan Planorbulina larvata (bottom) and forming stand-off with it (upper left), VNMN-0218. D. Autozooids and avicularia, VNMN-0217. E. Autozooids and avicularia, with left-center autozooid having vestigial ooecium, and several autozooids having smooth, raised prominence (gymnocystal papilla) at proximal end, VNMN-0217. F. Non-ooeciate autozooid (left-center), ooeciate autozooid (lower right), and vicarious avicularium (upper right), VNMN-0276. Scale bars: A, C, 1 mm; B, 500 µm; D, 300 µm; E, 150 µm; F, 200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3694748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3694748/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Figs 4</figureCitation>
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C–F; 20B)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="452B9F32CC46FFFFB191FEB3FC2C1D61" blockId="9.[151,1437,257,343]" box="[151,1002,257,282]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
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“?
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<taxonomicName id="8294E4B1CC46FFFFB1B2FEB3FDD41D61" authority=", S. Wood" authorityName="S. Wood" box="[180,530,257,282]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Membraniporidae" genus="Membranipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="trifolium">
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<emphasis id="77E04320CC46FFFFB1B2FEB3FE6B1D61" box="[180,429,258,282]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Membranipora trifolium</emphasis>
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, S. Wood
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="8294E4B1CC46FFFFB31AFEB3FD431D62" authority="Hincks, 1880, p. 87" authorityName="Hincks" authorityPageNumber="87" authorityYear="1880" box="[540,645,258,281]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" rank="variety" variety="minor">
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var.
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<emphasis id="77E04320CC46FFFFB34EFEB3FD431D62" box="[584,645,258,281]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">minor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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”
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<bibRefCitation id="2105E2C3CC46FFFFB390FEB0FCD91D61" author="Hincks, T." box="[662,799,257,282]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" pagination="81 - 92" refId="ref30035" refString="Hincks, T. (1880) Contributions towards a general history of the marine Polyzoa. II. Foreign Membraniporina. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 6, 81 - 92, pls. 9 - 11. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938009458895" type="journal article" year="1880">Hincks, 1880</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 87, pl. 11, fig. 6.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="0D8ECCB9CC46FFFFB191FE90FAB31D2C" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="452B9F32CC46FFFFB191FE90FAB31D2C" blockId="9.[151,1437,257,343]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
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<taxonomicName id="8294E4B1CC46FFFFB191FE90FDE41D43" ID-CoL="67L2X" authority=": Tilbrook 1998, p. 34" authorityName="Tilbrook" authorityPageNumber="34" authorityYear="1998" box="[151,546,288,313]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Antroporidae" genus="Antropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="minor">
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<emphasis id="77E04320CC46FFFFB191FE90FE851D43" box="[151,323,289,312]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Antropora minor</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="2105E2C3CC46FFFFB049FE91FE241D43" author="Tilbrook, K. J." box="[335,482,288,313]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" pagination="25 - 49" refId="ref32584" refString="Tilbrook, K. J. (1998) The species of Antropora Norman, 1903 (Bryozoa: Cheilostomatida), with the description of a new genus in the Calloporoidea. Records of the South Australian Museum, 31, 25 - 49." type="journal article" year="1998">Tilbrook 1998</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 34
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</taxonomicName>
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, fig. 2A–F, and synonyms therein;
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<bibRefCitation id="2105E2C3CC46FFFFB285FE91FB891D43" author="Tilbrook, K. J. & Hayward, P. J. & Gordon, D. P." box="[899,1103,288,313]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" pagination="35 - 109" refId="ref32774" refString="Tilbrook, K. J., Hayward, P. J. & Gordon, D. P. (2001) Cheilostomatous Bryozoa from Vanuatu. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 131, 35 - 109. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2001. tb 01309. x" type="journal article" year="2001">
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Tilbrook
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<emphasis id="77E04320CC46FFFFB2E7FE90FBCB1D43" box="[993,1037,288,312]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">et al</emphasis>
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. 2001
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</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 41, fig. 3A;
