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<document id="4D76E65CA22A1D694F27A2117B6A2763" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.181066" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7e340a0c-b13c-43f7-b8df-e0c7a589094c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="181066" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459826386589" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hooge, Matthew D. &amp; Tyler, Seth" docDate="2008" docId="0390C135C508967AA5A4F9DCFAB977DC" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01719p040.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1719" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Aphanostoma collinae Hooge &amp; Tyler, 2008, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="FFA9B94DC5189668A533FF91FFB87058" masterDocTitle="Acoela (Acoelomorpha) from Bocas del Toro, Panama" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1698222319859" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="D16DD85DB8DB181CEC3DDF5268565E0E">Acoela (Acoelomorpha) from Bocas del Toro, Panama</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3E6A9734333A19A45C28EF9D94631237">Hooge, Matthew D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="40C5917699735DC2752357EC9B08172E">Tyler, Seth</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="E008D899F1BFAEB8687887BBD1C9A7F5">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7BBBB12DEF082BF4EB66C2CDCCD8A046">1719</mods:number>
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<treatment id="0390C135C508967AA5A4F9DCFAB977DC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6231379" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119356814" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6231379" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0390C135C508967AA5A4F9DCFAB977DC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0390C135C508967AA5A4F9DCFAB977DC" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<subSubSection id="C32323A8C5089678A5A4F9DCFE8D76D2" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B867023C5089678A5A4F9DCFDB3763F" blockId="16.[151,697,1544,1674]" box="[151,523,1613,1639]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<heading id="D0CEC74FC5089678A5A4F9DCFDB3763F" bold="true" box="[151,523,1613,1639]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5089678A5A4F9DCFDB3763F" bold="true" box="[151,523,1613,1639]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C390BA0C5089678A5A4F9DCFE1E763F" ID-CoL="8V6R8" box="[151,422,1613,1639]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Aphanostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="collinae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5089678A5A4F9DCFE1E763F" bold="true" box="[151,422,1613,1639]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Aphanostoma collinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27E114AC5089678A49EF9DCFDB3763F" box="[429,523,1613,1639]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B867023C5089678A5A4F9E1FE8D76D2" blockId="16.[151,697,1544,1674]" box="[151,309,1648,1674]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
(
<figureCitation id="13026CA6C5089678A5ACF9E1FE9476D2" box="[159,300,1648,1674]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 14" captionStart-1="FIGURE 15" captionStart-2="FIGURE 16" captionStartId-0="17.[151,255,1528,1552]" captionStartId-1="18.[151,255,1234,1258]" captionStartId-2="19.[151,255,1012,1036]" captionTargetBox-0="[270,1322,397,1500]" captionTargetBox-1="[266,1322,197,1207]" captionTargetBox-2="[328,1258,197,985]" captionTargetId-0="figure@17.[264,1323,397,1502]" captionTargetId-1="figure@18.[264,1323,197,1208]" captionTargetId-2="figure@19.[328,1260,197,985]" captionTargetPageId-0="17" captionTargetPageId-1="18" captionTargetPageId-2="19" captionText-0="FIGURE 14. Aphanostoma collinae sp. nov.; photomicrographs of a living specimen. A. Whole specimen. B. Copulatory organs. Arrowheads point to spots of concentrated actin in wall of seminal bursa." captionText-1="FIGURE 15. Aphanostoma collinae sp. nov.; photomicrographs of sagittal histological sections of holotype. A. Whole animal. B, C. Copulatory organs. Arrowheads point to spots of concentrated actin in wall of seminal bursa." captionText-2="FIGURE 16. Aphanostoma collinae sp. nov.; copulatory organs in whole-mount stained with Alexa- 488 - labeled phalloidin and viewed with confocal microscopy. Arrowheads point to spots of concentrated actin in wall of seminal bursa." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/181080/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/181081/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/181082/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs. 1416</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32323A8C5089678A5A4F951FA2477FA" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B867023C5089678A5A4F951FDF4775A" blockId="16.[151,1436,1728,2034]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5089678A5A4F951FEFE7682" bold="true" box="[151,326,1728,1754]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<typeStatus id="5482CE81C5089678A5A4F951FF6A7682" box="[151,210,1728,1754]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
Material
</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="5482CE81C5089678A46EF951FE767682" box="[349,462,1728,1754]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectionCode id="ED28E8E6C5089678A4EBF951FD957682" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[472,557,1728,1754]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">USNM</collectionCode>
1096769, one set of 2-µm-thick serial sagittal sections of epoxy-embedded specimen stained with toluidine blue.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B867023C5089678A5F5F881FD3F770A" blockId="16.[151,1436,1728,2034]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5089678A5F5F881FEC87772" bold="true" box="[198,368,1808,1834]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<typeStatus id="5482CE81C5089678A5F5F881FEBB7772" box="[198,259,1808,1834]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
Locality
</emphasis>
. Pilings near Almirante (
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D16E4C5089678A7ADF881FCF97772" box="[670,833,1808,1834]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" precision="1" value="9.270666">9°1614.4” N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D16E4C5089678A67DF881FBBF7772" box="[846,1031,1808,1834]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" precision="1" value="-82.38922">82°2321.2” W</geoCoordinate>
), from fine flocculent sand on top of black anoxic sand at
<quantity id="4CC1DDC6C5089678A49FF8A9FE57770A" box="[428,495,1848,1874]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="m" value="0.5">0.5 m</quantity>
water depth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B867023C5089678A5F5F8F1FA2477FA" blockId="16.[151,1436,1728,2034]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5089678A5F5F8F1FDA97722" bold="true" box="[198,529,1888,1914]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Other Material Examined</emphasis>
. Living specimens in squeeze preparations; whole mounts for fluorescence imaging of musculature; two sets of serial sections of epoxy-embedded specimens stained with toluidine blue.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32323A8C5089678A5F5F821FAD777AA" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B867023C5089678A5F5F821FAD777AA" blockId="16.[151,1436,1728,2034]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5089678A5F5F821FEF37792" bold="true" box="[198,331,1968,1994]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Etymology</emphasis>
. The species is named in honor of Dr. Rachel Collin of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) for organizing the taxonomic workshop that made the collection of this material possible.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32323A8C5099679A5F5FF06FA3D77B0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B867023C5099679A5F5FF06FA3D710A" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,338]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5099679A5F5FF06FEEF70E9" bold="true" box="[198,343,151,177]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Description</emphasis>
. Living specimens up to 480 µm long and ~150 µm wide (
<figureCitation id="13026CA6C5099679A126FF09FBD270EA" box="[1045,1130,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="17.[151,255,1528,1552]" captionTargetBox="[270,1322,397,1500]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[264,1323,397,1502]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 14. Aphanostoma collinae sp. nov.; photomicrographs of a living specimen. A. Whole specimen. B. Copulatory organs. Arrowheads point to spots of concentrated actin in wall of seminal bursa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181080/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
A). Anterior and posterior ends rounded. Body mostly colorless by transmitted light. Epidermis completely ciliated. Small rhabdoid glands present; scattered throughout epidermis. Well-developed frontal organ present; frontal glands present in area between middle of body and frontal pore (
<figureCitation id="13026CA6C5099679A7C5FE81FCF67172" box="[758,846,272,298]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="18.[151,255,1234,1258]" captionTargetBox="[266,1322,197,1207]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[264,1323,197,1208]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 15. Aphanostoma collinae sp. nov.; photomicrographs of sagittal histological sections of holotype. A. Whole animal. B, C. Copulatory organs. Arrowheads point to spots of concentrated actin in wall of seminal bursa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181081/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
A). Mouth opening on ventral surface, middle of body. Digestive central syncytium extends from mouth to level of male copulatory organ (
<figureCitation id="13026CA6C5099679A18DFEA9FAA5710A" box="[1214,1309,312,338]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="17.[151,255,1528,1552]" captionTargetBox="[270,1322,397,1500]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[264,1323,397,1502]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 14. Aphanostoma collinae sp. nov.; photomicrographs of a living specimen. A. Whole specimen. B. Copulatory organs. Arrowheads point to spots of concentrated actin in wall of seminal bursa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181080/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs. 14</figureCitation>
A, 15A).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4620ABC5099679A5A4FA69FB91766A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181080/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" targetBox="[270,1322,397,1500]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="8B867023C5099679A5A4FA69FB91766A" blockId="17.[151,1436,1528,1586]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5099679A5A4FA69FE9F7648" bold="true" box="[151,295,1528,1552]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C390BA0C5099679A41CFA68FD987648" box="[303,544,1529,1552]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Aphanostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="collinae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5099679A41CFA68FD987648" box="[303,544,1529,1552]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Aphanostoma collinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5099679A71BFA69FDC67648" bold="true" box="[552,638,1528,1552]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27E114AC5099679A71BFA69FDC67648" box="[552,638,1528,1552]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
; photomicrographs of a living specimen. A. Whole specimen. B. Copulatory organs. Arrowheads point to spots of concentrated actin in wall of seminal bursa.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B867023C5099679A5F5F9F7FBF476F0" blockId="17.[151,1437,1638,2024]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Ovaries paired, ventral; extend from level of mouth posteriorly to seminal bursa (
<figureCitation id="13026CA6C5099679A148F9F7FB7776D8" box="[1147,1231,1638,1664]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="18.[151,255,1234,1258]" captionTargetBox="[266,1322,197,1207]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[264,1323,197,1208]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 15. Aphanostoma collinae sp. nov.; photomicrographs of sagittal histological sections of holotype. A. Whole animal. B, C. Copulatory organs. Arrowheads point to spots of concentrated actin in wall of seminal bursa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181081/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
A). Testes paired, lateral to ovaries; extend length of body from statocyst to male copulatory organ.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B867023C5099679A5F5F927FEFC7710" blockId="17.[151,1437,1638,2024]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Common gonopore ventral (
<figureCitation id="13026CA6C5099679A712F927FD3C7688" box="[545,644,1718,1744]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="18.[151,255,1234,1258]" captionTargetBox="[266,1322,197,1207]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[264,1323,197,1208]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 15. Aphanostoma collinae sp. nov.; photomicrographs of sagittal histological sections of holotype. A. Whole animal. B, C. Copulatory organs. Arrowheads point to spots of concentrated actin in wall of seminal bursa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181081/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs. 15</figureCitation>
AC). Epidermis of gonopore invaginated to form short antrum. Short, unciliated vagina without sphincter opens anteriorly from antrum. Seminal bursa with wall; proximal wall of bursa thick and bears 45 spots of concentrated actin that presumably function as bursal nozzles (
<figureCitation id="13026CA6C5099679A052F897FF0E7710" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="17.[151,255,1528,1552]" captionTargetBox="[270,1322,397,1500]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[264,1323,397,1502]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 14. Aphanostoma collinae sp. nov.; photomicrographs of a living specimen. A. Whole specimen. B. Copulatory organs. Arrowheads point to spots of concentrated actin in wall of seminal bursa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181080/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs. 14</figureCitation>
B, 15B, 16).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B867023C5099679A5F5F8C7FA3D77B0" blockId="17.[151,1437,1638,2024]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Dorsal side of common antrum opens to well-developed male copulatory organ. Hook-shaped, isodiametric penis composed of outer circular muscles and inner, non-anastomosing longitudinal muscles (
<figureCitation id="13026CA6C5099679A033F8EFFAD877C0" box="[1280,1376,1918,1944]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="18.[151,255,1234,1258]" captionTargetBox="[266,1322,197,1207]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[264,1323,197,1208]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 15. Aphanostoma collinae sp. nov.; photomicrographs of sagittal histological sections of holotype. A. Whole animal. B, C. Copulatory organs. Arrowheads point to spots of concentrated actin in wall of seminal bursa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181081/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs. 15</figureCitation>
B, C, 16). Proximal end of penis capped with prostatic vesicle composed of granular secretions (
<figureCitation id="13026CA6C5099679A184F837FAA07798" box="[1207,1304,1958,1984]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="17.[151,255,1528,1552]" captionTargetBox="[270,1322,397,1500]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[264,1323,397,1502]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 14. Aphanostoma collinae sp. nov.; photomicrographs of a living specimen. A. Whole specimen. B. Copulatory organs. Arrowheads point to spots of concentrated actin in wall of seminal bursa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181080/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs. 14</figureCitation>
B, 15B, C). Penis invaginated into muscular seminal vesicle that also contains large mass of sperm (
<figureCitation id="13026CA6C5099679A1AEF85FFB4677B0" box="[1181,1278,1998,2024]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="17.[151,255,1528,1552]" captionTargetBox="[270,1322,397,1500]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[264,1323,397,1502]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 14. Aphanostoma collinae sp. nov.; photomicrographs of a living specimen. A. Whole specimen. B. Copulatory organs. Arrowheads point to spots of concentrated actin in wall of seminal bursa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181080/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs. 14</figureCitation>
B, 15B 16).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF4620ABC50A967AA5A4FB43FAB27554" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181081/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" targetBox="[266,1322,197,1207]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="8B867023C50A967AA5A4FB43FAB27554" blockId="18.[151,1436,1234,1292]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C50A967AA5A4FB43FE9F74B2" bold="true" box="[151,295,1234,1258]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C390BA0C50A967AA41CFB43FDA774B1" box="[303,543,1234,1257]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Aphanostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="collinae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C50A967AA41CFB43FDA774B1" box="[303,543,1234,1257]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Aphanostoma collinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C50A967AA714FB43FDC574B2" bold="true" box="[551,637,1234,1258]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27E114AC50A967AA714FB43FDC574B2" box="[551,637,1234,1258]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
; photomicrographs of sagittal histological sections of holotype. A. Whole animal. B, C. Copulatory organs. Arrowheads point to spots of concentrated actin in wall of seminal bursa.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C32323A8C50A967AA5F5FAF3FAB977DC" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B867023C50A967AA5F5FAF3FA9B76E4" blockId="18.[151,1437,1378,1924]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C50A967AA5F5FAF3FE807524" bold="true" box="[198,312,1378,1404]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Remarks</emphasis>
. The genus
<taxonomicName id="4C390BA0C50A967AA4FFFAF3FDD57523" box="[460,621,1378,1403]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Aphanostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C50A967AA4FFFAF3FDD57523" box="[460,621,1378,1403]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Aphanostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has as its principle diagnostic character, the possession of a seminal bursa with a muscular or cellular appendage. In at least two of the six known species of
<taxonomicName id="4C390BA0C50A967AA1E3FA1BFAC975FB" box="[1232,1393,1418,1443]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Aphanostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C50A967AA1E3FA1BFAC975FB" box="[1232,1393,1418,1443]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Aphanostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C390BA0C50A967AA0B0FA1BFDBD7594" authority="Hooge and Tyler, 2003" authorityName="Hooge and Tyler" authorityYear="2003" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Aphanostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="bruscai">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C50A967AA0B0FA1BFF577593" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A. bruscai</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA80DD2C50A967AA5C5FA23FDBD7594" author="Hooge" box="[246,517,1458,1484]" pageId="18" pageNumber="38" refString="Hooge, M. D. &amp; Tyler, S. (2003) Acoels (Platyhelminthes, Acoela) from the Atlantic coast of North America, Meiofauna Marina, 12, 7 - 36." type="journal article" year="2003">Hooge and Tyler, 2003</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C390BA0C50A967AA70DFA23FCD57594" authority="Orsted, 1845" authorityName="Orsted" authorityYear="1845" box="[574,877,1458,1484]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Aphanostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="virescens">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C50A967AA70DFA23FD737593" box="[574,715,1458,1483]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A. virescens</emphasis>
Ørsted, 1845
</taxonomicName>
, the bursal appendage is in the form of a bursal cap that includes small actin-sclerotized bodies (Hooge &amp; Tyer 2003,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA80DD2C50A967AA6E6FA4BFB1375AC" author="Petrov" box="[981,1195,1498,1524]" pageId="18" pageNumber="38" refString="Petrov, A., Hooge, M. &amp; Tyler, S. (2006) Comparative morphology of the bursal nozzles in Acoels (Acoela, Acoelomorpha). Journal of Morphology, 267 - 648." type="book chapter" year="2006">Petrov et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
, Petrov unpublished data). This is also the condition for
<taxonomicName id="4C390BA0C50A967AA70CF993FD077643" box="[575,703,1538,1563]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Aphanostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="collinae">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C50A967AA70CF993FD077643" box="[575,703,1538,1563]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A. collinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which has 45 spots of concentrated-actin within the wall of its seminal bursa. These sclerotized spots are not recognizable as fully-formed bursal nozzles, but appear to be composed of the same actin-rich flattened cells that compose bursal nozzles. For this reason, we refrain from placing this species in the genus
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C50A967AA715F9EBFD6476CB" box="[550,732,1658,1683]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Diatomovora—</emphasis>
the genus for isodiametrids with multiple bursal nozzles— and instead place it in the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C390BA0C50A967AA727F933FD0D76E3" box="[532,693,1698,1723]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Aphanostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C50A967AA727F933FD0D76E3" box="[532,693,1698,1723]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Aphanostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in which there appears to be closely related species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B867023C50A967AA5F5F95BFAB977DC" blockId="18.[151,1437,1378,1924]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="4C390BA0C50A967AA5F5F95BFE7676BB" box="[198,462,1738,1763]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Aphanostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="collinae">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C50A967AA5F5F95BFE7676BB" box="[198,462,1738,1763]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Aphanostoma collinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
most resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C390BA0C50A967AA7A0F95BFCB476BB" box="[659,780,1738,1763]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Aphanostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="bruscai">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C50A967AA7A0F95BFCB476BB" box="[659,780,1738,1763]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A. bruscai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Both species have similar isodiametrid-type male copulatory organs with hook-shaped penes, and they have similarly arranged areas of concentrated-actin in the proximal wall of their seminal bursae.
<taxonomicName id="4C390BA0C50A967AA758F88BFCCC776B" box="[619,884,1818,1843]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Aphanostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="collinae">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C50A967AA758F88BFCCC776B" box="[619,884,1818,1843]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Aphanostoma collinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has fewer spots of actin in its bursa and they appear to be less well developed than in
<taxonomicName id="4C390BA0C50A967AA742F8D3FD527703" box="[625,746,1858,1883]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Aphanostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="bruscai">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C50A967AA742F8D3FD527703" box="[625,746,1858,1883]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A. bruscai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C390BA0C50A967AA7CBF8D3FC477703" box="[760,1023,1858,1883]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Aphanostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="collinae">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C50A967AA7CBF8D3FC477703" box="[760,1023,1858,1883]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Aphanostoma collinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is further different from
<taxonomicName id="4C390BA0C50A967AA017F8D3FA247703" box="[1316,1436,1858,1883]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Aphanostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="bruscai">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C50A967AA017F8D3FA247703" box="[1316,1436,1858,1883]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A. bruscai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in lacking a muscular sphincter on the vagina and in having more well-developed frontal glands.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>