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<mods:title id="F55F2372665AEC960DB7D5D52AE501EB">Comparative morphology of female gonapophyses IX in Delphacidae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Fulgoromorpha) with key to tribes</mods:title>
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<treatment id="039087C3FFCCFFAC1388B73EA4360069" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5943500" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154366423" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5943500" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087C3FFCCFFAC1388B73EA4360069" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039087C3FFCCFFAC1388B73EA4360069" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="155" pageId="17" pageNumber="154">
<subSubSection id="C323655EFFCCFFAF1388B73EA1CB05FB" box="[151,491,1904,1930]" pageId="17" pageNumber="154" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8636D5FFCCFFAF1388B73EA1CB05FB" blockId="17.[151,491,1904,1930]" box="[151,491,1904,1930]" pageId="17" pageNumber="154">
<heading id="D0CE81B9FFCCFFAF1388B73EA1CB05FB" bold="true" box="[151,491,1904,1930]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="154" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCCFFAF1388B73EA1CB05FB" bold="true" box="[151,491,1904,1930]" pageId="17" pageNumber="154">
Tribe
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFCCFFAF13FDB73EA1CB05FB" authority="Wagner" authorityName="Wagner" authorityYear="1963" box="[226,491,1904,1930]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Stenocranini">Stenocranini Wagner</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="C323655EFFCCFFAC1388B7FAA4360069" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="155" pageId="17" pageNumber="154" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8636D5FFCCFFAC1388B7FAA4EE03F9" blockId="17.[151,1436,1972,2034]" lastBlockId="18.[151,1436,151,536]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="155" pageId="17" pageNumber="154">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCCFFAF1388B7FAA10105BC" bold="true" box="[151,289,1972,1997]" pageId="17" pageNumber="154">Description</emphasis>
. Gonapophyses IX mostly broad and spatulate dorsally, predominately curvilinear laterally (
<figureCitation id="13022A50FFCCFFAF1626B7FBA0950583" captionStart-0="FIGURE 11" captionStart-1="FIGURE 12" captionStart-2="FIGURE 13" captionStart-3="FIGURE 14" captionStartId-0="16.[151,250,1690,1712]" captionStartId-1="19.[151,250,1963,1985]" captionStartId-2="20.[151,250,1964,1986]" captionStartId-3="21.[151,250,1703,1725]" captionTargetBox-0="[188,1403,202,1621]" captionTargetBox-1="[150,1436,208,1914]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1435,208,1935]" captionTargetBox-3="[180,1397,227,1627]" captionTargetId-0="figure@16.[169,1418,193,1673]" captionTargetId-1="figure@19.[150,1436,208,1914]" captionTargetId-2="figure@20.[151,1435,208,1935]" captionTargetId-3="figure@21.[151,1436,193,1681]" captionTargetPageId-0="16" captionTargetPageId-1="19" captionTargetPageId-2="20" captionTargetPageId-3="21" captionText-0="FIGURE 11. Lateral and select dorsal views of gonapophysis IX of Stenocraninae I: Stenocranini: A) Embolophora monoceros; B) Frameus simatus; C) Stenocranus fuscovittatus;" captionText-1="FIGURE 12. Lateral and select dorsal views of gonapophysis IX of Stenocraninae II: Stenocranini: A) Stenocranus sp. (Kyrgyzstan); B) S. similis; C) S. agamopsyche." captionText-2="FIGURE 13. Lateral and select dorsal views of gonapophysis IX of Stenocraninae: Stenocranini III: A) Terauchiana singularis; B) Embolophora monoceros (dorsal); C) Frameus simatus (Dorsal); D) Stenocranus fuscovittatus (dorsal)." captionText-3="FIGURE 14. Lateral and select dorsal views of gonapophysis IX of Stenocraninae: Stenocranini III: A) Tanycranus elongatus, B. Stenocranus sp. (Kyrgyzstan)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/2588829/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/2588831/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/2588833/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/2588835/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="154">Figs 11 14</figureCitation>
), average length 844.711740.74 µm, width 45.56178.49 µm; teeth variable in shape and frequency, ranging from as a few as 12 on
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFCFFFAC1286B0D6A20302DE" authorityName="Fieber" authorityYear="1866" box="[409,547,152,175]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Stenocranus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCFFFAC1286B0D6A20302DE" box="[409,547,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="155">Stenocranus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (
<collectingCountry id="F32E7645FFCFFFAC1148B0D6A2FC02C1" box="[599,732,152,176]" name="Kyrgyzstan" pageId="18" pageNumber="155">Kyrgyzstan</collectingCountry>
,
<figureCitation id="13022A50FFCFFFAC11F8B0D9A36C02C1" box="[743,844,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1963,1985]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,208,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[150,1436,208,1914]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 12. Lateral and select dorsal views of gonapophysis IX of Stenocraninae II: Stenocranini: A) Stenocranus sp. (Kyrgyzstan); B) S. similis; C) S. agamopsyche." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2588831/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="155">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
) to 30 for
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFCFFFAC10DEB0D9A4FC02C1" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1855" box="[961,1244,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Embolophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monoceros">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCFFFAC10DEB0D9A4FC02C1" box="[961,1244,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="155">Embolophora monoceros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13022A50FFCFFFAC17F4B0D9A57102C1" box="[1259,1361,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1690,1712]" captionTargetBox="[188,1403,202,1621]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[169,1418,193,1673]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 11. Lateral and select dorsal views of gonapophysis IX of Stenocraninae I: Stenocranini: A) Embolophora monoceros; B) Frameus simatus; C) Stenocranus fuscovittatus;" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2588829/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="155">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