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<bibRefCitation id="2105E2C3CC46FFFFB5EAFE91FAB91D42" author="Tilbrook, K. J." box="[1260,1407,288,313]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" refId="ref32691" refString="Tilbrook, K. J. (2006) Cheilostomatous Bryozoa of the Solomon Islands. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara, 386 pp." type="book" year="2006">Tilbrook 2006</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 30, pl. 4B;
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<bibRefCitation id="2105E2C3CC46FFFFB03EFE8FFE181D2C" author="Dick, M. H. & Tilbrook, K. J. & Mawatari, S. F." box="[312,478,318,343]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" pagination="2197 - 2257" refId="ref29065" refString="Dick, M. H., Tilbrook, K. J. & Mawatari, S. F. (2006) Diversity and taxonomy of rocky-intertidal Bryozoa on the Island of Hawaii, USA. Journal of Natural History, 40, 2197 - 2257. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930601062771" type="journal article" year="2006">
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Dick
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<emphasis id="77E04320CC46FFFFB076FEF1FE651D2C" box="[368,419,319,343]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">et al.</emphasis>
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||
2006
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 2209, fig. 5A, B;
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<bibRefCitation id="2105E2C3CC46FFFFB3B2FE8FFCB31D2C" author="Gordon, D. P. & Hossain, Md. M. M. & Wood, T. S." box="[692,885,318,343]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" pagination="45 - 58" refId="ref29353" refString="Gordon, D. P., Hossain, Md. M. M. & Wood, T. S. (2007) The known and anticipated bryozoan diversity of Bangladesh. Journal of Taxonomy and Biodiversity Research, 1, 45 - 58." type="journal article" year="2007">
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Gordon
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<emphasis id="77E04320CC46FFFFB201FEF1FCFD1D2C" box="[775,827,319,343]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">et al.</emphasis>
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2007
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</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 48, fig. 1G;
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<bibRefCitation id="2105E2C3CC46FFFFB512FE8FFB1B1D2C" author="Taylor, P. D. & Tan, S. - H. A." box="[1044,1245,318,343]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref32486" refString="Taylor, P. D. & Tan, S. - H. A. (2015) Cheilostome Bryozoa from Penang and Langkawi, Malaysia. European Journal of Taxonomy, 149, 1 - 34. https: // doi. org / 10.5852 / ejt. 2015.149" type="journal article" year="2015">Taylor & Tan, 2015</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 13, fig. 7A.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0D8ECCB9CC46FFFFB191FE34FB231DB8" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="452B9F32CC46FFFFB191FE34FB231DB8" blockId="9.[151,1436,389,452]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
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<emphasis id="77E04320CC46FFFFB191FE34FEBD1DDB" bold="true" box="[151,379,389,416]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Material examined</emphasis>
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. VNMN-0217 (CT-11), VNMN-0218 (CT-20), VNMN-0219 (CT-37), VNMN-0220 (CT-47), VNMN-0221 (CT-48), VNMN-0276, (CT-52), on SEM stubs; VNMN-0222, 11 colony fragments.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<caption id="11EBCFBACC46FFFFB191F94AFEF31B96" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3694748" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3694748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3694748/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" startId="9.[151,250,1787,1812]" targetBox="[165,1422,473,1762]" targetPageId="9">
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||
<paragraph id="452B9F32CC46FFFFB191F94AFEF31B96" blockId="9.[151,1437,1787,2029]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
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||
<emphasis id="77E04320CC46FFFFB191F94AFED31B6F" bold="true" box="[151,277,1787,1812]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
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A, B.
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<taxonomicName id="8294E4B1CC46FFFFB059F94CFD141B6F" authority="(Hincks, 1881)" baseAuthorityName="Hincks" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[351,722,1787,1812]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Calloporidae" genus="Cranosina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="coronata">
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<emphasis id="77E04320CC46FFFFB059F94CFDEB1B6F" box="[351,557,1789,1812]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Cranosina coronata</emphasis>
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||
(
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||
<bibRefCitation id="2105E2C3CC46FFFFB33AF94AFD0C1B6F" author="Hincks, T." box="[572,714,1787,1812]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" pagination="147 - 156" refId="ref30089" refString="Hincks, T. (1881) Contributions towards a general history of the marine Polyzoa. IV. Foreign Membraniporina (second series). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 7, 147 - 156, pls. 8 - 10. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938109459489" type="journal article" year="1881">Hincks, 1881</bibRefCitation>
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)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, VNMN-0215. A. Part of colony. B. autozooids and avicularia. C–F.
