treatments-xml/data/BB/14/8D/BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-203-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="001CD6EE01E8575F81AC9EFDD0599077" ModsDocID="1314-2003-203-1" checkinTime="1659410005165" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Boza Espinoza, Tatiana Erika &amp; Kessler, Michael" docDate="2022" docId="BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 203: 1-274" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 203" docPubDate="2022-08-01" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529" docTitle="Polylepis australis Bitter, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 619. 1911." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="001CD6EE01E8575F81AC9EFDD0599077" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="001CD6EE01E8575F81AC9EFDD0599077" masterDocTitle="A monograph of the genus Polylepis (Rosaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="274" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1659410005165" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title>A monograph of the genus Polylepis (Rosaceae)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Boza Espinoza, Tatiana Erika</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9925-1795</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Institute for Nature, Earth and Energy (INTE), Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru (PUCP), Av. Universitaria 1801, Lima 15088, Peru</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">tatianaerika@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Kessler, Michael</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4612-9937</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2022-08-01</mods:number>
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23. 
<taxonomicName authority="Bitter, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 619. 1911." authorityName="Bitter, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 619. 1911." class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis australis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="australis">Polylepis australis Bitter, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 619. 1911.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 63" captionStartId="F63" captionText="Figure 63. Polylepis australis Bitter A flowering and fruiting branches B flowers C bark D fruiting branch. Scale bars: 1 cm (A, B); 5 mm (D). Photographs by A. Fuentes." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure63" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721380" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 63</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 64" captionStartId="F64" captionText="Figure 64. Polylepis australis Bitter A flowering branch B stipular sheaths C fruits D upper leaf surface E lower leaf surface (A Novara 6695 B-D Kessler 3350 E Kessler 3348). Scale bars: 6 cm (A); 5 mm (B); 2 cm (D, E). Photographs by E. G. Urquiaga F." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure64" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721381" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 64</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis australis subsp. var. var. crenulata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="variety" species="australis" subSpecies="var." variety="crenulata">Polylepis australis var. crenulata</taxonomicName>
Bitter, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 625. 1911. Type. Based on 
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis australis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="australis">Polylepis australis</taxonomicName>
Bitter.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis australis subsp. var. var. glabra" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="variety" species="australis" subSpecies="var." variety="glabra">Polylepis australis var. glabra</taxonomicName>
(O. Kuntze) Bitter, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 622. 1911.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis racemosa subsp. var. var. glabra" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="variety" species="racemosa" subSpecies="var." variety="glabra">Polylepis racemosa var. glabra</taxonomicName>
O. Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(1-3): 77. 1898. Basionym. Type. Argentina. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Córdoba">Cordoba</normalizedToken>
: Sierra de 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Córdoba">Cordoba</normalizedToken>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Schnyder 483</emphasis>
(holotype: B destroyed).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis australis subsp. var. var. glabrescens" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="variety" species="australis" subSpecies="var." variety="glabrescens">Polylepis australis var. glabrescens</taxonomicName>
(O. Kuntze) Bitter, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 623. 1911.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis racemosa subsp. var. var. glabrescens" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="variety" species="racemosa" subSpecies="var." variety="glabrescens">Polylepis racemosa var. glabrescens</taxonomicName>
O. Kuntze, Gen. Pl. 3(1-3): 77. 1898. Basionym. Type. Argentina. Catamarca: Cienaga, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lorentz 310</emphasis>
(holotype: B destroyed).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis australis subsp. var. var. subcalva" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="variety" species="australis" subSpecies="var." variety="subcalva">Polylepis australis var. subcalva</taxonomicName>
Bitter, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 623. 1911. Type. based on 
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis australis subsp. var. var. glabrescens" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="variety" species="australis" subSpecies="var." variety="glabrescens">Polylepis australis var. glabrescens</taxonomicName>
(O. Kuntze) Bitter
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis australis subsp. var. var. oblanceolata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="variety" species="australis" subSpecies="var." variety="oblanceolata">Polylepis australis var. oblanceolata</taxonomicName>
Bitter, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 623. 1911.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis racemosa subsp. var. var. pubescens" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="variety" species="racemosa" subSpecies="var." variety="pubescens">Polylepis racemosa var. pubescens</taxonomicName>
O. Kuntze, Gen. Pl. 3(1-3): 77. 1898. Basionym. Type. Argentina. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Córdoba">Cordoba</normalizedToken>
: Sierra Achala, Cuesta de Copina, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hieronymus s.n</emphasis>
(holotype: B destroyed).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis racemosa subsp. var. var. subresinosa" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="variety" species="racemosa" subSpecies="var." variety="subresinosa">Polylepis racemosa var. subresinosa</taxonomicName>
O. Kuntze, Gen. Pl. 3(1-3): 77. 1898. Type. Argentina. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Córdoba">Cordoba</normalizedToken>
: Sierra Achala, Cuesta de Copina, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hieronymus s.n</emphasis>
(holotype: B destroyed).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis racemosa" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="racemosa">Polylepis racemosa</taxonomicName>
Lar. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">pubinervia</emphasis>
O. Kuntze, Gen. Pl. 3(1-3): 77. 1898. Type. Argentina. Cerro Champaqui, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F. Kurtz s.n</emphasis>
(holotype: B destroyed).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bitter" authorityYear="1911" baseAuthorityName="Kuntze" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis australis subsp. var. var. fuscitomentella" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="variety" species="australis" subSpecies="var." variety="fuscitomentella">Polylepis australis var. fuscitomentella</taxonomicName>
(O. Kuntze) Bitter, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 625. 1911.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis racemosa subsp. var. var. fuscotomentella" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="variety" species="racemosa" subSpecies="var." variety="fuscotomentella">Polylepis racemosa var. fuscotomentella</taxonomicName>
O. Kuntze, Gen. Pl. 3(1-3): 77. 1898. Basionym. Type. Argentina. Oyada: 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lorentz 442</emphasis>
(holotype: B destroyed).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis australis subsp. var. var. latifoliolata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="variety" species="australis" subSpecies="var." variety="latifoliolata">Polylepis australis var. latifoliolata</taxonomicName>
Bitter, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 624. 1911. Type. Argentina. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Córdoba">Cordoba</normalizedToken>
: Sierra Achala, north of the Cuesta de Copina, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hieronymus s.n</emphasis>
(holotype: B destroyed).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis australis subsp. var. var. tucumanica" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="variety" species="australis" subSpecies="var." variety="tucumanica">Polylepis australis var. tucumanica</taxonomicName>
Bitter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 478. 1913. Type. Argentina. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tucumán">Tucuman</normalizedToken>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cañada">Canada</normalizedToken>
del 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Muñoz">Munoz</normalizedToken>
, Tafi del Valle, Jan 1912, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Castillon s.n</emphasis>
(holotype: B destroyed; isotypes: CORD!, GOET!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis australis subsp. subvar. var. tucumanica" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="subVariety" species="australis" subSpecies="subvar." subVariety="latifrons" variety="tucumanica">Polylepis australis var. tucumanica subvar. latifrons</taxonomicName>
Bitter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 479. 1913. Type. Based on 
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis australis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="australis">Polylepis australis</taxonomicName>
var. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="tucumánica">tucumanica</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
Bitter.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis australis subsp. subvar. var. tucumanica" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="subVariety" species="australis" subSpecies="subvar." subVariety="majuscula" variety="tucumanica">Polylepis australis var. tucumanica subvar. majuscula</taxonomicName>
Bitter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 478. 1913. Type. Argentina. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tucumán">Tucuman</normalizedToken>
: La 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Queñoa">Quenoa</normalizedToken>
, 2600 m, 11 Mar 1912, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lillo 11257</emphasis>
(holotype: B destroyed; isotypes: CORD!, GOET!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis australis subsp. subvar. var. tucumanica" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="subVariety" species="australis" subSpecies="subvar." subVariety="gracilescens" variety="tucumanica">Polylepis australis var. tucumanica subvar. gracilescens</taxonomicName>
Bitter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 479. 1913. Type. Argentina. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tucumán">Tucuman</normalizedToken>
: Angostura, Tafi del Valle, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Castillon s.n</emphasis>
(holotype: B destroyed; isotypes: CORD!, GOET!, US!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis australis subsp. subvar. var. tucumanica" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="subVariety" species="australis" subSpecies="subvar." subVariety="breviuscula" variety="tucumanica">Polylepis australis var. tucumanica subvar. breviuscula</taxonomicName>
Bitter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 479. 1913. Type. Argentina. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tucumán">Tucuman</normalizedToken>