); teeth morphology varied from numerous short, sharp teeth; short and square-shaped; slanted and lobed; irregular-shaped flattened plates; notched teeth on distal half to third (
<figureCitation id="13022A50FFCFFFAC11E0B091A3A30289" box="[767,899,223,248]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 11" captionStart-1="FIGURE 12" captionStart-2="FIGURE 13" captionStart-3="FIGURE 14" captionStartId-0="16.[151,250,1690,1712]" captionStartId-1="19.[151,250,1963,1985]" captionStartId-2="20.[151,250,1964,1986]" captionStartId-3="21.[151,250,1703,1725]" captionTargetBox-0="[188,1403,202,1621]" captionTargetBox-1="[150,1436,208,1914]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1435,208,1935]" captionTargetBox-3="[180,1397,227,1627]" captionTargetId-0="figure@16.[169,1418,193,1673]" captionTargetId-1="figure@19.[150,1436,208,1914]" captionTargetId-2="figure@20.[151,1435,208,1935]" captionTargetId-3="figure@21.[151,1436,193,1681]" captionTargetPageId-0="16" captionTargetPageId-1="19" captionTargetPageId-2="20" captionTargetPageId-3="21" captionText-0="FIGURE 11. Lateral and select dorsal views of gonapophysis IX of Stenocraninae I: Stenocranini: A) Embolophora monoceros; B) Frameus simatus; C) Stenocranus fuscovittatus;" captionText-1="FIGURE 12. Lateral and select dorsal views of gonapophysis IX of Stenocraninae II: Stenocranini: A) Stenocranus sp. (Kyrgyzstan); B) S. similis; C) S. agamopsyche." captionText-2="FIGURE 13. Lateral and select dorsal views of gonapophysis IX of Stenocraninae: Stenocranini III: A) Terauchiana singularis; B) Embolophora monoceros (dorsal); C) Frameus simatus (Dorsal); D) Stenocranus fuscovittatus (dorsal)." captionText-3="FIGURE 14. Lateral and select dorsal views of gonapophysis IX of Stenocraninae: Stenocranini III: A) Tanycranus elongatus, B. Stenocranus sp. (Kyrgyzstan)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/2588829/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/2588831/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/2588833/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/2588835/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="155">Figs 1114</figureCitation>
). Pits or sensory structures near gonapophyses margins, sometimes (in dorsal view) concentrated near center (
<figureCitation id="13022A50FFCFFFAC106FB14AA3FA036D" box="[880,986,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1690,1712]" captionTargetBox="[188,1403,202,1621]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[169,1418,193,1673]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 11. Lateral and select dorsal views of gonapophysis IX of Stenocraninae I: Stenocranini: A) Embolophora monoceros; B) Frameus simatus; C) Stenocranus fuscovittatus;" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2588829/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="155">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
). Specialized features include nodulate teeth on
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFCFFFAC13E7B166A1A1034E" authorityName="Fieber" authorityYear="1866" box="[248,385,296,319]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Stenocranus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCFFFAC13E7B166A1A1034E" box="[248,385,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="155">Stenocranus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (
<collectingCountry id="F32E7645FFCFFFAC12A7B166A21E0331" box="[440,574,296,320]" name="Kyrgyzstan" pageId="18" pageNumber="155">Kyrgyzstan</collectingCountry>
;
<figureCitation id="13022A50FFCFFFAC1156B169A2910331" box="[585,689,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1963,1985]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,208,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[150,1436,208,1914]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 12. Lateral and select dorsal views of gonapophysis IX of Stenocraninae II: Stenocranini: A) Stenocranus sp. (Kyrgyzstan); B) S. similis; C) S. agamopsyche." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2588831/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="155">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
); lateral teeth and a greatly projecting conical apex on
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFCFFFAC1605B167A1240314" authorityName="Bartlett" authorityYear="2010" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Tanycranus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongatus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCFFFAC1605B167A1240314" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="155">Tanycranus elongatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13022A50FFCFFFAC1209B102A1A10315" box="[278,385,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1703,1725]" captionTargetBox="[180,1397,227,1627]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,193,1681]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Lateral and select dorsal views of gonapophysis IX of Stenocraninae: Stenocranini III: A) Tanycranus elongatus, B. Stenocranus sp. (Kyrgyzstan)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2588835/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="155">Fig. 14A</figureCitation>
); and three Old World genera [viz.,
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFCFFFAC1038B103A3E30315" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1855" box="[807,963,333,356]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Embolophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monoceros">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCFFFAC1038B103A3180315" box="[807,824,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="155">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCFFFAC1056B103A3E30315" box="[841,963,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="155">monoceros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13022A50FFCFFFAC10CAB102A41F0315" box="[981,1087,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1690,1712]" captionTargetBox="[188,1403,202,1621]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[169,1418,193,1673]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 11. Lateral and select dorsal views of gonapophysis IX of Stenocraninae I: Stenocranini: A) Embolophora monoceros; B) Frameus simatus; C) Stenocranus fuscovittatus;" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2588829/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="155">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFCFFFAC1749B102A57C0314" authorityName="Matsumura" authorityYear="1915" box="[1110,1372,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Terauchiana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singularis">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCFFFAC1749B102A57C0314" box="[1110,1372,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="155">Terauchiana singularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13022A50FFCFFFAC1671B102A0EA03F9" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1964,1986]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,208,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1435,208,1935]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Lateral and select dorsal views of gonapophysis IX of Stenocraninae: Stenocranini III: A) Terauchiana singularis; B) Embolophora monoceros (dorsal); C) Frameus simatus (Dorsal); D) Stenocranus fuscovittatus (dorsal)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2588833/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="155">Fig. 13A</figureCitation>
), and
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFCFFFAC1211B13EA1E303F9" authorityName="Kirkaldy" authorityYear="1906" box="[270,451,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Stenocranus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agamopsyche">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCFFFAC1211B13EA1E303F9" box="[270,451,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="155">S. agamopsyche</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13022A50FFCFFFAC12CEB121A21703F9" box="[465,567,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1963,1985]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,208,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[150,1436,208,1914]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 12. Lateral and select dorsal views of gonapophysis IX of Stenocraninae II: Stenocranini: A) Stenocranus sp. (Kyrgyzstan); B) S. similis; C) S. agamopsyche." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2588831/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="155">Fig. 12C</figureCitation>
)] with concavity between teeth and shaft of gonapophyses.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636D5FFCFFFAC13D8B1DAA4360069" blockId="18.[151,1436,151,536]" pageId="18" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCFFFAC13D8B1DAA13103DD" bold="true" box="[199,273,404,428]" pageId="18" pageNumber="155">Notes.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFCFFFAC1205B1DAA18703DC" authorityName="Wagner" authorityYear="1963" box="[282,423,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Stenocranini">Stenocranini</taxonomicName>
is composed of 10 genera in 93 species. The greatest diversity of the tribe is Holarctic, especially Asia, with few taxa in the southern Hemisphere (e.g.,
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFCFFFAC106BB1F9A46103A1" authority="Stal" authorityName="Stal" box="[884,1089,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Embolophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCFFFAC106BB1F9A42E03A1" box="[884,1038,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="155">Embolophora</emphasis>
Stål
</taxonomicName>
in Africa,
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFCFFFAC17A1B1F7A5BC03A1" authority="Bartlett" authorityName="Bartlett" box="[1214,1436,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Tanycranus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCFFFAC17A1B1F7A56003A1" box="[1214,1344,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="155">Tanycranus</emphasis>
Bartlett
</taxonomicName>
in South America) (
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,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B24FFCFFFAC1106B192A2430385" author="Bartlett, C. R." box="[537,611,476,500]" pageId="18" pageNumber="155" pagination="443 - 486" refId="ref11650" refString="Bartlett, C. R. (2010 a, dated 2009) Diversity in New World stenocranine Planthoppers (Hemiptera: Delphacidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 135 (4), 443 - 486." type="journal article" year="2010">2010a</bibRefCitation>
). Host associations are almost exclusively graminoids, with some species reported on ferns, and
<taxonomicName id="4C394D56FFCFFFAC128BB24FA22A0069" box="[404,522,513,536]" class="Equisetopsida" family="Equisetaceae" genus="Equisetum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Equisetales" pageId="18" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCFFFAC128BB24FA22A0069" box="[404,522,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="155">Equisetum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(horsetail) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B24FFCFFFAC118DB1B1A3160069" author="Bartlett, C. R." box="[658,822,511,536]" pageId="18" pageNumber="155" pagination="443 - 486" refId="ref11650" refString="Bartlett, C. R. (2010 a, dated 2009) Diversity in New World stenocranine Planthoppers (Hemiptera: Delphacidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 135 (4), 443 - 486." type="journal article" year="2010">Bartlett 2010a</bibRefCitation>
,
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Urban
<emphasis id="B94DEAC7FFCFFFAC1091B24FA3E70069" box="[910,967,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="155">et al.</emphasis>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>