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<taxonomicName id="8294E4B1CC46FFFFB191F891FE221B43" authority="(Hincks, 1880)" baseAuthorityName="Hincks" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[151,484,1823,1848]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Antroporidae" genus="Antropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="minor">
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||
<emphasis id="77E04320CC46FFFFB191F891FE851B43" box="[151,323,1824,1848]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Antropora minor</emphasis>
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||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2105E2C3CC46FFFFB056F8AEFE1B1B43" author="Hincks, T." box="[336,477,1823,1848]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" pagination="81 - 92" refId="ref30035" refString="Hincks, T. (1880) Contributions towards a general history of the marine Polyzoa. II. Foreign Membraniporina. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 6, 81 - 92, pls. 9 - 11. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938009458895" type="journal article" year="1880">Hincks, 1880</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
. C. Young colony with ancestrula (asterisk), partly overgrown by the foraminiferan
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<taxonomicName id="8294E4B1CC46FFFFB432F891FEC91B27" authorityName="Parker & Jones" authorityYear="1860" class="Globothalamea" family="Planorbulinidae" genus="Planorbulina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Rotaliida" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="species" species="larvata">
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<emphasis id="77E04320CC46FFFFB432F891FEC91B27" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Planorbulina larvata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(bottom) and forming stand-off with it (upper left), VNMN-0218. D. Autozooids and avicularia, VNMN-0217. E. Autozooids and avicularia, with left-center autozooid having vestigial ooecium, and several autozooids having smooth, raised prominence (gymnocystal papilla) at proximal end, VNMN-0217. F. Non-ooeciate autozooid (left-center), ooeciate autozooid (lower right), and vicarious avicularium (upper right), VNMN-0276. Scale bars: A, C, 1 mm; B, 500 µm; D, 300 µm; E, 150 µm; F, 200 µm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="0D8ECCB9CC45FFFCB1C1FF28FB201F7B" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="452B9F32CC45FFFCB1C1FF28FD211CAD" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1254]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
|
||
<emphasis id="77E04320CC45FFFCB1C1FF28FE7E1CC8" bold="true" box="[199,440,152,179]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Measurements. AzL</emphasis>
|
||
, 0.28–0.40 (0.350 ± 0.034);
|
||
<emphasis id="77E04320CC45FFFCB3FBFF29FCFC1CC8" bold="true" box="[765,826,152,179]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">AzW</emphasis>
|
||
, 0.20–0.26 (0.230 ± 0.015);
|
||
<emphasis id="77E04320CC45FFFCB579FF29FB711CC8" bold="true" box="[1151,1207,152,179]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">OpL</emphasis>
|
||
, 0.15–0.22 (0.185 ± 0.018);
|
||
<emphasis id="77E04320CC45FFFCB1E8FF0AFEE91CAD" bold="true" box="[238,303,187,214]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">OpW</emphasis>
|
||
, 0.12–0.15 (0.133 ± 0.012) (n = 15, 1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="452B9F32CC45FFFCB1C1FF6CFC851D60" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1254]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
|
||
<emphasis id="77E04320CC45FFFCB1C1FF6CFE9F1C82" bold="true" box="[199,345,221,249]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Colony encrusting, sheet-like; initially unilaminar but becoming bi- or trilaminar as additional layers are produced, initiated by budding in frontal direction.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="452B9F32CC45FFFCB1C1FE92FE491DB3" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1254]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Zooids small, distinct, delineated by sharp groove, distal third raised, forming sharp mural rim; gymnocyst negligible, sometimes evident at proximal end of zooid; cryptocyst extensive, coarsely granulate, widest proximally, narrowing laterally, continuing around inside of raised distal rim. Opesia occupying half or more of frontal length; irregular, pear-shaped, or oval; small, smooth gymnocystal papillae occasionally present proximally or proximolaterally. Spines lacking.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="452B9F32CC45FFFCB1C1FE60FBCA1E28" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1254]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
|
||
Small interzooidal avicularia common in angular positions formed by zooidal intersections; on raised cystid, mandible rounded, no crossbar. Vicarious avicularia rare; only one found among all specimens examined; similar in size (0.35 ×
|
||
<quantity id="826C32D7CC45FFFCB044FDA7FE611E4A" box="[322,423,534,561]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" unit="mm" value="0.21">0.21 mm</quantity>
|
||
) to autozooids, with raised, smooth-walled, circular mandibular part of rostrum separated from smaller, proximal, cryptocystal part by sharp, medially directed condyles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="452B9F32CC45FFFCB1C1FDEAFD231EC0" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1254]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Reproducing zooids with vestigial ooecium manifested as crescent-shaped zone of smooth, inflated calcification at proximal end of next-distal zooid; when ooecium fully developed, cap entirely covering sharp distal rim of reproducing zooid. Embryos brooded endozooidally.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="452B9F32CC45FFFCB1C1FD72FB201F7B" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1254]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Ancestrula similar to but smaller than subsequent zooids; appears to bud first daughter zooid(s) distolaterally on one or both sides, with subsequent spiral budding pattern from first daughter zooid on one side.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0D8ECCB9CC45FFFCB1C1FCB8FF27186D" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="452B9F32CC45FFFCB1C1FCB8FF27186D" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1254]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
|
||
<emphasis id="77E04320CC45FFFCB1C1FCB8FEFD1F58" bold="true" box="[199,315,777,803]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Diagnostic characters for this species include the irregular occurrence of “kenozooidal papillae” at the proximal end of some zooids, and large vicarious avicularia interspersed with autozooids (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2105E2C3CC45FFFCB5A3FC9AFA8C1F3D" author="Tilbrook, K. J." box="[1189,1354,811,838]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" pagination="25 - 49" refId="ref32584" refString="Tilbrook, K. J. (1998) The species of Antropora Norman, 1903 (Bryozoa: Cheilostomatida), with the description of a new genus in the Calloporoidea. Records of the South Australian Museum, 31, 25 - 49." type="journal article" year="1998">Tilbrook 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Some zooids in our specimens have proximal papillae, but these do not appear to be kenozooidal, but rather are raised swellings in the exposed proximal gymnocyst. Some of the supposed kenozooidal papillae illustrated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2105E2C3CC45FFFCB43DFCC0FF241FD5" author="Tilbrook, K. J." pageId="10" pageNumber="211" pagination="25 - 49" refId="ref32584" refString="Tilbrook, K. J. (1998) The species of Antropora Norman, 1903 (Bryozoa: Cheilostomatida), with the description of a new genus in the Calloporoidea. Records of the South Australian Museum, 31, 25 - 49." type="journal article" year="1998">Tilbrook (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
likewise appear to be gymnocystal swellings rather than interzooids (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2105E2C3CC45FFFCB52CFC22FB081FD5" author="Tilbrook, K. J." box="[1066,1230,915,942]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" pagination="25 - 49" refId="ref32584" refString="Tilbrook, K. J. (1998) The species of Antropora Norman, 1903 (Bryozoa: Cheilostomatida), with the description of a new genus in the Calloporoidea. Records of the South Australian Museum, 31, 25 - 49." type="journal article" year="1998">Tilbrook 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 2C), whereas others are ambiguous (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2105E2C3CC45FFFCB0C4FC07FDA21FAB" author="Tilbrook, K. J." box="[450,612,950,976]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" pagination="25 - 49" refId="ref32584" refString="Tilbrook, K. J. (1998) The species of Antropora Norman, 1903 (Bryozoa: Cheilostomatida), with the description of a new genus in the Calloporoidea. Records of the South Australian Museum, 31, 25 - 49." type="journal article" year="1998">Tilbrook 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 2E). We observed only one vicarious avicularium, with most colonies lacking any;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2105E2C3CC45FFFCB02EFC68FE1C1F88" author="Tilbrook, K. J." box="[296,474,985,1011]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" pagination="25 - 49" refId="ref32584" refString="Tilbrook, K. J. (1998) The species of Antropora Norman, 1903 (Bryozoa: Cheilostomatida), with the description of a new genus in the Calloporoidea. Records of the South Australian Museum, 31, 25 - 49." type="journal article" year="1998">Tilbrook (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted that vicarious avicularia may be absent from large areas of some colonies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8294E4B1CC45FFFCB482FC68FF1C186E" baseAuthorityName="Hincks" baseAuthorityYear="1880" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Antroporidae" genus="Antropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="minor">
|
||
<emphasis id="77E04320CC45FFFCB482FC68FF1C186E" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">A. minor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0D8ECCB9CC45FFFCB1C1FBACFBA3189D" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="452B9F32CC45FFFCB1C1FBACFBA3189D" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1254]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
|
||
<emphasis id="77E04320CC45FFFCB1C1FBACFEA61842" bold="true" box="[199,352,1053,1081]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Originally described from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="875051D0CC45FFFCB39FFBAFFD1B1843" box="[665,733,1054,1080]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Bahia</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3D83DFA2CC45FFFCB3ECFBAFFCE81843" box="[746,814,1054,1080]" name="Brazil" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2105E2C3CC45FFFCB239FBAFFC121842" author="Hincks, T." box="[831,980,1054,1081]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" pagination="81 - 92" refId="ref30035" refString="Hincks, T. (1880) Contributions towards a general history of the marine Polyzoa. II. Foreign Membraniporina. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 6, 81 - 92, pls. 9 - 11. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938009458895" type="journal article" year="1880">Hincks 1880</bibRefCitation>
|
||
b), this nominal species putatively has a circumtropical distribution in shallow shelf areas (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2105E2C3CC45FFFCB3C4FBF0FCA01820" author="Tilbrook, K. J." box="[706,870,1089,1115]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" pagination="25 - 49" refId="ref32584" refString="Tilbrook, K. J. (1998) The species of Antropora Norman, 1903 (Bryozoa: Cheilostomatida), with the description of a new genus in the Calloporoidea. Records of the South Australian Museum, 31, 25 - 49." type="journal article" year="1998">Tilbrook 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2006;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2105E2C3CC45FFFCB2B3FBF0FB521820" author="Tilbrook, K. J. & Hayward, P. J. & Gordon, D. P." box="[949,1172,1089,1115]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" pagination="35 - 109" refId="ref32774" refString="Tilbrook, K. J., Hayward, P. J. & Gordon, D. P. (2001) Cheilostomatous Bryozoa from Vanuatu. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 131, 35 - 109. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2001. tb 01309. x" type="journal article" year="2001">
|
||
Tilbrook
|
||
<emphasis id="77E04320CC45FFFCB51DFBF3FB8D1820" box="[1051,1099,1089,1115]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2001
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Given the improbability of connectivity between Atlantic and Pacific populations in the era preceding widespread transoceanic shipping, this species has either been widely dispersed anthropogenically over the past few centuries, or comprises a complex of morphologically similar but genetically divergent geographical clades. The closest previous records to northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3D83DFA2CC45FFFCB191FB7AFF30189E" box="[151,246,1227,1253]" name="Vietnam" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
are from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3D83DFA2CC45FFFCB08BFB7AFDC8189E" box="[397,526,1227,1253]" name="Philippines" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="875051D0CC45FFFCB31FFB7AFD9B189E" box="[537,605,1227,1253]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Sabah</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3D83DFA2CC45FFFCB36AFB7AFD1E189D" box="[620,728,1227,1254]" name="Malaysia" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
), and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3D83DFA2CC45FFFCB21DFB7AFC98189E" box="[795,862,1227,1253]" name="China" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2105E2C3CC45FFFCB26AFB7AFBD7189D" author="Tilbrook, K. J." box="[876,1041,1227,1254]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" pagination="25 - 49" refId="ref32584" refString="Tilbrook, K. J. (1998) The species of Antropora Norman, 1903 (Bryozoa: Cheilostomatida), with the description of a new genus in the Calloporoidea. Records of the South Australian Museum, 31, 25 - 49." type="journal article" year="1998">Tilbrook 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2006).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |