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<mods:title id="792B73B1771EC26E854EFE30D3FE386C">Lysippe nikiti sp. nov. (Polychaeta, Terebellomorpha) from the deep Pacific and Indian Oceans with an amendment to the generic diagnosis of Lysippe</mods:title>
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<heading id="D0F6EA7AFF9080743B92FD7CD357FCCE" bold="true" box="[151,581,764,791]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B9758104FF9080743B92FD7CD357FCCE" bold="true" box="[151,581,764,791]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
<taxonomicName id="4C012695FF9080743B92FD7CD0DAFCCE" ID-CoL="84PVS" authority="Malmgren, 1866" authorityName="Malmgren" authorityYear="1866" box="[151,456,764,791]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ampharetidae" genus="Lysippe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9758104FF9080743B92FD7CD1E1FCCF" bold="true" box="[151,243,764,790]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Lysippe</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9020E7FF9080743BFFFD7DD0DAFCCE" author="Malmgren" box="[250,456,765,791]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" refString="Malmgren, A. J. (1866) Nordiska Hafs-Annulater. Ofversigt af Koniglich Vetenskapsakademiens Forhandlingar, Stockholm, 22 (3), 355 - 410." type="journal article" year="1866">Malmgren, 1866</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, emended
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<paragraph id="8BBE5D16FF9080743B92FCC5D36AFCA0" blockId="1.[151,1305,836,889]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
=
<taxonomicName id="4C012695FF9080743BAEFCC4D0B1FC83" authority="Hessle, 1917" authorityName="Hessle" authorityYear="1917" box="[171,419,836,858]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ampharetidae" genus="Lysippides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9758104FF9080743BAEFCC4D005FC83" box="[171,279,836,858]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Lysippides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9020E7FF9080743A18FCC4D0B1FC83" author="Hessle" box="[285,419,836,858]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" refString="Hessle, C. (1917) Zur Kenntnis der terebellomorphen Polychaeten. Zoologiska bidrag fran Uppsala, 5, 39 - 258, 5 plates." type="book chapter" year="1917">Hessle, 1917</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C012695FF9080743AA8FCC4D3DEFC83" ID-CoL="f39f15d1-dac0-429e-9480-bc302ede0f1d" authority="Williams, 1987" authorityName="Williams" authorityYear="1987" box="[429,716,836,858]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ampharetidae" genus="Paralysippe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9758104FF9080743AA8FCC4D335FC83" box="[429,551,836,858]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Paralysippe</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9020E7FF908074392BFCC4D3DEFC83" author="Williams" box="[558,716,836,858]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" refString="Williams, S. J. (1987) Taxonomic notes on some Ampharetidae (Polychaeta) from Southern California. Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington, 7, 251 - 258." type="journal article" year="1987">Williams, 1987</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C012695FF90807439D3FCC4D51BFC83" ID-CoL="64b28e31-a6b8-43f3-8fea-77d2ddb3a62f" authority="Hilbig, 2000" authorityName="Hilbig" authorityYear="2000" box="[726,1033,836,858]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ampharetidae" genus="Pseudampharete" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9758104FF90807439D3FCC4D26DFC83" box="[726,895,836,858]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Pseudampharete</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9020E7FF9080743883FCC4D51BFC83" author="Hilbig" box="[902,1033,836,858]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" refString="Hilbig, B. (2000) Family Ampharetidae Malmgren, 1867. In: Blake, J. A., Hilbig, B. &amp; Scott, P. V. Taxonomic Atlas of the Benthic Fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and Western Santa Barbara Channel. 7 - The Annelida Part 4. Polychaeta: Fabelligeridae to Sternaspidae. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History. Santa Barbara, pp. 169 - 230." type="book chapter" year="2000">Hilbig, 2000</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C012695FF9080743F16FCC4D40BFC83" ID-CoL="84TDR" authority="Malmgren, 1866" authorityName="Malmgren" authorityYear="1866" box="[1043,1305,836,858]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ampharetidae" genus="Samytha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9758104FF9080743F16FCC4D578FC83" box="[1043,1130,836,858]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Samytha</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9020E7FF9080743F75FCC4D40BFC83" author="Malmgren" box="[1136,1305,836,858]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" refString="Malmgren, A. J. (1866) Nordiska Hafs-Annulater. Ofversigt af Koniglich Vetenskapsakademiens Forhandlingar, Stockholm, 22 (3), 355 - 410." type="journal article" year="1866">Malmgren, 1866</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="54BAE3B4FF9080743B92FCE4D1DBFCA0" box="[151,201,868,889]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C012695FF9080743A23FCE4D361FCA0" ID-CoL="6QR4Q" authority="Malmgren, 1866" authorityName="Malmgren" authorityYear="1866" box="[294,627,867,889]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ampharetidae" genus="Lysippe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="labiata">
<emphasis id="B9758104FF9080743A23FCE4D0D0FCA0" box="[294,450,867,889]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Lysippe labiata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9020E7FF9080743ACDFCE3D361FCA0" author="Malmgren" box="[456,627,867,889]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" refString="Malmgren, A. J. (1866) Nordiska Hafs-Annulater. Ofversigt af Koniglich Vetenskapsakademiens Forhandlingar, Stockholm, 22 (3), 355 - 410." type="journal article" year="1866">Malmgren, 1866</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBE5D16FF9080743B92FC25D55DFB97" blockId="1.[151,1437,933,1833]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
<emphasis id="B9758104FF9080743B92FC25D003FC67" bold="true" box="[151,273,933,958]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Prostomium of
<taxonomicName id="4C012695FF9080743ACAFC25D35BFC64" box="[463,585,933,957]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ampharetidae" genus="Ampharete" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9758104FF9080743ACAFC25D35BFC64" box="[463,585,933,957]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Ampharete</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-
<typeStatus id="54BAE3B4FF9080743954FC26D395FC67" box="[593,647,934,958]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">type</typeStatus>
: subdivided by a U-shaped groove; median lobe anteriorly rounded. Two large nuchal organs in posterior corners of median lobe (may be completely withdrawn and invisible). Lower lip enlarged, longitudinally grooved. Two pairs of nephridial pores/papillae dorsally from the notopodia of segments IV and V; no median nephridial papillae behind branchiae. Neuropodia of two
<typeStatus id="54BAE3B4FF9080743FC2FB92D417FBF3" box="[1223,1285,1042,1066]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">types</typeStatus>
, their uncini generally similar. Modified notopodia, dorsal ridges and enlarged neuropodia absent.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C31B0E9DFF9080743BC2FBD9D5BCF8F0" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BBE5D16FF9080743BC2FBD9D42AFB63" blockId="1.[151,1437,933,1833]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
<emphasis id="B9758104FF9080743BC2FBD9D029FBAB" bold="true" box="[199,315,1113,1138]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C012695FF9080743A43FBDAD089FBA8" box="[326,411,1114,1137]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ampharetidae" genus="Lysippe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9758104FF9080743A43FBDAD089FBA8" box="[326,411,1114,1137]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Lysippe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
always has 14 uncinigers with neuropodia in the form of tori (uncini are situated in a furrow), while the number of segments with notopodia may be 1214. In other genera with a varying number of thoracic segments (
<taxonomicName id="4C012695FF9080743A75FB21D0F8FB60" box="[368,490,1185,1209]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ampharetidae" genus="Ampharete" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9758104FF9080743A75FB21D0F8FB60" box="[368,490,1185,1209]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Ampharete</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C012695FF9080743AFDFB22D354FB60" box="[504,582,1186,1209]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ampharetidae" genus="Amage" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9758104FF9080743AFDFB22D354FB60" box="[504,582,1186,1209]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Amage</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C012695FF9080743981FB22D3C1FB60" box="[644,723,1186,1209]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ampharetidae" genus="Sosane" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9758104FF9080743981FB22D3C1FB60" box="[644,723,1186,1209]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Sosane</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), the number of segments with tori varies accordingly.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE5D16FF9080743BC2FB45D3DCFADB" blockId="1.[151,1437,933,1833]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
Paleae may be poorly developed or absent (as in the new species) but, in my opinion, this character should not be included in the generic diagnosis (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9020E7FF9080743932FB69D3D0FADB" author="Jirkov" box="[567,706,1257,1282]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" refString="Jirkov, I. A. (2011) Discussion of taxonomic characters and classification of Ampharetidae (Polychaeta). Italian Journal of Zoology, 78 (1), 78 - 94. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250003.2011.617216" type="journal article" year="2011">Jirkov 2011</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE5D16FF9080743BC2FA8DD241FA4B" blockId="1.[151,1437,933,1833]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
Nephridiopores absent dorsally behind the branchiae, contrary to
<taxonomicName id="4C012695FF90807438BFFA8DD526FAFC" box="[954,1076,1293,1317]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ampharetidae" genus="Ampharete" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9758104FF90807438BFFA8DD526FAFC" box="[954,1076,1293,1317]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Ampharete</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C012695FF9080743F6AFA8DD5E0FAFC" box="[1135,1266,1293,1317]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ampharetidae" genus="Anobothrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9758104FF9080743F6AFA8DD5E0FAFC" box="[1135,1266,1293,1317]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Anobothrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which have a pair of nephridial papillae, usually clearly visible, between or just after the middle branchiae. Instead, two pairs of nephridial pores are present much further back and laterally (
<figureCitation id="133A4193FF9080743878FAD5D2D3FAB7" box="[893,961,1365,1390]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1446,1468]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,339,1422]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[153,1434,339,1422]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Lysippe labiata and L. sexcirrata. L. labiata A, B — anterior of worms with withdrawn and everted nuchal organs; C — posterior end left view; D E — pygidia. Specimens from R / V Maslov cruise 10 station 49 69 ° 29 N 56 ° 00 E depth 38 m, bottom temperature + 1,19 ° C. F — pygidium of L. sexcirrata R / V Sevastopol cruise 5 station 1157 64 ° 56 N 24 ° 25 W depth 155 m, bottom temperature + 8,17 ° C. no — nuchal organs; np — nephridiopores." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/262040/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
A, arrowed). This is a good taxonomic character; unfortunately the papillae are usually barely visible.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE5D16FF9080743BC2FA1DD222F940" blockId="1.[151,1437,933,1833]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
The segmental origin of branchiae is slightly different between
<taxonomicName id="4C012695FF9080743896FA1ED2FBFA6C" box="[915,1001,1438,1461]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ampharetidae" genus="Lysippe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9758104FF9080743896FA1ED2FBFA6C" box="[915,1001,1438,1461]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Lysippe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and other species rich genera (
<figureCitation id="133A4193FF9080743E4DFA1DD49CFA6F" box="[1352,1422,1437,1462]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,857,879]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,337,833]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[150,1437,337,833]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Position of branchiae of 5 th segment (filled grey) in different ampharetid genera (after Jirkov 2001)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/262041/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
); for example, the branchiae that originate on the 5th segment (if present) are: the innermost pair in
<taxonomicName id="4C012695FF9080743E1FFA45D47AFA05" box="[1306,1384,1477,1500]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ampharetidae" genus="Amage" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9758104FF9080743E1FFA45D47AFA05" box="[1306,1384,1477,1500]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Amage</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the second pair from the innermost in
<taxonomicName id="4C012695FF908074391CFA68D381F9D9" box="[537,659,1512,1536]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ampharetidae" genus="Ampharete" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9758104FF908074391CFA68D381F9D9" box="[537,659,1512,1536]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Ampharete</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C012695FF90807439CCFA68D25EF9D9" box="[713,844,1512,1536]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ampharetidae" genus="Anobothrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9758104FF90807439CCFA68D25EF9D9" box="[713,844,1512,1536]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Anobothrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the third pair from the innermost in
<taxonomicName id="4C012695FF9080743FE8FA69D451F9D9" box="[1261,1347,1513,1536]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ampharetidae" genus="Lysippe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9758104FF9080743FE8FA69D451F9D9" box="[1261,1347,1513,1536]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Lysippe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the outermost pair in
<taxonomicName id="4C012695FF9080743A64F98DD0A2F9FD" box="[353,432,1549,1572]" class="Polychaeta" family="Ampharetidae" genus="Sosane" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9758104FF9080743A64F98DD0A2F9FD" box="[353,432,1549,1572]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Sosane</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The terminology used to count ampharetid segments differs from author to author. The paleal segment may be counted as the 1st (Noguera
<emphasis id="B9758104FF90807439EFF9B4D20CF992" box="[746,798,1587,1611]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">et al</emphasis>
. 2010), 2nd (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9020E7FF90807438AAF9B3D541F992" author="Orrhage" box="[943,1107,1587,1612]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" refString="Orrhage, L. (2001) On the anatomy of the central nervous system and the morphological value of the anterior end appendages of Ampharetidae, Pectinariidae and Terebellidae Polychaeta. Stockholm: Acta Zoologica, 82, 57 - 71. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1463 - 6395.2001.00070. x" type="journal article" year="2001">Orrhage 2001</bibRefCitation>
; Jirkov 2013;
<bibRefCitation id="EF9020E7FF9080743FFFF9B3D1C3F9AB" author="Imajima" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" refString="Imajima, M., Reuscher, M. &amp; Fiege, D. (2012) Ampharetidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) from Japan. Part I: The genus Ampharete Malmgren, 1866, along with a discussion of several taxonomic characters of the family and the introduction of a new identification tool. Zootaxa, 3490, 75 - 88." type="journal article" year="2012">
Imajima
<emphasis id="B9758104FF9080743E64F9B4D487F992" box="[1377,1429,1587,1611]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">et al</emphasis>
. 2012
</bibRefCitation>
) or 3rd (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9020E7FF9080743A2AF9D9D0F8F9AB" author="Malmgren" box="[303,490,1625,1650]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" refString="Malmgren, A. J. (1866) Nordiska Hafs-Annulater. Ofversigt af Koniglich Vetenskapsakademiens Forhandlingar, Stockholm, 22 (3), 355 - 410." type="journal article" year="1866">Malmgren 1866</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF9020E7FF9080743AFCF9D9D398F9AB" author="Fauvel" box="[505,650,1625,1650]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" refString="Fauvel, P. (1927) Polychetes sedentaires. Addenda aux errantes, archiannйlides, myzostomaires. Faune de France, 16, 1 - 494." type="journal article" year="1927">Fauvel 1927</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF9020E7FF908074399CF9D9D235F9AB" author="Hilbig" box="[665,807,1625,1650]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" refString="Hilbig, B. (2000) Family Ampharetidae Malmgren, 1867. In: Blake, J. A., Hilbig, B. &amp; Scott, P. V. Taxonomic Atlas of the Benthic Fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and Western Santa Barbara Channel. 7 - The Annelida Part 4. Polychaeta: Fabelligeridae to Sternaspidae. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History. Santa Barbara, pp. 169 - 230." type="book chapter" year="2000">Hilbig 2000</bibRefCitation>
); it is clearly not the 1st but whether it is the 2nd or 3rd requires confirmation. It is here counted as the 2nd segment.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE5D16FF9080743BC2F924D5BCF8F0" blockId="1.[151,1437,933,1833]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
There is some doubt about origin of ampharetid buccal tentacles (see Noguera
<emphasis id="B9758104FF9080743F51F925D59AF964" box="[1108,1160,1701,1725]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">et al</emphasis>
. 2010). Amongst the
<taxonomicName id="4C012695FF9080743E80F925D1F4F938" class="Polychaeta" family="Ampharetidae" genus="Lysippe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="labiata">
<emphasis id="B9758104FF9080743E80F925D1F4F938" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">L. labiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens examined here, some have everted tentacles (
<figureCitation id="133A4193FF9080743877F948D2A5F938" box="[882,951,1736,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1829,1851]" captionTargetBox="[185,1401,195,1807]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[185,1402,195,1807]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Lysippe labiata with everted buccal tentacles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/262042/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
); their placement is very similar to that of terebellids and provides indication of their homology and prostomial origin. Вuccal tentacles of ampharetids probably differ from terebellids mainly in the position of attachment of their buccal tentacles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>