792 lines
101 KiB
XML
792 lines
101 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="CB963F46DF857C8A66F39435543F76E0">A taxonomic revision of Northeast Pacific softnose skates (Rajiformes: Arhynchobatidae: Bathyraja Ishiyama)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="038987A49328FFFC73D5FF23CE2408DB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6958249" ID-GBIF-Taxon="198574588" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6958249" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038987A49328FFFC73D5FF23CE2408DB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038987A49328FFFC73D5FF23CE2408DB" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<paragraph id="8B9F36B29328FFF773D5FF23CEEC0B87" blockId="19.[151,713,151,249]" box="[151,713,151,178]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<heading id="D0D781DE9328FFF773D5FF23CEEC0B87" bold="true" box="[151,713,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C204D319328FFF773D5FF23CEEC0B87" ID-CoL="5WDZ9" authority="(Gill & Townsend, 1897)" baseAuthorityName="Gill & Townsend" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[151,713,151,178]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
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<emphasis id="B954EAA09328FFF773D5FF23CEEC0B87" bold="true" box="[151,713,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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Bathyraja interrupta (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF772E3FF23CEE40B87" author="Gill, T. H. & Townsend, C. H." box="[417,705,151,177]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="231 - 234" refId="ref39690" refString="Gill, T. H. & Townsend, C. H. (1897) Diagnoses of new species of fishes found in Bering Sea. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 11 (1), 231 - 234." type="journal article" year="1897">Gill & Townsend, 1897</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33A65399328FFF773D5FF0FCD0D0BCF" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9F36B29328FFF773D5FF0FCDFE0BE3" blockId="19.[151,713,151,249]" box="[151,475,187,213]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<figureCitation id="131B2A379328FFF773D5FF0FCD1F0BE3" box="[151,314,187,213]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 11" captionStart-1="FIGURE 12" captionStart-2="FIGURE 13" captionStartId-0="19.[151,250,1888,1912]" captionStartId-1="20.[151,250,1021,1045]" captionStartId-2="20.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox-0="[586,1012,1179,1862]" captionTargetBox-1="[540,1048,189,997]" captionTargetBox-2="[451,1130,1170,1925]" captionTargetId-0="figure-432@19.[569,1019,1165,1864]" captionTargetId-1="figure-24@20.[525,1063,181,997]" captionTargetId-2="figure-55@20.[373,1215,1141,1948]" captionTargetPageId-0="19" captionTargetPageId-1="20" captionTargetPageId-2="20" captionText-0="FIGURE 11. Bathyraja interrupta, PSRC BSPP-A 01, 710 mm TL, mature male, dorsal view, fresh. Photo by Diane Haas (MLML). Scale bar = 70 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 12. Bathyraja interrupta, PSRC BSPP-A 01, 710 mm TL, mature male, ventral view, fresh. Photo by Diane Haas (MLML). Scale bar = 70 mm." captionText-2="FIGURE 13. Bathyraja interrupta, lectotype, USNM 48760, mature male, ventral view, preserved. Photo by D.A. Ebert." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601300" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601302" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601304" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6601300/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6601302/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/6601304/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figures 11–13</figureCitation>
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;
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<tableCitation id="C6A203099328FFF77207FF0FCD810BE3" box="[325,420,187,213]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="23.[151,239,579,603]" captionTargetBox="[163,1042,638,1997]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="TABLE 3. Morphometrics for Bathyraja interrupta expressed as % of total length (n = 16)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5F663A932CFFF373D5FDF7C84C096D" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" tableUuid="DF5F663A932CFFF373D5FDF7C84C096D">Tables 3</tableCitation>
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,
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<tableCitation id="C6A203099328FFF772F3FF0FCDFE0BE3" box="[433,475,187,213]" captionStart-0="TABLE 8" captionStart-1="TABLE 9" captionStartId-0="50.[151,239,565,591]" captionStartId-1="58.[151,239,1268,1292]" captionTargetPageId-0="50" captionTargetPageId-1="58" captionText-0="TABLE 8. Meristics for the seven Bathyraja species in this study." captionText-1="TABLE 9. Cranial morphometrics for Bathyraja species expressed as a % of total length. Measurementsfor B. spinosissima were not available." httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5F663A9309FFD673D5FD81CF7D0979" httpUri-1="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5F663A9301FFDE73D5FB40CD470E06" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" tableUuid-0="DF5F663A9309FFD673D5FD81CF7D0979" tableUuid-1="DF5F663A9301FFDE73D5FB40CD470E06">8–9</tableCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9F36B29328FFF773D5FF6BCD0D0BCF" blockId="19.[151,713,151,249]" box="[151,296,223,249]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Bering Skate</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF773D5FE90CE450A0A" author="Gill, T. H. & Townsend, C. H." box="[151,608,292,316]" page="232" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1897">
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<taxonomicName id="4C204D319328FFF773D5FE90CE450A0A" authority="Gill & Townsend, 1897: 232" authorityName=": Gill & Townsend" authorityPageNumber="232" authorityYear="1897" box="[151,608,292,316]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Raja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
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<emphasis id="B954EAA09328FFF773D5FE90CD100A0D" box="[151,309,292,315]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Raja interrupta</emphasis>
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[
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of the
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of
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] v. 11.
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:
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(1, poor condition; designated herein).
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:
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<specimenCode id="DB869EC99328FFF77078FEFCCFEC0A69" box="[826,969,327,352]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="Museum">USNM 48761</specimenCode>
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(1).
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<taxonomicName id="4C204D319328FFF773D5FED3CE540A48" authority=": Gill & Townsend, 1897: 232" authorityName=": Gill & Townsend" authorityPageNumber="232" authorityYear="1897" box="[151,625,358,382]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Raja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
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<emphasis id="B954EAA09328FFF773D5FED3CD130A48" box="[151,310,359,382]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Raja interrupta</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF7713FFED2CFEA0A48" author="Jordan, D. S. & Evermann, B. W." box="[637,975,358,382]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="2183 - 3136" refId="ref40750" refString="Jordan, D. S. & Evermann, B. W. (1898) The fishes of North and Middle America: a descriptive catalogue of the species of fishlike vertebrates found in the waters of North America, north of the Isthmus of Panama. Part III. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 47, 2183 - 3136. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 39716" type="journal article" year="1898">
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& Evermann, 1898: 2751
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(compiled);
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF77717FED2C9630A48" author="Jordan, D. S. & Gilbert, C. H." box="[1109,1350,358,382]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="433 - 492" refId="ref40829" refString="Jordan, D. S. & Gilbert, C. H. (1899) The fishes of Bering Sea. In: Jordan, D. S. (Ed.), Fur seals, and fur-seal islands of the North Pacific Ocean. Government Printing Office, Washington D. C., 433 - 492. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 1105" type="book chapter" year="1899">
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& Gilbert, 1899
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(listed):
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF77385FE31CD410AAB" author="Berg, L. S." box="[199,356,389,413]" page="96" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1911">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF77385FE31CD410AAB" author="Berg, L. S." box="[199,356,389,413]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref37098" refString="Berg, L. S. (1911) Faune de la Russie et des pays limitrophes. Poissons (Marsipobranchii et Pisces). Vol. 1. Marsipobranchii, Selachii et Chondrostei, St. Petersburg, 337 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 140360" type="book" year="1911">Berg, 1911: 96</bibRefCitation>
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(description, key);
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF77177FE31CF250AAB" author="Garman, S." box="[565,768,389,413]" page="345" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1913">
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(compiled);
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF770CBFE31C86F0AAB" author="Fowler, H. W." box="[905,1098,389,413]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="481 - 508" refId="ref39350" refString="Fowler, H. W. (1930) A list of the sharks and rays of the Pacific Ocean. Proceedings of the 4 th Pacific Science Congress, Java 1929, 3, 481 - 508." type="journal article" year="1930">Fowler, 1930: 502</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(listed);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF777EEFE31C9B90AAB" author="Jordan, D. S. & Evermann, B. W. & Clark, H. W." box="[1196,1436,389,413]" page="26" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1930">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF777EEFE31C9B90AAB" author="Jordan, D. S. & Evermann, B. W. & Clark, H. W." box="[1196,1436,389,413]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 670" refId="ref40904" refString="Jordan, D. S., Evermann, B. W. & Clark, H. W. (1930) Check list of the fishes and fishlike vertebrates of North and Middle America north of the northern boundary of Venezuela and Colombia. Report of the United States Commissioner of Fisheries, 1928 (2), 1 - 670." type="journal article" year="1930">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33776229328FFF777EEFE31C8D50AAB" box="[1196,1264,389,413]" name="Jordan" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Jordan</collectingCountry>
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09328FFF777BBFE32C9150AAB" box="[1273,1328,389,413]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1930: 26
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(listed);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF77259FE10CE710A8A" author="Soldatov, V. K. & Lindberg, G. U." box="[283,596,420,444]" page="22" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1930">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF77259FE10CE710A8A" author="Soldatov, V. K. & Lindberg, G. U." box="[283,596,420,444]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 576" refId="ref43392" refString="Soldatov, V. K. & Lindberg, G. U. (1930) Survey of the fishes of the Far Eastern Seas. Izvestiya Tikhookeanskogo Nauchno- Issledovaterskogo Instituta Rybnogo Khozaistva i Okeanografii, 5, 1 - 576." type="journal article" year="1930">Soldatov & Lindberg, 1930: 22</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(compiled);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF77197FE10CFB50A8D" author="Taranetz, A. Y." box="[725,912,419,444]" page="51" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1937">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF77197FE10CFB50A8D" author="Taranetz, A. Y." box="[725,912,419,444]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 200" refId="ref44049" refString="Taranetz, A. Y. (1937) Handbook for identification of fishes of Soviet Far East and adjacent waters. Bulletins of the Pacific Science Institute, 11, 1 - 200." type="journal article" year="1937">Taranetz, 1937: 51</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(key);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF7709AFE10C8B50A8A" author="Fowler, H. W." box="[984,1168,420,444]" page="394" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1941">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF7709AFE10C8B50A8A" author="Fowler, H. W." box="[984,1168,420,444]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 879" refId="ref39389" refString="Fowler, H. W. (1941) The fishes of the groups Elasmobranchii, Holocephali, Isospondyli, and Ostariophysi obtained by the United States Bureau of Fisheries steamer " Albatross " in 1907 to 1910, chiefly in the Phillippines Islands and adjacent seas. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 100 (13), 1 - 879." type="journal article" year="1941">Fowler, 1941: 394</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(compiled);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF77653FE10CD310AEC" author="Quast, L. C. & Hall, E. L." page="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1972">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF77653FE10CD310AEC" author="Quast, L. C. & Hall, E. L." pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref42600" refString="Quast, L. C. & Hall, E. L. (1972) List of fishes of Alaska and adjacent waters with a guide to some of their literature. NOAA Technical Report NMFS SSRF- 658, Seattle, Washington, 47 pp." type="book" year="1972">Quast & Hall, 1972: 4</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(listed);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF7722DFE76CE000AEC" author="Ricker, W. E." box="[367,549,450,474]" page="228" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1973">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF7722DFE76CE000AEC" author="Ricker, W. E." box="[367,549,450,474]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref42716" refString="Ricker, W. E. (1973) Russian-English dictionary for student of fisheries and aquatic biology. Bulletin - Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Ottawa, 428 pp." type="book" year="1973">Ricker, 1973: 228</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(listed);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF771C2FE76CF650AEC" author="Robins, C. R. & Bailey, R. M. & Bond, C. E. & Brooker, J. R. & Lachner, E. A. & Lea, R. N. & Scott, W. B." box="[640,832,450,474]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref42825" refString="Robins, C. R., Bailey, R. M., Bond, C. E., Brooker, J. R., Lachner, E. A., Lea, R. N. & Scott, W. B. (1980) A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. 4 th Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication, Bethesda, Maryland, 174 pp." type="book" year="1980">
|
||
Robins
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09328FFF7718CFE77CEDE0AEC" box="[718,763,450,474]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1980
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(listed).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B29328FFF773D5FE56CE90092E" blockId="19.[151,1437,292,781]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB30119C9328FFF773D5FE56CE90092E" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF773D5FE56CE960ACF" author="Lindberg, G. U. & Legeza, M. I." box="[151,691,481,505]" page="130" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1959">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319328FFF773D5FE56CE960ACF" authority=": Lindberg & Legeza, 1959: 130" authorityName="Lindberg & Legeza" authorityPageNumber="130" authorityYear="1959" box="[151,691,481,505]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Breviraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09328FFF773D5FE56CD430ACF" box="[151,358,482,505]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Breviraja interrupta</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF77236FE55CE960ACF" author="Lindberg, G. U. & Legeza, M. I." box="[372,691,481,505]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref41329" refString="Lindberg, G. U. & Legeza, M. I. (1959) Fishes of the Sea of Japan and the adjacent areas of the Sea of Okhotsk and the Yellow Sea. Part 1. Amphioxi Petromyzones Myxini Elasmobranchii Holocephali. Keys to the Fauna of the USSR, Moscow, 198 pp." type="book" year="1959">Lindberg & Legeza, 1959: 130</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 82 (compiled);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF770C5FE55C8650ACF" author="Uyeno, T." box="[903,1088,481,505]" page="417" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1965">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF770C5FE55C8650ACF" author="Uyeno, T." box="[903,1088,481,505]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="402 - 420" refId="ref44129" refString="Uyeno, T. (1965) The fishes adjacent to Hokkaido. 8. Skates. Monthly Report of the Hokkaido Prefecture Fishery, 22 (9), 402 - 420." type="journal article" year="1965">Uyeno, 1965: 417</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(reference);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF77787FE55CD05092E" author="Okada, S. & Kobayashi, K." page="41" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1968">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF77787FE55CD05092E" author="Okada, S. & Kobayashi, K." pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref42025" refString="Okada, S. & Kobayashi, K. (1968) Illustrations and descriptions of the fishes of the northern seas. Sanseido, Tokyo, 179 pp." type="book" year="1968">Okada & Kobayashi, 1968: 41</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(description);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF772F4FDB4CE7A092E" author="Uyeno, T." box="[438,607,512,536]" page="70" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1971">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF772F4FDB4CE7A092E" author="Uyeno, T." box="[438,607,512,536]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="61 - 102" refId="ref44163" refString="Uyeno, T. (1971) List of the marine fishes from the waters of Hokkaido and its adjacent regions. Report of the Hokkaido Central Fishery Experimental State, 13, 61 - 102." type="journal article" year="1971">Uyeno, 1971: 70</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(listed).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B29328FFF773D5FDAACEC60963" blockId="19.[151,1437,292,781]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB30119C9328FFF773D5FDAACEC60963" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF773D5FDAACECB0900" author="Raschi, W. G. & McEachran, J. D." box="[151,750,542,566]" page="1902" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1991">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319328FFF773D5FDAACECB0900" ID-CoL="4S9RZ" authority=": Raschi & McEachran, 1991: 1902" authorityName="Raschi & McEachran" authorityPageNumber="1902" authorityYear="1991" box="[151,750,542,566]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Rhinoraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09328FFF773D5FDAACD4A0900" box="[151,367,542,566]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Rhinoraja interrupta</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF772C2FDAACECB0900" author="Raschi, W. G. & McEachran, J. D." box="[384,750,542,566]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="1889 - 1903" refId="ref42647" refString="Raschi, W. G. & McEachran, J. D. (1991) Rhinoraja longi, a new species of skate from the outer Aleutian Islands, with comments on the status of Rhinoraja (Chondrichthyes, Rajoidei). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 69 (7) 1889 - 1903. https: // doi. org / 10.1139 / z 91 - 262" type="journal article" year="1991">Raschi & McEachran, 1991: 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF771BEFDAACFF90900" author="Dolganov, V. N." box="[764,988,542,566]" page="429" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1999">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF771BEFDAACFF90900" author="Dolganov, V. N." box="[764,988,542,566]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="428 - 430" refId="ref38294" refString="Dolganov, V. N. (1999) Geographic and bathymetric distribution of the rays family Rajidae in the seas of Russian Far East and the adjacent waters. Voprosy Ikhtiologii, 39 (3), 428 - 430." type="journal article" year="1999">Dolganov, 1999: 429</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF770A8FDAAC8F10900" author="Compagno, L. J. V." box="[1002,1236,542,566]" page="489" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1999">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF770A8FDAAC8F10900" author="Compagno, L. J. V." box="[1002,1236,542,566]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="471 - 498" refId="ref37878" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1999) Checklist of living elasmobranchs. In: Hamlett, W. C. (Ed.), Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, pp. 471 - 498." type="book chapter" year="1999">Compagno, 1999: 489</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(listed);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF7767AFDAACDA60963" author="Sheiko, B. A. & Fedorov, V. V." page="15" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="2000">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF7767AFDAACDA60963" author="Sheiko, B. A. & Fedorov, V. V." pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="7 - 69" refId="ref43245" refString="Sheiko, B. A. & Fedorov, V. V. (2000) Part 1. Class Cephalaspidmorha, Class Chondrichthyes, Class Holocephali, Class Osteichthyes. In: Moissev, R. S. (Ed.), Catalog of the Vertebrates of Kamchatka and Adjacent Waters. Kamchatskiy Petchatniy Dvor, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, pp. 7 - 69." type="book chapter" year="2000">Sheiko & Fedorov, 2000: 15</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF772CFFD89CE170963" author="Hoff, G. R." box="[397,562,573,597]" page="145" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="2002">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF772CFFD89CE170963" author="Hoff, G. R." box="[397,562,573,597]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="145 - 148" refId="ref40111" refString="Hoff, G. R. (2002) New records of the Aleutian Skate, Bathyraja aleutica from Northern California. California Fish Game, 88, 145 - 148." type="journal article" year="2002">Hoff, 2002: 145</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF7717FFD89CEFA0963" author="Orlov, A. M." box="[573,735,573,597]" page="45" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="2003">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF7717FFD89CEFA0963" author="Orlov, A. M." box="[573,735,573,597]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="45 - 60" refId="ref42055" refString="Orlov, A. M. (2003) Diets, feeding habits, and trophic relations of six deep-benthic skates (Rajidae) in the western Bering Sea. Aqua, 7 (2), 45 - 60." type="journal article" year="2003">Orlov, 2003: 45</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B29328FFF773D5FDE8CD53083B" blockId="19.[151,1437,292,781]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB30119C9328FFF773D5FDE8CD53083B" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF773D5FDE8CEB30945" author="Garrick, J. A. F. & Paul, L. J." box="[151,662,603,628]" page="361" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1974">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319328FFF773D5FDE8CEB30945" ID-CoL="5WDZ9" authority=": Garrick & Paul, 1974: 361" authorityName="Garrick & Paul" authorityPageNumber="361" authorityYear="1974" box="[151,662,603,628]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09328FFF773D5FDE8CD490945" box="[151,364,604,628]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Bathyraja interrupta</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF7723EFDE8CEB30945" author="Garrick, J. A. F. & Paul, L. J." box="[380,662,603,628]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="345 - 377" refId="ref39515" refString="Garrick, J. A. F. & Paul, L. J. (1974) The taxonomy of New Zealand skates (suborder Rajoidea), with descriptions of three new species. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 4 (3), 345 - 377. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03036758.1974.10419402" type="journal article" year="1974">Garrick & Paul, 1974: 361</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
; table 5 (reference); Ishiyama & lshihara, 1977: 88, table 5 (comparison);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF77385FDCECD8409A4" author="Stehmann, M. F. W." box="[199,417,634,658]" page="263" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1986">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF77385FDCECD8409A4" author="Stehmann, M. F. W." box="[199,417,634,658]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="261 - 268" refId="ref43584" refString="Stehmann, M. F. W. (1986) Notes on the systematics of the rajid genus Bathyraja and its distribution in the world oceans. In: Uyeno, T., Arai, R., Taniuchi, T. & Matsuura, K. (Eds.), Indo-Pacific Fish Biology: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Indo-Pacific Fishes. Ichthyological Society of Japan, Tokyo, pp. 261 - 268." type="book chapter" year="1986">Stehmann, 1986: 263</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF772E8FDCECE5E09A4" author="McAllister, D. E." box="[426,635,634,658]" page="34" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1990">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF772E8FDCECE5E09A4" author="McAllister, D. E." box="[426,635,634,658]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref41615" refString="McAllister, D. E. (1990) A list of the fishes of Canada. National Museum of Canada Bulletin, 168, 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1990">McAllister, 1990: 34</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(listed);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF77194FDCEC83609A4" author="McEachran, J. D. & Dunn, K. A." box="[726,1043,634,658]" page="286" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="1998">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF77194FDCEC83609A4" author="McEachran, J. D. & Dunn, K. A." box="[726,1043,634,658]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="271 - 290" refId="ref41775" refString="McEachran, J. D. & Dunn, K. A. (1998) Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia, 1998 (2), 271 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1447424" type="journal article" year="1998">McEachran & Dunn, 1998: 286</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(listed);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF7772FFDCEC9B909A4" author="Mecklenburg, C. W. & Mecklenburg, T. A. & Thorsteinson, L. K." box="[1133,1436,634,658]" page="100" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="2002">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF7772FFDCEC9B909A4" author="Mecklenburg, C. W. & Mecklenburg, T. A. & Thorsteinson, L. K." box="[1133,1436,634,658]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref41829" refString="Mecklenburg, C. W., Mecklenburg, T. A. & Thorsteinson, L. K. (2002) Fishes of Alaska. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland, 1037 pp." type="book" year="2002">
|
||
Mecklenburg
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09328FFF777BBFDCFC90909A4" box="[1273,1324,634,658]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2002: 100
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(listed);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF7725FFD2DCE210987" author="Nelson, J. S. & Crossman, E. J. & Espinosa Perez, H. & Findley, L. T. & Gilbert, C. R. & Lea, R. N. & Williams, J. D." box="[285,516,665,689]" page="55" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="2004">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF7725FFD2DCE210987" author="Nelson, J. S. & Crossman, E. J. & Espinosa Perez, H. & Findley, L. T. & Gilbert, C. R. & Lea, R. N. & Williams, J. D." box="[285,516,665,689]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref41938" refString="Nelson, J. S., Crossman, E. J., Espinosa Perez, H., Findley, L. T., Gilbert, C. R., Lea, R. N. & Williams, J. D. (2004) Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. 6 th Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 29. American Fisheries Society Bethesda, Maryland, 386 pp." type="book" year="2004">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E4F8509328FFF7725FFD2DCD400987" box="[285,357,665,689]" country="New Zealand" name="Nelson" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Nelson</collectingRegion>
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09328FFF77229FD2ECDBB0987" box="[363,414,665,689]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2004: 55
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(listed);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF77122FD2DCF1C0987" author="Spies, I. B. & Stevenson, D. E. & Orr, J. & Hoff, G. R." box="[608,825,665,689]" page="80" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="2011">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF77122FD2DCF1C0987" author="Spies, I. B. & Stevenson, D. E. & Orr, J. & Hoff, G. R." box="[608,825,665,689]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="77 - 83" refId="ref43434" refString="Spies, I. B., Stevenson, D. E., Orr, J. W & Hoff, G. R. (2011) Molecular systematics of the skate subgenus Arctoraja (Bathyraja: Rajidae) and support for an undescribed species, the leopard skate, with comments on the phylogenetics of Bathyraja. Ichthyological Research, 58 (1), 77 - 83. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10228 - 010 - 0185 - z" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Spies
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09328FFF771DCFD2ECEF40987" box="[670,721,665,689]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2011: 80
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF77006FD2DC8300987" author="Page, L. M. & Espinosa-Perez, H. & Findley, L. D. & Gilbert, C. R. & Lea, R. N. & Mandrak, N. E. & Mayden R. L. & Nelson, J. S." box="[836,1045,665,689]" page="55" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="2013">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF77006FD2DC8300987" author="Page, L. M. & Espinosa-Perez, H. & Findley, L. D. & Gilbert, C. R. & Lea, R. N. & Mandrak, N. E. & Mayden R. L. & Nelson, J. S." box="[836,1045,665,689]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref42235" refString="Page, L. M., Espinosa-Perez, H., Findley, L. D., Gilbert, C. R. Lea, R. N., Mandrak, N. E., Mayden R. L. & Nelson, J. S. (2013) Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. 7 th Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 34. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland, 384 pp." type="book" year="2013">
|
||
Page
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09328FFF7703EFD2ECF8A0987" box="[892,943,665,689]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2013: 55
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(listed);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF77733FD2DC9630987" author="Parin, N. V. & Evseenko, S. A. & Vasil'eva, E. D." box="[1137,1350,665,689]" page="31" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="2014">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF77733FD2DC9630987" author="Parin, N. V. & Evseenko, S. A. & Vasil'eva, E. D." box="[1137,1350,665,689]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref42327" refString="Parin, N. V., Evseenko, S. A. & Vasil'eva, E. D. (2014) Fishes of Russian Seas: Annotated Catalogue. KMK Scientific Press, Moscow, 733 pp." type="book" year="2014">
|
||
Parin
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09328FFF777EFFD2EC8C40987" box="[1197,1249,665,689]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2014: 31
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(listed);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF77385FD0CCD5109F9" author="Dyldin, Y. V." box="[199,372,695,720]" page="63" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="2015">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF77385FD0CCD5109F9" author="Dyldin, Y. V." box="[199,372,695,720]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="40 - 91" refId="ref38532" refString="Dyldin, Y. V. (2015) Annotated checklist of the sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii, Holocephali) from waters of Russia and adjacent areas. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 43, 40 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.5134 / 197957" type="journal article" year="2015">Dyldin, 2015: 63</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(listed);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF77292FD0CCEE709E6" author="Pietsch, T. W. & Orr, J. W." box="[464,706,695,720]" page="17" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="2015">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF77292FD0CCEE709E6" author="Pietsch, T. W. & Orr, J. W." box="[464,706,695,720]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref42557" refString="Pietsch, T. W. & Orr, J. W. (2015) Fishes of the Salish Sea: a compilation and distributional analysis. NOAA Professional Papers NMFS No. 18, Seattle, Washington, 106 pp." type="book" year="2015">Pietsch & Orr, 2015: 17</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(listed);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF7705FFD0CCFD509E6" author="Weigmann, S." box="[797,1008,695,720]" page="92" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="2016">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF7705FFD0CCFD509E6" author="Weigmann, S." box="[797,1008,695,720]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="837 - 1037" refId="ref44200" refString="Weigmann, S. (2016) Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. Journal of Fish Biology, 88 (3), 837 - 1037. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jfb. 12874" type="journal article" year="2016">Weigmann, 2016: 92</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(listed); Last
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09328FFF7773DFD0CC89709E6" box="[1151,1202,696,720]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2016: 25, 386 (figure, listed);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF77256FD62CDCF09D8" author="Kells, V. & Rocha, L. A. & Allen, L. G." box="[276,490,726,750]" page="78" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="2016">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF77256FD62CDCF09D8" author="Kells, V. & Rocha, L. A. & Allen, L. G." box="[276,490,726,750]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref40968" refString="Kells, V., Rocha, L. A. & Allen, L. G. (2016) A field guide to coastal fishes from Alaska to California. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 368 pp." type="book" year="2016">
|
||
Kells
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09328FFF77212FD63CDA109D8" box="[336,388,726,750]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2016: 78
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(figure);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF7710EFD62CF0009D8" author="Ebert, D. A. & Bigman, J. S. & Lawson, J. M." box="[588,805,726,750]" page="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="2017">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF7710EFD62CF0009D8" author="Ebert, D. A. & Bigman, J. S. & Lawson, J. M." box="[588,805,726,750]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref39032" refString="Ebert, D. A., Bigman, J. S. & Lawson, J. M. (2017) Biodiversity, Life History, and Conservation of Northeastern Pacific Chondrichthyans. In: Larson, S. E. & Lowry, D. (Eds.), Advances in Marine Biology. Vol. 77. Oxford Academic Press, Oxford, pp. 9 - 78. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / bs. amb. 2017.07.001" type="book" year="2017">
|
||
Ebert
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09328FFF771C8FD63CE9B09D8" box="[650,702,726,750]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2017: 21
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 58, 67 (description, distribution, key, listed);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8110A39328FFF777BEFD62CD05083B" author="Ehemann, N. R. & Gonzalez-Gonzalez, L. D. V & Chollet-Villalpando, J. G. & De La Cruz-Aguero, J." page="24" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="2018">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439328FFF777BEFD62CD05083B" author="Ehemann, N. R. & Gonzalez-Gonzalez, L. D. V & Chollet-Villalpando, J. G. & De La Cruz-Aguero, J." pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="17 - 39" refId="ref39120" refString="Ehemann, N. R., Gonzalez-Gonzalez, L. D. V, Chollet-Villalpando, J. G. & De La Cruz-Aguero, J. (2018) Updated checklist of the extant Chondrichthyes within the Exclusive Economic Zone of Mexico. ZooKeys, 774, 17 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 774.25028" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Ehemann
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09328FFF77621FD63C9B209D8" box="[1379,1431,726,750]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2018: 24
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(listed).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33A65399328FFF773D5FC8FCCE70F43" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B29328FFF773D5FC8FCCE70F43" blockId="19.[151,1437,827,1141]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09328FFF773D5FC8FCD370863" bold="true" box="[151,274,827,853]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Moderately-sized skates (
|
||
<quantity id="4CD89B579328FFF77100FC8FCE810860" box="[578,676,827,854]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="825.0">825 mm</quantity>
|
||
TL), disc length (47.7–54.0% TL), Head length moderate (18.4– 21.4% TL), posterior lobe of pelvic fins long (10.4–23.4% TL); claspers long and robust, tip rounded and not bulbous, pseudosiphon absent, possesses a weak, but long pseudorhipidion, U-shaped cleft, projection rounded and protrudes from tip, has a very large sentina, sentinel present; teeth in 22–32 and 23–32 rows on upper and lower jaw, respectively; total vertebrae 133; dorsal surface covered in small, sandpaper-like prickles; thorns present in a noncontinuous row, mature males with strong alar thorns, malar thorns absent, middorsal thorns strong (1–8), nuchal thorns robust (2–5), tail thorns moderate (18–26), interdorsal thorns weak (0–1); dorsal coloration brown to grey, with numerous small dark spots on body; ventral coloration white, often with dark brown blotches on underside of tail.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF5F663A9328FFF773D5F8D4CDED0CAD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601300" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6601300" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6601300/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" startId="19.[151,250,1888,1912]" targetBox="[586,1012,1179,1862]" targetPageId="19">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B29328FFF773D5F8D4CDED0CAD" blockId="19.[151,1437,1888,1948]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09328FFF773D5F8D4CD3E0C4E" bold="true" box="[151,283,1888,1912]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">FIGURE 11</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319328FFF77268F8D4CE690C4E" authority=", PSRC" authorityName="PSRC" box="[298,588,1888,1912]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09328FFF77268F8D4CDDA0C41" box="[298,511,1888,1912]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Bathyraja interrupta</emphasis>
|
||
, PSRC
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
BSPP-A 01, 710 mm TL, mature male, dorsal view, fresh. Photo by Diane Haas (MLML). Scale bar = 70 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF5F663A932FFFF073D5FC49CDED0F0F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601302" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6601302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6601302/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" startId="20.[151,250,1021,1045]" targetBox="[540,1048,189,997]" targetPageId="20">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B2932FFFF073D5FC49CDED0F0F" blockId="20.[151,1436,1021,1081]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA0932FFFF073D5FC49CD070F23" bold="true" box="[151,290,1021,1045]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D31932FFFF07268FC49CE6E0F23" authority=", PSRC" authorityName="PSRC" box="[298,587,1021,1045]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA0932FFFF07268FC49CDDA0F23" box="[298,511,1021,1045]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Bathyraja interrupta</emphasis>
|
||
, PSRC
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
BSPP-A 01, 710 mm TL, mature male, ventral view, fresh. Photo by Diane Haas (MLML). Scale bar = 70 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF5F663A932FFFF073D5F800C9410CFA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601304" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6601304" box="[151,1380,1972,1996]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6601304/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" startId="20.[151,250,1972,1996]" targetBox="[451,1130,1170,1925]" targetPageId="20">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B2932FFFF073D5F800C9410CFA" blockId="20.[151,1380,1972,1996]" box="[151,1380,1972,1996]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA0932FFFF073D5F800CD050CFA" bold="true" box="[151,288,1972,1996]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D31932FFFF07264F800CDDC0CFA" box="[294,505,1972,1996]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA0932FFFF07264F800CDDC0CFA" box="[294,505,1972,1996]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Bathyraja interrupta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, lectotype, USNM 48760, mature male, ventral view, preserved. Photo by D.A. Ebert.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF5F663A932EFFF173D5FC5AC83A0F1C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601306" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6601306" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6601306/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" startId="21.[151,250,1006,1030]" targetBox="[604,962,200,971]" targetPageId="21">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B2932EFFF173D5FC5AC83A0F1C" blockId="21.[151,1437,1006,1066]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA0932EFFF173D5FC5ACD010F30" bold="true" box="[151,292,1006,1030]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
|
||
Components of the clasper for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D31932EFFF1713DFC5ACFB40F30" authority=", UW" authorityName="UW" box="[639,913,1006,1030]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA0932EFFF1713DFC5ACF730F30" box="[639,854,1006,1030]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Bathyraja interrupta</emphasis>
|
||
, UW
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
046450-2, 768 mm TL, mature male. CL- cleft, PJ- projection, PR- pseudorhipidion, SN- sentina, ST- sentinel. Photo by J.D.S. Knuckey.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF5F663A932EFFF173D5F80DC9190CC3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601308" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6601308" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6601308/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" startId="21.[151,250,1977,2001]" targetBox="[527,1075,1107,1942]" targetPageId="21">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B2932EFFF173D5F80DC9190CC3" blockId="21.[151,1436,1977,2037]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA0932EFFF173D5F80DCD3A0CE7" bold="true" box="[151,287,1977,2001]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
|
||
Scanning electron microscope images of the dermal denticles of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D31932EFFF170EAF80DC88B0CE6" authority=", UW" authorityName="UW" box="[936,1198,1977,2001]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA0932EFFF170EAF80DC85C0CE7" box="[936,1145,1977,2001]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Bathyraja interrupta</emphasis>
|
||
, UW
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
046450-2, 768 mm TL, mature male, from A. the first dorsal fin and B. the head region, behind the eyes. Photos by Justin Cordova (MLML).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33A6539932DFFF27385FF22C8760C8F" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B2932DFFF27385FF22CF8C0AC0" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1977]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA0932DFFF27385FF22CD7C0B86" bold="true" box="[199,345,150,176]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
A medium-sized skate with a rhomboidal disc, 1.2–1.3 times as broad as long; anterior margin strongly concave in adult males, convex beside and just forward of eyes; apex rounded; posterior margin slightly convex; free rear tip broadly rounded. Head length moderate 18.4–21.4% TL; preorbital snout length 10.5–14.6% TL; preoral length 10.5–13.4% TL. Snout tip triangular and rounded, possessing no fleshy process at apex. A flat to moderately concave area between the eyes; interorbital width short 2.5–5.1% TL. Spiracle length 1.9–3.2% TL, oval shaped; interspiracular space short 5.5–6.8% TL; mouth width short 6.7–9.0% TL. Nasal curtain length 2.9–6.6% TL, its posterior margin fringed at the corners; anterior margin of curtain lobe-like. Internarial distance 3.2–7.4% TL. Upper jaw moderately well arched, possessing a symphysis; lower jaw convex. Teeth similar in both jaws; teeth unicuspid, with a strong, bluntly pointed posteriorly directed cusp; arranged in longitudinal rows; upper teeth and lower teeth relatively low in number (22–32 and 23–32, respectively).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B2932DFFF27385FE4BCF63080F" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1977]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Pelvic fins large overall; anterior lobe 7.7–11.6% TL, posterior lobe very large 10.4–23.4% TL and similar between sexes and maturities, inner margin deeply incised. Tail length 39.4–60.2% TL, relatively short and stout; wider at base, tapering to the first dorsal fin origin, not expanded in the middle. Precaudal length short 44.5–51.1% TL. Dorsal fins moderate in size and shape, the first dorsal fin displays a wider range than second dorsal fin, 1.7–5.2% TL and 2.1–2.9% TL, respectively; bases of both dorsal fins similar in size and length, 3.8–5.2% TL and 3.4–4.6% TL, respectively; anterior margins of both fins concave, apices rounded; free rear tip rounded; interdorsal space relatively short 0.2–1.8% TL, with larger individuals having a shorter interdorsal space, rear tip of first dorsal fin not overlapping base of second dorsal fin. Caudal fin height 0.6–1.1% TL; its dorsal margin weakly concave; not connected to second dorsal fin by a small membranous ridge.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B2932DFFF27385FCF7CDA30F03" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1977]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Dorsal surface covered in uniform, small, sandpaper-like prickles. Scapular, middorsal, nuchal, interdorsal, and tail thorns present, males with a well-developed set of alar thorns; malar thorns absent; thorns vary slightly in size, from short to well-developed. Middorsal thorns range from low to high in number (1–8); nuchal thorns well-developed and average in number (2–5); tail thorns moderate in number (18–26); scapular thorns absent in some specimens and present in others (0–2); interdorsal thorns weakly developed (0–1). Thorns in a single, noncontinuous row; no multiple rows of thorns on body. Alar thorn patches range between 4–6 rows and 8–22 columns on both pectoral fins.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B2932DFFF27385FB8BCE9B0FDF" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1977]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Mature claspers relatively long and robust, base length 1.8–2.8% TL, inner length 25.5–26.0% TL, tip of clasper rounded and not bulbous (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B2A37932DFFF272F8FBD7CE0E0F4B" box="[442,555,1123,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1006,1030]" captionTargetBox="[604,962,200,971]" captionTargetId="figure-17@21.[601,987,181,982]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Components of the clasper for Bathyraja interrupta, UW 046450-2, 768 mm TL, mature male. CL- cleft, PJ- projection, PR- pseudorhipidion, SN- sentina, ST- sentinel. Photo by J.D.S. Knuckey." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601306" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6601306/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Figure 14</figureCitation>
|
||
). Clasper inner length 46.5–47.0% of tail length; pseudosiphon is absent; inner surface of dorsal lobe with a relatively weak, but long pseudorhipidion and a U-shaped cleft; inner surface of ventral lobe possesses a rounded projection that conspicuously protrudes from the tip of the clasper; a very large sentina; sentinel present; clasper relatively robust overall.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B2932DFFF27385FB47CF480EF7" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1977]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Clasper skeleton consists of 3 dorsal terminal, 1 accessory terminal, ventral terminal and axial cartilages; dorsal terminal 1 shaped like a long, rounded leaf, and possessing a long shaft; unlike most bathyrajids in the ENP the dorsal terminal 1 does not form an external pseudosiphon; the tip of the dorsal marginal is pointed, and forms a long, thin pseudorhipidion externally; ventral terminal curved, possessing a blunt tip that forms the exposed projection; accessory terminal 1 nearly as long as the ventral terminal; tip of accessory terminal 1 is rounded; very large sentina located above the projection; sentinel present next to the sentina.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B2932DFFF27385FA7FCCE60D1B" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1977]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Dermal denticles possess 3–5 base points and are moderately developed on the posterior third of the dorsal surface; denticles on the first dorsal fin not curved, posterior-oriented, found in low densities across surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B2A37932DFFF27613FA5BCC930D1B" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1977,2001]" captionTargetBox="[527,1075,1107,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-53@21.[497,1090,1090,1953]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 15. Scanning electron microscope images of the dermal denticles of Bathyraja interrupta, UW 046450-2, 768 mm TL, mature male, from A. the first dorsal fin and B. the head region, behind the eyes. Photos by Justin Cordova (MLML)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601308" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6601308/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Figure 15</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B2932DFFF27385F983CDF90D88" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1977]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Length of rostral cartilage 46.6% of cranial length; prefontanelle rostral length 47.2%; cranial width 78.9%; least interorbital width 20.1%; length of anterior prefontanelle 19.5%; length of posterior prefontanelle 26.5%; length of rostral appendices 18.9%. Rostral cartilage nearly straight; fontanelles rectangular in shape; the posterior fontanelle larger (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B2A37932DFFF2721FF917CDEB0D88" box="[349,462,1699,1726]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1054,1078]" captionTargetBox="[297,1296,181,1030]" captionTargetId="figure-17@25.[291,1296,181,1030]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 16. Ventral view X-radiograph of Bathyraja interrupta, CAS 243647, mature male. X-radiograph by Jon Fong (CAS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6601310" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6601310/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Figure 16</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B2932DFFF27385F972CE410C7B" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1977]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA0932DFFF27385F972CD6A0DD6" bold="true" box="[199,335,1734,1760]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Coloration.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal coloration dark brown to brown grey, with numerous small dark spots on body. Snout and edges of fins usually darker than the rest of the body. Ventral coloration white, usually with small to large dark brown blotches on underside of tail. Coloration after preservation is similar to fresh specimens; however, the dark spots on dorsal surface tend to disappear.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B2932DFFF27385F8E3C8760C8F" blockId="22.[151,1437,150,1977]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA0932DFFF27385F8E3CD9E0C46" bold="true" box="[199,443,1878,1905]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Egg case description</emphasis>
|
||
. Egg cases small (
|
||
<quantity id="4CD89B57932DFFF271CAF8E3CF270C47" box="[648,770,1879,1905]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.85" metricValueMax="7.9" metricValueMin="7.8" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="78.5" valueMax="79.0" valueMin="78.0">78–79 mm</quantity>
|
||
TL), golden brown in color, and covered with small, coarse prickles that form longitudinal rows. Cases possess lateral keels that are very wide. Horns taper and become thin and filamentous at their ends, with the anterior horn being more robust (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B43932DFFF270FCF82BC8620C8F" author="Ebert, D. A." box="[958,1095,1950,1977]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="618 - 649" refId="ref38754" refString="Ebert, D. A. (2005) Reproductive biology of skates, Bathyraja (Ishiyama), along the eastern Bering Sea continental slope. Journal of Fish Biology, 66 (1), 618 - 649. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 0022 - 1112.2005.00628. x" type="journal article" year="2005">Ebert, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33A6539932CFFF37385FF22CD11092F" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B2932CFFF37385FF22CDDB0A2B" blockId="23.[151,1437,150,537]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA0932CFFF37385FF22CD440B86" bold="true" box="[199,353,150,176]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D31932CFFF3722BFF23CE760B86" box="[361,595,151,177]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA0932CFFF3722BFF23CE760B86" box="[361,595,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Bathyraja interrupta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been confirmed as occurring in the eastern North Pacific, specifically from the Bering Sea, Alaska south to
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E4F850932CFFF37100FF0FCF220BE3" box="[578,775,187,213]" country="Canada" name="British Columbia" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">British Columbia</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3377622932CFFF37056FF0FCF4D0BE3" box="[788,872,187,213]" name="Canada" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B43932CFFF37035FF0FC8190BE3" author="Kyne, P. M. & Carlson, J. K. & Ebert, D. A. & Fordham, S. V. & Bizzarro, J. J. & Graham, R. T. & Kulka, D. W. & Tewes, E. E. & Harrison, L. R. & Dulvy, N. K." box="[887,1084,187,213]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref41119" refString="Kyne, P. M., Carlson, J. K., Ebert, D. A., Fordham, S. V., Bizzarro, J. J., Graham, R. T., Kulka, D. W., Tewes, E. E., Harrison, L. R. & Dulvy, N. K. (2012) The Conservation Status of North American, Central American, and Caribbean Chondrichthyans. IUCN Species Survival Commission Shark Specialist Group, Vancouver, Canada, 148 pp." type="book" year="2012">
|
||
Kyne
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA0932CFFF370FCFF0FCFD20BE3" box="[958,1015,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This species is most common on the continental shelf-slope break at around
|
||
<quantity id="4CD89B57932CFFF371DDFF6ACF050BCF" box="[671,800,222,249]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="350.0" valueMax="500.0" valueMin="200.0">200–500 m</quantity>
|
||
, but is possibly found down to
|
||
<quantity id="4CD89B57932CFFF377C2FF6BC8F90BCF" box="[1152,1244,223,249]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3719999999999999" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="1372.0">1,372 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B43932CFFF377A8FF6BCCD80A2B" author="Mecklenburg, C. W. & Mecklenburg, T. A. & Thorsteinson, L. K." pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref41829" refString="Mecklenburg, C. W., Mecklenburg, T. A. & Thorsteinson, L. K. (2002) Fishes of Alaska. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland, 1037 pp." type="book" year="2002">
|
||
Mecklenburg
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA0932CFFF376CAFF6BCC910A2B" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B43932CFFF3724AFEB7CDD70A2B" author="Bizzarro, J. J. & Broms, K. M. & Logsdon, M. G. & Ebert, D. A. & Yoklavich, M. M. & Kuhnz, L. A. & Summers, A. P." box="[264,498,259,285]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="109907" refId="ref37288" refString="Bizzarro, J. J., Broms, K. M., Logsdon, M. G., Ebert, D. A., Yoklavich, M. M., Kuhnz, L. A. & Summers, A. P. (2014) Spatial Segregation in Eastern North Pacific Skate Assemblages. PLoS ONE, 9 (10), e 109907. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0109907" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Bizzarro
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA0932CFFF3722DFEB7CD8D0A2B" box="[367,424,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B2932CFFF37385FE92CFEE0AE7" blockId="23.[151,1437,150,537]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA0932CFFF37385FE92CDA60A77" bold="true" box="[199,387,294,321]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Biological notes</emphasis>
|
||
. Size at maturity for males is
|
||
<quantity id="4CD89B57932CFFF37199FE93CF6E0A77" box="[731,843,295,321]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.95" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="cm" value="69.5" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="69.0">69–70 cm</quantity>
|
||
TL and
|
||
<quantity id="4CD89B57932CFFF370EFFE93C8380A77" box="[941,1053,295,321]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.15" metricValueMax="7.2" metricValueMin="7.1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="cm" value="71.5" valueMax="72.0" valueMin="71.0">71–72 cm</quantity>
|
||
TL for females, with a maximum size of at least
|
||
<quantity id="4CD89B57932CFFF3720AFEFFCDAA0A53" box="[328,399,331,357]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="cm" value="89.0">89 cm</quantity>
|
||
TL (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B43932CFFF37289FEFFCE4B0A53" author="Ainsley, S. M." box="[459,622,331,357]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref36614" refString="Ainsley, S. M. (2009) Age, growth and reproduction of the Bering skate, Bathyraja interrupta (Gill & Townsend 1897), from the Eastern Bering Sea and Gulf of Alaska. California State University, Monterey Bay, Monterey, California, 150 pp." type="book" year="2009">Ainsley, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B43932CFFF37138FEFFCF460A53" author="Ainsley, S. M. & Ebert, D. A. & Natanson, L. J. & Cailliet, G. M." box="[634,867,331,357]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="17 - 25" refId="ref36734" refString="Ainsley, S. M., Ebert, D. A., Natanson, L. J. & Cailliet, G. M. (2014) A comparison of age and growth of the Bering skate, Bathyraja interrupta (Gill and Townsend 1897), from two Alaskan large marine ecosystems. Fisheries Research, 154 (1), 17 - 25. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. fishres. 2014.02.002" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Ainsley
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA0932CFFF37199FEFFCF330A53" box="[731,790,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The age of maturity was found to be
|
||
<quantity id="4CD89B57932CFFF37668FEFFC9570A53" box="[1322,1394,331,357]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="cm" value="62.0">62 cm</quantity>
|
||
for males and 61for females (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B43932CFFF372F5FEDBCEF90ABF" author="Bizzarro, J. J. & Vaughn, M. T." box="[439,732,367,393]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="247 - 256" refId="ref37228" refString="Bizzarro, J. J. & Vaughn, M. T. (2009) Aspects of the Biology and Species Composition of Skates (Rajiformes) from Insular Waters of Southeastern Alaska. Northwestern Naturalist, 90 (3), 247 - 256. https: // doi. org / 10.1898 / NWN 08 - 44.1" type="journal article" year="2009">Bizzarro & Vaughn, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). As with other skates,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D31932CFFF3709FFEDBC84B0ABE" box="[989,1134,367,392]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA0932CFFF3709FFEDBC84B0ABE" box="[989,1134,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B. interrupta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are a late maturing species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B43932CFFF373DDFE27CD5B0A9B" author="Ainsley, S. M. & Ebert, D. A. & Cailliet, G. M." box="[159,382,403,429]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="557 - 566" refId="ref36666" refString="Ainsley, S. M., Ebert, D. A. & Cailliet, G. M. (2011) A comparison of reproductive parameters of the Bering skate, Bathyraja interrupta, from two Alaskan large marine ecosystems. Marine and Freshwater Research, 62 (6), 557 - 566. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / MF 10140" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Ainsley
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA0932CFFF373BCFE27CD100A9B" box="[254,309,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The species feeds on benthic invertebrates, including euphausiids, crabs, and various shrimps (e.g., pandalids, hippolytids, crangonids) and bony fishes (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B43932CFFF37064FE03CF9A0AE7" author="Brown, S. C." box="[806,959,439,465]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref37405" refString="Brown, S. C. (2010) Diet composition of Bathyraja interrupta (Gill and Townsend 1897) and Bathyraja aleutica (Gilbert 1896) from the northern Gulf of Alaska continental shelf. California State University, Monterey Bay, Monterey, California, 27 pp." type="book" year="2010">Brown, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B2932CFFF37385FE6ECD11092F" blockId="23.[151,1437,150,537]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA0932CFFF37385FE6ECD060AC2" bold="true" box="[199,291,474,500]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Habitat</emphasis>
|
||
. Inhabits deep waters, on the outer continental shelf and upper slope, often being found on fine sediment (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B43932CFFF373DDFE4BCD0D092F" author="Ebert, D. A." box="[159,296,511,537]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref38720" refString="Ebert, D. A. (2003) Sharks, rays, and chimaeras of California. No. 71. University of California Press, Berkeley, California, 284 pp." type="book" year="2003">Ebert, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF5F663A932CFFF373D5FDF7C84C096D" ID-Table-UUID="DF5F663A932CFFF373D5FDF7C84C096D" box="[151,1129,579,603]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5F663A932CFFF373D5FDF7C84C096D" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" startId="23.[151,239,579,603]" targetBox="[163,1042,638,1997]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="23">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B2932CFFF373D5FDF7C84C096D" blockId="23.[151,1129,579,603]" box="[151,1129,579,603]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA0932CFFF373D5FDF7CD2F096D" bold="true" box="[151,266,579,603]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">TABLE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphometrics for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D31932CFFF372A0FDF7CE9A096D" box="[482,703,579,603]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA0932CFFF372A0FDF7CE9A096D" box="[482,703,579,603]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Bathyraja interrupta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
expressed as % of total length (n = 16).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B2932CFFF373E1FDCAC8370CFB" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<table id="F920C412932C001B73E1FDCAC8370CFB" box="[163,1042,638,1997]" gridcols="2" gridrows="32" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1FDCAC83709A0" box="[163,1042,638,662]" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<th id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1FDCACDF109A0" box="[163,468,638,662]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Total length (mm)</th>
|
||
<th id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFFDCAC83709A0" box="[941,1042,638,662]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">289–768</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1FD18C83709F2" box="[163,1042,684,708]" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1FD18CDF109F2" box="[163,468,684,708]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Disc length (%)</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFFD18C83709F2" box="[941,1042,684,708]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">47.7–54.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1FD62C83709D8" box="[163,1042,726,750]" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1FD62CDF109D8" box="[163,468,726,750]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Disc width</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFFD62C83709D8" box="[941,1042,726,750]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">61.2–67.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1FCBCC8370816" box="[163,1042,776,800]" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1FCBCCDF10816" box="[163,468,776,800]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Snout to maximum disc width</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFFCBCC8370816" box="[941,1042,776,800]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">28.1–33.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1FC86C837087C" box="[163,1042,818,842]" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1FC86CDF1087C" box="[163,468,818,842]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Head length</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFFC86C837087C" box="[941,1042,818,842]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">18.4–21.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1FCD6C837084D" box="[163,1042,866,891]" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1FCD6CDF1084D" box="[163,468,866,891]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Preorbital snout length</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFFCD6C837084D" box="[941,1042,866,891]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">10.5–14.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1FC20C837089A" box="[163,1042,916,940]" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1FC20CDF1089A" box="[163,468,916,940]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Interorbital width</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFFC20C837089A" box="[941,1042,916,940]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2.5–5.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1FC71C83708E8" box="[163,1042,965,990]" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1FC71CDF108E8" box="[163,468,965,990]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Spiracle length</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFFC71C83708E8" box="[941,1042,965,990]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">1.9–3.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1FC5BC8370F31" box="[163,1042,1007,1031]" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1FC5BCDF10F31" box="[163,468,1007,1031]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Interspiracular width</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFFC5BC8370F31" box="[941,1042,1007,1031]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">5.5–6.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1FBADC8370F04" box="[163,1042,1049,1074]" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1FBADCDF10F04" box="[163,468,1049,1074]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">D1 origin to tail tip</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFFBADC8370F04" box="[941,1042,1049,1074]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">10.1–16.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1FBF7C8370F6A" box="[163,1042,1091,1116]" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1FBF7CDF10F6A" box="[163,468,1091,1116]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">D1 base length</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFFBF7C8370F6A" box="[941,1042,1091,1116]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">3.8–5.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1FBD9C8370FB0" box="[163,1042,1133,1158]" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1FBD9CDF10FB0" box="[163,468,1133,1158]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">D1 vertical height</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFFBD9C8370FB0" box="[941,1042,1133,1158]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">1.7–5.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1FB23C8370F86" box="[163,1042,1175,1200]" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1FB23CDF10F86" box="[163,468,1175,1200]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">D2 base length</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFFB23C8370F86" box="[941,1042,1175,1200]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">3.4–4.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1FB75C8370FEC" box="[163,1042,1217,1242]" gridrow="13" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1FB75CDF10FEC" box="[163,468,1217,1242]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">D2 vertical height</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFFB75C8370FEC" box="[941,1042,1217,1242]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2.1–2.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1FB5FC8370E32" box="[163,1042,1259,1284]" gridrow="14" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1FB5FCDF10E32" box="[163,468,1259,1284]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Interdorsal space</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFFB5FC8370E32" box="[941,1042,1259,1284]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">0.2–1.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1FAA1C8370E18" box="[163,1042,1301,1326]" gridrow="15" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1FAA1CDF10E18" box="[163,468,1301,1326]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Caudal base length</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFFAA1C8370E18" box="[941,1042,1301,1326]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">1.9–4.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1FA8BC8370E61" box="[163,1042,1343,1367]" gridrow="16" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1FA8BCDF10E61" box="[163,468,1343,1367]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Caudal vertical height</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFFA8BC8370E61" box="[941,1042,1343,1367]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">0.6–1.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1FADDC8370EB7" box="[163,1042,1385,1409]" gridrow="17" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1FADDCDF10EB7" box="[163,468,1385,1409]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Lateral tail fold length</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFFADDC8370EB7" box="[941,1042,1385,1409]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">16.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1FA27C8370E9D" box="[163,1042,1427,1451]" gridrow="18" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1FA27CDF10E9D" box="[163,468,1427,1451]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Preoral snout length</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFFA27C8370E9D" box="[941,1042,1427,1451]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">10.5–13.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1FA09C8370EE3" box="[163,1042,1469,1493]" gridrow="19" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1FA09CDF10EE3" box="[163,468,1469,1493]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Mouth width</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFFA09C8370EE3" box="[941,1042,1469,1493]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">6.7–9.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1FA53C8370EC9" box="[163,1042,1511,1535]" gridrow="20" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1FA53CDF10EC9" box="[163,468,1511,1535]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Prenarial snout length</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFFA53C8370EC9" box="[941,1042,1511,1535]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">8.5–11.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1F9A5C8370D1C" box="[163,1042,1553,1578]" gridrow="21" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1F9A5CDF10D1C" box="[163,468,1553,1578]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Internarial width</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFF9A5C8370D1C" box="[941,1042,1553,1578]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">3.2–7.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1F98FC8370D65" box="[163,1042,1595,1619]" gridrow="22" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1F98FCDF10D65" box="[163,468,1595,1619]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Nasal curtain length</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFF98FC8370D65" box="[941,1042,1595,1619]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2.9–6.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1F9D1C8370D48" box="[163,1042,1637,1662]" gridrow="23" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1F9D1CDF10D48" box="[163,468,1637,1662]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Snout to 1st gill slit</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFF9D1C8370D48" box="[941,1042,1637,1662]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">17.7–21.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1F93BC8370D9E" box="[163,1042,1679,1704]" gridrow="24" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1F93BCDF10D9E" box="[163,468,1679,1704]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Pelvic posterior lobe length</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFF93BC8370D9E" box="[941,1042,1679,1704]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">10.4–23.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1F90DC8370DE7" box="[163,1042,1721,1745]" gridrow="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1F90DCDF10DE7" box="[163,468,1721,1745]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Pelvic anterior lobe length</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFF90DC8370DE7" box="[941,1042,1721,1745]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">7.7–11.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1F957C8370DCA" box="[163,1042,1763,1788]" gridrow="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1F957CDF10DCA" box="[163,468,1763,1788]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Inner anterior lobe length</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFF957C8370DCA" box="[941,1042,1763,1788]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2.7–9.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1F8B9C8370C13" box="[163,1042,1805,1829]" gridrow="27" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1F8B9CDF10C13" box="[163,468,1805,1829]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Clasper inner length</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFF8B9C8370C13" box="[941,1042,1805,1829]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">5.5–26.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1F883C8370C66" box="[163,1042,1847,1872]" gridrow="28" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1F883CDF10C66" box="[163,468,1847,1872]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Clasper outer length</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFF883C8370C66" box="[941,1042,1847,1872]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2.8–17.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1F8D5C8370C4C" box="[163,1042,1889,1914]" gridrow="29" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1F8D5CDF10C4C" box="[163,468,1889,1914]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Clasper base length</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFF8D5C8370C4C" box="[941,1042,1889,1914]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">1.0–2.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1F83FC8370C95" box="[163,1042,1931,1955]" gridrow="30" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1F83FCDF10C95" box="[163,468,1931,1955]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Precaudal length</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFF83FC8370C95" box="[941,1042,1931,1955]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">44.5–51.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="351034F0932C001B73E1F801C8370CFB" box="[163,1042,1973,1997]" gridrow="31" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B73E1F801CDF10CFB" box="[163,468,1973,1997]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Tail length</td>
|
||
<td id="76C15D8C932C001B70EFF801C8370CFB" box="[941,1042,1973,1997]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">39.4–60.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33A65399323FFFC7385FF23C9B50823" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B29323FFFC7385FF23C91D0B87" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1005]" box="[199,1336,151,177]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC7385FF23CD6B0B87" bold="true" box="[199,334,151,177]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species name comes from the interrupted row of thorns down the middorsal and tail.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B29323FFFC7385FF0ECFFF0ABF" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC7385FF0ECD430BE2" bold="true" box="[199,358,186,212]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Comparisons</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319323FFFC7237FF0FCE7A0BE2" box="[373,607,187,213]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC7237FF0FCE7A0BE2" box="[373,607,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Bathyraja interrupta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a medium-bodied skate that can be separated relatively easily from its congeners based on coloration, size, thorn counts, and distribution.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319323FFFC7034FF6BC8440BCF" box="[886,1121,223,249]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abyssicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC7034FF6BC8440BCF" box="[886,1121,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Bathyraja abyssicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319323FFFC772FFF6BC8C10BCF" box="[1133,1252,223,249]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aleutica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC772FFF6BC85B0BCE" box="[1133,1150,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">B</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC77C8FF6BC8C10BCF" box="[1162,1252,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">aleutica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319323FFFC77B2FF6BC9B90BCE" baseAuthorityName="Beebe & Tee-Van" baseAuthorityYear="1941" box="[1264,1436,223,248]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spinosissima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC77B2FF6BC9B90BCE" box="[1264,1436,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">B. spinosissima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319323FFFC7388FEB7CD6B0A2B" baseAuthorityName="Gilbert" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[202,334,259,285]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trachura">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC7388FEB7CD6B0A2B" box="[202,334,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">B. trachura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
all display markedly different colorations.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319323FFFC7004FEB7C8760A2B" baseAuthorityName="Osburn & Nichols" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[838,1107,259,285]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microtrachys">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC7004FEB7C8760A2B" box="[838,1107,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Bathyraja microtrachys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a geographic range that is much further south and does not possess middorsal, nuchal, and scapular thorns, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319323FFFC7787FE93C97C0A76" box="[1221,1369,295,320]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC7787FE93C97C0A76" box="[1221,1369,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">B. interrupta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does. Posterior pelvic lobe significantly longer than all of its congeners (F
|
||
<subScript id="17A434F79323FFFC70C9FEE9CF950A5D" attach="left" box="[907,944,349,363]" fontSize="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">6,104</subScript>
|
||
= 25.5, p <0.0001). Additionally, precaudal length significantly shorter than its conspecifics (F
|
||
<subScript id="17A434F79323FFFC718DFE35CED10AB9" attach="left" box="[719,756,385,399]" fontSize="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">6,104</subScript>
|
||
= 86.7, p <0.0001).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B29323FFFC7385FE27CE060AC3" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319323FFFC7385FE27CD940A9A" box="[199,433,403,429]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC7385FE27CD940A9A" box="[199,433,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Bathyraja interrupta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is very closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319323FFFC7197FE27CF720A9B" authorityName=", Ishihara and Ishiyama" authorityYear="1985" box="[725,855,403,429]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kincaidii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC7197FE27CF720A9B" box="[725,855,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">B. kincaidii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is a smaller-bodied species found in a more southern geographic range than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319323FFFC72BCFE03CEAA0AE6" box="[510,655,439,464]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC72BCFE03CEAA0AE6" box="[510,655,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">B. interrupta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The two species may form a larger species complex that ranges from northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33776229323FFFC73BFFE6FCD760AC3" box="[253,339,475,501]" name="Mexico" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
to the Bering Sea.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B29323FFFC7385FE4BC9B50823" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319323FFFC7385FE4BCD94092E" box="[199,433,511,537]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC7385FE4BCD94092E" box="[199,433,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Bathyraja interrupta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from its congener in that it possesses a shorter interdorsal space than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319323FFFC7658FE4BC9B9092F" authorityName=", Ishihara and Ishiyama" authorityYear="1985" box="[1306,1436,511,537]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kincaidii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC7658FE4BC9B9092F" box="[1306,1436,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">B. kincaidii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(0.2–1.8% TL and 0.6–3.3% TL, respectively). The pelvic fins are a useful separator of the two species, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319323FFFC73D5FDF3CD0C0956" box="[151,297,583,608]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC73D5FDF3CD0C0956" box="[151,297,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">B. interrupta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a much larger posterior lobe length (10.4–23.4% TL) and inner anterior pelvic lobe length (2.7– 9.3% TL) than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319323FFFC7201FDDFCDE009B3" authorityName=", Ishihara and Ishiyama" authorityYear="1985" box="[323,453,619,645]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kincaidii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC7201FDDFCDE009B3" box="[323,453,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">B. kincaidii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does (8.1–14.9% TL and 5.5–8.5% TL, respectively). The mature claspers of both species differ, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319323FFFC727AFD3BCDEE099E" box="[312,459,655,680]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC727AFD3BCDEE099E" box="[312,459,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">B. interrupta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has more robust, stockier claspers than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319323FFFC70DAFD3BC83E099F" authorityName=", Ishihara and Ishiyama" authorityYear="1985" box="[920,1051,655,681]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kincaidii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC70DAFD3BC83E099F" box="[920,1051,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">B. kincaidii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Furthermore,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319323FFFC7784FD3BC97C099E" box="[1222,1369,655,680]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC7784FD3BC97C099E" box="[1222,1369,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">B. interrupta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a pointed projection that conspicuously protrudes out past the tip of the clasper, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319323FFFC7736FD07C8D209FB" authorityName=", Ishihara and Ishiyama" authorityYear="1985" box="[1140,1271,691,717]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kincaidii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC7736FD07C8D209FB" box="[1140,1271,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">B. kincaidii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a rounded projection that does not protrude past the tip. The cleft of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319323FFFC7069FD63CF9809C6" box="[811,957,727,752]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC7069FD63CF9809C6" box="[811,957,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">B. interrupta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is V-shaped and the cleft is U-shaped and curved in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319323FFFC7245FD4FCDAD0823" authorityName=", Ishihara and Ishiyama" authorityYear="1985" box="[263,392,763,789]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kincaidii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC7245FD4FCDAD0823" box="[263,392,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">B. kincaidii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The sentina on the mature clasper is very large in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319323FFFC7081FD4FC8700822" box="[963,1109,763,788]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC7081FD4FC8700822" box="[963,1109,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">B. interrupta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but average in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319323FFFC764AFD4FC9AC0823" authorityName=", Ishihara and Ishiyama" authorityYear="1985" box="[1288,1417,763,789]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kincaidii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC764AFD4FC9AC0823" box="[1288,1417,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">B. kincaidii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33A65399323FFFC7385FCABCE2408DB" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F36B29323FFFC7385FCABCE2408DB" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC7385FCABCD11080F" bold="true" box="[199,308,799,825]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319323FFFC7201FCABCE0B080E" box="[323,558,799,825]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interrupta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC7201FCABCE0B080E" box="[323,558,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Bathyraja interrupta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is one of the most common skate species in its range. It occurs in two of the largest marine ecosystems in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E4F8509323FFFC72ABFCF7CE1F086B" box="[489,570,835,861]" country="United States of America" name="Alaska" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Alaska</collectingRegion>
|
||
, the Eastern Bering Sea and the Gulf of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E4F8509323FFFC7750FCF7C845086B" box="[1042,1120,835,861]" country="United States of America" name="Alaska" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Alaska</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439323FFFC7733FCF7C97F086B" author="Ainsley, S. M. & Ebert, D. A. & Cailliet, G. M." box="[1137,1370,835,861]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="557 - 566" refId="ref36666" refString="Ainsley, S. M., Ebert, D. A. & Cailliet, G. M. (2011) A comparison of reproductive parameters of the Bering skate, Bathyraja interrupta, from two Alaskan large marine ecosystems. Marine and Freshwater Research, 62 (6), 557 - 566. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / MF 10140" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Ainsley
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC7791FCF7C92B086B" box="[1235,1294,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It is included in this study due to its relationship with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C204D319323FFFC71FDFCD3CF6508B7" authorityName=", Ishihara and Ishiyama" authorityYear="1985" box="[703,832,871,897]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Arhynchobatidae" genus="Bathyraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kincaidii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B954EAA09323FFFC71FDFCD3CF6508B7" box="[703,832,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">B. kincaidii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in that the two may form a species complex. Nursery regions have been identified for this species on the upper continental slope in the eastern Bering Sea (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439323FFFC7654FC3FC9B40893" author="Hoff, G. R." box="[1302,1425,907,933]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="243 - 254" refId="ref40183" refString="Hoff, G. R. (2010) Identification of skate nursery habitat in the eastern Bering Sea. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 403, 243 - 254. https: // doi. org / 10.3354 / meps 08424" type="journal article" year="2010">Hoff 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The species has been shown to exhibit hermaphroditism, with a hermaphroditic specimen being collected in the Gulf of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E4F8509323FFFC73F6FC67CD2708DB" box="[180,258,979,1005]" country="United States of America" name="Alaska" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Alaska</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B439323FFFC7252FC67CDD008DB" author="Haas, D. L. & Ebert, D. A." box="[272,501,979,1005]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="181 - 185" refId="ref39956" refString="Haas, D. L. & Ebert, D. A. (2008) First record of hermaphroditism in the Bering Skate, Bathyraja interrupta. Northwestern Naturalist, 89 (3) 181 - 185. https: // doi. org / 10.1898 / NWN 07 - 23.1" type="journal article" year="2008">Haas & Ebert, 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |