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<mods:title id="7558A9E724A9F806B303774CECC60E77">Review of Rhabdiasidae (Nematoda) from the Holarctic</mods:title>
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<treatment id="039087A9FFEEFFD109F0F895AFB4C887" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5262587" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5262587" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A9FFEEFFD109F0F895AFB4C887" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039087A9FFEEFFD109F0F895AFB4C887" lastPageId="68" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<subSubSection id="C3236534FFEEFFD409F0F895AD7CCD05" box="[151,569,1874,1900]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFFEEFFD409F0F895AD7CCD05" blockId="65.[151,569,1874,1933]" box="[151,569,1874,1900]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<heading id="D0CE81D3FFEEFFD409F0F895AD7CCD05" bold="true" box="[151,569,1874,1900]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFFEEFFD409F0F895AD7CCD05" ID-CoL="9BX9J" authority="Kuzmin, 2003" authorityName="Kuzmin" authorityYear="2003" box="[151,569,1874,1900]" class="Chromadorea" family="Rhabdiasidae" genus="Rhabdias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="japalurae">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFFEEFFD409F0F895AD7CCD05" bold="true" box="[151,569,1874,1900]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFFEEFFD409F0F895AEC1CD05" bold="true" box="[151,388,1874,1900]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Rhabdias japalurae</emphasis>
Kuzmin, 2003
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3236534FFEEFFD109F0F8B2AFB4C887" lastPageId="68" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFFEEFFD409F0F8B2AFBCCDE4" blockId="65.[151,569,1874,1933]" box="[151,249,1909,1933]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
(
<figureCitation id="13022A3AFFEEFFD409F8F8B2AFB4CDE4" box="[159,241,1909,1933]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="67.[151,250,1500,1523]" captionTargetBox="[157,1412,212,1453]" captionTargetId="figure-219@67.[151,1436,193,1479]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURE 36. R. japalurae. A—general view (after Hasegawa &amp; Iwatsuki 1984); B—head end, lateral view; C—head end, apical view; D—tail end, lateral view; E—anterior part of body, lateral view. Scale bars: A—1 mm; B, C—0.1 mm; D—0.2 mm; E—0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5262704" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5262704/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFFEEFFD409F0F879ACFFCDBC" blockId="65.[151,954,1981,2005]" box="[151,954,1981,2005]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
Hosts:
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFFEEFFD40982F87AAE8ACDBC" baseAuthorityName="Hallowell" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[229,463,1981,2005]" class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Japalura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polygonata">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFFEEFFD40982F87AAE8ACDBC" box="[229,463,1981,2005]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Japalura polygonata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFFEEFFD408BAF879AD2DCDBC" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1864" box="[477,616,1981,2005]" class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Japalura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="swinhonis">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFFEEFFD408BAF879AD2DCDBC" box="[477,616,1981,2005]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">J. swinhonis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFFEEFFD40B11F87AAD90CDBC" box="[630,725,1981,2005]" class="Reptilia" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="class">Reptilia</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFFEEFFD40BB8F87AAC6ECDBC" box="[735,811,1981,2005]" class="Reptilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="65" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Sauria">Sauria</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFFEEFFD40A51F87AACEBCDBC" box="[822,942,1981,2005]" class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Agamidae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF466637FFEDFFD709F0F85AADCBCD98" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5262702" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5262702" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5262702/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" startId="66.[151,250,1949,1972]" targetBox="[177,1409,205,1914]" targetPageId="66">
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFFEDFFD709F0F85AADCBCD98" blockId="66.[151,1436,1949,2033]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFFEDFFD709F0F85AAE67CDDD" bold="true" box="[151,290,1949,1972]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">FIGURE 35.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFFEDFFD7084CF859AE91CDDD" authorityName="Kung et Wu" authorityYear="1945" box="[299,468,1950,1972]" class="Chromadorea" family="Rhabdiasidae" genus="Rhabdias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="globocephala">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFFEDFFD7084CF859AE91CDDD" box="[299,468,1950,1972]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">R. globocephala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A—general view; B—anterior part of body, lateral view; C—head end, dorso-ventral view; D—head end, lateral view; E—head end, apical view; F—tail end, lateral view; G—region of vulva, lateral view. Scale bars: A—0.3 mm; B, C, E...G—0.1 mm; D—0.05 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF466637FFECFFD609F0FA1BAE0CCC46" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5262704" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5262704" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5262704/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" startId="67.[151,250,1500,1523]" targetBox="[157,1412,212,1453]" targetPageId="67">
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFFECFFD609F0FA1BAE0CCC46" blockId="67.[151,1436,1500,1583]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFFECFFD609F0FA1BAE67CF9A" bold="true" box="[151,290,1500,1523]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">FIGURE 36.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFFECFFD6084CFA1AAEE9CF9B" authorityName="Kuzmin" authorityYear="2003" box="[299,428,1500,1522]" class="Chromadorea" family="Rhabdiasidae" genus="Rhabdias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="japalurae">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFFECFFD6084CFA1AAEE9CF9B" box="[299,428,1500,1522]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">R. japalurae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A—general view (after
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFFECFFD60BD3FA1AAC9CCF9B" author="Hasegawa, H. &amp; Iwatsuki, N." box="[692,985,1500,1522]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="18 - 26" refId="ref42116" refString="Hasegawa, H. &amp; Iwatsuki, N. (1984) Helminth fauna of the tree lizard, Japalura polygonata in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. Akamata, 2, 18 - 26. (In Japanese)." type="journal article" year="1984">Hasegawa &amp; Iwatsuki 1984</bibRefCitation>
); B—head end, lateral view; C—head end, apical view; D—tail end, lateral view; E—anterior part of body, lateral view. Scale bars: A—1 mm; B, C—0.1 mm; D—0.2 mm; E—0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFFECFFD609A0F99BAE00CC1D" blockId="67.[151,1436,1628,2012]" box="[199,325,1628,1652]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Site: lungs.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFFECFFD609A0F947AD81CCF1" blockId="67.[151,1436,1628,2012]" box="[199,708,1664,1688]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
Distribution:
<collectingRegion id="49FDF85DFFECFFD6083AF947AE87CCF1" box="[349,450,1664,1688]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
Island,
<collectingCountry id="F32E762FFFECFFD60B7CF946AD1BCCF1" box="[539,606,1665,1688]" name="Japan" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Japan</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="F32E762FFFECFFD60B0DF947AD85CCF1" box="[618,704,1664,1688]" name="Taiwan" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFFECFFD109A0F963AE7DCB75" blockId="67.[151,1436,1628,2012]" lastBlockId="68.[151,1437,151,356]" lastPageId="68" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
Description (after Kuzmin 2003, modified). Comparatively large species. Body length 13.790 (9.77516.0) mm, width 479 (423600). Head end truncated, tail end tapered. Body cuticle swollen and covered with irregular transverse folds. Cuticle on anterior-most body part relatively thin and clearly separated from the following wide cuticular swelling in region of oesophagus midlength. Oral opening round. Six circumoral lips small, equal in shape and size. Dense circumoral cuticular ring present. Buccal capsule cup-like, 28 (2630) wide, 18 (1420) deep. Oesophagus elongated, club-shaped, 1.263 (
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D5078FFECFFD60B83F89FAC61CD19" box="[740,804,1880,1904]" degrees="0.921" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" precision="55" value="0.921">0.921</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D5078FFECFFD60A43F89FAC36CD19" box="[804,883,1880,1904]" degrees="1.530" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" precision="55" value="-1.53">1.530</geoCoordinate>
) mm long (9.4 [8.012.1] % of body length). Muscular part of oesophagus relatively short. Width of oesophagus anterior end 57 (5265), width of posterior bulb 114 (100125). Nerve ring situated 226 (191282) from oesophagus anterior end (18.2 [15.820.7] % of oesophagus length). Vulva transverse, slit-like, vulva lips reduced. Distance from anterior end to vulva 7.237 (
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D5078FFEBFFD109F9FF50AFA5CAC6" box="[158,224,151,175]" degrees="4.850" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" precision="55" value="4.85">4.850</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D5078FFEBFFD10987FF50AE6BCAC6" box="[224,302,151,175]" degrees="8.713" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" precision="55" value="-8.713">8.713</geoCoordinate>
) mm (52.4 [49.654.5] % of body length). Uteri thin-walled, filled with numerous (more than 100) eggs. Egg size 112115 × 5565 (after
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFFEBFFD10B2FFF7BACD6CABD" author="Hasegawa, H. &amp; Iwatsuki, N." box="[584,915,188,212]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" pagination="18 - 26" refId="ref42116" refString="Hasegawa, H. &amp; Iwatsuki, N. (1984) Helminth fauna of the tree lizard, Japalura polygonata in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. Akamata, 2, 18 - 26. (In Japanese)." type="journal article" year="1984">Hasegawa and Iwatsuki 1984</bibRefCitation>
). Most eggs containing fully developed larvae. Tail conical, 281 (207326) long (2.1 [1.82.4] % of body length). Tail end tapered. Swollen cuticle covering entire surface of tail.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFFEBFFD109A0FEE0AB46CB56" blockId="68.[151,1437,151,356]" box="[199,1027,295,320]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<materialsCitation id="3B513CE2FFEBFFD109A0FEE0ACBACB56" box="[199,1023,295,320]" collectionCode="SIZK, USNPC" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" specimenCount="13">
Material studied:
<specimenCount id="9D3FFD36FFEBFFD108EBFEE0AD66CB56" box="[396,547,295,319]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="generic">13 specimens</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED28AE7AFFEBFFD10B54FEE0AD30CB56" box="[563,629,295,319]" country="Ukraine" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c442-9tdv" name="Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">SIZK</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED28AE7AFFEBFFD10BE7FEE0AD99CB56" box="[640,732,295,319]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ppqr-es1r" name="United States National Parasite Collection" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="Museum">USNPC</collectionCode>
) including the
<typeStatus id="5482881DFFEBFFD10AE2FEEFACF0CB29" box="[901,949,296,320]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">type</typeStatus>
series
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFFEBFFD109A0FE8BAC2ACB0D" blockId="68.[151,1437,151,356]" box="[199,879,332,356]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
References:
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFFEBFFD10835FE8BADF5CB0D" author="Hasegawa, H. &amp; Iwatsuki, N." box="[338,688,332,356]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" pagination="18 - 26" refId="ref42116" refString="Hasegawa, H. &amp; Iwatsuki, N. (1984) Helminth fauna of the tree lizard, Japalura polygonata in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. Akamata, 2, 18 - 26. (In Japanese)." type="journal article" year="1984">Hasegawa and Iwatsuki (1984)</bibRefCitation>
, Kuzmin (2003).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFFEBFFD109F0FE70AD2DCBB8" blockId="68.[151,616,439,465]" box="[151,616,439,465]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFFEBFFD109F0FE70AD2DCBB8" bold="true" box="[151,616,439,465]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFFEBFFD10989FE70AD2DCBB8" authority="Hasegawa, 1989" authorityName="Hasegawa" authorityYear="1989" box="[238,616,439,465]" class="Secernentea" family="Rhabdiasidae" genus="Neoentomelas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFFEBFFD10989FE70AEDCCBB8" bold="true" box="[238,409,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Neoentomelas</emphasis>
Hasegawa, 1989
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFFEBFFD109F0FE38AD24C87F" blockId="68.[151,1437,510,750]" box="[151,609,510,535]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<typeStatus id="5482881DFFEBFFD109F0FE38AF8BC87E" box="[151,206,511,535]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFFEBFFD10852FE38AD18C87F" authority="Hasegawa, 1989" authorityName="Hasegawa" authorityYear="1989" box="[309,605,510,535]" class="Secernentea" family="Rhabdiasidae" genus="Neoentomelas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="asatoi">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFFEBFFD10852FE38AEDCC87F" box="[309,409,511,534]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">N. asatoi</emphasis>
Hasegawa, 1989
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFFEBFFD109A0FDE5AFB4C887" blockId="68.[151,1437,510,750]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Diagnosis (after Hasegawa 1989). Cephalic end hemispherical. Massive dorsoventral lips (pseudolabia) with well-developed muscular and hypodermal tissues present. Each lip with 2 double papillae and 2 minute single papillae; amphids near corners of mouth. Posterior extremity of each labium projected outwards forming 1 median and 2 lateral round lobes. Buccal capsule globular, well-developed, thick-walled, and slightly indented laterally. Onchia absent. Oesophagus club-shaped. Eggs thin-shelled and uncleaved at deposition. Parasitic in the lungs of reptiles.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>