treatments-xml/data/59/96/D3/5996D38D07595124B78234DC94DAF9FC.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.930.47620" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6b7dff3a-b036-4615-ac66-8946bbfd39e2" ID-PMC="PMC7200892" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-930-3" ID-Pensoft-UUID="CCE966F157C6546F9D8A0471493C80F6" ID-PubMed="32390746" ID-ZooBank="21AD97D78E864F0A9C205E1E4BFDDB56" ModsDocID="1313-2970-930-3" checkinTime="1588165351563" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wesener, Thomas &amp; Anilkumar, Pooja Avinipully" docDate="2020" docId="5996D38D07595124B78234DC94DAF9FC" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 930: 3-35" docOrigin="ZooKeys 930" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.930.47620" docTitle="Zoosphaerium mangabe Wesener 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="F9D03D6A-2AEB-4208-B64A-80554641BE6A" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="CCE966F157C6546F9D8A0471493C80F6" lastPageNumber="3" masterDocId="CCE966F157C6546F9D8A0471493C80F6" masterDocTitle="The millipedes collected by the Museum &quot; La Specola &quot; on Madagascar 1989 / 1991, with the description of three new species of giant pill-millipedes (Diplopoda, Sphaerotheriida, Arthrosphaeridae)" masterLastPageNumber="35" masterPageNumber="3" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1668168794877" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>The millipedes collected by the Museum &quot; La Specola &quot; on Madagascar 1989 / 1991, with the description of three new species of giant pill-millipedes (Diplopoda, Sphaerotheriida, Arthrosphaeridae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wesener, Thomas</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig (ZFMK), Leibniz Institute for Animal Biodiversity, Adenauerallee 160, D- 53113, Bonn, Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Anilkumar, Pooja Avinipully</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig (ZFMK), Leibniz Institute for Animal Biodiversity, Adenauerallee 160, D- 53113, Bonn, Germany</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8473-1457</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">pooja.anilkumar54@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>930</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>3</mods:start>
<mods:end>35</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.930.47620</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.930.47620</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-930-3</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">21AD97D78E864F0A9C205E1E4BFDDB56</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">CCE966F157C6546F9D8A0471493C80F6</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="163875356" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F9D03D6A-2AEB-4208-B64A-80554641BE6A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5996D38D07595124B78234DC94DAF9FC" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<taxonomicName LSID="5996D38D-0759-5124-B782-34DC94DAF9FC" authority="Wesener" authorityName="Wesener" authorityYear="2020" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zoosphaerium mangabe" order="Diplopoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mangabe" status="sp. nov.">Zoosphaerium mangabe Wesener</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="3">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Distribution map of the three new Zoosphaerium species and the morphologically related species. Photograph shows the holotype of Zoosphaerium mangabe sp. nov., male." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47620.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404584" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Figures 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Zoosphaerium mangabe sp. nov., male holotype, female from Marojejy. A 9 th left leg B - D Left anterior telopod, E, F posterior telopod. B anterior view C lateral view D posterior view E anterior view F posterior view G female vulva H female washboard. Abbreviations: cx = coxa; fe = femur; O = operculum; pf = prefemur; po = postfemur; sr = stridulation rib; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; roman numerals refer to telopoditomere number. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47620.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404585" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">, 3A-H</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. SEM, Endotergum of mid body tergites, ventral view. A Zoosphaerium mangabe sp. nov., male from Marojejy B Zoosphaerium bartolozzii sp. nov., male holotype C Zoosphaerium taitii sp. nov., male holotype. Abbreviations: IA = inner area; ci = cuticular impressions; mr = marginal ridge; mb = marginal bristles." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47620.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404587" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">, 5A</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="3" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">1</emphasis>
♂ 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">holotype</emphasis>
(MZUF)
</emphasis>
, Nosy Mangabe (Maroantsetra), 
<geoCoordinate degrees="15" direction="south" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="43.4" value="-15.495389">15°29'43.4''S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="49" direction="east" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="07.6" value="49.768776">49°46'07.6''E</geoCoordinate>
, Mag 1313, R. Nicheri, 24 Apr 1990.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="3" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Other material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
1 ♂ (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">ZMUCXXXX</emphasis>
), Madagascar, Province Antsiranana, Marojejy Res., 8.4 km NNW Manantenina, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-14.433333">14°26'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="49" direction="east" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="49.75">49°45'E</geoCoordinate>
, 700 m, 10-16 Nov 1991, leg. J. Coddington, N. Scharff, S. Larcher, C. Griswold, R. Andriamasimanana; 1 ♂ (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">ZFMK MYR8915</emphasis>
), same data as previous; 1 ♀ (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">FMNH-INS 2858681B</emphasis>
), VS-2642, Madagascar, Antsiranana, SAVA, Parc National de Marojejy, 6.5 km NW Manantenina village, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="21.2" value="-14.455889">14°27'21.2''S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="49" direction="east" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="29.8" value="49.774944">49°46'29.8''E</geoCoordinate>
, 780 m, disturbed lowland humid forest, pitfalls, coll. 31 May 2016, Voahangy Soarimalala, GenBank #KY399026.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="3" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
The word 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wesener" authorityYear="2020" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="mangabe" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mangabe">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">mangabe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a noun in apposition, after the type locality of the species, the island of Nosy Mangabe at the NE coast of Madagascar.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wesener" authorityYear="2020" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zoosphaerium mangabe" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mangabe">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Zoosphaerium mangabe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. shares the large body size, surface structure (like the peel of an orange), presence of only one stridulation rib on the male harp, and&gt; 10 apical cones on the antenna only with 
<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. coquerelianum" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" rank="species" species="coquerelianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Z. coquerelianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(de Saussure &amp; Zehntner, 1897) and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. tainkintana" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" rank="species" species="tainkintana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Z. tainkintana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Wesener, 2009. 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wesener" authorityYear="2020" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zoosphaerium mangabe" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mangabe">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Zoosphaerium mangabe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. differs from 
<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. coquerelianum" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" rank="species" species="coquerelianum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Z. coquerelianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the long second locking carina on the anal shield (&gt; times longer than the first), the hairy anal shield, and the presence of sclerotized teeth on the anterior telopods. The former differs from 
<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. tainkintana" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" rank="species" species="tainkintana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Z. tainkintana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the much shorter marginal bristles of the endotergum (reaching only 1/3 of the distance towards margin), the female operculum (two widely separated tips vs. fused tips), and in structures of the anterior telopod (e.g., three or four large teeth in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. mangabe" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" rank="species" species="mangabe">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Z. mangabe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. but seven in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="Z. tainkintana" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" rank="species" species="tainkintana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Z. tainkintana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47620.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404584" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Figure 2.</emphasis>
Distribution map of the three new 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1895" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zoosphaerium" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Zoosphaerium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species and the morphologically related species. Photograph shows the holotype of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wesener" authorityYear="2020" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zoosphaerium mangabe" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mangabe">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Zoosphaerium mangabe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., male.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="3" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Description</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">(all measurements in mm). Body length: Male holotype: length 49.3, width 27.4 (2nd), 27.9 (8th = widest), height 13.7 (2nd), 15.5 (8th = highest). Female from Marojejy (broken): length ca. 50, width 27.9 (2nd = widest), height 14.6 (2nd), 18.1 (8th = highest).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Coloration</emphasis>
: Color in some parts faded to a lighter brown than other parts after almost 30 years in ethanol. Younger and better-preserved female from Marojejy (FMNH-INS 2858681B) shows dark grey tergites with a thin dark brown posterior margin. Clypeus, base of legs and tip of antennae lighter brown, other parts of appendages dark green. Head except clypeus, collum, thoracic shield, body tergites, and anal shield dark olive green.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Head</emphasis>
: Eyes consisting of 65/68 ommatidia. Antennae with 36/48 apical cones, part of left tip apparently regenerated.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Gnathochilarium</emphasis>
: Sensory cones of palpi in single field. Inner parts of gnathochilarium not dissected.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Mandible</emphasis>
not dissected.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Stigmatic plate</emphasis>
: First stigmatic plate slender, apically narrow but well-rounded.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Pleurite</emphasis>
: First pleurite laterally sharp-edged but not projecting.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Collum</emphasis>
: Anterior and posterior margins with a sparse row of short setae. Inner part with a few isolated short setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Thoracic shield</emphasis>
: Grooves deep, with few long setae. Remaining surface of thoracic shield similar to following tergites.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Tergites</emphasis>
: Surface orange-like, each pit carrying a tiny seta. Tergite tips strongly projecting posteriorly.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Endotergum</emphasis>
: Inner area with conical spines, broad at base with numerous setae and numerous small sharp spines in between. Single row of interchanging elliptical and smaller circular cuticular impressions. Smooth marginal ridge. Two rows of very short marginal bristle, protruding towards 1/4-1/2 margin (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. SEM, Endotergum of mid body tergites, ventral view. A Zoosphaerium mangabe sp. nov., male from Marojejy B Zoosphaerium bartolozzii sp. nov., male holotype C Zoosphaerium taitii sp. nov., male holotype. Abbreviations: IA = inner area; ci = cuticular impressions; mr = marginal ridge; mb = marginal bristles." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47620.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404587" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">5A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Anal shield</emphasis>
: Well-rounded, well-visible dorsally. Completely and regularly covered by small setae, underside carrying two locking carinae, second more than four times as long as first.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Legs</emphasis>
: Leg one with three or five, leg two with six, leg three with seven ventral spines. First two leg pairs without an apical spine. Legs 4-21 with 8-10 ventral spines and one apical spine (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Zoosphaerium mangabe sp. nov., male holotype, female from Marojejy. A 9 th left leg B - D Left anterior telopod, E, F posterior telopod. B anterior view C lateral view D posterior view E anterior view F posterior view G female vulva H female washboard. Abbreviations: cx = coxa; fe = femur; O = operculum; pf = prefemur; po = postfemur; sr = stridulation rib; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; roman numerals refer to telopoditomere number. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47620.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404585" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">3A</figureCitation>
). In leg nine femur 1.9, tarsus 4.1 times longer than wide.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47620.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404585" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wesener" authorityYear="2020" class="Diplopoda" family="Arthrosphaeridae" genus="Zoosphaerium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zoosphaerium mangabe" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mangabe">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Zoosphaerium mangabe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., male holotype, female from Marojejy. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">A</emphasis>
9th left leg 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">B</emphasis>
- 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">D</emphasis>
Left anterior telopod, 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">E</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">F</emphasis>
posterior telopod. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">B</emphasis>
anterior view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">C</emphasis>
lateral view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">D</emphasis>
posterior view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">E</emphasis>
anterior view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">F</emphasis>
posterior view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">G</emphasis>
female vulva 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">H</emphasis>
female washboard. Abbreviations: cx = coxa; fe = femur; O = operculum; pf = prefemur; po = postfemur; sr = stridulation rib; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; roman numerals refer to telopoditomere number. Scale bars: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Female sexual characters</emphasis>
: Vulva large, covering 3/4 of coxa, not extending to prefemur but protruding to apical margin of coxa. Operculum rounded, medially deeply invaginated, apical margin extended into two well-rounded lobes. Inner mesal plate long and slender and extending to apex of coxa and operculum. Lateral margin covered by hairs. External mesal plate broader and only extending to base of operculum, lateral margins also covered by hair (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Zoosphaerium mangabe sp. nov., male holotype, female from Marojejy. A 9 th left leg B - D Left anterior telopod, E, F posterior telopod. B anterior view C lateral view D posterior view E anterior view F posterior view G female vulva H female washboard. Abbreviations: cx = coxa; fe = femur; O = operculum; pf = prefemur; po = postfemur; sr = stridulation rib; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; roman numerals refer to telopoditomere number. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47620.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404585" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">3G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Subanal plate</emphasis>
: Large and wide, with shallow invagination at apical margin. Washboard with two short but well-developed stridulation ribs on each side. Margins and median part densely covered with hair (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Zoosphaerium mangabe sp. nov., male holotype, female from Marojejy. A 9 th left leg B - D Left anterior telopod, E, F posterior telopod. B anterior view C lateral view D posterior view E anterior view F posterior view G female vulva H female washboard. Abbreviations: cx = coxa; fe = femur; O = operculum; pf = prefemur; po = postfemur; sr = stridulation rib; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; roman numerals refer to telopoditomere number. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47620.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404585" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">3H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Male sexual characters</emphasis>
: Gonopore slightly oval, rounded apically, apical 1/4 covered by semicircular membranous plate, basal 3/4 by sclerotized plate, with few setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Anterior telopod</emphasis>
: Harp carrying one stridulation rib positioned medially with end pointing laterad. Podomere one wide with few setae in anterior aspect (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Zoosphaerium mangabe sp. nov., male holotype, female from Marojejy. A 9 th left leg B - D Left anterior telopod, E, F posterior telopod. B anterior view C lateral view D posterior view E anterior view F posterior view G female vulva H female washboard. Abbreviations: cx = coxa; fe = femur; O = operculum; pf = prefemur; po = postfemur; sr = stridulation rib; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; roman numerals refer to telopoditomere number. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47620.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404585" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">3B</figureCitation>
). Podomere two, process not visible in anterior view, reaching half of length of podomere three (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Zoosphaerium mangabe sp. nov., male holotype, female from Marojejy. A 9 th left leg B - D Left anterior telopod, E, F posterior telopod. B anterior view C lateral view D posterior view E anterior view F posterior view G female vulva H female washboard. Abbreviations: cx = coxa; fe = femur; O = operculum; pf = prefemur; po = postfemur; sr = stridulation rib; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; roman numerals refer to telopoditomere number. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47620.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404585" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">3C, D</figureCitation>
), with sclerotized nubs along mesal margin. Podomere three tapering, as long as podomere two, with a rounded apex carrying one dark sclerotized spot near tip (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Zoosphaerium mangabe sp. nov., male holotype, female from Marojejy. A 9 th left leg B - D Left anterior telopod, E, F posterior telopod. B anterior view C lateral view D posterior view E anterior view F posterior view G female vulva H female washboard. Abbreviations: cx = coxa; fe = femur; O = operculum; pf = prefemur; po = postfemur; sr = stridulation rib; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; roman numerals refer to telopoditomere number. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47620.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404585" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">3C, D</figureCitation>
). Field of sclerotized spots run along apical-basal margin with three spines (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Zoosphaerium mangabe sp. nov., male holotype, female from Marojejy. A 9 th left leg B - D Left anterior telopod, E, F posterior telopod. B anterior view C lateral view D posterior view E anterior view F posterior view G female vulva H female washboard. Abbreviations: cx = coxa; fe = femur; O = operculum; pf = prefemur; po = postfemur; sr = stridulation rib; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; roman numerals refer to telopoditomere number. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47620.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404585" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">3C, D</figureCitation>
). Three or four crenulated teeth at lateral margin (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Zoosphaerium mangabe sp. nov., male holotype, female from Marojejy. A 9 th left leg B - D Left anterior telopod, E, F posterior telopod. B anterior view C lateral view D posterior view E anterior view F posterior view G female vulva H female washboard. Abbreviations: cx = coxa; fe = femur; O = operculum; pf = prefemur; po = postfemur; sr = stridulation rib; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; roman numerals refer to telopoditomere number. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47620.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404585" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">3C, D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Posterior telopod</emphasis>
: Movable finger 2.4 times longer than wide with tip slightly curving towards the immovable finger. Apical tip with ten sclerotized crenulated teeth, three spines, and a shallow mesal cavity with one triangular membranous lobe (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Zoosphaerium mangabe sp. nov., male holotype, female from Marojejy. A 9 th left leg B - D Left anterior telopod, E, F posterior telopod. B anterior view C lateral view D posterior view E anterior view F posterior view G female vulva H female washboard. Abbreviations: cx = coxa; fe = femur; O = operculum; pf = prefemur; po = postfemur; sr = stridulation rib; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; roman numerals refer to telopoditomere number. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47620.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404585" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">3E, F</figureCitation>
). Immovable finger basally with one spine (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Zoosphaerium mangabe sp. nov., male holotype, female from Marojejy. A 9 th left leg B - D Left anterior telopod, E, F posterior telopod. B anterior view C lateral view D posterior view E anterior view F posterior view G female vulva H female washboard. Abbreviations: cx = coxa; fe = femur; O = operculum; pf = prefemur; po = postfemur; sr = stridulation rib; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; roman numerals refer to telopoditomere number. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47620.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404585" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">3E</figureCitation>
); slender, 3.4 times longer than wide, reaching as far as movable finger, tip curved towards movable finger with a row of small sclerotized spots along apical part of mesal margin. Podomere one glabrous, podomere two in both aspects densely covered with setae, apical part of immovable finger glabrous. Movable finger with few setae in latero-basal part in both aspects (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Zoosphaerium mangabe sp. nov., male holotype, female from Marojejy. A 9 th left leg B - D Left anterior telopod, E, F posterior telopod. B anterior view C lateral view D posterior view E anterior view F posterior view G female vulva H female washboard. Abbreviations: cx = coxa; fe = femur; O = operculum; pf = prefemur; po = postfemur; sr = stridulation rib; syn = syncoxite; ta = tarsus; ti = tibia; roman numerals refer to telopoditomere number. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47620.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404585" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">3E, F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="3" type="intraspecific variation">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Intraspecific variation.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="3">
Surprisingly, the specimens from Marojejy are in almost all aspects identical to the one studied from Nosy Mangabe. The genetic barcode comes from the female, and was previously published as &quot; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="3">Zoosphaerium</emphasis>
sp. Grey&quot; (
<bibRefCitation author="Sagorny, C" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="3" pagination="273 - 294" refId="B40" refString="Sagorny, C, Wesener, T, 2017. Two new giant pill-millipede species of the genus Zoosphaerium endemic to the Bemanevika area in northern Madagascar (Diplopoda, Sphaerotheriida, Arthrosphaeridae). Zootaxa 4263 (2): 273 - 294" title="Two new giant pill-millipede species of the genus Zoosphaerium endemic to the Bemanevika area in northern Madagascar (Diplopoda, Sphaerotheriida, Arthrosphaeridae)." volume="4263" year="2017">Sagorny and Wesener 2017</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>