: La Cienaga, 2500 m, 19 Dec 1908, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lillo 8767</emphasis>
(holotype: B destroyed; isotypes: CORD!, GOET!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" country="Argentina" elevation="2500" location="Sierra Santa Barbara" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jujuy" typeStatus="lectotype">
<collectingCountry name="Argentina">Argentina</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion country="Argentina" name="Jujuy">Jujuy</collectingRegion>
: 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:61A3DEB0055D09BB2769F2931A2141A6" country="Argentina" name="Sierra Santa Barbara" stateProvince="Jujuy">Sierra Santa Barbara</location>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="m" value="2500.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="m" value="2500.0">2500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 11 Ju1 1901, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fries 264</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus>lectotype</typeStatus>
designated by 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.0081024X.43.1" author="Simpson, BB" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 62" refId="B306" refString="Simpson, BB, 1979. A revision of the genus Polylepis (Rosaceae: Sanguisorbeae). Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 43 (43): 1 - 62, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.0081024X.43.1" title="A revision of the genus Polylepis (Rosaceae: Sanguisorbeae)." url="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.0081024X.43.1" volume="43" year="1979">Simpson 1979</bibRefCitation>
, pg. 56: S!; isolectotype:
</materialsCitation>
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
!).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure63" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721380" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 63" startId="F63">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 63.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis australis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Bitter 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
flowering and fruiting branches 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
flowers 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
bark 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
fruiting branch. Scale bars: 
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
); 
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
). Photographs by A. Fuentes.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Trees</emphasis>
3-8 m tall. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
slightly congested at the branch tips, imparipinnate with 2-3 pairs of leaflets, obtrullate in outline, (2.0-)3.7-6.1(-7.2) 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
(1.8-)2.9-4.1(-5.3) cm; rachises sparsely hispid, points of leaflet attachment with a tuft of long white hairs; stipular sheaths glabrescent or sparsely to densely villous with long hairs; leaflets elliptic in outline, second pair from the terminal leaflet the largest, one of this pair (1.0-)1.6-2.9(-4.0) 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.6-1.5 cm; margin serrate with 9-13 teeth, apically emarginate, basally unequally cordate; upper leaflet surfaces glabrous; lower leaflet surfaces glabrous or sparsely hispid. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescences</emphasis>
pendant, (1.8-)4.2-5.0(-7.3) cm long, bearing 5-12 flowers; floral bracts 2.1-3.1 mm long, narrowly triangular; rachises villous. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowers</emphasis>
4.4-8.5 mm diam.; sepals 4, ovate, green, densely villous outside; stamens 10-22, anthers orbicular, with a dense tuft of straight white hairs on the upper half; styles fimbriate, 0.9-2.0 mm long. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fruits</emphasis>
turbinate, with 2-3 irregular and pronounced thin wings, glabrous; 4.4-7.9 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5.0-6.8 mm including wings. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diploid</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">triploid</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">tetraploid</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">hexaploid</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure64" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721381" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 64" startId="F64">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 64.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis australis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Bitter 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
flowering branch 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
stipular sheaths 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
fruits 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
upper leaf surface 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
lower leaf surface (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novara 6695</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B-D</emphasis>
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Kessler 3350</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Kessler3348</emphasis>
). Scale bars: 6 cm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
); 5 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
); 2 cm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D, E</emphasis>
). Photographs by E.G. Urquiaga F.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution, habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis australis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is endemic to Argentina, where it is distributed from the northern Andes (Jujuy Province) to the central Sierra de 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Córdoba">Cordoba</normalizedToken>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="Córdoba">Cordoba</normalizedToken>
Province) Argentina (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 73" captionStartId="F73" captionText="Figure 73. Geographical distribution of the species of the sections Australes and Subsericantes." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529.figure73" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/721390" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">73</figureCitation>
). It occurs in humid subtropical mountains, as well as in dry forest at 1230-3800 m elevation. The northernmost populations of 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. australis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have higher genetic differentiation and lower genetic population diversity than southern and central populations (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1000100" author="Hensen, I" journalOrPublisher="American Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1825 - 1833" refId="B133" refString="Hensen, I, Teich, I, Hirsch, H, von Wehrden, H, Renison, D, 2011. Range-wide genetic structure and diversity of the endemic tree line species Polylepis australis (Rosaceae) in Argentina. American Journal of Botany 98 (11): 1825 - 1833, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1000100" title="Range-wide genetic structure and diversity of the endemic tree line species Polylepis australis (Rosaceae) in Argentina." url="https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1000100" volume="98" year="2011">Hensen et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
). Possibly, gene flow in the northern stands is restricted by geographic isolation, whereas the southern and central populations may be connected by effective long-distance pollination (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1000100" author="Hensen, I" journalOrPublisher="American Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1825 - 1833" refId="B133" refString="Hensen, I, Teich, I, Hirsch, H, von Wehrden, H, Renison, D, 2011. Range-wide genetic structure and diversity of the endemic tree line species Polylepis australis (Rosaceae) in Argentina. American Journal of Botany 98 (11): 1825 - 1833, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1000100" title="Range-wide genetic structure and diversity of the endemic tree line species Polylepis australis (Rosaceae) in Argentina." url="https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1000100" volume="98" year="2011">Hensen et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
). Dendroclimatic analyses from central Argentina show that growth of 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. australis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at intermediate and high elevations growth is more strongly related to temperature than to rainfall (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.18.28.1.1.620" author="Lanza, MG" journalOrPublisher="Ecologia Austral" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B177" refString="Lanza, MG, Chartier, MP, Marcora, PI, 2018. Relacion clima-crecimiento radial de Polylepis australis en un gradiente altitudinal en las Sierras Grandes de Cordoba, Argentina. Ecologia Austral 28(1bis): 278-290. https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.18.28.1.1.620" title="Relacion clima-crecimiento radial de Polylepis australis en un gradiente altitudinal en las Sierras Grandes de Cordoba, Argentina. Ecologia Austral 28 (1 bis): 278 - 290." url="https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.18.28.1.1.620" year="2018">Lanza et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
). Populations at the upper and lower elevational limits of the species are adapted to the respective climatic conditions, which should be considered in conservation action (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/23766808.2021.1940049" author="Marcora, PI" journalOrPublisher="Forest Ecology and Management" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B197" refString="Marcora, PI, Tecco, PA, Ferrero, MC, Ferreras, AE, Zeballos, SR, Funes, G, Gurvich, DE, Arias, G, Caceres, Y, Hensen, I, 2021. Are populations of Polylepis australis locally adapted along their elevation gradient? Neotropical Biodiversity 7(1): 246-256. https://doi.org/10.1080/23766808.2021.1940049" title="Are populations of Polylepis australis locally adapted along their elevation gradient? Neotropical Biodiversity 7 (1): 246 - 256." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/23766808.2021.1940049" year="2021">Marcora et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
). In many regions, 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. australis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is confined to areas with high rock proportion, to where they have been restricted due to fires and long-term grazing pressure (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-008-9336-1" author="Suarez, ML" journalOrPublisher="Biodiversity and Conservation" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="2617 - 2625" refId="B314" refString="Suarez, ML, Renison, D, Marcora, P, Hensen, I, 2008. Age-size-habitat relationships for Polylepis australis: Dealing with endangered forest ecosystems. Biodiversity and Conservation 17 (11): 2617 - 2625, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-008-9336-1" title="Age-size-habitat relationships for Polylepis australis: Dealing with endangered forest ecosystems." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-008-9336-1" volume="17" year="2008">Suarez et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis australis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
forms shrublands on ridges with poor, leached soils exposed to wind and frost and woodlands in sheltered ravines. The most critical stage of the species regeneration cycle in the shrublands is the transition from seedling to saplings, whereas in the woodlands, it is seed germination (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2003.10.020" author="Enrico, L" journalOrPublisher="Forest Ecology and Management" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="301 - 309" refId="B86" refString="Enrico, L, Funes, G, Cabido, M, 2004. Regeneration of Polylepis australis Bitt. in the mountains of central Argentina. Forest Ecology and Management 190 (2-3): 301 - 309, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2003.10.020" title="Regeneration of Polylepis australis Bitt. in the mountains of central Argentina." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2003.10.020" volume="190" year="2004">Enrico et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
). Overall, seed germination rates in 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. australis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are low at 0% to 14% (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2003.10.020" author="Enrico, L" journalOrPublisher="Forest Ecology and Management" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="301 - 309" refId="B86" refString="Enrico, L, Funes, G, Cabido, M, 2004. Regeneration of Polylepis australis Bitt. in the mountains of central Argentina. Forest Ecology and Management 190 (2-3): 301 - 309, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2003.10.020" title="Regeneration of Polylepis australis Bitt. in the mountains of central Argentina." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2003.10.020" volume="190" year="2004">Enrico et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2004.03.025" author="Renison, D" journalOrPublisher="Forest Ecology and Management" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="327 - 333" refId="B256" refString="Renison, D, Hensen, I, Cingolani, AM, 2004. Anthropogenic soil degradation affects seed viability in Polylepis australis mountain forests of central Argentina. Forest Ecology and Management 196 (2-3): 327 - 333, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2004.03.025" title="Anthropogenic soil degradation affects seed viability in Polylepis australis mountain forests of central Argentina." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2004.03.025" volume="196" year="2004">Renison et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.09.031" author="Menoyo, E" journalOrPublisher="Forest Ecology and Management" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="2676 - 2682" refId="B208" refString="Menoyo, E, Renison, D, Becerra, AG, 2009. Arbuscular mycorrhizas and performance of Polylepis australis trees in relation to livestock density. Forest Ecology and Management 258 (12): 2676 - 2682, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.09.031" title="Arbuscular mycorrhizas and performance of Polylepis australis trees in relation to livestock density." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.09.031" volume="258" year="2009">Menoyo et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11056-012-9313-0" author="Pollice, J" journalOrPublisher="New Forests" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="233 - 247" refId="B239" refString="Pollice, J, Marcora, P, Renison, D, 2013. Seed production in Polylepis australis (Rosaceae) as influenced by tree size, livestock and interannual climate variations in the mountains of central Argentina. New Forests 44 (2): 233 - 247, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11056-012-9313-0" title="Seed production in Polylepis australis (Rosaceae) as influenced by tree size, livestock and interannual climate variations in the mountains of central Argentina." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11056-012-9313-0" volume="44" year="2013">Pollice et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
). Germination rates are higher in areas with reduced livestock density which have lower insect predation and fungal fructifications (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.09.031" author="Menoyo, E" journalOrPublisher="Forest Ecology and Management" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="2676 - 2682" refId="B208" refString="Menoyo, E, Renison, D, Becerra, AG, 2009. Arbuscular mycorrhizas and performance of Polylepis australis trees in relation to livestock density. Forest Ecology and Management 258 (12): 2676 - 2682, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.09.031" title="Arbuscular mycorrhizas and performance of Polylepis australis trees in relation to livestock density." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.09.031" volume="258" year="2009">Menoyo et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
). Seed production increases with tree height, with highest seed production in areas without livestock. Seed mass also increases with tree height, but there is no livestock effect (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11056-012-9313-0" author="Pollice, J" journalOrPublisher="New Forests" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="233 - 247" refId="B239" refString="Pollice, J, Marcora, P, Renison, D, 2013. Seed production in Polylepis australis (Rosaceae) as influenced by tree size, livestock and interannual climate variations in the mountains of central Argentina. New Forests 44 (2): 233 - 247, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11056-012-9313-0" title="Seed production in Polylepis australis (Rosaceae) as influenced by tree size, livestock and interannual climate variations in the mountains of central Argentina." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11056-012-9313-0" volume="44" year="2013">Pollice et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
). Seed viability is associated with relatively undisturbed soils with no erosion, suggesting a connection to nutrients and/or water stress (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2004.03.025" author="Renison, D" journalOrPublisher="Forest Ecology and Management" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="327 - 333" refId="B256" refString="Renison, D, Hensen, I, Cingolani, AM, 2004. Anthropogenic soil degradation affects seed viability in Polylepis australis mountain forests of central Argentina. Forest Ecology and Management 196 (2-3): 327 - 333, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2004.03.025" title="Anthropogenic soil degradation affects seed viability in Polylepis australis mountain forests of central Argentina." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2004.03.025" volume="196" year="2004">Renison et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
). Maximum seed dispersal distance in 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. australis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is 6 m and seedlings are found no more than 10 m from seed trees (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2007.08.007" author="Torres, RC" journalOrPublisher="Forest Ecology and Management" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="255 - 260" refId="B330" refString="Torres, RC, Renison, D, Hensen, I, Suarez, R, Enrico, L, 2008. Polylepis australis ' regeneration niche in relation to seed dispersal, site characteristics and livestock density. Forest Ecology and Management 254 (2): 255 - 260, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2007.08.007" title="Polylepis australis ' regeneration niche in relation to seed dispersal, site characteristics and livestock density." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2007.08.007" volume="254" year="2008">Torres et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
). However, extensive pollen flow between isolated fragments reduces the negative effects of seed quality resulting from reproductive isolation and inbreeding (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-009-9605-4" author="Seltmann, P" journalOrPublisher="Plant Ecology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="155 - 164" refId="B297" refString="Seltmann, P, Hensen, I, Renison, D, Wesche, K, Ploch, S, Duenas, JR, Cocucci, A, Jung, K, 2009b. Biparental inbreeding depression, genetic relatedness and progeny vigour in a wind-pollinated treeline species in Argentina. Plant Ecology 205 (1): 155 - 164, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-009-9605-4" title="Biparental inbreeding depression, genetic relatedness and progeny vigour in a wind-pollinated treeline species in Argentina." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-009-9605-4" volume="205" year="2009 b">Seltmann et al. 2009b</bibRefCitation>
). Seedling establishment is severely affected by livestock, so that there are more seedlings and seed trees in areas with less livestock than in degraded regions with historic and current grazing impact (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01455.x" author="Renison, D" journalOrPublisher="Restoration Ecology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B258" refString="Renison, D, Hensen, I, Suarez, R, Cingolani, AM, 2006. Cover and growth habit of Polylepis woodlands and shrublands in the mountains of central Argentina: Human or environmental influence? Journal of Biogeography 33(5): 876-887. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01455.x" title="Cover and growth habit of Polylepis woodlands and shrublands in the mountains of central Argentina: Human or environmental influence? Journal of Biogeography 33 (5): 876 - 887." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01455.x" year="2006">Renison et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2007.08.007" author="Torres, RC" journalOrPublisher="Forest Ecology and Management" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="255 - 260" refId="B330" refString="Torres, RC, Renison, D, Hensen, I, Suarez, R, Enrico, L, 2008. Polylepis australis ' regeneration niche in relation to seed dispersal, site characteristics and livestock density. Forest Ecology and Management 254 (2): 255 - 260, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2007.08.007" title="Polylepis australis ' regeneration niche in relation to seed dispersal, site characteristics and livestock density." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2007.08.007" volume="254" year="2008">Torres et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.09.031" author="Menoyo, E" journalOrPublisher="Forest Ecology and Management" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="2676 - 2682" refId="B208" refString="Menoyo, E, Renison, D, Becerra, AG, 2009. Arbuscular mycorrhizas and performance of Polylepis australis trees in relation to livestock density. Forest Ecology and Management 258 (12): 2676 - 2682, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.09.031" title="Arbuscular mycorrhizas and performance of Polylepis australis trees in relation to livestock density." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.09.031" volume="258" year="2009">Menoyo et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2012.11.030" author="Marcora, PI" journalOrPublisher="Forest Ecology and Management" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="300 - 307" refId="B196" refString="Marcora, PI, Renison, D, Pais-Bosch, AI, Cabido, MR, Tecco, PA, 2013. The effect of altitude and grazing on seedling establishment of woody species in central Argentina. Forest Ecology and Management 291: 300 - 307, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2012.11.030" title="The effect of altitude and grazing on seedling establishment of woody species in central Argentina." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2012.11.030" volume="291" year="2013">Marcora et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
). Livestock has considerable impact on soil degradation in the mountains of central Argentina (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2009.02055.x" author="Renison, D" journalOrPublisher="Restoration Ecology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B259" refString="Renison, D, Hensen, I, Suarez, R, Cingolani, AM, Marcora, P, Giorgis, MA, 2010. Soil conservation in Polylepis mountain forests of Central Argentina: Is livestock reducing our natural capital? Austral Ecology 35(4): 435-443. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2009.02055.x" title="Soil conservation in Polylepis mountain forests of Central Argentina: Is livestock reducing our natural capital? Austral Ecology 35 (4): 435 - 443." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2009.02055.x" year="2010">Renison et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
), and these vegetation-soil alterations reduce the soil water storage capacity of 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. australis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
woodlands (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.18.28.1.1.497" author="Poca, M" journalOrPublisher="Ecologia Austral" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="235 - 248" refId="B238" refString="Poca, M, Cingolani, AM, Gurvich, DE, Whitworth-Hulse, JI, Saur Palmieri, V, 2018. La degradacion de los bosques de altura del centro de Argentina reduce su capacidad de almacenamiento de agua. Ecologia Austral 28: 235 - 248, DOI: https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.18.28.1.1.497" title="La degradacion de los bosques de altura del centro de Argentina reduce su capacidad de almacenamiento de agua." url="https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.18.28.1.1.497" volume="28" year="2018">Poca et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ruiz &amp; Pavon" authorityYear="1794" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
forest in central Argentina have high polypore (wood-decay fungi) species richness in mature forest, with numerous threatened and rare species (
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Fomitopsidaceae" genus="Postia" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Postia caesia" order="Polyporales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="caesia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Postia caesia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Hymenochaetaceae" genus="Fuscoporia" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Fuscoporia gilva" order="Hymenochaetales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="gilva">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fuscoporia gilva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Polyporaceae" genus="Polyporus" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Polyporus arcularius" order="Polyporales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="arcularius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polyporus arcularius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Phanerochaetaceae" genus="Ceriporia" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Ceriporia spissa" order="Polyporales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="spissa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ceriporia spissa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) found in the presence of large logs (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funeco.2009.10.003" author="Robledo, GL" journalOrPublisher="Fungal Ecology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="178 - 184" refId="B270" refString="Robledo, GL, Renison, D, 2010. Wood-decaying polypores in the mountains of central Argentina in relation to Polylepis forest structure and altitude. Fungal Ecology 3 (3): 178 - 184, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funeco.2009.10.003" title="Wood-decaying polypores in the mountains of central Argentina in relation to Polylepis forest structure and altitude." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funeco.2009.10.003" volume="3" year="2010">Robledo and Renison 2010</bibRefCitation>
). Similarly, there is a high diversity of lichens (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.35535/pfsyst-2020-0027" author="Rodriguez, JM" journalOrPublisher="Plant and Fungal Systematics" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="386 - 402" refId="B273" refString="Rodriguez, JM, Dominguez, RED, Mayrhofer, H, Passo, A, Renison, D, 2020. High lichen species richness in Polylepis australis forest: New records from South America and Argentina. Plant and Fungal Systematics 65 (2): 386 - 402, DOI: https://doi.org/10.35535/pfsyst-2020-0027" title="High lichen species richness in Polylepis australis forest: New records from South America and Argentina." url="https://doi.org/10.35535/pfsyst-2020-0027" volume="65" year="2020">Rodriguez et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
). In the southern Yungas (Jujuy Province), the 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. australis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
forests have high bird diversity, but 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ruiz &amp; Pavon" authorityYear="1794" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specialist bird species are absent, possibly because these are small patches (
<bibRefCitation author="Bellis, LM" journalOrPublisher="Ornitologia Neotropical" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="195 - 206" refId="B25" refString="Bellis, LM, Rivera, L, Landi, M, Politi, N, 2014. Distinct summer bird assemblages in two fragments of Polylepis forests in the Southern Yungas of Argentina. Ornitologia Neotropical 25 (2): 195 - 206" title="Distinct summer bird assemblages in two fragments of Polylepis forests in the Southern Yungas of Argentina." volume="25" year="2014">Bellis et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
). However, active forest restoration measures have locally increased bird diversity and abundance over 20 years (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/23766808.2021.1938885" author="Barri, FR" journalOrPublisher="Neotropical Biodiversity" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="205 - 212" refId="B21" refString="Barri, FR, Toledo, M, Herzog, P, Bellis, LM, Renison, D, 2021. Avifaunal responses after two decades of Polylepis forest restoration in central Argentina. Neotropical Biodiversity 7 (1): 205 - 212, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23766808.2021.1938885" title="Avifaunal responses after two decades of Polylepis forest restoration in central Argentina." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/23766808.2021.1938885" volume="7" year="2021">Barri et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The EOO for 
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis australis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is estimated as 151,750 km2, the AOO is assessed at 604 km2 and it is known from 73 locations. 
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis australis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the most extensive forest in the southern sector of the Quebrada del Condorito National Park and surrounding private fields in 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Córdoba">Cordoba</normalizedToken>
Province. The best-preserved stands are located near the town of Los Molles at 1500-2650 m (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.13.23.1.0.1189" author="Renison, D" journalOrPublisher="Ecologia Austral" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 36" refId="B261" refString="Renison, D, Cuyckens, GAE, Pacheco, S, Guzman, GF, Grau, HR, Marcora, P, Robledo, G, Cingolani, AM, Dominguez, J, Landi, M, Bellis, L, Hensen, I, 2013. Distribucion y estado de conservacion de las poblaciones de arboles y arbustos del genero Polylepis (Rosaceae) en las montanas de Argentina. Ecologia Austral 23 (1): 27 - 36, DOI: https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.13.23.1.0.1189" title="Distribucion y estado de conservacion de las poblaciones de arboles y arbustos del genero Polylepis (Rosaceae) en las montanas de Argentina." url="https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.13.23.1.0.1189" volume="23" year="2013">Renison et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
). In many stands of 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. australis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, there is evidence of fire that is set to induce grass regrowth as feed for livestock (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4067/S0716-078X2002000400007" author="Renison, D" journalOrPublisher="Revista Chilena de Historia Natural" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="719 - 727" refId="B255" refString="Renison, D, Cingolani, AM, Suarez, R, 2002. Efectos del fuego sobre un bosquecillo de Polylepis australis (Rosaceae) en las montanas de Cordoba, Argentina. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 75 (4): 719 - 727, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4067/S0716-078X2002000400007" title="Efectos del fuego sobre un bosquecillo de Polylepis australis (Rosaceae) en las montanas de Cordoba, Argentina." url="https://doi.org/10.4067/S0716-078X2002000400007" volume="75" year="2002">Renison et al. 2002</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01455.x" author="Renison, D" journalOrPublisher="Restoration Ecology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B258" refString="Renison, D, Hensen, I, Suarez, R, Cingolani, AM, 2006. Cover and growth habit of Polylepis woodlands and shrublands in the mountains of central Argentina: Human or environmental influence? Journal of Biogeography 33(5): 876-887. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01455.x" title="Cover and growth habit of Polylepis woodlands and shrublands in the mountains of central Argentina: Human or environmental influence? Journal of Biogeography 33 (5): 876 - 887." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01455.x" year="2006">2006</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.13.23.1.0.1189" author="Renison, D" journalOrPublisher="Ecologia Austral" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 36" refId="B261" refString="Renison, D, Cuyckens, GAE, Pacheco, S, Guzman, GF, Grau, HR, Marcora, P, Robledo, G, Cingolani, AM, Dominguez, J, Landi, M, Bellis, L, Hensen, I, 2013. Distribucion y estado de conservacion de las poblaciones de arboles y arbustos del genero Polylepis (Rosaceae) en las montanas de Argentina. Ecologia Austral 23 (1): 27 - 36, DOI: https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.13.23.1.0.1189" title="Distribucion y estado de conservacion de las poblaciones de arboles y arbustos del genero Polylepis (Rosaceae) en las montanas de Argentina." url="https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.13.23.1.0.1189" volume="23" year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-92002018000100145" author="Argibay, DS" journalOrPublisher="Bosque (Valdivia)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="145 - 150" refId="B8" refString="Argibay, DS, Renison, D, 2018. Effect of fire and livestock on Polylepis australis (Rosaceae) woodlands along an altitudinal gradient in the mountains of central Argentina. Bosque (Valdivia) 39 (1): 145 - 150, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-92002018000100145" title="Effect of fire and livestock on Polylepis australis (Rosaceae) woodlands along an altitudinal gradient in the mountains of central Argentina." url="https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-92002018000100145" volume="39" year="2018">Argibay and Renison 2018</bibRefCitation>
). Fire, logging and browsing affect 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. australis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
forests and a reduction of such disturbances would increase the area covered by these forests and the vitality of the trees (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-100X.2009.00555.x" author="Renison, D" journalOrPublisher="Restoration Ecology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="390 - 398" refId="B260" refString="Renison, D, Hensen, I, Suarez, R, 2011. Landscape structural complexity of high-mountain Polylepis australis forests: A new aspect of restoration goals. Restoration Ecology 19 (3): 390 - 398, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-100X.2009.00555.x" title="Landscape structural complexity of high-mountain Polylepis australis forests: A new aspect of restoration goals." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-100X.2009.00555.x" volume="19" year="2011">Renison et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.13.23.1.0.1189" author="Renison, D" journalOrPublisher="Ecologia Austral" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 36" refId="B261" refString="Renison, D, Cuyckens, GAE, Pacheco, S, Guzman, GF, Grau, HR, Marcora, P, Robledo, G, Cingolani, AM, Dominguez, J, Landi, M, Bellis, L, Hensen, I, 2013. Distribucion y estado de conservacion de las poblaciones de arboles y arbustos del genero Polylepis (Rosaceae) en las montanas de Argentina. Ecologia Austral 23 (1): 27 - 36, DOI: https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.13.23.1.0.1189" title="Distribucion y estado de conservacion de las poblaciones de arboles y arbustos del genero Polylepis (Rosaceae) en las montanas de Argentina." url="https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.13.23.1.0.1189" volume="23" year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2021.151832" author="Caceres, Y" journalOrPublisher="Documents Phytosociologiques" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B41" refString="Caceres, Y, Lachmuth, S, Schrieber, K, Marcora, P, Renison, D, Hensen, I, 2021. Germination responses of two key mountain tree species to single and combined fire-related stresses: Does elevational origin matter? Flora 280: 151832. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2021.151832" title="Germination responses of two key mountain tree species to single and combined fire-related stresses: Does elevational origin matter? Flora 280: 151832." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2021.151832" year="2021">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cáceres">Caceres</normalizedToken>
et al. 2021
</bibRefCitation>
). However, moderate livestock densities are compatible with forest conservation, if properly managed (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117728" author="Giorgis, MA" journalOrPublisher="Plant Ecology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B113" refString="Giorgis, MA, Cingolani, AM, Teich, I, Poca, M, 2020. Can livestock coexist with Polylepis australis forests in mountains of central Argentina? Setting thresholds for a land sharing landscape. Forest Ecology and Management 457: 117728. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117728" title="Can livestock coexist with Polylepis australis forests in mountains of central Argentina? Setting thresholds for a land sharing landscape. Forest Ecology and Management 457: 117728." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117728" year="2020">Giorgis et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis australis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also affected by the invasion of exotic woody species, such as 
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. planted in large areas in 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Córdoba">Cordoba</normalizedToken>
Province, as well as other species like 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Cotoneaster" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cotoneaster franchetii" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="franchetii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cotoneaster franchetii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula pendula" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pendula">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Betula pendula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rosa" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rosa rubiginosa" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubiginosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rosa rubiginosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rubus ulmifolius" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ulmifolius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rubus ulmifolius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix viminalis" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="viminalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Salix viminalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. fragilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="fragilis">S. aff. fragilis</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.13.23.1.0.1189" author="Renison, D" journalOrPublisher="Ecologia Austral" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 36" refId="B261" refString="Renison, D, Cuyckens, GAE, Pacheco, S, Guzman, GF, Grau, HR, Marcora, P, Robledo, G, Cingolani, AM, Dominguez, J, Landi, M, Bellis, L, Hensen, I, 2013. Distribucion y estado de conservacion de las poblaciones de arboles y arbustos del genero Polylepis (Rosaceae) en las montanas de Argentina. Ecologia Austral 23 (1): 27 - 36, DOI: https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.13.23.1.0.1189" title="Distribucion y estado de conservacion de las poblaciones de arboles y arbustos del genero Polylepis (Rosaceae) en las montanas de Argentina." url="https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.13.23.1.0.1189" volume="23" year="2013">Renison et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
). Vegetation cover is very low in 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. australis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
forests, so that it is common to observe bare roots as an evidence of soil erosion (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2007.01807.x" author="Cingolani, AM" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Biogeography" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="538 - 551" refId="B62" refString="Cingolani, AM, Renison, D, Tecco, PA, Gurvich, DE, Cabido, M, 2008. Predicting cover types in a mountain range with long evolutionary grazing history: A GIS approach. Journal of Biogeography 35 (3): 538 - 551, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2007.01807.x" title="Predicting cover types in a mountain range with long evolutionary grazing history: A GIS approach." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2007.01807.x" volume="35" year="2008">Cingolani et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2009.02055.x" author="Renison, D" journalOrPublisher="Restoration Ecology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B259" refString="Renison, D, Hensen, I, Suarez, R, Cingolani, AM, Marcora, P, Giorgis, MA, 2010. Soil conservation in Polylepis mountain forests of Central Argentina: Is livestock reducing our natural capital? Austral Ecology 35(4): 435-443. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2009.02055.x" title="Soil conservation in Polylepis mountain forests of Central Argentina: Is livestock reducing our natural capital? Austral Ecology 35 (4): 435 - 443." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2009.02055.x" year="2010">Renison et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.13.23.1.0.1189" author="Renison, D" journalOrPublisher="Ecologia Austral" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 36" refId="B261" refString="Renison, D, Cuyckens, GAE, Pacheco, S, Guzman, GF, Grau, HR, Marcora, P, Robledo, G, Cingolani, AM, Dominguez, J, Landi, M, Bellis, L, Hensen, I, 2013. Distribucion y estado de conservacion de las poblaciones de arboles y arbustos del genero Polylepis (Rosaceae) en las montanas de Argentina. Ecologia Austral 23 (1): 27 - 36, DOI: https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.13.23.1.0.1189" title="Distribucion y estado de conservacion de las poblaciones de arboles y arbustos del genero Polylepis (Rosaceae) en las montanas de Argentina." url="https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.13.23.1.0.1189" volume="23" year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
). Nevertheless, 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. australis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can regenerate even under such conditions, possibly due to the long history of fire in the region (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2014.04.002" author="Cingolani, AM" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Biogeography" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B63" refString="Cingolani, AM, Vaieretti, MV, Giorgis, MA, Poca, M, Tecco, PA, Gurvich, DE, 2014. Can livestock grazing maintain landscape diversity and stability in an ecosystem that evolved with wild herbivores? Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 16(4): 143-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2014.04.002" title="Can livestock grazing maintain landscape diversity and stability in an ecosystem that evolved with wild herbivores? Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 16 (4): 143 - 153." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2014.04.002" year="2014">Cingolani et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2017.07.016" author="Torres, RC" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Arid Environments" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="125 - 132" refId="B329" refString="Torres, RC, Renison, D, 2017. Human-induced vegetation changes did not affect tree progeny performance in a seasonally dry forest of central Argentina. Journal of Arid Environments 147: 125 - 132, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2017.07.016" title="Human-induced vegetation changes did not affect tree progeny performance in a seasonally dry forest of central Argentina." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2017.07.016" volume="147" year="2017">Torres and Renison 2017</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis australis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been subject to reforestation activities in 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Córdoba">Cordoba</normalizedToken>
since 2002 (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4067/S0716-078X2002000400007" author="Renison, D" journalOrPublisher="Revista Chilena de Historia Natural" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="719 - 727" refId="B255" refString="Renison, D, Cingolani, AM, Suarez, R, 2002. Efectos del fuego sobre un bosquecillo de Polylepis australis (Rosaceae) en las montanas de Cordoba, Argentina. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 75 (4): 719 - 727, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4067/S0716-078X2002000400007" title="Efectos del fuego sobre un bosquecillo de Polylepis australis (Rosaceae) en las montanas de Cordoba, Argentina." url="https://doi.org/10.4067/S0716-078X2002000400007" volume="75" year="2002">Renison et al. 2002</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-010-9369-7" author="Araoz, E" journalOrPublisher="Ecosys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="992 - 1005" refId="B7" refString="Araoz, E, Grau, HR, 2010. Fire mediated forest encroachment in response to climatic and land use change in subtropical Andean treelines. Ecosys 13 (7): 992 - 1005, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-010-9369-7" title="Fire mediated forest encroachment in response to climatic and land use change in subtropical Andean treelines." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-010-9369-7" volume="13" year="2010">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Aráoz">Araoz</normalizedToken>
and Grau 2010
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.13.23.1.0.1189" author="Renison, D" journalOrPublisher="Ecologia Austral" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 36" refId="B261" refString="Renison, D, Cuyckens, GAE, Pacheco, S, Guzman, GF, Grau, HR, Marcora, P, Robledo, G, Cingolani, AM, Dominguez, J, Landi, M, Bellis, L, Hensen, I, 2013. Distribucion y estado de conservacion de las poblaciones de arboles y arbustos del genero Polylepis (Rosaceae) en las montanas de Argentina. Ecologia Austral 23 (1): 27 - 36, DOI: https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.13.23.1.0.1189" title="Distribucion y estado de conservacion de las poblaciones de arboles y arbustos del genero Polylepis (Rosaceae) en las montanas de Argentina." url="https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.13.23.1.0.1189" volume="23" year="2013">Renison et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
). Seedling growth is six times slower in sowing experiments than the growth of planted 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. australis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Landi, MA" journalOrPublisher="Ecologia Austral" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="47 - 55" refId="B176" refString="Landi, MA, Renison, D, 2010. Forestacion con Polylepis australis en suelos erosionados de las Sierras Grandes de Cordoba: Evaluacion del uso de terrazas y vegetacion nodriza. Ecologia Austral 20 (1): 47 - 55" title="Forestacion con Polylepis australis en suelos erosionados de las Sierras Grandes de Cordoba: Evaluacion del uso de terrazas y vegetacion nodriza." volume="20" year="2010">Landi and Renison 2010</bibRefCitation>
). Thus, planting and not seeding has become the preferred method to re-establish this species. In addition, the construction of terraces with 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa stuckertii" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stuckertii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Poa stuckertii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a nursery plant has been suggested. Moreover, biparental inbreeding depression is found especially in plants that cross with nearby neighbours (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2007.11.008" author="Seltmann, P" journalOrPublisher="Basic and Applied Ecology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="52 - 60" refId="B296" refString="Seltmann, P, Cocucci, A, Renison, D, Cierjacks, A, Hensen, I, 2009a. Mating system, outcrossing distance effects and pollen availability in the wind-pollinated treeline species Polylepis australis BITT. (Rosaceae). Basic and Applied Ecology 10 (1): 52 - 60, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2007.11.008" title="Mating system, outcrossing distance effects and pollen availability in the wind-pollinated treeline species Polylepis australis BITT. (Rosaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2007.11.008" volume="10" year="2009 a">Seltmann et al. 2009a</bibRefCitation>
). This is more important to progeny fitness and mortality than to germination. Additionally, crosses between fragments have higher reproductive output than within-fragment crosses. We assess 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. australis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as Least Concern (B1a+B2a).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis australis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is easy to recognize by its glabrous leaflets (sometimes the lower leaflet surface can be sparsely hispid) and by its winged fruits, a character shared only with 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. neglecta" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="neglecta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. neglecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Specimens of 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. australis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can resemble those of 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. neglecta" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="neglecta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. neglecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in leaflet shape, size and margin, but leaflet apices are emarginate in 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. australis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and acute in 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. neglecta" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="neglecta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. neglecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Further, 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. australis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. neglecta" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="neglecta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. neglecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by it simple and villous inflorescences with 5-12 flowers, whereas 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. neglecta" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="neglecta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. neglecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
usually has branched and glabrous inflorescences with 14-27 flowers.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis australis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is morphologically quite variable, as evidenced by the large number of varieties recognized by 
<bibRefCitation author="Bitter, G" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Botanique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B28" refString="Bitter, G, 1911. Revision der Gattung Polylepis. Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik 45: 564-656." title="Revision der Gattung Polylepis. Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik 45: 564 - 656." year="1911">Bitter (1911)</bibRefCitation>
. More recent studies have shown that 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. australis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also has high variability of ploidy levels (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1438-8677.2009.00297.x" author="Schmidt-Lebuhn, AN" journalOrPublisher="Plant Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="917 - 926" refId="B290" refString="Schmidt-Lebuhn, AN, Fuchs, J, Hertel, D, Hirsch, H, Toivonen, J, Kessler, M, 2010. An Andean radiation: Polyploidy in the tree genus Polylepis (Rosaceae, Sanguisorbeae). Plant Biology 12 (6): 917 - 926, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1438-8677.2009.00297.x" title="An Andean radiation: Polyploidy in the tree genus Polylepis (Rosaceae, Sanguisorbeae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1438-8677.2009.00297.x" volume="12" year="2010">Schmidt-Lebuhn et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2014.00194" author="Kessler, M" journalOrPublisher="Ecological Modelling" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B171" refString="Kessler, M, Toivonen, JM, Sylvester, SP, Kluge, J, Hertel, D, 2014. Elevational patterns of Polylepis tree height (Rosaceae) in the high Andes of Peru: Role of human impact and climatic conditions. Frontiers in Plant Science 5(May): e194. [12 pp] https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2014.00194" title="Elevational patterns of Polylepis tree height (Rosaceae) in the high Andes of Peru: Role of human impact and climatic conditions. Frontiers in Plant Science 5 (May): e 194. [12 pp]" url="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2014.00194" year="2014">Kessler et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
). In a study of 361 individuals, 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2014.00194" author="Kessler, M" journalOrPublisher="Ecological Modelling" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B171" refString="Kessler, M, Toivonen, JM, Sylvester, SP, Kluge, J, Hertel, D, 2014. Elevational patterns of Polylepis tree height (Rosaceae) in the high Andes of Peru: Role of human impact and climatic conditions. Frontiers in Plant Science 5(May): e194. [12 pp] https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2014.00194" title="Elevational patterns of Polylepis tree height (Rosaceae) in the high Andes of Peru: Role of human impact and climatic conditions. Frontiers in Plant Science 5 (May): e 194. [12 pp]" url="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2014.00194" year="2014">Kessler et al. (2014)</bibRefCitation>
found that, in the Andean part of the distributional range of the species, most populations are purely diploid (except at the southernmost tip of the Andean range), whereas in the isolated Sierra de 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Córdoba">Cordoba</normalizedToken>
, tetraploids dominate, but there are also diploid and triploid plants and even a single hexaploid plant was found. This diversity of ploidy levels raises several important questions. First, the degree to which the di- and tetraploids are reproductively isolated and might, therefore, be treated as distinct taxa, is unknown. 
<bibRefCitation author="Soltis, DE" journalOrPublisher="Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://www.jstor.org/stable/25065732" refId="B308" refString="Soltis, DE, Soltis, PS, Schemske, DW, Hancock, JF, Thompson, JN, Husband, BC, Judd, WS, 2007. Autopolyploidy in angiosperms: Have we grossly underestimated the number of species? Taxon 56(1): 13-30. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25065732" title="Autopolyploidy in angiosperms: Have we grossly underestimated the number of species? Taxon 56 (1): 13 - 30." url="https://www.jstor.org/stable/25065732" year="2007">Soltis et al. (2007)</bibRefCitation>
have proposed that populations of a species with different ploidy levels should be treated as distinct species if there is evidence of reproductive isolation or if they are morphologically or ecologically distinct. In the case of 
<taxonomicName family="Rosaceae" genus="P." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. australis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the different geographical ranges of the two main ploidy levels suggest that they have independent evolutionary trajectories. If this is confirmed, since the type collection of the species comes from the purely diploid part of the range, the unnamed form would be the tetraploid one. Following 
<bibRefCitation author="Soltis, DE" journalOrPublisher="Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://www.jstor.org/stable/25065732" refId="B308" refString="Soltis, DE, Soltis, PS, Schemske, DW, Hancock, JF, Thompson, JN, Husband, BC, Judd, WS, 2007. Autopolyploidy in angiosperms: Have we grossly underestimated the number of species? Taxon 56(1): 13-30. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25065732" title="Autopolyploidy in angiosperms: Have we grossly underestimated the number of species? Taxon 56 (1): 13 - 30." url="https://www.jstor.org/stable/25065732" year="2007">Soltis et al. (2007)</bibRefCitation>
, a suitable name would be 
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis tetra-australis" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="tetra-australis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polylepis tetra-australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Second, it is unknown whether the triploid individuals are only first-generation hybrids between di- and tetraploids or are also able to reproduce by apomixis, as is common in many 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ruiz &amp; Pavon" authorityYear="1794" class="Aves" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Centrales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
. Indeed, the low rate of seed germination of many individuals (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2003.10.020" author="Enrico, L" journalOrPublisher="Forest Ecology and Management" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="301 - 309" refId="B86" refString="Enrico, L, Funes, G, Cabido, M, 2004. Regeneration of Polylepis australis Bitt. in the mountains of central Argentina. Forest Ecology and Management 190 (2-3): 301 - 309, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2003.10.020" title="Regeneration of Polylepis australis Bitt. in the mountains of central Argentina." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2003.10.020" volume="190" year="2004">Enrico et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2004.03.025" author="Renison, D" journalOrPublisher="Forest Ecology and Management" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="327 - 333" refId="B256" refString="Renison, D, Hensen, I, Cingolani, AM, 2004. Anthropogenic soil degradation affects seed viability in Polylepis australis mountain forests of central Argentina. Forest Ecology and Management 196 (2-3): 327 - 333, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2004.03.025" title="Anthropogenic soil degradation affects seed viability in Polylepis australis mountain forests of central Argentina." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2004.03.025" volume="196" year="2004">Renison et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.09.031" author="Menoyo, E" journalOrPublisher="Forest Ecology and Management" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="2676 - 2682" refId="B208" refString="Menoyo, E, Renison, D, Becerra, AG, 2009. Arbuscular mycorrhizas and performance of Polylepis australis trees in relation to livestock density. Forest Ecology and Management 258 (12): 2676 - 2682, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.09.031" title="Arbuscular mycorrhizas and performance of Polylepis australis trees in relation to livestock density." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.09.031" volume="258" year="2009">Menoyo et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
) may be linked to the triploid ploidy level, but this also remains to be explored.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1966-02-20" country="Argentina" county="Andalgala" elevation="2400" latitude="-27.366667" location="Nevados de Aconquija" longLatPrecision="1237" longitude="-66.03333" municipality="East" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Catamarca">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingCountry name="Argentina">Argentina</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion country="Argentina" name="Catamarca">Catamarca</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Andalgalá">
<collectingCounty>Andalgala</collectingCounty>
</normalizedToken>
, 
<collectingMunicipality>East</collectingMunicipality>
slope of 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:E57448345FF474A517CD7FAB023D82D7" country="Argentina" county="Andalgala" latitude="-27.366667" longLatPrecision="1237" longitude="-66.03333" municipality="East" name="Nevados de Aconquija" stateProvince="Catamarca">Nevados de Aconquija</location>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:384E500DDC18F5F62D9D19CC7C75CA9A" country="Argentina" county="Andalgala" latitude="-27.366667" longLatPrecision="1237" longitude="-66.03333" municipality="East" name="Estancia" stateProvince="Catamarca">Estancia</location>
&quot;Yunca Suma&quot;, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:D98D9ED3A7362E480306DE5D4B3AA711" country="Argentina" county="Andalgala" latitude="-27.366667" longLatPrecision="1237" longitude="-66.03333" municipality="East" name="Los Quenoales" stateProvince="Catamarca">
Los 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Queñoales">Quenoales</normalizedToken>
</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-27.366667">27°22'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="066" direction="west" minutes="02" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-66.03333">066°02'W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" unit="m" value="2400.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" unit="m" value="2400.0">2400 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1966-02-20">20 February 1966</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hawkes 3547</emphasis>
(MO!)
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1945-12-13" collectingDateMax="1991-11-13" collectingDateMin="1945-12-13" collectorName="Falda E, La Cumbrecita, Solomon, Punilla, Dpto. Punilla, Ancibor, Tanti, Ruta, Ariza, Cerro Los, Conrad, Puente, Meyer, San Alberto, de Achala, Hunziker, Cordoba" country="Argentina" county="Calamuchita" elevation="2200" latitude="-31.916666" location="Cerro Champaqui" longLatPrecision="1213" longitude="-64.25" municipality="Sierra Grande" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cordoba">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Córdoba">
<collectingRegion country="Argentina" name="Cordoba">Cordoba</collectingRegion>
</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: 
<collectingCounty>Calamuchita</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality>Sierra Grande</collectingMunicipality>
(
<collectorName>Falda E</collectorName>
), al pie del 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:2C96CB6E9ACAABEECA5910456EED6E7E" country="Argentina" county="Calamuchita" latitude="-31.916666" longLatPrecision="1213" longitude="-64.25" municipality="Sierra Grande" name="Cerro Champaqui" stateProvince="Cordoba">
Cerro 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Champaquí">Champaqui</normalizedToken>
</location>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" unit="m" value="2200.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" unit="m" value="2200.0">2200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1952-09-26">26 September 1952</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:3915C37CB95D3241BE21CD2500B81D47" country="Argentina" county="Calamuchita" latitude="-31.916666" longLatPrecision="1213" longitude="-64.25" municipality="Sierra Grande" name="Hunziker" stateProvince="Cordoba">Hunziker</location>
9942
</emphasis>
(MO!); 
<collectorName>
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:CA16B605562C79954B17A8396C5B6850" country="Argentina" county="Calamuchita" latitude="-31.916666" longLatPrecision="1213" longitude="-64.25" municipality="Sierra Grande" name="La Cumbrecita" stateProvince="Cordoba">La Cumbrecita</location>
</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="31" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-31.916666">31°55'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="064" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-64.25">064°15'W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" unit="m" value="1450.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" unit="m" value="1450.0">1450 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1978-12-17">17 December 1978</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectorName>Solomon</collectorName>
4200
</emphasis>
(MO!). 
<collectorName>Punilla</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName>Dpto. Punilla</collectorName>
, cerca del 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:5BF0A907D694E23EA28619A73F202400" country="Argentina" county="Calamuchita" latitude="-31.916666" longLatPrecision="1213" longitude="-64.25" municipality="Sierra Grande" name="rio Yatain" stateProvince="Cordoba">
<normalizedToken originalValue="río">rio</normalizedToken>
Yatain
</location>
, 
<collectingDate value="1971-11-18">18 November 1971</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectorName>Ancibor</collectorName>
2150
</emphasis>
(MO!); 
<collectorName>Tanti</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName>Ruta</collectorName>
n° 20, km 757, 
<collectingDate value="1963-04-26">26 April 1963</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectorName>Ariza</collectorName>
1604b
</emphasis>
(CORD); 
<collectorName>Cerro Los</collectorName>
gigantes, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="km" value="50.0">50 km</quantity>
west of 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Córdoba">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:2A63642ED790F36C570AD8D64923A04E" country="Argentina" county="Calamuchita" latitude="-31.916666" longLatPrecision="1213" longitude="-64.25" municipality="Sierra Grande" name="Cordoba" stateProvince="Cordoba">Cordoba</location>
</normalizedToken>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.025" metricValueMax="2.05" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="m" value="2025.0" valueMax="2050.0" valueMin="2000.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.025" metricValueMax="2.05" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="m" value="2025.0" valueMax="2050.0" valueMin="2000.0">2000-2050 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1974-01-27">27 January 1974</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectorName>Conrad</collectorName>
2455
</emphasis>
(MO!); 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:D937412B445C97851A2C1FD8CA9BC35E" country="Argentina" county="Calamuchita" latitude="-31.916666" longLatPrecision="1213" longitude="-64.25" municipality="Sierra Grande" name="Barranca de Rio Yuspe" stateProvince="Cordoba">
Barranca de 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Yuspe
</location>
(
<collectorName>Puente</collectorName>
), 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.78" unit="m" value="1780.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.78" unit="m" value="1780.0">1780 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1949-12-16">16 December 1949</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectorName>Meyer</collectorName>
15627
</emphasis>
(GOET!). 
<collectorName>San Alberto</collectorName>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:C16B75202751A0BFFE8BAED515F8EF2E" country="Argentina" county="Calamuchita" latitude="-31.916666" longLatPrecision="1213" longitude="-64.25" municipality="Sierra Grande" name="Pampa de Achala" stateProvince="Cordoba">
Pampa 
<collectorName>de Achala</collectorName>
</location>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" unit="m" value="2200.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" unit="m" value="2200.0">2200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1945-12-13">13 December 1945</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectorName>Hunziker</collectorName>
1398
</emphasis>
(MO!); 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:43A9EB67A22999E925D61EA5F1653831" country="Argentina" county="Calamuchita" latitude="-31.916666" longLatPrecision="1213" longitude="-64.25" municipality="Sierra Grande" name="Pampa de Achala" stateProvince="Cordoba">
Pampa 
<collectorName>de Achala</collectorName>
</location>
, ca. 
<locationDeviation location="Mina Clavero">
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="km" value="40.0">40 km</quantity>
E Mina Clavero
</locationDeviation>
on road to 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Córdoba">
<collectorName>Cordoba</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" unit="m" value="1900.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" unit="m" value="1900.0">1900 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1991-11-13">13 November 1991</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Kessler 3347</emphasis>
(AAU!, GOET!, MO!); 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3348</emphasis>
(GOET!, MO!); 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3349</emphasis>
; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3350</emphasis>
(AAU!)
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1974-10-31" collectingDateMax="2001-07-11" collectingDateMin="1974-10-31" collectorName="de Yala, Charpin AC, de Calilegua" country="Argentina" county="Capital" elevation="2200" location="Sierra La Barbara" municipality="Lagunas de Yala" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jujuy">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingRegion country="Argentina" name="Jujuy">Jujuy</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: 
<collectingCounty>Capital</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality>
Lagunas 
<collectorName>de Yala</collectorName>
</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="2.1" unit="m" value="2200.0" valueMax="2300.0" valueMin="2100.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="2.1" unit="m" value="2200.0" valueMax="2300.0" valueMin="2100.0">2100-2300 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1986-11-18">18 November 1986</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectorName>Charpin AC</collectorName>
20520
</emphasis>
(MO!). Jujuy, Jala-Reyes, 
<collectingDate value="1982-10-30">30 October 1982</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zardini 1587</emphasis>
(MO!). 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:9586340BC2587AD948C49F7BBEABDD86" country="Argentina" county="Capital" municipality="Lagunas de Yala" name="Sierra La Barbara" stateProvince="Jujuy">Sierra La Barbara</location>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="m" value="2500.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="m" value="2500.0">2500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="2001-07-11">11 July 2001</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fries 264</emphasis>
(US!). Valle Grande, Camino a 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:B888C7DF17D3981215F69B6B28D508BF" country="Argentina" county="Capital" municipality="Lagunas de Yala" name="Altos de Calilegua" stateProvince="Jujuy">
Altos 
<collectorName>de Calilegua</collectorName>
</location>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" unit="m" value="2400.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" unit="m" value="2400.0">2400 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1974-10-31">31 October 1974</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cabrera 25659</emphasis>
(MO!)
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1979-04-05" collectingDateMax="1988-11-10" collectingDateMin="1979-04-05" collectorName="La Quiaca, La Huerta" country="Argentina" county="Guachipas" elevation="1950" latitude="-22.25" location="Novara" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.96667" municipality="Alto del Poronguito" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Salta">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingRegion country="Argentina" name="Salta">Salta</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: 
<collectingCounty>Guachipas</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality>Alto del Poronguito</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.9" unit="m" value="1950.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1900.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.9" unit="m" value="1950.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1900.0">1900-2000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1983-02-07">07 February 1983</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:1A476777CF5140146F4370A9266B4670" country="Argentina" county="Guachipas" latitude="-22.25" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.96667" municipality="Alto del Poronguito" name="Novara" stateProvince="Salta">Novara</location>
3157
</emphasis>
(MO!). 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:6F1768A9AEB6E4262C58333222C749EE" country="Argentina" county="Guachipas" latitude="-22.25" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.96667" municipality="Alto del Poronguito" name="Santa Victoria" stateProvince="Salta">Santa Victoria</location>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
. from 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:2BEC6F47AE01DC3A5C95864BADE93E43" country="Argentina" county="Guachipas" latitude="-22.25" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.96667" municipality="Alto del Poronguito" name="Santa Victoria" stateProvince="Salta">Santa Victoria</location>
towards 
<collectorName>
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:82C88B5EE2882CF4EBF9AB72066072C1" country="Argentina" county="Guachipas" latitude="-22.25" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.96667" municipality="Alto del Poronguito" name="La Quiaca" stateProvince="Salta">La Quiaca</location>
</collectorName>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-22.25">22°15'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="065" direction="west" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-65.066666">065°04'W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="3.3" unit="m" value="3350.0" valueMax="3400.0" valueMin="3300.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="3.3" unit="m" value="3350.0" valueMax="3400.0" valueMin="3300.0">3300-3400 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1979-04-05">05 April 1979</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bothmer 6466</emphasis>
(MO!); Santa Victoria, ruta 5, alturas 
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
al W del pueblo, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" unit="m" value="2900.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" unit="m" value="2900.0">2900 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1987-05-14">14 May 1987</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novara 6695</emphasis>
(GOET!, Z!); Santa Victoria, por el camino 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="km" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5-10 km</quantity>
al W del pueblo, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.7" unit="m" value="2850.0" valueMax="3000.0" valueMin="2700.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.7" unit="m" value="2850.0" valueMax="3000.0" valueMin="2700.0">2700-3000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1988-11-10">10 November 1988</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Novara 8210</emphasis>
(Z!); Santa Victoria Oeste, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="-22.25">22°15'00&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="064" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="-64.96667">064°58'00&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectingDate value="1983-01-21">21 January 1983</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zardini 1676</emphasis>
(MO!); 
<collectorName>La Huerta</collectorName>
, 
<collectingDate value="1983-01-31">31 January 1983</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Zardini 1903</emphasis>
(MO!)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2000-12-16" collectingDateMax="2001-01-26" collectingDateMin="2000-12-16" collectorName="de Comechingones, de Merlo, El Mirador" country="Argentina" elevation="1200" location="Sierra de Comechingones" municipality="Junin" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="San Luis">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingRegion country="Argentina" name="San Luis">San Luis</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Junín">
<collectingMunicipality>Junin</collectingMunicipality>
</normalizedToken>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:0B16199B98A2F6A5FEBAAAC71D916343" country="Argentina" municipality="Junin" name="Sierra de Comechingones" stateProvince="San Luis">
Sierra 
<collectorName>de Comechingones</collectorName>
</location>
, al este 
<collectorName>de Merlo</collectorName>
, ruta prov. 5, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="1200.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="2000-12-16">16 December 2000</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leuenberger 4764</emphasis>
(GOET!); 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
al este 
<collectorName>de Merlo</collectorName>
(
<collectorName>El Mirador</collectorName>
), 
<collectingDate value="2001-01-26">26 January 2001</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Scarpa 435</emphasis>
(SI)
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1924-03-10" collectingDateMax="2017-08-01" collectingDateMin="1924-03-10" collectorName="Palacios" country="Argentina" county="Chicligasta" elevation="1000" latitude="-26.791111" location="Meyer" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-65.73" municipality="Saladillo" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tucuman">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tucumán">
<collectingRegion country="Argentina" name="Tucuman">Tucuman</collectingRegion>
</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: 
<collectingCounty>Chicligasta</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality>Saladillo</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="1000.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1948-05-18">18 May 1948</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:97AE23056717BA34354023A7833325AA" country="Argentina" county="Chicligasta" latitude="-26.791111" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-65.73" municipality="Saladillo" name="Meyer" stateProvince="Tucuman">Meyer</location>
14063
</emphasis>
(MO!); 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" unit="m" value="1800.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1924-03-10">10 March 1924</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:B2E14B0C134965585C4F7A242E324AB0" country="Argentina" county="Chicligasta" latitude="-26.791111" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-65.73" municipality="Saladillo" name="Venturi" stateProvince="Tucuman">Venturi</location>
3010
</emphasis>
(Z!); 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="2000.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1925-12-13">13 December 1925</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:5E2B21A3B180F970FCD877CEBBDA8AD1" country="Argentina" county="Chicligasta" latitude="-26.791111" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-65.73" municipality="Saladillo" name="Venturi" stateProvince="Tucuman">Venturi</location>
3990
</emphasis>
(MO!). 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tafí">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:9AF096BFEA9F63DCA9CD9DFAA93FA674" country="Argentina" county="Chicligasta" latitude="-26.791111" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-65.73" municipality="Saladillo" name="Tafi" stateProvince="Tucuman">Tafi</location>
</normalizedToken>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:348B458306FA9F6E91B45CC3B10D3BC2" country="Argentina" county="Chicligasta" latitude="-26.791111" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-65.73" municipality="Saladillo" name="Quebrada" stateProvince="Tucuman">Quebrada</location>
de los 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:8C172FFE401A60E93029707567907292" country="Argentina" county="Chicligasta" latitude="-26.791111" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-65.73" municipality="Saladillo" name="Alisos Tafi del Valle" stateProvince="Tucuman">Alisos Tafi del Valle</location>
, 
<collectingDate value="2012-01-01">01 January 2012</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Castillón">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:1DAC7DA0F3073B3B8A9FF76019878FA3" country="Argentina" county="Chicligasta" latitude="-26.791111" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-65.73" municipality="Saladillo" name="Castillon" stateProvince="Tucuman">Castillon</location>
</normalizedToken>
89344
</emphasis>
(US!); 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:5033FB4104AB89FD97F75DC7E4E2679B" country="Argentina" county="Chicligasta" latitude="-26.791111" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-65.73" municipality="Saladillo" name="Tafi del Valle" stateProvince="Tucuman">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tafí">Tafi</normalizedToken>
del Valle
</location>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="2000.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1949-09-24">24 September 1949</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:167507B8E161D6EF7BE4ADD94DB73454" country="Argentina" county="Chicligasta" latitude="-26.791111" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-65.73" municipality="Saladillo" name="Palacios" stateProvince="Tucuman">Palacios</location>
19 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:75153C5DEFD14D73602B79E4B50BD16B" country="Argentina" county="Chicligasta" latitude="-26.791111" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-65.73" municipality="Saladillo" name="Ar" stateProvince="Tucuman">Ar</location>
106
</emphasis>
(MO!); 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:268C7CFD1699253EEF3F77251242DF11" country="Argentina" county="Chicligasta" latitude="-26.791111" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-65.73" municipality="Saladillo" name="Tafi del Valle" stateProvince="Tucuman">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tafí">Tafi</normalizedToken>
del Valle
</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="26" direction="south" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="28" value="-26.791111">26°47'28&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="065" direction="west" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="48" value="-65.73">065°43'48&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, s.d., 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectorName>Palacios</collectorName>
s.n
</emphasis>
(MO!); 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:535E2F131374BBC7C4CAF7F22352BC9F" country="Argentina" county="Chicligasta" latitude="-26.791111" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-65.73" municipality="Saladillo" name="Localidad La Cienaga" stateProvince="Tucuman">Localidad La Cienaga</location>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" unit="m" value="2800.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" unit="m" value="2800.0">2800 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1950-01-29">29 January 1950</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sleumer 204</emphasis>
(GOET!). Trancas, 
<collectingDate value="2017-08-01">01 August 2017</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Schreiter 321</emphasis>
(MO!); 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB148DFDD71877B3DFF5F0A004CED4A3:AA1F244CD9E05A299216C427F2FEB670" country="Argentina" county="Chicligasta" latitude="-26.791111" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-65.73" municipality="Saladillo" name="Tafi del Valle" stateProvince="Tucuman">Tafi del Valle</location>
, 
<collectingDate value="1965-12-19">19 December 1965</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Walter 614</emphasis>
(GOET!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>