553 lines
44 KiB
XML
553 lines
44 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1100.78979" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1100-117" ID-Pensoft-UUID="D29651C9A22C599AB3DAC324D0032600" ID-ZooBank="7159C0092EE94F75BBFB54DC36840873" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1100-117" checkinTime="1652704264477" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Tropea, Gioele & Parmakelis, Aristeidis" docDate="2022" docId="3BE61A0CD2EC551D8780BB061C6E51D7" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1100: 117-164" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1100" docPubDate="2022-05-16" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1100.78979" docTitle="Euscorpius latinus Tropea & Parmakelis 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="14CD5A7C-378B-4C3E-8664-C9EA5CD0CB1D" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="D29651C9A22C599AB3DAC324D0032600" lastPageNumber="117" masterDocId="D29651C9A22C599AB3DAC324D0032600" masterDocTitle="Reconsideration of some populations of Euscorpius concinnus complex (Scorpiones, Euscorpiidae)" masterLastPageNumber="164" masterPageNumber="117" pageNumber="117" updateTime="1652704264477" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Reconsideration of some populations of Euscorpius concinnus complex (Scorpiones, Euscorpiidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tropea, Gioele</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Via Gavinana 2, 00192 Rome, Italy</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">gioele.tropea@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Parmakelis, Aristeidis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3092-4194</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Section of Ecology and Taxonomy, Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupoli Zografou, GR- 15772, Athens, Greece</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-05-16</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1100</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>117</mods:start>
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<mods:end>164</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1100.78979</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1100.78979</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1100-117</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">7159C0092EE94F75BBFB54DC36840873</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">D29651C9A22C599AB3DAC324D0032600</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:14CD5A7C-378B-4C3E-8664-C9EA5CD0CB1D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3BE61A0CD2EC551D8780BB061C6E51D7" lastPageNumber="117" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/14CD5A7C-378B-4C3E-8664-C9EA5CD0CB1D" authority="Tropea & Parmakelis, 2022" authorityName="Tropea & Parmakelis" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Euscorpiidae" genus="Euscorpius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euscorpius latinus" order="Scorpiones" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latinus" status="sp. nov.">Euscorpius latinus</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="117">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Dorsal and ventral views of Euscorpius latinus sp. nov. male holotype. Scale bar: 4.20 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1100.78979.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/684433" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Figs 6</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Dorsal and ventral view of Euscorpius latinus sp. nov. female paratype. Scale bar: 4.20 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1100.78979.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/684434" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">, 7</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Euscorpius latinus sp. nov. male holotype except C and N, that are of a female paratype A carapace B external view of chela of adult male C external view of chela of adult female D ventral view of pedipalp patella E dorsal view of pedipalp patella F external view of pedipalp patella G ventral view of chela H dorsal view of chela I ventral view of metasomal segment V J lateral view of metasomal segment V K telson of adult male L telson of adult female." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1100.78979.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/684435" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">, 8</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Pregnant Euscorpius latinus sp. nov. found under the bark of a trunk." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1100.78979.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/684436" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">, 9</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Euscorpius latinus sp. nov. photographed in its habitat with first instar litter on its back." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1100.78979.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/684437" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">, 10</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Example of the habitat of Euscorpius latinus sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1100.78979.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/684438" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">, 11</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Pregnant specimen of Euscorpius latinus sp. nov. found inside a pine cone." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1100.78979.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/684439" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">, 12</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Holotype</emphasis>
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: ♂, Italy, Latium, Lepini Mts, near Montelanico (RM), 470 m a.s.l., 41.631314°N, 13.026798°E, 20 June 2013, leg. G. Tropea (GTC).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1100.78979.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/684433" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Figure 6.</emphasis>
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Dorsal and ventral views of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Tropea & Parmakelis" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Euscorpiidae" genus="Euscorpius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euscorpius latinus" order="Scorpiones" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latinus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Euscorpius latinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. male holotype. Scale bar: 4.20 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Paratypes</emphasis>
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: Italy: Latium
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</emphasis>
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: Lepini Mts, near Montelanico (RM), 470 m a.s.l.,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="41.631314" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="41.631313">41.631314°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="13.026798" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="13.026798">13.026798°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 20 June 2013, leg. G. Tropea, 2 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀ (GTC paratypes); same data but 444 m a.s.l.,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="41.63219" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="41.63219">41.63219°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="13.02634" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="13.02634">13.02634°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 ♂, 5 ♀♀ (GTC paratypes); same data but 456-467 m,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="41.63118" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="41.63118">41.63118°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="13.02580" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="13.0258">13.02580°E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="41.63092" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="41.63092">41.63092°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="13.02530" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="13.0253">13.02530°E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="41.63156" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="41.63156">41.63156°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="13.02547" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="13.02547">13.02547°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 12 August 2020, leg G. Tropea, 4 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀ (GTC paratypes); Castel Fusano, Rome, 8 April 2012, leg. G. Tropea, 6 ♂♂, 7 ♀♀ (GTC paratypes); Castel Fusano, Rome, ~ 9 m a.s.l., around to
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<geoCoordinate degrees="41,73064" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="41.73064">41,73064°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="12,31516" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="12.31516">12,31516°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 22 June 2014, leg. G. Tropea, 3 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀ (GTC paratypes); Near Sabaudia (LT), 18 August 2009, leg. G. Tropea, 3 ♂♂ (GTC paratypes); same data but 5 May 2012, leg. G. Tropea, 3 ♀♀ (GTC paratypes); surroundings of Anticoli Corrado (RM), under stones,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="42.012665" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="42.012665">42.012665°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="12.970851" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="12.970851">12.970851°E</geoCoordinate>
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, May 2014, leg. A. Massimiani, 2 ♀♀ (GTC paratypes); Near Monterotondo (RM), 109 m a.s.l.,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="42.06871" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="42.06871">42.06871°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="12.64305" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="12.64305">12.64305°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 18 April 2014, leg. G. Tropea, 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀ (GTC paratypes); Simbruini Mts., near Trevi nel Lazio (FR), 1 August 1976, leg. R. Argano, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (GTC paratypes).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Molise</emphasis>
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: Near SP Carovillense, Villa San Michele (IS),
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<geoCoordinate degrees="41.74463" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="41.74463">41.74463°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="14.23146" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="14.23146">14.23146°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 14 July 2012, leg. G. Tropea, S. Tropea, 5 ♂♂, 1 ♀ (GTC paratypes).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1100.78979.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/684434" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Figure 7.</emphasis>
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Dorsal and ventral view of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Tropea & Parmakelis" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Euscorpiidae" genus="Euscorpius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euscorpius latinus" order="Scorpiones" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latinus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Euscorpius latinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. female paratype. Scale bar: 4.20 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="other examined specimens">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Other examined specimens</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">(not included in type series). Italy: Latium</emphasis>
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: Mt. Gennaro, Lucretili Mts., (RM), ~ 1000 m a.s.l., 24 August 2009, G. Tropea, 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (GTC).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1100.78979.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/684435" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Figure 8.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Tropea & Parmakelis" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Euscorpiidae" genus="Euscorpius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euscorpius latinus" order="Scorpiones" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latinus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Euscorpius latinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. male holotype except
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">C</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">N</emphasis>
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, that are of a female paratype
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">A</emphasis>
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carapace
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">B</emphasis>
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external view of chela of adult male
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">C</emphasis>
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external view of chela of adult female
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">D</emphasis>
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ventral view of pedipalp patella
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E</emphasis>
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dorsal view of pedipalp patella
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">F</emphasis>
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external view of pedipalp patella
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">G</emphasis>
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ventral view of chela
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">H</emphasis>
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dorsal view of chela
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">I</emphasis>
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ventral view of metasomal segment V
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">J</emphasis>
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lateral view of metasomal segment V
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">K</emphasis>
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telson of adult male
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">L</emphasis>
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telson of adult female.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">The specific epithet means Latin, due to its range which includes the first area in which the Latins and the Latin language spread, namely the Latium vetus.</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1100.78979.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/684436" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Figure 9.</emphasis>
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Pregnant
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Tropea & Parmakelis" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Euscorpiidae" genus="Euscorpius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euscorpius latinus" order="Scorpiones" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latinus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Euscorpius latinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. found under the bark of a trunk.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="known geographic range">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Known geographic range.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
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Italy: Latium (left of the Tiber River; Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Maps of the known geographic ranges of the species treated herein." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1100.78979.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/684459" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">32</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1100.78979.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/684437" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Figure 10.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Tropea & Parmakelis" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Euscorpiidae" genus="Euscorpius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euscorpius latinus" order="Scorpiones" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latinus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Euscorpius latinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. photographed in its habitat with first instar litter on its back.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
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A medium-small,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1876" class="Arachnida" family="Euscorpiidae" genus="Euscorpius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euscorpius" order="Scorpiones" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Euscorpius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species, total length 25-34 mm. Colour of adults mostly dark brown with darker marbling on most of the body, including chelicerae, but with rare blackish or medium brown specimens. The number of trichobothria on the pedipalp manus ventral surface is four (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">V</emphasis>
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1-3 +
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Et</emphasis>
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1). Trichobothria est and dsb on fixed finger are respectively located distally and proximally to the notch of the fixed finger. The number of trichobothria on the pedipalp patella ventral surface is usually eight and seven (seven in 39.68% of the pedipalps examined). The number of trichobothria on pedipalp patella external surface is usually: eb = 4, eba = 4, esb = 2, em = 4, est = 4, et = 6 (5-7). Trichobothrium i of the femur is slightly proximal to or at the same level of d. The pectinal teeth number in males usually is eight (7-9) and in females usually is seven (6-8). Dorsal spur well developed. Femur is slightly shorter than the patella. Carapace tends to be shorter than long. Carinae V1 follows an external direction to the trichobothria Et1, without forming a Y-shape. Spinules on legs ending with a Y-shape. Ventrolateral and ventromedian carina on metasomal segment V well formed by small, spaced and slightly serrulated granules.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1100.78979.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/684438" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" start="Figure 11" startId="F11">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Figure 11.</emphasis>
|
|
Example of the habitat of
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tropea & Parmakelis" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Euscorpiidae" genus="Euscorpius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euscorpius latinus" order="Scorpiones" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latinus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Euscorpius latinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="trichobothrial and pectinal teeth count variation">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Trichobothrial and pectinal teeth count variation.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">The variation observed in 63 examined specimens (29 ♂♂ and 34 ♀♀) is given below (left/right asymmetry not specified).</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
Pectinal teeth in males (
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">n</emphasis>
|
|
= 58): 7/7 (1), 7/8 (2); 8/8 (20), 8/9 (2), 9/9 (4); in total, 7 in 6.90% (4), 8 in 77.59% (45), and 9 in 17.24% (10); mean = 8.10, SD = 0.48.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
Pectinal teeth in females (
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">n</emphasis>
|
|
= 67): 5/6 (1), 6/6 (2), 6/7 (7),?/7 (1), 7/7 (15), 7/8 (6), 8/8 (2); in total, 6 in 17.91% (12), 7 in 65.67% (44), and 8 in 14.92% (10); mean = 6.94, SD = 0.62.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
Pedipalp patella trichobothria
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Pv</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">n</emphasis>
|
|
= 126): 7/7 (15), 7/8 (20), 8/8 (28); in total, 7 in 39.68% (50), and 8 in 60.32% (76); mean = 7.60, SD = 0.49.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
Pedipalp patella trichobothria
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Pe</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">n</emphasis>
|
|
= 81):
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">et</emphasis>
|
|
= 5/4 (1), 5/5 (3), 5/6 (5), 6/1 (1), 6/6 (29), 4/7 (1); in total, 4 in 2.46% (2), 5 in 17.28% (14), 6 in 79.01% (64), and 7 in 1.23% (1); mean = 5.79, SD = 0.49;
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">est = 4/3 (1), 4/4 (38), 4/5 (2); em = 3/4 (7), 4/4 (33), 4/5 (1); esb = 2/2 (41); eba = 4/4 (41); eb = 4/4 (39), 4/5 (2).</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Description of the male holotype.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Colouration</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
A general dark brown base colour with more or less marked lighter marbling or reticulation, reddish brown, in the less granulated areas, especially of the metasoma, legs, pedipalps and chelicerae; telson mostly dark brown with two ventrally longitudinal pale brown stripes and one for each side, with reddish brown distal part of the sting; pale brown chelicerae with dark brown reticulation; chelae with fingers ranging from pale yellowish brown to dark reddish brown with dark blackish brown reticulation; legs with most ivory tarsus, the basitarsus and tibia are mostly pale brown, but with dark blackish brown marbling externally, almost pale brown internally, the patella and femur are mostly dark with paler spot externally, and mostly pale brown with dark reticulation internally; pectines and genital operculum whitish ivory; sternites are mostly very pale brownish but the most distal is laterally dark blackish brown with the central part pale brown.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1100.78979.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/684439" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Figure 12.</emphasis>
|
|
Pregnant specimen of
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tropea & Parmakelis" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Euscorpiidae" genus="Euscorpius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euscorpius latinus" order="Scorpiones" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latinus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Euscorpius latinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. found inside a pine cone.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Carapace</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
Almost completely covered by dense fine granules, especially on the dark marbling. The granules in the lateral anterior part are larger; anterior edge is straight with some granules; deep posterior lateral furrows; two pairs of lateral eyes, and a pair of median eyes; length from centre of median eyes to anterior margin is 40.48% of carapace length.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Mesosoma</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
The tergites are densely covered with a fine granulation; sternites glossy and finely punctuated; small spiracles inclined to ~ 40° downward towards outside.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Metasoma</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
Dorsal carinae on segments I-IV with spaced granules; ventrolateral carinae on segment I absent, on segment II and III smooth or obsolete, on segments IV, little marked with some small and spaced granule, with small slightly serrulated granules on segment V; ventromedian carinae absent on segment I-III, little marked smooth or obsolete on segment IV, on segment V it consists of small, slightly serrulated granules, which expands like a fan in the most distal part; dorsal and lateral intercarinal surfaces on segments I-IV are mostly finely granulated, especially on dark marbling, while the ventral surfaces are mostly smooth, the V segment is mostly finely granulated.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Telson</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
Vesicle with a few small granules, with ventral setae of different size, especially near the vesicle/aculeus juncture.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Pectines</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
Teeth number 8/8; middle lamellae number 5-5; several microsetae on proximal area of teeth, marginal lamellae, and middle lamellae.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Genital operculum</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
The genital operculum is formed by two longitudinally devised subtriangular sclerites with genital papillae protruding.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Sternum</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
Pentagonal shape, type 2; slightly wider than long, with a deep posterior emargination.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Pedipalps</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
Coxa and trochanter with tuberculated carinae. Femur: dorsal internal and external and ventral internal carinae tuberculated; irregular ventral external carinae formed by tubercles just on 1/3 or 1/4 of femur length; external median carinae formed by lightly serrulated tubercles; anterior median carinae formed by some spaced conical tubercles; intercarinal spaces granulated. Patella: dorsal and ventral internal carinae tuberculated; ventral external carinae crenulated; dorsal external carinae slightly crenulated to rough; intercarinal surfaces finely granulated, especially on the dark reticulations near the internal carinae. Dorsal patellar spur well developed. Chela: chelal carina D1 is distinct, strong, dark and smooth with a few tubercles; D4 is rounded with a few spaced granules; V1 is distinct, strong, dark, from rough to smooth, following an external direction to the trichobothria Et1; V3 is rounded with scattered granules; external carina granulated; intercarinal tegument granulated; the fixed and movable fingers with medium notch and lobe, respectively.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Finger dentition</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
In the most distal part is present a DD on the tip; MD is formed by very small denticles closely spaced forming an approximately straight line, discontinued at level of the OD; fixed finger has 5/5 OD and 11/10 ID; movable finger has 7/7 OD and 13/15 ID.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Trichobothria</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
Chela: trichobothria on the pedipalp manus ventral surface V = 2*/3 (V1-3) (*the trichobothrium V3 of the left chela is vestigial) +
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Et</emphasis>
|
|
1 = 1/1; trichobothrium V4 situated on the external surface of the chela, near the carina V1; trichobothrium ratio of et-est/est-dsb is ~ 0.95 and 0.87. Trichobothrium est is distal to the centre of the notch of the fixed finger and dsb is proximal. Patella: Pv = 8/7; et = 6/6, est = 4/4, em = 4/4, esb = 2/2, eba = 4/4, eb = 4/4. Femur: trichobothrium d is slightly proximal to i, while trichobothrium e is well distal to both d and i, and situated on dorsal surface on dorsal external carina.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Legs</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
Two pedal spurs present; no tarsal spur; ventral row of tarsus with a total of 12/10 spinules on leg III, of increasing size from proximal to distal, ending with two spinules to form a Y-shape; three main flanking tarsal setae present. Tubercles present on ventral and dorsal surface of all leg femora.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Chelicerae</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
Typical of the genus
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1876" class="Arachnida" family="Euscorpiidae" genus="Euscorpius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euscorpius" order="Scorpiones" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Euscorpius</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Description of the hemispermatophore.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Type A. It has a well-developed lamina tapered distally; well-developed basal constriction present; truncal flexure present; median projection with lde, ldi, and lb; internal projection distally with 9-11 tines in its crown. The number and the shape of tines of the crown varied between specimens and between the right and the left hemispermatophores.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="117" type="comments">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Comments.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tropea & Parmakelis" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Euscorpiidae" genus="Euscorpius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euscorpius latinus" order="Scorpiones" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latinus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Euscorpius latinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. is the southernmost species of the
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. concinnus" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="concinnus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. concinnus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
group. The geographically closest species of the
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. concinnus" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="concinnus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. concinnus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
group is
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. trejaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="trejaensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. trejaensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov., which seems to be divided from
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tropea & Parmakelis" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Euscorpiidae" genus="Euscorpius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euscorpius latinus" order="Scorpiones" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latinus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Euscorpius latinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. by the Tiber River. However, in terms of both phylogeny and of DNA sequence divergences, these two species do not seem to be more closely related compared to the others. In fact, according to the concatenated phylogenetic tree 16S rDNA + COI presented herein (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. Phylogenetic tree based on the concatenated 16 S rDNA and COX 1 mtDNA loci. Posterior probabilities of nodes are shown (as percentages) on the branches. Different colours are used to indicate the newly described species. Scale bar corresponds to substitutions per site." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1100.78979.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/684458" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">31</figureCitation>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. latinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="latinus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. latinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. is placed between
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. concinnus" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="concinnus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. concinnus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, which is more basal to it, and the other species, which are apical to it. Regarding the sequence divergence in 16S marker, between
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. latinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="latinus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. latinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. and
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. trejaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="trejaensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. trejaensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov., it ranges from 2.7% to 3.1%, as with
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. niciensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="niciensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. niciensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
stat. nov., from 3% to 2.7% with
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. concinnus" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="concinnus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. concinnus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and from 3.8% to 4.2% with
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. stefaniae" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="stefaniae">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. stefaniae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. Morphologically, like the other species of the
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. concinnus" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="concinnus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. concinnus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
group and the many cryptic species complex that have been described in recent years,
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. latinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="latinus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. latinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. is difficult to identify without reference to the locality of origin or with a limited number of specimens. As for the trichobothrial and pectines teeth values,
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. latinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="latinus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. latinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov., together with
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. trejaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="trejaensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. trejaensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov., has the lowest average of Pv, which is 7.60 and 7.62, respectively, having the highest percentage of Pv = 7, i.e., 39.68%, vs. percentages ranging from 2.78% to 13.33% in
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. concinnus" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="concinnus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. concinnus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. niciensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="niciensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. niciensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
stat. nov. and
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. stefaniae" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="stefaniae">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. stefaniae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. and a very similar percentage in
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. trejaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="trejaensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. trejaensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov., 34.07. While the percentage of Pv = 8 is very similar to both
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. concinnus" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="concinnus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. concinnus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. trejaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="trejaensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. trejaensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. (from 60.32%-65.25%), it is very different from that of
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. niciensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="niciensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. niciensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
stat. nov. and
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. stefaniae" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="stefaniae">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. stefaniae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. (25% and 81.67, respectively). Dp in males is also quite similar to
|
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<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. concinnus" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="concinnus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. concinnus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
and
|
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<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. trejaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="trejaensis">
|
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. trejaensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
sp. nov. and very different from
|
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<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. niciensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="niciensis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. niciensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
stat. nov. and
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. stefaniae" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="stefaniae">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. stefaniae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. As for Pe-et,
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. latinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="latinus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. latinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. has the largest percentage of et = 5, i.e., 17.28%, vs. percentages ranging from 5.93% to 10.69%.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tropea & Parmakelis" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Euscorpiidae" genus="Euscorpius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euscorpius latinus" order="Scorpiones" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latinus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Euscorpius latinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. is the southernmost species of the
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. concinnus" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="concinnus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. concinnus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
group and its known distribution includes central southern Lazio, on the left bank of the Tiber River, and north-western Molise. Regarding the latter location, this is the first time that a member of the
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. concinnus" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="concinnus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. concinnus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
group is reported from this region. This could be due to an accidental introduction, but we cannot dismiss the possibility of this area belonging to the natural distributional range of the species. The Apennines in this area are less elevated and more fragmented, and this may have facilitated the colonisation of that region. It remains to be seen if this species continues its distribution to the left of the Tiber River until it reaches Umbria, or if the latter region is inhabited by another species of the
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
E
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="C. L. Koch" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Arachnida" family="Euscorpiidae" genus="Euscorpius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euscorpius concinnus" order="Scorpiones" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concinnus">Euscorpius concinnus</taxonomicName>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
group, as well as whether the species is also present in Campania.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="117">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tropea & Parmakelis" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Euscorpiidae" genus="Euscorpius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euscorpius latinus" order="Scorpiones" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latinus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Euscorpius latinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. was found from almost the sea level (e.g., in Castel Fusano, near Ostia (RM)), up to ~ 900 m a.s.l. on the Lucretili Mountains. It was always found in woodlands, mostly mesophilic, but also hygrophilous. It is evident that the species prefers very humid habitats and microhabitats. In these environments,
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. latinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="latinus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. latinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. behaves as a lapidicolous and corticolous species, since it mainly occurs under stones, but also under branches, trunks, and bark, often rotting, as well as inside pine cones.
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tropea & Parmakelis" authorityYear="2022" class="Arachnida" family="Euscorpiidae" genus="Euscorpius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euscorpius latinus" order="Scorpiones" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latinus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Euscorpius latinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. has not been found in sympatry with other species of scorpions, but it cannot be excluded that rare encounters may occur with
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. flavicaudis" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="flavicaudis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">T. flavicaudis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
or
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Herbst" baseAuthorityYear="1800" class="Arachnida" family="Euscorpiidae" genus="Euscorpius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euscorpius italicus" order="Scorpiones" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="italicus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">Euscorpius italicus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Herbst, 1800) which prefer more rural and less humid habitats than completely natural and very humid ones as
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. latinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="117" rank="species" species="latinus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="117">E. latinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |