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<document id="E4CF896BECF2B417DA6CBB457EB88CAE" ID-CLB-Dataset="22516" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4685.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="77e441b5-2bdc-4c26-b6fc-b007d8d9ca25" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3772829" ID-ZooBank="5A946337-6921-45CB-B6F8-F64BC48F2D5A" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1588058821214" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lobato-Vila, Irene &amp; Pujade-Villar, Juli" docDate="2019" docId="03E287CBB211FFA0F3D081BBFDD2FE0E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4685.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4685 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Andricus confusus Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar 2019, nom. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="60" masterDocId="FFDBFFB3B22BFF9BF347856CFF91FFDD" masterDocTitle="Revision of world Ceroptresini (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) with the description of a new genus and five new species" masterLastPageNumber="67" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="59" updateTime="1698837771968" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="D7688D1D4D7FC8FB74AE657E3594DE18" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="D30F7589F8516600FE2B8B012789655A">
<mods:title id="44877EEA951EFE222948A0666C617936">Revision of world Ceroptresini (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) with the description of a new genus and five new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="6790428240BA449C90B7255526FF3F73" type="personal">
<mods:role id="A6F5C0892801789592B53290425ED062">
<mods:roleTerm id="E3257D14BAF4CB64378BC0C78D82485F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5024D8B68568D3B9C7D44C2C706D798A">Lobato-Vila, Irene</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="1CEB55F63DEC61EA0C3A4502EB5B3637" type="personal">
<mods:role id="7FA3CCEF46E27417EDA6D18CB0D6FAE0">
<mods:roleTerm id="133DA6A0B0E17B075223C218F2671494">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="AC5919CAC8D59AD69FE83C13E6F03F20">Pujade-Villar, Juli</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="EC820B675F8714E5453E8D5628FA1C84">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="7EB9A286593616DE80439C1D6BD02DC7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="E5608A3CFF726AD12E1E78FDF6399620">
<mods:date id="A0F1A4A75FB356739D4F483B25774360">2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="42D473A72AE97CD95EF5A289DEDBA482" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="4D4E51F2E7FC32B93FFC57ACD0D2653B">2019-10-11</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="5F57E8F18865F1F2503FFCB8492DA3C3" type="volume">
<mods:number id="FEEB78134B6C9BF567608C81523B0EBA">4685</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="6D8C1A32163086FC72783E0635798322" type="issue">
<mods:number id="0BB275D641E12C324335B8B6D1E400AB">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="BD2C2BCACF8F185BE4DA87F2B6643F37">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="DCCB9E57AADC8CC4A9ED177B7966EA72" type="CLB-Dataset">22516</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3270230D9FB2281A5B37F8DC94D5674F" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4685.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="AEF0A364C1909A9E024EBCB3895CAFE7" type="GBIF-Dataset">77e441b5-2bdc-4c26-b6fc-b007d8d9ca25</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2BC6B346B35240E9455A2E0E5F701577" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0DF2455F852241B8B244CE6CB24EFE9D" type="Zenodo-Dep">3772829</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E287CBB211FFA0F3D081BBFDD2FE0E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3797527" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163830191" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3797527" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E287CBB211FFA0F3D081BBFDD2FE0E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287CBB211FFA0F3D081BBFDD2FE0E" lastPageId="59" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
<subSubSection id="C3516556B211FFA1F3D081BBFBB7FB2F" box="[151,1062,1239,1266]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB211FFA1F3D081BBFBB7FB2F" blockId="58.[151,1062,1239,1266]" box="[151,1062,1239,1266]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
<heading id="D0BC81B1B211FFA1F3D081BBFBB7FB2F" bold="true" box="[151,1062,1239,1266]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F3D081BBFBB7FB2F" bold="true" box="[151,1062,1239,1266]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB211FFA1F3D081BBFD78FB2C" authority="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityName="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,745,1239,1266]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confusus" status="nom. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F3D081BBFEEBFB2C" bold="true" box="[151,378,1239,1266]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Andricus confusus</emphasis>
Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57B4B211FFA1F1B781B4FCFBFB2F" box="[752,874,1240,1266]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">nom. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and nom. dub.
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3516556B211FFA1F3D08070FCFCFA8F" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB211FFA1F3D08070FBB5FAE9" blockId="58.[151,1060,1307,1363]" box="[151,1060,1307,1332]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB211FFA1F3D08070FE4AFAE9" authority="Fullaway, 1911" authorityName="Fullaway" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,475,1307,1332]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niger">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F3D08070FEA7FAEE" box="[151,310,1308,1331]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Ceroptres niger</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB211FFA1F27A8077FE4AFAE9" author="Fullaway, D. T." box="[317,475,1307,1332]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="331 - 380" refId="ref55924" refString="Fullaway, D. T. (1911) Monograph of the gall-making Cynipidae (Cynipinae) of California. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 4 (4), 331 - 380. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 4.4.331" type="journal article" year="1911">Fullaway, 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F2A38070FD35FAEE" box="[484,676,1308,1332]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Ann. Ent. Soc. Am.</emphasis>
4: 373
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F1A88070FCDCFAE9" bold="true" box="[751,845,1308,1332]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">syn. nov.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54F0887FB211FFA1F0148070FC14FAE9" box="[851,901,1308,1332]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Type</typeStatus>
material: CAS.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB211FFA1F3D08056FCFCFA8F" blockId="58.[151,1060,1307,1363]" box="[151,877,1338,1363]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB211FFA1F3D08056FE35FA8E" authority="(Fullaway)" authorityName="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[151,420,1338,1363]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niger" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F3D08056FEBFFA8F" box="[151,302,1338,1362]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Andricus niger</emphasis>
(Fullaway)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F2ED8057FD8FFA8E" bold="true" box="[426,542,1339,1363]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57B4B211FFA1F2ED8057FD8FFA8E" box="[426,542,1339,1363]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
[Preoccupied by Tavares, 1902].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3516556B211FFA1F3D080EDFACBF9D5" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB211FFA1F3D080EDFACBF9D5" blockId="58.[151,1437,1408,2012]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F3D080EDFE43FA46" bold="true" box="[151,466,1408,1435]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Type material (examined).</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54F0887FB211FFA1F29E80EDFDE8FA46" box="[473,633,1409,1435]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
(
<specimenCount id="9D4DFD54B211FFA1F1CC80EDFD0CFA46" box="[651,669,1409,1435]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
) with the following labels: ‘L.S.Jr.U. Lot 497, Sub 16’ (white label) / ‘
<specimenCount id="9D4DFD54B211FFA1F3E980C9FF54FA62" box="[174,197,1445,1471]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘Type’ (red label) / ‘
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB211FFA1F1AC80C9FC4DFA62" authority="Full." authorityName="Fullaway" authorityYear="1911" box="[747,988,1445,1471]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niger">Ceroptres niger Full.</taxonomicName>
’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘
<collectingRegion id="498FF83FB211FFA1F66280C9FA0DFA62" box="[1317,1436,1445,1471]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">California</collectingRegion>
Academy of Sciences, Type No. 5831’ (white label) / ‘
<typeStatus id="54F0887FB211FFA1F04380A5FCE8FA3E" box="[772,889,1481,1507]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D4DFD54B211FFA1F0C580A5FC06FA3E" box="[898,919,1481,1507]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB211FFA1F0E780A5FA9BFA3E" authority="Fullaway, 1911" authorityName="Fullaway" authorityYear="1911" box="[928,1290,1481,1507]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niger">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F0E780A5FBC3FA3E" box="[928,1106,1481,1507]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Ceroptres niger</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB211FFA1F71C80A5FA9BFA3E" author="Fullaway, D. T." box="[1115,1290,1481,1507]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="331 - 380" refId="ref55924" refString="Fullaway, D. T. (1911) Monograph of the gall-making Cynipidae (Cynipinae) of California. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 4 (4), 331 - 380. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 4.4.331" type="journal article" year="1911">Fullaway, 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, IL-V desig- 2019’ (red label) / ‘
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB211FFA1F2378081FC16F9DA" authority="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityName="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2019" box="[368,903,1517,1543]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confusus" status="nom. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F2378081FDAFF9DA" box="[368,574,1517,1543]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Andricus confusus</emphasis>
Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57B4B211FFA1F0D58081FB95F9DA" box="[914,1028,1517,1543]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">nom. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, IL-V det. 2019’ (white label).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3516556B211FFA1F380837CFC45F9F6" box="[199,980,1552,1579]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB211FFA1F380837CFC45F9F6" blockId="58.[151,1437,1408,2012]" box="[199,980,1552,1579]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F380837CFEF0F9F6" bold="true" box="[199,353,1552,1579]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F35C764DB211FFA1F220837DFE32F9F6" box="[359,419,1553,1579]" name="United States of America" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">USA</collectingCountry>
. State of
<collectingRegion id="498FF83FB211FFA1F14C837DFDECF9F6" box="[523,637,1553,1579]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">California</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB211FFA1F1CC837DFCA7F9F6" author="Fullaway, D. T." box="[651,822,1553,1579]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="331 - 380" refId="ref55924" refString="Fullaway, D. T. (1911) Monograph of the gall-making Cynipidae (Cynipinae) of California. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 4 (4), 331 - 380. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 4.4.331" type="journal article" year="1911">Fullaway 1911</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB211FFA1F005837DFC56F9F6" author="Burks, B. D." box="[834,967,1553,1579]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="1045 - 1107" refId="ref55625" refString="Burks, B. D. (1979) Superfamily Cynipoidea. In: Krombein, K. V., Hurd, P. D., Smith, D. R. &amp; Burks, B. D. (Eds.), Catalog of Hymenoptera in America north of Mexico. Vol. 1. Symphyta and Apocrita (Parasitica). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., pp. 1045 - 1107." type="book chapter" year="1979">Burks 1979</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3516556B211FFA1F3808358FDC8F9AE" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB211FFA1F3808358FDC8F9AE" blockId="58.[151,1437,1408,2012]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F3808358FEB6F992" bold="true" box="[199,295,1588,1615]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Biology.</emphasis>
Presumably reared from galls of
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB211FFA1F1E48359FB52F992" authority="(Beutenmuller, 1909)" baseAuthorityName="Beutenmuller" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[675,1219,1589,1615]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Disholcaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eldoradensis">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F1E48359FC5BF992" box="[675,970,1589,1615]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Disholcaspis eldoradensis</emphasis>
(Beutenmüller, 1909)
</taxonomicName>
on
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB211FFA1F7A88359FF55F9AE" authority="Nee" authorityName="Nee" authorityYear="1801" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lobata">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F7A88359FA0CF992" box="[1263,1437,1589,1615]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Quercus lobata</emphasis>
Née
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB211FFA1F3928335FE1BF9A9" box="[213,394,1625,1652]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="58" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="section">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F3928335FEA2F9AE" box="[213,307,1625,1651]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Quercus</emphasis>
section
</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB211FFA1F2E68335FDDCF9AE" author="Fullaway, D. T." box="[417,589,1625,1651]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="331 - 380" refId="ref55924" refString="Fullaway, D. T. (1911) Monograph of the gall-making Cynipidae (Cynipinae) of California. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 4 (4), 331 - 380. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 4.4.331" type="journal article" year="1911">Fullaway 1911</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3516556B211FFA0F3808311FDD2FE0E" lastPageId="59" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB211FFA0F3808311FF71FF26" blockId="58.[151,1437,1408,2012]" lastBlockId="59.[151,1437,153,467]" lastPageId="59" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F3808311FEAAF94A" bold="true" box="[199,315,1661,1687]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Remarks.</emphasis>
According to
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB211FFA1F29B8311FDE2F94A" author="Burks, B. D." box="[476,627,1661,1687]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="1045 - 1107" refId="ref55625" refString="Burks, B. D. (1979) Superfamily Cynipoidea. In: Krombein, K. V., Hurd, P. D., Smith, D. R. &amp; Burks, B. D. (Eds.), Catalog of Hymenoptera in America north of Mexico. Vol. 1. Symphyta and Apocrita (Parasitica). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., pp. 1045 - 1107." type="book chapter" year="1979">Burks (1979)</bibRefCitation>
, the
<typeStatus id="54F0887FB211FFA1F1EE8311FD48F94A" box="[681,729,1661,1687]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">type</typeStatus>
deposited in CAS is not a
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB211FFA1F7408311FBE4F94A" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[1031,1141,1661,1687]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F7408311FBE4F94A" box="[1031,1141,1661,1687]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Ceroptres</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but an undetermined gall maker; after examining the
<typeStatus id="54F0887FB211FFA1F29483CDFD92F966" box="[467,515,1697,1723]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">type</typeStatus>
material of
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB211FFA1F1D783CDFD7CF966" authorityName="Fullaway" authorityYear="1911" box="[656,749,1697,1723]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niger">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F1D783CDFD7CF966" box="[656,749,1697,1723]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">C. niger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, we conclude it belongs to
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB211FFA1F76D83CDFB1EF966" baseAuthorityName="Kinsey" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[1066,1167,1697,1723]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F76D83CDFB1EF966" box="[1066,1167,1697,1723]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Andricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Different species have been described under the name of
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB211FFA1F16C83A9FD44F902" authorityName="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[555,725,1733,1759]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niger">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F16C83A9FD44F902" box="[555,725,1733,1759]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Andricus niger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, even though
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB211FFA1F03983A9FB19F902" authority="Tavares, 1902" authorityName="Tavares" authorityYear="1902" box="[894,1160,1733,1759]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niger">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F03983A9FC4AF902" box="[894,987,1733,1759]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">A. niger</emphasis>
Tavares, 1902
</taxonomicName>
, now a synonym of the sexual generation of
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB211FFA1F2C38385FB95F8DE" authority="(Hartig, 1856) (Pujade-Villar et al. 2003 a)" authorityName="Pujade-Villar et al." authorityYear="2003" baseAuthorityName="Hartig" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[388,1028,1768,1795]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispanicus">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F2C38385FD8DF8DE" box="[388,540,1769,1795]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">A. hispanicus</emphasis>
(Hartig, 1856) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB211FFA1F1938385FC6DF8DE" author="Pujade-Villar, J. &amp; Bellido, D. &amp; Folliot, R." box="[724,1020,1769,1795]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="83 - 95" refId="ref57423" refString="Pujade-Villar, J., Bellido, D. &amp; Folliot, R. (2003 a) The life cycle of Andricus hispanicus (Hartig, 1856) n. stat., a sibling species of A. kollari (Hartig, 1843) (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). Butlleti de la Institucio Catalana d'Historia Natural, 71, 83 - 95." type="journal article" year="2003">
Pujade-Villar
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F0348386FC3DF8DE" box="[883,940,1769,1795]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">et al.</emphasis>
2003a
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, is the valid species.
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB211FFA1F7B38385FEC4F8FA" authority="(Fourcroy, 1785)" baseAuthorityName="Fourcroy" baseAuthorityYear="1785" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niger">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F7B38385FA0DF8DE" box="[1268,1436,1769,1795]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Andricus niger</emphasis>
(Fourcroy, 1785)
</taxonomicName>
is placed under the category of incertae sedis since the original description is very poor, even too inadequate to establish whether it belongs to
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB211FFA1F1D3825DFC4AF896" authority="(Kinsey 1930: 451)" baseAuthorityName="Kinsey" baseAuthorityPageNumber="451" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[660,987,1840,1867]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F1D3825DFD68F896" box="[660,761,1841,1867]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Andricus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB211FFA1F04F825DFC42F896" author="Kinsey, A. C." box="[776,979,1840,1867]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 577" refId="ref56078" refString="Kinsey, A. C. (1930) The gall wasp genus Cynips: a study in the origin of species. Indiana University studies, 16 (84 - 86), 1 - 577." type="journal article" year="1930">Kinsey 1930: 451</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and its
<typeStatus id="54F0887FB211FFA1F773825DFBF5F896" box="[1076,1124,1841,1867]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">type</typeStatus>
material is presumably lost (Claire Villemant pers. comm.).
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB211FFA1F1428239FCDAF8B2" authority="Kieffer, 1901" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1901" box="[517,843,1877,1903]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niger">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F1428239FD3CF8B2" box="[517,685,1877,1903]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Andricus niger</emphasis>
Kieffer, 1901
</taxonomicName>
is not an available name as it derives from a
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB211FFA1F6098239FF5CF84E" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" rank="variety" variety="form">variety form</taxonomicName>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB211FFA1F3B28215FDBBF84E" authority="Kieffer, 1901" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1901" box="[245,554,1913,1939]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteicornis">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F3B28215FE1CF84E" box="[245,397,1913,1939]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">A. luteicornis</emphasis>
Kieffer, 1901
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB211FFA1F17E8215FCC7F84E" author="Pujade-Villar, J. &amp; Villemant, C. &amp; Andrei-Ruiz, M. - C." box="[569,854,1913,1939]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="835 - 846" refId="ref57732" refString="Pujade-Villar, J., Villemant, C. &amp; Andrei-Ruiz, M. - C. (2000) Cynipidae associated with Quercus in Corsica with the description of a new Plagiotrochus species (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea). Zoosystema, 22 (4), 835 - 846." type="journal article" year="2000">
Pujade-Villar
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F19E8216FC83F84E" box="[729,786,1913,1939]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">et al.</emphasis>
2000
</bibRefCitation>
). Lastly, and according to
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB211FFA1F7C68215FA89F84E" author="Burks, B. D." box="[1153,1304,1913,1939]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="1045 - 1107" refId="ref55625" refString="Burks, B. D. (1979) Superfamily Cynipoidea. In: Krombein, K. V., Hurd, P. D., Smith, D. R. &amp; Burks, B. D. (Eds.), Catalog of Hymenoptera in America north of Mexico. Vol. 1. Symphyta and Apocrita (Parasitica). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., pp. 1045 - 1107." type="book chapter" year="1979">Burks (1979)</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB211FFA1F6628215FE18F86A" authority="Fullaway, 1911" authorityName="Fullaway" authorityYear="1911" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Callirhytis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F6628215FF45F86A" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Callirhytis nigra</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB211FFA1F39B82F1FE18F86A" author="Fullaway, D. T." box="[220,393,1949,1975]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="331 - 380" refId="ref55924" refString="Fullaway, D. T. (1911) Monograph of the gall-making Cynipidae (Cynipinae) of California. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 4 (4), 331 - 380. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 4.4.331" type="journal article" year="1911">Fullaway, 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
was transferred to
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB211FFA1F12382F1FD58F86A" baseAuthorityName="Kinsey" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[612,713,1949,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F12382F1FD58F86A" box="[612,713,1949,1975]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Andricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB211FFA1F1B282F1FC14F86A" author="Weld, L. H." box="[757,901,1949,1975]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref58994" refString="Weld, L. H. (1944) New American cynipids from galls. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 95 (3178), 1 - 24. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.95 - 3178.1" type="journal article" year="1944">Weld (1944)</bibRefCitation>
, who changed its name to
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB211FFA1F7F282F1FAAAF86A" box="[1205,1339,1949,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigridins">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F7F282F1FAAAF86A" box="[1205,1339,1949,1975]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">A. nigridins</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
since
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB211FFA1F6C382F1FF43F806" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1901" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niger">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F6C382F1FF43F806" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">A. niger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was preoccupied by Tavares, 1902. Previously,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB211FFA1F1AE82ADFCE4F801" author="Weld, L. H." box="[745,885,1985,2012]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 131" refId="ref58942" refString="Weld, L. H. (1926) Field notes on gall-inhabiting cynipid wasps with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 68 (10), 1 - 131. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.68 - 2611.1" type="journal article" year="1926">Weld (1926)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB211FFA1F0AA82ADFB20F806" box="[1005,1201,1985,2011]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Diplolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="operta">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB211FFA1F0AA82ADFB20F806" box="[1005,1201,1985,2011]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Diplolepis operta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which subsequently became a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB210FFA0F2D485F5FDDEFF6E" authorityName="Fullaway" authorityYear="1911" box="[403,591,153,179]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Callirhytis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB210FFA0F2D485F5FDDEFF6E" box="[403,591,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Callirhytis nigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; thus, since
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB210FFA0F19D85F5FC0EFF6E" box="[730,927,153,179]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Diplolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="operta">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB210FFA0F19D85F5FC0EFF6E" box="[730,927,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Diplolepis operta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described before Weld transferred
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB210FFA0F61C85F5FE8BFF0A" authorityName="Fullaway" authorityYear="1911" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Callirhytis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB210FFA0F61C85F5FE8BFF0A" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Callirhytis nigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB210FFA0F27B85D1FE30FF0A" baseAuthorityName="Kinsey" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[316,417,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB210FFA0F27B85D1FE30FF0A" box="[316,417,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Andricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the valid name for
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB210FFA0F13885D1FCA8FF0A" authorityName="Fullaway" authorityYear="1911" box="[639,825,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Callirhytis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB210FFA0F13885D1FCA8FF0A" box="[639,825,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Callirhytis nigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB210FFA0F0C585D1FBC2FF0A" box="[898,1107,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigridins">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB210FFA0F0C585D1FBC2FF0A" box="[898,1107,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Andricus nigridins</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB210FFA0F7CD85D1FF4DFF26" authority="(Burks 1979)" baseAuthorityName="Burks" baseAuthorityYear="1979" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opertus">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB210FFA0F7CD85D1FADBFF0A" box="[1162,1354,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Andricus opertus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB210FFA0F61F85D1FF42FF26" author="Burks, B. D." pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="1045 - 1107" refId="ref55625" refString="Burks, B. D. (1979) Superfamily Cynipoidea. In: Krombein, K. V., Hurd, P. D., Smith, D. R. &amp; Burks, B. D. (Eds.), Catalog of Hymenoptera in America north of Mexico. Vol. 1. Symphyta and Apocrita (Parasitica). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., pp. 1045 - 1107." type="book chapter" year="1979">Burks 1979</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB210FFA0F3808469FDD2FE0E" blockId="59.[151,1437,153,467]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
According to the original description,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB210FFA0F13A8469FCBEFEC2" authorityName="Fullaway" authorityYear="1911" box="[637,815,261,287]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niger">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB210FFA0F13A8469FCBEFEC2" box="[637,815,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Ceroptres niger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was obtained from galls of
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB210FFA0F7348469FE1FFE9E" authority="(Fullaway 1911: 373)" baseAuthorityName="Fullaway" baseAuthorityPageNumber="373" baseAuthorityYear="1911" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Disholcaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eldoradensis">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB210FFA0F7348469FA0DFEC2" box="[1139,1436,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Disholcaspis eldoradensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB210FFA0F3D88445FE14FE9E" author="Fullaway, D. T." box="[159,389,297,323]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="331 - 380" refId="ref55924" refString="Fullaway, D. T. (1911) Monograph of the gall-making Cynipidae (Cynipinae) of California. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 4 (4), 331 - 380. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 4.4.331" type="journal article" year="1911">Fullaway 1911: 373</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, but since
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB210FFA0F14E8445FDF7FE9E" authorityName="Fullaway" authorityYear="1911" box="[521,614,297,323]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niger">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB210FFA0F14E8445FDF7FE9E" box="[521,614,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">C. niger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is actually an
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB210FFA0F0498445FCE2FE9E" baseAuthorityName="Kinsey" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[782,883,297,323]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB210FFA0F0498445FCE2FE9E" box="[782,883,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Andricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, this statement is untenable. In addition, its
<typeStatus id="54F0887FB210FFA0F62B8445FA0DFE9E" box="[1388,1436,297,323]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">type</typeStatus>
material is in poor condition (it lacks wings and antennae, and it is generally very deteriorated), which makes it impossible to assign it to any known species of
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB210FFA0F1E8841DFC85FE56" baseAuthorityName="Kinsey" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[687,788,369,395]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB210FFA0F1E8841DFC85FE56" box="[687,788,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Andricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. For all of these reasons, we rename
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB210FFA0F7F1841DFF4BFE72" authority="Fullaway" authorityName="Fullaway" authorityYear="1911" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niger">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB210FFA0F7F1841DFAF7FE56" box="[1206,1382,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Ceroptres niger</emphasis>
Fullaway
</taxonomicName>
as
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB210FFA0F24684F9FC8BFE72" authority="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityName="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2019" box="[257,794,405,431]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confusus" status="nom. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB210FFA0F24684F9FE41FE72" box="[257,464,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Andricus confusus</emphasis>
Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57B4B210FFA0F06584F9FC02FE72" box="[802,915,405,431]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">nom. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and place it as nomen dubium until the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB210FFA0F3D084D5FF6DFE0E" baseAuthorityName="Kinsey" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[151,252,441,467]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB210FFA0F3D084D5FF6DFE0E" box="[151,252,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Andricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is revised in the New World.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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