493 lines
57 KiB
XML
493 lines
57 KiB
XML
<document id="E175B861A487C3862F0B571FEB933BD2" ID-CLB-Dataset="21973" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2016.187" ID-GBIF-Dataset="984e9b18-d26e-4a46-8dce-d8aea73d88a2" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3837502" ID-ZooBank="8ACE88A9-6CC8-4824-837B-3F20311E7957" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1590065976052" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Broad, Gavin R. & Shaw, Mark R." docDate="2016" docId="039087DDF906842CFDA23201B045FBDA" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2016-187.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 187" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Enicospilus merdarius" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="20" masterDocId="FFA9FFA5F909843FFFB4330AB204FF85" masterDocTitle="The British species of Enicospilus (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Ophioninae)" masterLastPageNumber="31" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="16" updateTime="1698840592965" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="54075337E4870967344CD02BF17F0CC6">
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<mods:title id="600E86B41F4EF57CA8CE27891459D211">The British species of Enicospilus (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Ophioninae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="54DEDCC7C2DD7D5DF2703DCC3A49D5C1" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="024D5AC8A234DE4F5F281946C7246B72">Broad, Gavin R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9DCF8E267DB0EFA19A63E945EC09D90D">Dept. of Life Sciences, the Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, United Kingdom. & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: D 06689 DE- 526 F- 4 CFA- 8 BEB- 9 FB 38850754 A & Corresponding author: g. broad @ nhm. ac. uk</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="85238EB213FB4DB13939E7A4180D5296" type="email">g.broad@nhm.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="90A99040D13E4963E9BC769BCC0A44FE">Shaw, Mark R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C86975A0635E4BD6D4B180AEAB6F2A03">National Museums of Scotland, Chambers Street, Edinburgh EH 1 1 JF, United Kingdom. & E-mail: markshaw @ xenarcha. com & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: EBB 32 AF 8 - 6 A 45 - 4 AB 9 - 8131 - 24812 F 916 E 99</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="A59CBB3FBF37C6DBDD3EE02E74407241">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="73C6B70AF451FA09AA2013AEB49DA406">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="1925F43063CA17DC983920D83623774C">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="78D5A21397C0EF310133D55A3F4601F7">2016-04-04</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="46136BDF8A2B503E77850149F2FB5017">187</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="6C9FD06705F4045A4CFCDAC072742DEF" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2016.187</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039087DDF906842CFDA23201B045FBDA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3852434" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164245938" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3852434" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087DDF906842CFDA23201B045FBDA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039087DDF906842CFDA23201B045FBDA" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<subSubSection id="C3236540F9068430FDA23201B618FEA0" box="[534,1052,267,294]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8636CBF9068430FDA23201B618FEA0" blockId="15.[534,1052,267,329]" box="[534,1052,267,294]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<heading id="D0CE81A7F9068430FDA23201B618FEA0" box="[534,1052,267,294]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F9068430FDA23201B618FEA0" ID-CoL="6FCJD" authority="(Gravenhorst, 1829)" baseAuthorityName="Gravenhorst" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[534,1052,267,294]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="merdarius">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F9068430FDA23201B12CFEA3" bold="true" box="[534,808,267,294]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Enicospilus merdarius</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B3AF9068430FC833201B610FEA0" author="Gravenhorst J. L. C." box="[823,1044,267,293]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref11233" refString="Gravenhorst J. L. C. 1829. Ichneumonologia Europaea. Pars II. Vratislaviae." type="book" year="1829">Gravenhorst, 1829</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3236540F9068430FDC83224B1BDFECC" box="[636,953,302,329]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8636CBF9068430FDC83224B1BDFECC" blockId="15.[534,1052,267,329]" box="[636,953,302,329]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<figureCitation id="13022A4EF9068430FDC83224B0C1FECC" box="[636,709,302,329]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[189,232,1965,1991]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1040,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[189,1398,1039,1925]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Fore wing of Enicospilus merdarius (Gravenhorst, 1829) with sclerites, veins and cells referred to in the text labelled." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3837504" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3837504/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13022A4EF9068430FD603225B0FCFECC" box="[724,760,303,329]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1965,1991]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1081,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[189,1398,1081,1925]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Fore wing discosubmarginal cell. A. Enicospilus undulatus (Gravenhorst, 1829). B. E. ramidulus (Linnaeus, 1758). C. E. merdarius (Gravenhorst, 1829). D. E. repentinus (Holmgren, 1860)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3837506" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3837506/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">2C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13022A4EF9068430FCB13225B13CFECC" box="[773,824,303,329]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1965,1991]" captionTargetBox="[330,1259,1130,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[328,1259,1130,1924]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 11. Fore wing (distal to left), vein cu-a arrowed. A. Enicospilus merdarius (Gravenhorst, 1829). B. E. repentinus (Holmgren, 1860)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3837524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3837524/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">11A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13022A4EF9068430FCF13225B17DFECC" box="[837,889,303,329]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,231,1965,1991]" captionTargetBox="[284,1326,591,1906]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[246,1342,552,1925]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 13. Habitus. A. Enicospilus merdarius (Gravenhorst, 1829), ♀, Eastbourne, England, BMNH(E) 1022376. B. E. repentinus (Holmgren, 1860), ♀,Aldbury, England, BMNH(E) 962208. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3837528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3837528/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">13A</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation id="13022A4EF9068430FC323225B1BDFECC" box="[902,953,303,329]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[189,229,1110,1136]" captionTargetBox="[217,1351,454,1049]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[189,1398,390,1069]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 19. Distribution maps. A. Enicospilus merdarius (Gravenhorst, 1829). B. E. repentinus (Holmgren, 1860)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3837540" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3837540/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">19A</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3236540F9068430FF09327AB152FDB0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B8636CBF9068430FF09327AB64BFE0F" blockId="15.[189,1235,368,500]" box="[189,1103,368,394]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2911E5F9068430FF09327AB64BFE0F" box="[189,1103,368,394]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9810DAF9068430FF09327AB0B0FE0F" author="Gravenhorst J. L. C." box="[189,692,368,394]" page="698" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1829">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F9068430FF09327AB0B0FE0F" authority="Gravenhorst, 1829: 698" authorityName="Gravenhorst" authorityPageNumber="698" authorityYear="1829" box="[189,692,368,394]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ophion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="merdarius">
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||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F9068430FF09327AB390FE0F" box="[189,404,368,394]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Ophion merdarius</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B3AF9068430FE2F327AB0B0FE0F" author="Gravenhorst J. L. C." box="[411,692,368,394]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref11233" refString="Gravenhorst J. L. C. 1829. Ichneumonologia Europaea. Pars II. Vratislaviae." type="book" year="1829">Gravenhorst, 1829: 698</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
;
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||
<typeStatus id="54828869F9068430FD74327AB128FE0F" box="[704,812,368,394]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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||
Ƌ, OUMNH, examined.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B8636CBF9068430FF093299B164FE2B" blockId="15.[189,1235,368,500]" box="[189,864,403,430]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2911E5F9068430FF093299B164FE2B" box="[189,864,403,430]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9810DAF9068430FF093299B09CFE28" author="Vollenhoven S. C. S. van" box="[189,664,403,429]" page="61" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1879">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F9068430FF093299B09CFE28" authority="Vollenhoven, 1879: 61" authorityName="Vollenhoven" authorityPageNumber="61" authorityYear="1879" box="[189,664,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ophion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tournieri">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F9068430FF093299B380FE28" box="[189,388,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Ophion tournieri</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B3AF9068430FE383299B09CFE28" author="Vollenhoven S. C. S. van" box="[396,664,403,429]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref11766" refString="Vollenhoven S. C. S. van 1879. Pinacographia. Illustrations of more than 1000 species of North-West- European Ichneumonidae sensu Linnaeano. Martinus Nijhoff, ' sGravenhage. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9351" type="book" year="1879">Vollenhoven, 1879: 61</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 39; syn. nov.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B8636CBF9068430FF0932BCB6D7FE54" blockId="15.[189,1235,368,500]" box="[189,1235,438,465]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2911E5F9068430FF0932BCB6D7FE54" box="[189,1235,438,465]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9810DAF9068430FF0932BCB0ABFE55" author="Kokujev N. R." box="[189,687,438,464]" page="170" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1907">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F9068430FF0932BCB0ABFE55" authority="Kokujev, 1907: 170" authorityName="Kokujev" authorityPageNumber="170" authorityYear="1907" box="[189,687,438,464]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Henicospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rossicus">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F9068430FF0932BCB3B8FE55" box="[189,444,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Henicospilus rossicus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B3AF9068430FE7032BCB0ABFE55" author="Kokujev N. R." box="[452,687,438,464]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="161 - 174" refId="ref11439" refString="Kokujev N. R. 1907. Revue des especes Russes du genre Henicospilus. Trudy Russkago Entomologicheskago Obshchestva 38: 161 - 174." type="journal article" year="1907">Kokujev, 1907: 170</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
;
|
||
<typeStatus id="54828869F9068430FD0F32BCB123FE55" box="[699,807,438,464]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
Ƌ, ZIN, photos examined; syn. nov.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636CBF9068430FF0932D0B14AFE71" blockId="15.[189,1235,368,500]" box="[189,846,473,500]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2911E5F9068430FF0932D0B14AFE71" box="[189,846,473,500]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9810DAF9068430FF0932D0B0DEFE71" author="Shestakov A." box="[189,730,473,500]" page="256" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1926">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F9068430FF0932D0B0DEFE71" ID-CoL="6FB2Y" authority="Shestakov, 1926: 256" authorityName="Shestakov" authorityPageNumber="256" authorityYear="1926" box="[189,730,473,500]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="contributus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F9068430FF0932D0B3D7FE71" box="[189,467,474,500]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Enicospilus contributus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B3AF9068430FE6E32D3B0DEFE71" author="Shestakov A." box="[474,730,473,500]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="25 - 32" refId="ref11627" refString="Shestakov A. 1926. Tabula diagnostica et species novae palaearcticae generis Enicospilus Stephen. Konowia 5: 25 - 32." type="journal article" year="1926">Shestakov, 1926: 256</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
; syn. nov.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636CBF9068430FF093111B152FDB0" blockId="15.[189,854,539,566]" box="[189,854,539,566]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F9068430FF093111B3CCFDB0" ID-CoL="6FBRG" baseAuthorityName="Holmgren" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[189,456,539,565]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="repentinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F9068430FF093111B3CCFDB0" box="[189,456,539,565]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Enicospilus repentinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
– misidentification (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B3AF9068430FD0E3111B14DFDB0" author="Gauld I. D." box="[698,841,539,565]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="55 - 65" refId="ref11025" refString="Gauld I. D. 1973. Notes on the British Ophionini (Hym., Ichneumonidae) including a provisional key to species. Entomologist's Gazette 24: 55 - 65." type="journal article" year="1973">Gauld 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3236540F906842FFF093156B1A3FE7C" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636CBF9068430FF093156B30FFDF3" blockId="15.[189,267,604,630]" box="[189,267,604,630]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<heading id="D0CE81A7F9068430FF093156B30FFDF3" bold="true" box="[189,267,604,630]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F9068430FF093156B30FFDF3" bold="true" box="[189,267,604,630]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Status</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636CBF9068430FF093181B121FBEA" blockId="15.[189,1399,651,1135]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
As described in the “Taxonomy of British
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F9068430FD753181B14EFD20" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1835" box="[705,842,651,677]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F9068430FD753181B14EFD20" box="[705,842,651,677]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Enicospilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” section above, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54828869F9068430FBF73181B6ABFD20" box="[1091,1199,651,677]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F9068430FAAA3181B331FD4D" authorityName="Gravenhorst" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ophion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="merdarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F9068430FAAA3181B331FD4D" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Ophion merdarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a specimen of the species usually called
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F9068430FCF531A5B1D0FD4D" box="[833,980,687,712]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F9068430FCF531A5B1D4FD4D" authorityName="Vollenhoven" authorityYear="1879" box="[833,976,687,712]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ophion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tournieri">E. tournieri</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The (probably non-British) female
|
||
<typeStatus id="54828869F9068430FF0931DBB35FFD6E" box="[189,347,721,747]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is a specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F9068430FD8731DBB124FD6E" authorityName="Broad & Shaw" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Haller" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[563,800,721,747]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F9068430FD8731DBB124FD6E" box="[563,800,721,747]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Enicospilus adustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(i.e., the usual interpretation of the name), so the choice of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54828869F9068430FE8831FEB3ACFC8B" box="[316,424,756,782]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was unfortunate. We have not examined type material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F9068430FB3031FFB755FC8B" authorityName="Vollenhoven" authorityYear="1879" box="[1156,1361,757,783]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ophion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tournieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F9068430FB3031FFB755FC8B" box="[1156,1361,757,783]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Ophion tournieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F9068430FF093012B3D3FCB7" authorityName="Shestakov" authorityYear="1926" box="[189,471,792,818]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="contributus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F9068430FF093012B3D3FCB7" box="[189,471,792,818]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Enicospilus contributus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as these types cannot be located; instead we have followed the synonymies (under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F9068430FEA03036B378FCD0" authorityName="Vollenhoven" authorityYear="1879" box="[276,380,828,853]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ophion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tournieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F9068430FEA03036B378FCD0" box="[276,380,828,853]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">tournieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B3AF9068430FE053031B050FCD0" author="Aubert J. - F." box="[433,596,827,853]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="124 - 153" refId="ref10749" refString="Aubert J. - F. 1962. Les Ichneumonides du rivage Mediterraneen francais (4 e serie, Alpes-maritimes). Revue Francaise d'Entomologie 29 (1): 124 - 153." type="journal article" year="1962">Aubert (1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B3AF9068430FDD73031B09BFCD3" author="Aubert J. F." box="[611,671,827,854]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="81 - 84" refId="ref10783" refString="Aubert J. F. 1964. Revision des travaux concernant les Ichneumonides de France et 4 e supplement au catalogue de Gaulle (85 especes nouvelles pour la faune francaise). Bulletin de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon 33 (2): 57 - 65, 81 - 84." type="journal article" year="1964">1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B3AF9068430FD523031B1AEFCD3" author="Viktorov G. A." box="[742,938,827,854]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="179 - 210" refId="ref11733" refString="Viktorov G. A. 1957. Species of the genus Enicospilus (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) Stephens in USSR. Entomologicheskoye Obozreniye 36: 179 - 210. [In Russian]" type="journal article" year="1957">Viktorov (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The type of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F9068430FBFB3036B6FCFCD0" authorityName="Shestakov" authorityYear="1926" box="[1103,1272,827,853]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="contributus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F9068430FBFB3036B6FCFCD0" box="[1103,1272,827,853]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">E. contributus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be in ZIN but could not be located (A. Khalaim, pers. comm.). The whereabouts of the type male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F9068430FAEE3055B321FC1E" authorityName="Vollenhoven" authorityYear="1879" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ophion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tournieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F9068430FAEE3055B321FC1E" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">O. tournieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a mystery;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B3AF9068430FE773088B0B6FC19" author="Townes H. K. & Momoi S. & Townes M." box="[451,690,897,924]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref11692" refString="Townes H. K., Momoi S. & Townes M. 1965. A Catalogue and Reclassification of the Eastern Palearctic Ichneumonidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 5, American Entomological Institute, Gainesville, FL." type="book" year="1965">
|
||
Townes
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F9068430FD903088B059FC1E" box="[548,605,897,923]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1965)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
report the type depository as the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, but it cannot be found there (A. Touret-Alby, pers. comm.) and it seems unlikely when most of the Vollenhoven’s types were deposited in Dutch collections. There is also no trace of a type in Naturalis, Leiden (F. Bakker, pers. comm.), which includes the former Amsterdam collections. The type locality of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32E765BF9068430FEC73704B3FBFBAD" box="[371,511,1038,1064]" name="Switzerland" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
|
||
makes it likely that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F9068430FD5E3705B171FBAD" authorityName="Vollenhoven" authorityYear="1879" box="[746,885,1039,1065]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ophion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tournieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F9068430FD5E3705B171FBAD" box="[746,885,1039,1065]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">O. tournieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F9068430FB8F3705B6D7FBAD" authorityName="Gravenhorst" authorityYear="1829" box="[1083,1235,1038,1064]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ophion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="merdarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F9068430FB8F3705B6D7FBAD" box="[1083,1235,1038,1064]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">E. merdarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
rather than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F9068430FAE93705B32EFBCE" authorityName="Viktorov" authorityYear="1957" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruciator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F9068430FAE93705B32EFBCE" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">E. cruciator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, described from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32E765BF9068430FE45373BB097FBCE" box="[497,659,1073,1099]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and apparently more of a species of hot, dry climates (judging by published records and the collections of BMNH).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF466643F9068430FF0934A7B002F86E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3837526" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3837526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3837526/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" startId="15.[189,232,1965,1991]" targetBox="[220,1367,1238,1904]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636CBF9068430FF0934A7B002F86E" blockId="15.[189,1398,1965,2027]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F9068430FF0934A7B31AF842" bold="true" box="[189,286,1965,1991]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 12.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F9068430FE9D34A7B104F84D" authority="(Ratzeburg, 1844)" baseAuthorityName="Ratzeburg" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[297,768,1965,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inflexus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F9068430FE9D34A7B01CF842" box="[297,536,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Enicospilus inflexus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B3AF9068430FD9F34A7B0F2F84D" author="Ratzeburg" box="[555,758,1965,1992]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref11544" refString="Ratzeburg, J. T. C. 1844. Die Ichneumonen der Forstinsecten in forstlicher und entomologischer Beziehung. Nicolaischen Buchhandlung, Berlin." type="book" year="1844">Ratzeburg, 1844</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ♀, Tredinnick Stack, England, BMNH(E) 962205, habitus. Scale bar = 10 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636CBF919842FFF093201B1A3FE7C" blockId="16.[189,1399,267,505]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
Restricted to a few coastal sites in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32E765BF919842FFDFE3201B149FEA0" box="[586,845,267,293]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">England and Scotland</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Only reared from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F919842FFB913206B34DFECC" authority="(Hubner, 1823)" baseAuthorityName="Hubner" baseAuthorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ripae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F919842FFB913206B6BAFEA0" box="[1061,1214,268,294]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Agrotis ripae</emphasis>
|
||
(Hübner, 1823) (Noctuidae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(7 rearings), which inhabits the strandlines of sandy beaches and is very localised. The apparent host specificity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F919842FFDBC3259B0A6FEE9" authorityName="Gravenhorst" authorityYear="1829" box="[520,674,338,364]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ophion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="merdarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F919842FFDBC3259B0A6FEE9" box="[520,674,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. merdarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may be a result of the restricted noctuid fauna in its habitat.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B3AF919842FFF09327FB359FE0A" author="Gauld I. D." box="[189,349,373,399]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="55 - 65" refId="ref11025" refString="Gauld I. D. 1973. Notes on the British Ophionini (Hym., Ichneumonidae) including a provisional key to species. Entomologist's Gazette 24: 55 - 65." type="journal article" year="1973">Gauld (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recorded
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F919842FFE63327CB071FE0A" baseAuthorityName="Holmgren" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[471,629,374,399]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="repentinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F919842FFE63327CB071FE0A" box="[471,629,374,399]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. repentinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a British species but, based on his description of the species as being coastal, and the lack of true
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F919842FFDC03293B114FE37" baseAuthorityName="Holmgren" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[628,784,409,434]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="repentinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F919842FFDC03293B114FE37" box="[628,784,409,434]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. repentinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the BMNH collections until recently, it seems he was describing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F919842FFEC732B6B008FE50" authorityName="Gravenhorst" authorityYear="1829" box="[371,524,443,469]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ophion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="merdarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F919842FFEC732B6B008FE50" box="[371,524,443,469]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. merdarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; in fact,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B3AF919842FFDC732B1B12AFE53" author="Sperring A. H." box="[627,814,443,470]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="19" refId="ref11649" refString="Sperring A. H. 1952. Enicospilus tournieri Fonsc. (repentinus Hlgr.) bred from larva of Agrotis ripae Hb. Transactions and Proceedings of the South London Entomological and Natural History Society 1951 (2): 19." type="journal article" year="1952">Sperring (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
had already published on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F919842FFBD632B6B6EFFE50" authorityName="Vollenhoven" authorityYear="1879" box="[1122,1259,444,469]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ophion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tournieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F919842FFBD632B6B6EFFE50" box="[1122,1259,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. tournieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a British species, with a host record (specimens in BMNH and BENHS).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF466643F919842FFF0934A7B773F86E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3837528" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3837528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3837528/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" startId="16.[189,231,1965,1991]" targetBox="[284,1326,591,1906]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636CBF919842FFF0934A7B773F86E" blockId="16.[189,1399,1965,2028]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F919842FFF0934A7B318F842" bold="true" box="[189,284,1965,1991]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 13.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitus.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F919842FFE2734A7B3ACF842" bold="true" box="[403,424,1965,1991]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F919842FFE0F34A7B1BFF84D" authority="(Gravenhorst, 1829)" baseAuthorityName="Gravenhorst" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[443,955,1965,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="merdarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F919842FFE0F34A7B0C5F842" box="[443,705,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Enicospilus merdarius</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B3AF919842FFD6034A7B1B7F84D" author="Gravenhorst J. L. C." box="[724,947,1965,1992]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref11233" refString="Gravenhorst J. L. C. 1829. Ichneumonologia Europaea. Pars II. Vratislaviae." type="book" year="1829">Gravenhorst, 1829</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ♀, Eastbourne, England, BMNH(E) 1022376.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F919842FFE9934DBB344F86E" bold="true" box="[301,320,2001,2027]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">B</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F919842FFEF834D8B0B1F869" authority="(Holmgren, 1860)" baseAuthorityName="Holmgren" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[332,693,2001,2028]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="repentinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F919842FFEF834D8B3E5F86E" box="[332,481,2002,2027]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. repentinus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B3AF919842FFE5A34DBB0A9F869" author="Holmgren A. E." box="[494,685,2001,2028]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 158" refId="ref11350" refString="Holmgren A. E. 1860. Forsok till uppstallning och beskrifning af de i Sverige funna Ophionider. (Monographia Ophionidum Sueciae). Kongliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar 2: 1 - 158." type="journal article" year="1860">Holmgren, 1860</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ♀,Aldbury, England, BMNH(E) 962208. Scale bars = 10 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3236540F918842CFF093201B639FD6B" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636CBF918842EFF093201B3AEFEA0" blockId="17.[189,426,267,293]" box="[189,426,267,293]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<heading id="D0CE81A7F918842EFF093201B3AEFEA0" bold="true" box="[189,426,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F918842EFF093201B3AEFEA0" bold="true" box="[189,426,267,293]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636CBF918842CFF093230B33CFEEB" blockId="17.[189,1399,313,516]" lastBlockId="19.[189,1399,267,366]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32E765BF918842EFF093230B34BFED1" box="[189,335,314,340]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">ENGLAND</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3FFD42F918842EFEE93230B388FED1" box="[349,396,314,340]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Dawlish Warren (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED28AE0EF918842EFDC53230B09FFED1" box="[625,667,314,340]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">VC</collectionCode>
|
||
3),
|
||
<date id="FF87100BF918842EFD7B3230B170FED1" box="[719,884,314,340]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1977-08-14">14 Aug. 1977</date>
|
||
(A.A. Allen) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED28AE0EF918842EFB933230B668FED1" box="[1063,1132,314,340]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/h8hj-4rxx" name="National Museum of Scotland - Natural Sciences" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">NMS</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 Ƌ, Winterton (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED28AE0EF918842EFAF83230B772FED1" box="[1356,1398,314,340]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">VC</collectionCode>
|
||
27), ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F918842EFEAD3257B3B2FEF3" baseAuthorityName="Hubner" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[281,438,349,375]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ripae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F918842EFEAD3257B3B2FEF3" box="[281,438,349,375]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Agrotis ripae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
coll. as larva
|
||
<date id="FF87100BF918842EFDD63257B0F7FEF2" box="[610,755,349,375]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1988-09-07">7 Sep. 1988</date>
|
||
, em. spring 1989 (J.M. Chalmers-Hunt) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED28AE0EF918842EFB513257B72EFEF2" box="[1253,1322,349,375]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/h8hj-4rxx" name="National Museum of Scotland - Natural Sciences" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">NMS</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3FFD42F918842EFAF53257B76BFEF2" box="[1345,1391,349,375]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 1 Ƌ, Hayling Island (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED28AE0EF918842EFE09328AB3E3FE1F" box="[445,487,384,410]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">VC</collectionCode>
|
||
11), ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F918842EFDF8328AB0A9FE1F" baseAuthorityName="Hubner" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[588,685,384,410]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ripae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F918842EFDF8328AB0A9FE1F" box="[588,685,384,410]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">A. ripae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
coll. as larvae, em.[dates presumed to be emergence dates] 28 Jul.,
|
||
<date id="FF87100BF918842EFEA832A9B3B9FE3B" box="[284,445,419,446]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1951-08-17">17 Aug. 1951</date>
|
||
(A.H. Sperring); 1 unsexed (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED28AE0EF918842EFCA232A9B144FE38" box="[790,832,419,445]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">VC</collectionCode>
|
||
11), ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F918842EFC1632A9B606FE38" baseAuthorityName="Hubner" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[930,1026,419,445]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ripae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F918842EFC1632A9B606FE38" box="[930,1026,419,445]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">A. ripae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
coll. as larva,
|
||
<date id="FF87100BF918842EFB1B32A9B728FE38" box="[1199,1324,419,445]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1931-08">Aug. 1931</date>
|
||
(A.H. Sperring); 1 Ƌ, East/West Wittering (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED28AE0EF918842EFDC232CCB0A4FE65" box="[630,672,454,480]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">VC</collectionCode>
|
||
13), ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F918842EFCB132CDB161FE65" baseAuthorityName="Hubner" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[773,869,455,481]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ripae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F918842EFCB132CDB161FE65" box="[773,869,455,481]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">A. ripae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
coll. as larva
|
||
<date id="FF87100BF918842EFBB932CCB6A4FE65" box="[1037,1184,454,480]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1932-08-04">4 Aug. 1932</date>
|
||
(A.J. Wightman);
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3FFD42F918842EFF0932E0B2EDFD81" box="[189,233,490,516]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Eastbourne (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED28AE0EF918842EFE3932E0B3B3FD81" box="[397,439,490,516]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">VC</collectionCode>
|
||
14),
|
||
<date id="FF87100BF918842EFE4732E0B074FD81" box="[499,624,490,516]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1900-08">Aug. 1900</date>
|
||
(C.G. Nurse);
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3FFD42F918842EFC9432E0B149FD81" box="[800,845,490,516]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Clacton (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED28AE0EF918842EFC7332E0B1F5FD81" box="[967,1009,490,516]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">VC</collectionCode>
|
||
19),
|
||
<date id="FF87100BF918842EFB9A32E0B6AEFD86" box="[1070,1194,489,516]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1926-08">Aug. 1926</date>
|
||
(Harwood); 1 Ƌ, Freshwater Bay [there are Freshwater Bays in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FDF829F91A842CFD563206B134FEA3" box="[738,816,268,294]" country="United Kingdom" name="Dorset" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Dorset</collectingRegion>
|
||
and on the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FDF829F91A842CFC083201B658FEA3" box="[956,1116,267,294]" country="United Kingdom" name="Isle of Wight" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Isle of Wight</collectingRegion>
|
||
], <1904 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED28AE0EF91A842CFB7F3201B6DBFEA0" box="[1227,1247,267,293]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">T</collectionCode>
|
||
.E. Marshall) (all
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED28AE0EF91A842CFF5E323AB343FECF" box="[234,327,304,330]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 Ƌ, Hayling Island (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED28AE0EF91A842CFDFA323AB07CFECF" box="[590,632,304,330]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">VC</collectionCode>
|
||
11), ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F91A842CFD60323AB136FECF" baseAuthorityName="Hubner" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[724,818,304,330]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ripae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F91A842CFD60323AB136FECF" box="[724,818,304,330]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">A. ripae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
coll. as larva, em.[?]
|
||
<date id="FF87100BF91A842CFB9E323AB6BDFECE" box="[1066,1209,304,331]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1951-08-05">5 Aug. 1951</date>
|
||
(A.H. Sperring) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED28AE0EF91A842CFF71325EB328FEEB" box="[197,300,340,366]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">BENHS</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF466643F918842EFF0934A7B747F86E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3837530" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3837530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3837530/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" startId="17.[189,232,1965,1991]" targetBox="[273,1322,595,1909]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636CBF918842EFF0934A7B747F86E" blockId="17.[189,1399,1965,2027]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F918842EFF0934A7B31DF842" bold="true" box="[189,281,1965,1991]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 14.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitus.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F918842EFE3D34A7B39AF842" bold="true" box="[393,414,1965,1991]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F918842EFE1834A7B1AAF84D" authority="(Gravenhorst, 1829)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Gravenhorst" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[428,942,1965,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="combustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F918842EFE1834A7B0B3F842" box="[428,695,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Enicospilus combustus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B3AF918842EFD7234A7B1A1F84D" author="Gravenhorst J. L. C." box="[710,933,1965,1992]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref11233" refString="Gravenhorst J. L. C. 1829. Ichneumonologia Europaea. Pars II. Vratislaviae." type="book" year="1829">Gravenhorst, 1829</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ♀, Bath, England, BMNH(E) 962204.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F918842EFF0934DBB2D5F86E" bold="true" box="[189,209,2001,2027]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">B</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F918842EFF6B34D8B04DF86E" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[223,585,2000,2027]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramidulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F918842EFF6B34D8B373F86E" box="[223,375,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">E. ramidulus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B3AF918842EFE3234DBB044F86E" author="Linnaeus C. von" box="[390,576,2000,2027]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref11464" refString="Linnaeus C. von 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Laurnetii Salvii, Holmiae." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ♀, Cornwall, England, BMNH(E) 962207. Scale bars = 10 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF466643F91B842DFF0934A7B703F86E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3837532" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3837532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3837532/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" startId="18.[189,232,1965,1991]" targetBox="[254,1329,330,1920]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636CBF91B842DFF0934A7B703F86E" blockId="18.[189,1399,1965,2027]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F91B842DFF0934A7B318F842" bold="true" box="[189,284,1965,1991]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 15.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitus.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F91B842DFE2734A7B3ACF842" bold="true" box="[403,424,1965,1991]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F91B842DFE0D34A7B15FF84D" authority="(Haller, 1885)" authorityName="Broad & Shaw" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Haller" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[441,859,1965,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F91B842DFE0D34A7B0A2F842" box="[441,678,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Enicospilus adustus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B3AF91B842DFD0C34A7B156F84D" author="Haller G." box="[696,850,1965,1992]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="194 - 203" refId="ref11250" refString="Haller G. 1885. Entomologische Notizen. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 7: 194 - 203. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 4553" type="journal article" year="1885">Haller, 1885</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ♀, Tentsmuir, Scotland, BMNH(E) 962202.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F91B842DFF0934DBB2D5F86E" bold="true" box="[189,209,2001,2027]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">B</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F91B842DFF6B34D8B025F86E" authority="Aubert, 1966" authorityName="Aubert" authorityYear="1966" box="[223,545,2001,2027]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cerebrator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F91B842DFF6B34D8B378F86E" box="[223,380,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">E. cerebrator</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B3AF91B842DFE3734DBB025F86E" author="Aubert J. - F." box="[387,545,2001,2027]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="37 - 46" refId="ref10836" refString="Aubert J. - F. 1966. Description de dix especes nouvelles s'ajoutant aux Ichneumonides de France et du Bassin mediterraneen. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de Mulhouse 1966 (mai-juin): 37 - 46." type="journal article" year="1966">Aubert, 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ♀, Calshot, England, BMNH(E) 962203. Scale bars = 10 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636CBF91A842CFF09329DB703FE34" blockId="19.[189,1287,407,434]" box="[189,1287,407,434]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32E765BF91A842CFF09329DB35AFE34" box="[189,350,407,433]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">SCOTLAND</collectingCountry>
|
||
: 1 Ƌ, St Cyrus NNR (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED28AE0EF91A842CFDEA329DB08CFE34" box="[606,648,407,433]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">VC</collectionCode>
|
||
91), ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F91A842CFD5D329DB6A1FE37" authority="em. Jul. 1993" authorityName="Jul." authorityYear="1993" box="[745,1189,407,434]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ripae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F91A842CFD5D329DB143FE34" box="[745,839,407,433]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">A. ripae</emphasis>
|
||
em. Jul. 1993 (A.J. Halstead)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED28AE0EF91A842CFB01329DB6FFFE34" box="[1205,1275,407,433]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/h8hj-4rxx" name="National Museum of Scotland - Natural Sciences" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="Museum">NMS</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636CBF91A842CFF5E32D3B04DFE76" blockId="19.[189,864,473,537]" box="[234,585,473,499]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F91A842CFF5E32D3B04DFE76" bold="true" box="[234,585,473,499]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Additional material in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED28AE0EF91A842CFDBC32D3B04DFE76" box="[520,585,473,499]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/h8hj-4rxx" name="National Museum of Scotland - Natural Sciences" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="Museum">NMS</collectionCode>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636CBF91A842CFF0932F4B164FD9D" blockId="19.[189,864,473,537]" box="[189,864,510,537]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32E765BF91A842CFF0932F4B35DFD9D" box="[189,345,510,536]" name="Bulgaria" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">BULGARIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3FFD42F91A842CFED032F4B3A3FD9C" box="[356,423,510,537]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="female">6 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 1 Ƌ, Aksakovo (C.W. Plant) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED28AE0EF91A842CFCBA32F4B150FD9D" box="[782,852,510,536]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/h8hj-4rxx" name="National Museum of Scotland - Natural Sciences" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="Museum">NMS</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636CBF91A842CFF09314BB639FD6B" blockId="19.[189,1399,577,750]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54828869F91A842CFF45314BB359FDDE" box="[241,349,577,603]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
Ƌ was supposedly collected in Netley,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FDF829F91A842CFC93314BB1A2FDDE" box="[807,934,577,603]" country="United Kingdom" name="Shropshire" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Shropshire</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B3AF91A842CFC01314BB645FDDE" author="Fitton M. G." box="[949,1089,577,603]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref10919" refString="Fitton M. G. 1984. Gravenhorst Ichneumonidae (Hym.) in Oxford. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 120: 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1984">Fitton 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but this locality has been ascribed to most of the British material sent by F.W. Hope to J.L.C. Gravenhorst and seems very unlikely to be the actual collection locality for this sand dune inhabitant: entomologists of that period seemed often to name their home town, presumably to identify specimens as theirs, on what might otherwise be taken as data labels (which were, to say the least, unfashionable at the time).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3236540F91A842CFF09301CB045FBDA" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636CBF91A842CFF09301CB32BFCB5" blockId="19.[189,303,790,816]" box="[189,303,790,816]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<heading id="D0CE81A7F91A842CFF09301CB32BFCB5" bold="true" box="[189,303,790,816]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F91A842CFF09301CB32BFCB5" bold="true" box="[189,303,790,816]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636CBF91A842CFF09304CB045FBDA" blockId="19.[189,1399,837,1119]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Most similar in the British fauna to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F91A842CFDDF304CB10DFCDA" baseAuthorityName="Holmgren" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[619,777,838,863]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="repentinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F91A842CFDDF304CB10DFCDA" box="[619,777,838,863]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">E. repentinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but larger (52–58 flagellar segments, n = 10, modal value 52) and with distinct differences in fore wing sclerites and venation; also the propodeum has rather different sculpture, with the rugosity more raised and thus making it less shiny than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F91A842CFB663085B76BFC2D" baseAuthorityName="Holmgren" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[1234,1391,911,936]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="repentinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F91A842CFB663085B76BFC2D" box="[1234,1391,911,936]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">E. repentinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Unlike in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F91A842CFE8330B9B3D0FC49" baseAuthorityName="Holmgren" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[311,468,947,972]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="repentinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F91A842CFE8330B9B3D0FC49" box="[311,468,947,972]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">E. repentinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, there are some rather vaguely defined pale yellow patches on the mesosoma (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13022A4EF91A842CFF7230DDB336FC74" box="[198,306,983,1009]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,231,1965,1991]" captionTargetBox="[284,1326,591,1906]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[246,1342,552,1925]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 13. Habitus. A. Enicospilus merdarius (Gravenhorst, 1829), ♀, Eastbourne, England, BMNH(E) 1022376. B. E. repentinus (Holmgren, 1860), ♀,Aldbury, England, BMNH(E) 962208. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3837528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3837528/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 13A</figureCitation>
|
||
). The non-British
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F91A842CFDB730DDB0FBFC74" authorityName="Viktorov" authorityYear="1957" box="[515,767,983,1009]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruciator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F91A842CFDB730DDB0FBFC74" box="[515,767,983,1009]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Enicospilus cruciator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar and the two species may well be confused in collections. Judging by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B3AF91A842CFE6030F1B0A2FB93" author="Viktorov G. A." box="[468,678,1019,1046]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="179 - 210" refId="ref11733" refString="Viktorov G. A. 1957. Species of the genus Enicospilus (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) Stephens in USSR. Entomologicheskoye Obozreniye 36: 179 - 210. [In Russian]" type="journal article" year="1957">Viktorov’s (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
key and photographs of a female and male of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54828869F91A842CFB4630F6B721FB93" box="[1266,1317,1020,1046]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F91A842CFF09372BB34FFBBF" authorityName="Viktorov" authorityYear="1957" box="[189,331,1057,1082]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruciator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F91A842CFF09372BB34FFBBF" box="[189,331,1057,1082]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">E. cruciator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D48F91A842CFE52372BB07AFBBF" baseAuthorityName="Gravenhorst" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[486,638,1056,1082]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="merdarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAD9F91A842CFE52372BB07AFBBF" box="[486,638,1056,1082]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">E. merdarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the longer, less narrowed temples (in dorsal view of the head) and the larger ocellar-ocular gap.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |