234 lines
20 KiB
XML
234 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.950.51298" ID-GBIF-Dataset="21975627-96b7-45c7-9c80-0a73a850169a" ID-PMC="PMC7387366" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-950-51" ID-Pensoft-UUID="7F08092C01585A70A7948EA57A2A8E2E" ID-PubMed="32774101" ID-ZooBank="3E805885D3354FB3AE8DFA443FAD82AE" ModsDocID="1313-2970-950-51" checkinTime="1595285263451" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Takaoka, Hiroyuki, Srisuka, Wichai, Fukuda, Masako & Saeung, Atiporn" docDate="2020" docId="C7E6ED9A18915FEF9C574AA9F27BD8C2" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 950: 51-152" docOrigin="ZooKeys 950" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.950.51298" docTitle="Simulium (Gomphostilbia) songense Takaoka, Srisuka & Fukuda 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="C45AE92B-5925-45D9-B64F-E3DC2BF7D170" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="7F08092C01585A70A7948EA57A2A8E2E" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="7F08092C01585A70A7948EA57A2A8E2E" masterDocTitle="Twenty-one new species of the Simulium (Gomphostilbia) asakoae species group (Diptera, Simuliidae) in Thailand, with their genetic relationships" masterLastPageNumber="152" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1668169112888" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Twenty-one new species of the Simulium (Gomphostilbia) asakoae species group (Diptera, Simuliidae) in Thailand, with their genetic relationships</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Takaoka, Hiroyuki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Srisuka, Wichai</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Entomology Section, Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden, P. O. Box 7, Maerim, Chiang Mai 50180, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fukuda, Masako</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute for Research Promotion, Oita University, Idaigaoka 1 - 1, Hasama, Yufu City, Oita, 879 - 5593, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Saeung, Atiporn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Center of Insect Vector Study, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3550-5992</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">atisaeung.noi@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>950</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>51</mods:start>
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<mods:end>152</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.950.51298</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.950.51298</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-950-51</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">3E805885D3354FB3AE8DFA443FAD82AE</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">7F08092C01585A70A7948EA57A2A8E2E</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="165843366" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C45AE92B-5925-45D9-B64F-E3DC2BF7D170" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C7E6ED9A18915FEF9C574AA9F27BD8C2" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<taxonomicName LSID="C7E6ED9A-1891-5FEF-9C57-4AA9F27BD8C2" authority="Takaoka, Srisuka & Fukuda" authorityName="Takaoka, Srisuka & Fukuda" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Simulium (Gomphostilbia) songense" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="songense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">Simulium (Gomphostilbia) songense Takaoka, Srisuka & Fukuda</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="51">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Female and pupa of S. songense sp. nov. A female B-D pupa. A mandible (right side) B gill filaments (left side; lateral view) C terminal hooks (caudal view) D cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (D); 0.1 mm (B); 0.01 mm (A, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433885" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Holotype</emphasis>
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: Female (thorax for DNA analysis) (with its associated pupal exuviae and cocoon) (in 80% ethanol) labeled as "Holotype:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Takaoka, Srisuka & Fukuda" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Simulium songense" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="songense">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Simulium songense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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male, QSBG col. no. 60, Thailand, 25-VII-2017, by W. Srisuka", collected from a small stream (width 80 cm, depth 2.5, fast flow, pH 7.2, 20.1 °C, partially shaded, elevation 1,157 m,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="10.3" value="19.186193">19°11'10.3"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="41.7" value="101.07825">101°04'41.7"E</geoCoordinate>
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), at Nam Dan Village, Pua District, Nan Province, northern Thailand, 25-VII-2017, by W. Srisuka (Coll. No. 60).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Paratype</emphasis>
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: One female (thorax for DNA analysis) (with its associated pupal exuviae and cocoons) (in 80% ethanol), collected from a small stream (width 40 cm, depth 3.5 cm, bed sandy, moderate flow, pH 7.36, 21.9 °C, partially shaded, elevation 582 m,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="30.2" value="18.758389">18°45'30.2"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="100" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="11.4" value="100.3365">100°20'11.4"E</geoCoordinate>
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), at Chao Wa Waterfall, Song District, Phrae Province, Thailand, 16-III-2017, by W. Srisuka (Coll. No.164).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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Female: mandible without distinct teeth on the outer margin (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Female and pupa of S. songense sp. nov. A female B-D pupa. A mandible (right side) B gill filaments (left side; lateral view) C terminal hooks (caudal view) D cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (D); 0.1 mm (B); 0.01 mm (A, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433885" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">21A</figureCitation>
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). Pupa: short stalk of the ventral pair of gill filaments being half the length of the interspiracular trunk (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Female and pupa of S. songense sp. nov. A female B-D pupa. A mandible (right side) B gill filaments (left side; lateral view) C terminal hooks (caudal view) D cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (D); 0.1 mm (B); 0.01 mm (A, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433885" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">21B</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433885" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" start="Figure 21" startId="F21">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Figure 21.</emphasis>
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Female and pupa of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. songense" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="songense">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">S. songense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">A</emphasis>
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female
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">B-D</emphasis>
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pupa.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">A</emphasis>
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mandible (right side)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">B</emphasis>
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gill filaments (left side; lateral view)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">C</emphasis>
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terminal hooks (caudal view)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">D</emphasis>
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cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">D</emphasis>
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); 0.1 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">B</emphasis>
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); 0.01 mm (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">A, C</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Female</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">N</emphasis>
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= 2). Body length 1.9 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Head.</emphasis>
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Frontal ratio 1.9:1.0:2.6; frons:head ratio 1.0:4.9. Labrum 0.65 times length of clypeus. Maxillary palpus: proportional lengths of third, fourth, and fifth palpal segments 1.0:1.1:2.6; sensory vesicle 0.26-0.29 times length of third palpal segment. Lacinia with nine or ten inner and 13 outer teeth. Mandible (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Female and pupa of S. songense sp. nov. A female B-D pupa. A mandible (right side) B gill filaments (left side; lateral view) C terminal hooks (caudal view) D cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (D); 0.1 mm (B); 0.01 mm (A, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433885" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">21A</figureCitation>
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) with 19 or 20 inner teeth and lacking distinct teeth, though outer margin undulated, appearing to have three weakly developed teeth at some distance from tip.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Legs.</emphasis>
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Foreleg: basitarsus moderately dilated, 5.5 times as long as its greatest width. Midleg: tarsus dark brown to brownish black though basal half of basitarsus dark yellow or light brown (its border not well defined). Hind leg: coxa light brown); tibia yellowish white on basal two-thirds and light brown to brownish black on rest; tarsus brownish black except basal seven-tenths (though base light brown) and basal half of second tarsomere yellowish white; basitarsus 6.2 times as long as wide, and 0.7 and 0.5 times as wide as greatest widths of tibia and femur, respectively; calcipala nearly as long as width at base, and 0.6 times as wide as greatest width of basitarsus; claw with large basal tooth 0.46 times length of claw.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Wing.</emphasis>
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Length 2.0 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Abdomen.</emphasis>
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Dorsal surface of abdomen medium to dark brown except most of segment 2 ochreous (though narrowly darkened along posterior margin).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Terminalia.</emphasis>
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Sternite 8 bare medially, with 28- 31 medium-long to long hairs together with three or four slender short hairs on each side. Ovipositor valves each moderately covered with microsetae interspersed with three to four short hairs. Paraproct in ventral view with four or five sensilla on anteromedial surface; paraproct in lateral view 0.5 times as long as wide, with 29-32 medium-long to long hairs on ventral and lateral surfaces. Cercus in lateral view 0.5 times as long as wide.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Pupa</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">N</emphasis>
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= 2). Body length 3.0 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Head.</emphasis>
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Integument yellow.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Thorax.</emphasis>
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Integument yellow, moderately covered with round tubercles except dorsolateral surface of posterior half sparsely covered with tubercles. Gill (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Female and pupa of S. songense sp. nov. A female B-D pupa. A mandible (right side) B gill filaments (left side; lateral view) C terminal hooks (caudal view) D cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (D); 0.1 mm (B); 0.01 mm (A, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433885" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">21B</figureCitation>
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) composed of eight slender thread-like filaments, arranged as [3+(1+2)]+2 from dorsal to ventral; common basal stalk 0.7-0.8 times length of interspiracular trunk; stalk of ventral pair of filaments 0.6-0.8 times length of common basal stalk, and 0.5 times length of interspiracular trunk; primary stalk of dorsal triplet lying against that of lower pair at angle of 70° when viewed laterally; filaments of dorsal triplet subequal in length (1.8-2.0 mm) and thickness to one another; filaments of middle triplet subequal in length (2.1-2.2 mm) and thickness to one another; two filaments of ventral pair subequal in length (2.4-2.5 mm) and thickness to each other and 1.4-1.7 times as thick as six other filaments of dorsal and middle triplets when compared basally; all filaments yellow to light brown, gradually tapered toward apex; cuticle of all filaments with well-defined annular ridges and furrows though becoming less marked apically, densely covered with minute tubercles.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Abdomen.</emphasis>
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Dorsally, all segments light yellowish; segments 1 and 2 without tubercles; segment 9 with pair of wide flat terminal hooks (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Female and pupa of S. songense sp. nov. A female B-D pupa. A mandible (right side) B gill filaments (left side; lateral view) C terminal hooks (caudal view) D cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (D); 0.1 mm (B); 0.01 mm (A, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433885" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">21C</figureCitation>
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), of which outer margin 2.5-2.6 times length of inner margin and crenulated when viewed caudally.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Cocoon</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Female and pupa of S. songense sp. nov. A female B-D pupa. A mandible (right side) B gill filaments (left side; lateral view) C terminal hooks (caudal view) D cocoon (dorsal view). Scale bars: 1.0 mm (D); 0.1 mm (B); 0.01 mm (A, C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.950.51298.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/433885" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">21D</figureCitation>
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). Pale whitish yellow, slipper-shaped, moderately woven, widely extended ventrolaterally; anterior margin thickly woven medially, without bulge or short projection; individual threads visible only on peripheral portions; 3.4 mm long by 2.4 mm wide.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Male</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">mature larva.</emphasis>
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Unknown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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The species name,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="songense" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="songense">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">songense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, refers to the district, Song, one of the two localities where this species was collected.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Thailand (Nan and Phrae).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
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Lacking teeth on the outer margin of the mandible, the female of this new species seems to be most similar to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. myanmarense" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="myanmarense">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">S. myanmarense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. monglaense" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="monglaense">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">S. monglaense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from Myanmar (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.07.024" author="Takaoka, H" journalOrPublisher="Acta Tropica" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" pagination="39 - 50" refId="B27" refString="Takaoka, H, Srisuka, W, Low, VL, Saeung, A, 2017b. Two new species of the Simulium asakoae species-group of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Myanmar and their phylogenetic relationships within the S. asakoae species-group. Acta Tropica 176: 39 - 50, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.07.024" title="Two new species of the Simulium asakoae species-group of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Myanmar and their phylogenetic relationships within the S. asakoae species-group." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.07.024" volume="176" year="2017 b">Takaoka et al. 2017b</bibRefCitation>
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), but is distinguished from the latter two species by the relative length of the fore basitarsus against its greatest width (5.5 in this new species versus 6.0 in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. myanmarense" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="myanmarense">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">S. myanmarense</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and 6.7 in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. monglaense" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="monglaense">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">S. monglaense</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |