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<document id="74071048064FF17C83EA1356977E62D9" ID-CLB-Dataset="53279" ID-DOI="10.1643/i2020105" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cf572f6b-8843-4383-85ce-ac9ea8515e87" ID-ISSN="2766-1520" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7846738" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="tatiana" checkinTime="1681927420572" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Tang, Kevin L., Stiassny, Melanie L. J., Mayden, Richard L. &amp; DeSalle, Robert" docDate="2021" docId="A0558C73FF84FFEC931C123A917DF89B" docLanguage="en" docName="IchthyolHerpetol.109.1.258-318.pdf" docOrigin="Ichthyology &amp; Herpetology 109 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1643/i2020105" docStyle="DocumentStyle:25DEBD253B07840CEE0E8BE8BE2C6752.2:IchthyolHerpetol.2021-.journal_article" docStyleId="25DEBD253B07840CEE0E8BE8BE2C6752" docStyleName="IchthyolHerpetol.2021-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Altrichthys Allen 1999" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="294" masterDocId="5C6CF40BFFA0FFC8937B102A9327FE5D" masterDocTitle="Systematics of Damselfishes" masterLastPageNumber="318" masterPageNumber="258" pageNumber="294" updateTime="1716366562050" updateUser="tatiana">
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<mods:title id="6C4A972ACF021A39E8BE886DF7ED97D4">Systematics of Damselfishes</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2C33196DC407EC55349C34832C567E55">Tang, Kevin L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D24C36CFC8BAC19B614FECE499DCD7E5">Mayden, Richard L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="13F70CBF4FCED6498664832D536EF4B6">DeSalle, Robert</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="A0558C73FF84FFEC931C123A917DF89B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7858490" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209579143" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7858490" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A0558C73FF84FFEC931C123A917DF89B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A0558C73FF84FFEC931C123A917DF89B" lastPageNumber="294" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">
<subSubSection id="60E66EEEFF84FFEC931C123A93F8FC7A" box="[103,223,528,551]" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="28433D65FF84FFEC931C123A93F8FC7A" blockId="36.[103,773,528,1734]" box="[103,223,528,551]" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC931C123A93F8FC7A" bold="true" box="[103,223,528,551]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC931C123A93FCFC7A" ID-CoL="T2S" ID-ENA="646036" authority="Allen, 1999" authorityName="Allen" authorityYear="1999" box="[103,219,528,551]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Altrichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Altrichthys</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="60E66EEEFF84FFEC93A4123A917DF89B" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" type="description">
<paragraph id="28433D65FF84FFEC93A4123A917DF89B" blockId="36.[103,773,528,1734]" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC93A4123A93D1FC7A" bold="true" box="[223,246,528,551]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">—</emphasis>
The absence of pelagic larvae and concomitant parental care were subsequently observed in three additional species. After discovering that
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC92CE1261921CFCDD" authority="(sensu Allen, 1991)" baseAuthorityName="sensu Allen" baseAuthorityYear="1991" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Amblyglyphidodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="azurelineatus">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC92CE12619023FC3C" box="[437,772,587,609]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">Amblyglyphidodon azurelineatus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC931412409380FC22" box="[111,167,618,639]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">sensu</emphasis>
Allen, 1991)
</taxonomicName>
shared these traits with
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC912C124393DCFCC0" authority=", Allen (1999 a)" authorityName=", Allen" authorityYear="1999" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Acanthochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC912C124391DAFC22" box="[599,765,617,639]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">Acanthochromis</emphasis>
, Allen (1999a)
</taxonomicName>
erected
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC922E12AC92E2FCC1" box="[341,453,646,668]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Altrichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC922E12AC92E2FCC1" box="[341,453,646,668]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">Altrichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to house
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC914B12AD91F3FCC1" baseAuthorityName="sensu Allen" baseAuthorityYear="1991" box="[560,724,646,668]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Amblyglyphidodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="azurelineatus">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC914B12AD91F3FCC1" box="[560,724,646,668]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">A. azurelineatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and another species, the newly described
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC9152128F91BEFCE7" authorityName="Allen" authorityYear="1999" box="[553,665,677,698]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Altrichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curatus">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC9152128F91BEFCE7" box="[553,665,677,698]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">A. curatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A third species,
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC93B312E89202FC8A" authorityName="Bernardi, Longo &amp; Quiros" authorityYear="2017" box="[200,293,705,727]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Altrichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alelia">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC93B312E89202FC8A" box="[200,293,705,727]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">A. alelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, was recently described (Bernardi et al., 2017b). With their limited ability to disperse, all three are confined to the
<collectingRegion id="EA38F387FF84FFEC925A12D792C1FD4E" box="[289,486,765,787]" country="Philippines" name="Palawan" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">Palawan Province</collectingRegion>
in the
<collectingCountry id="50EB7DF5FF84FFEC914512D79199FD4E" box="[574,702,765,787]" name="Philippines" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">Philippines</collectingCountry>
. Allen (1999a) classified the genus as a member of the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC931C131293C0FD13" baseAuthorityName="sensu Allen" baseAuthorityYear="1975" box="[103,231,824,846]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Chrominae">Chrominae</taxonomicName>
, noting that Allen (1991) had overlooked the presence of spiniform procurrent caudal rays when assigning
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC931C135993C8FDD4" baseAuthorityName="sensu Allen" baseAuthorityYear="1991" box="[103,239,883,905]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Amblyglyphidodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="azurelineatus">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC931C135993C8FDD4" box="[103,239,883,905]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">azurelineatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC925B135992C7FDD4" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1877" box="[288,480,883,905]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Amblyglyphidodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC925B135992C7FDD4" box="[288,480,883,905]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">Amblyglyphidodon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, as mentioned above, Cooper et al. (2009) advised against employing this character for classification because it is unreliable for diagnosing members of
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC92ED13E69130FDBF" baseAuthorityName="sensu Allen" baseAuthorityYear="1975" box="[406,535,972,994]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="300" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Chrominae">Chrominae</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC915313E79193FDBF" box="[552,692,973,994]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC915313E79145FDBF" box="[552,610,973,994]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Chrysiptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sensu">sensu</taxonomicName>
stricto
</emphasis>
. They reassigned
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC939713C39247FDA2" box="[236,352,1001,1023]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Altrichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC939713C39247FDA2" box="[236,352,1001,1023]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">Altrichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC92E313C09166FA5D" box="[408,577,1002,1024]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="300" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pomacentrinae">Pomacentrinae</taxonomicName>
based on their topology, where
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC9248142D9282FA40" box="[307,421,1031,1053]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Altrichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC9248142D9282FA40" box="[307,421,1031,1053]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">Altrichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
landed in a polytomy with
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC931C140F924DFA67" baseAuthorityName="Randall" baseAuthorityYear="2002" box="[103,362,1060,1082]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Pomacentrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lepidogenys">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC931C140F924DFA67" box="[103,362,1060,1082]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">Pomacentrus lepidogenys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC92D0140F912BFA67" authorityName="Fowler &amp; Bean" authorityYear="1928" box="[427,524,1061,1082]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Pomacentrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stigma">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC92D0140F912BFA67" box="[427,524,1061,1082]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">P. stigma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, much like the situation with
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC92321468928CFA05" authorityName="Heller &amp; Snodgrass" authorityYear="1903" box="[329,427,1090,1112]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Nexilosus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC92321468928CFA05" box="[329,427,1090,1112]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">Nexilosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see above), this unexpected result may have been due to issues with data quality. Unable to obtain fresh samples of
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC92C01457910BFACE" box="[443,556,1149,1171]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Altrichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC92C01457910BFACE" box="[443,556,1149,1171]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">Altrichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, they resorted to sequencing formalin-fixed specimens of
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC915614B191BFFAEC" authorityName="Allen" authorityYear="1999" box="[557,664,1179,1201]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Altrichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curatus">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC915614B191BFFAEC" box="[557,664,1179,1201]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">A. curatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Bernardi (2011) acknowledged the limitations of extracting viable DNA from such material. He demonstrated that Cooper et al.’s (2009) sequences do not represent
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC915314DE91B3FB54" authorityName="Allen" authorityYear="1999" box="[552,660,1268,1289]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Altrichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curatus">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC915314DE91B3FB54" box="[552,660,1268,1289]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">A. curatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and were likely the result of contamination or misidentification involving
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC93A2151A9211FB18" authorityName="Fowler &amp; Bean" authorityYear="1928" box="[217,310,1328,1349]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Pomacentrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stigma">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC93A2151A9211FB18" box="[217,310,1328,1349]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">P. stigma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Perhaps unaware of this discovery, some workers have continued to rely on Cooper et al.’s (2009) data and still misplace
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC924815409284FBDD" box="[307,419,1386,1408]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Altrichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC924815409284FBDD" box="[307,419,1386,1408]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">Altrichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
inside
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC928D1541915EFBDD" box="[502,633,1387,1408]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Pomacentrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC928D1541915EFBDD" box="[502,633,1387,1408]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">Pomacentrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="4C6D4094FF84FFEC91C5154093D1FBC3" author="Litsios, G. &amp; L. Pellissier &amp; F. Forest &amp; C. Lexer &amp; P. B. Pearman &amp; N. E. Zimmermann &amp; N. Salamin" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" pagination="3662 - 3669" refId="ref72070" refString="Litsios, G., L. Pellissier, F. Forest, C. Lexer, P. B. Pearman, N. E. Zimmermann, and N. Salamin. 2012 b. Trophic specialization influences the rate of environmental niche evolution in damselfishes (Pomacentridae). Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279: 3662 - 3669." type="journal article" year="2012">Litsios et al., 2012b</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="4C6D4094FF84FFEC927F15A292D3FBC0" author="Frederich, B. &amp; L. Sorenson &amp; F. Santini &amp; G. J. Slater &amp; M. E. Alfaro" box="[260,500,1416,1438]" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" pagination="94 - 113" refId="ref66743" refString="Frederich, B., L. Sorenson, F. Santini, G. J. Slater, and M. E. Alfaro. 2013. Iterative ecological radiation and convergence during the evolutionary history of damselfishes (Pomacentridae). The American Naturalist 181: 94 - 113." type="journal article" year="2013">Frédérich et al., 2013</bibRefCitation>
; DiBattista et al., 2016). DiBattista et al. (2016) found
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC92C7158F910BFBE6" box="[444,556,1445,1467]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Altrichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC92C7158F910BFBE6" box="[444,556,1445,1467]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">Altrichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be polyphyletic where
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC93CE15E8929EFB85" baseAuthorityName="Fowler &amp; Bean" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[181,441,1474,1496]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Altrichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="azurelineatus">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC93CE15E8929EFB85" box="[181,441,1474,1496]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">Altrichthys azurelineatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was sister to
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC912515E89023FB85" authorityName=", Allen" authorityYear="1999" box="[606,772,1474,1496]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Acanthochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC912515E89023FB85" box="[606,772,1474,1496]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">Acanthochromis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC93E215CA9245FBAB" authorityName="Allen" authorityYear="1999" box="[153,354,1504,1526]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Altrichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curatus">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC93E215CA9245FBAB" box="[153,354,1504,1526]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">Altrichthys curatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was embedded within
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC910015CB91D9FBAB" box="[635,766,1505,1526]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Pomacentrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC910015CB91D9FBAB" box="[635,766,1505,1526]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">Pomacentrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. There is robust support (100% bootstrap) for a monophyletic
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC931C163193F0F86C" box="[103,215,1563,1585]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Altrichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC931C163193F0F86C" box="[103,215,1563,1585]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">Altrichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
paired with
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC921F1631912DF86C" authorityName=", Allen" authorityYear="1999" box="[356,522,1563,1585]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Acanthochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC921F1631912DF86C" box="[356,522,1563,1585]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">Acanthochromis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as its sister group (
<figureCitation id="B0C721E0FF84FFEC91A616319354F80D" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[142,170,1900,1920]" captionTargetBox="[194,1477,178,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-1@7.[194,1477,178,1870]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 1. The phylogenetic relationships of damselfishes (Teleostei: Pomacentridae): (A) outgroup taxa; (B) subfamilies Microspathodontinae and Glyphisodontinae; (C) subfamily Chrominae; (D) subfamily Pomacentrinae (part I); (E) subfamily Pomacentrinae (part II). The phylogeny is based on the maximum-likelihood topology with the best log likelihood score (ln L ¼ –45,4518.728) recovered from ten independent maximum-likelihood analyses of a data matrix composed of 462 taxa and 6,865 nucleotides. Bootstrap values from 1,000 ultrafast replicates are displayed for each node" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7846740" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7846740/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). This lends further support to the hypothesis that brood care and loss of the pelagic larval stage evolved only once in
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC931C165E92F3F8D6" authority="(Bernardi, 2011)" baseAuthorityName="Bernardi" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[103,468,1652,1675]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Pomacentridae (Bernardi, 2011)</taxonomicName>
. The relationships discovered within
<taxonomicName id="EFFC46E6FF84FFEC938C16BB9240F8FA" box="[247,359,1681,1703]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pomacentridae" genus="Altrichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="36" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1A88E177FF84FFEC938C16BB9240F8FA" box="[247,359,1681,1703]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="294">Altrichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
herein match previously published trees (Bernardi, 2011; Bernardi et al., 2017b).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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