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<mods:title id="6A6A5FE52AE08583F504AB31ED85469A">A revision of dragon millipedes I: genus Desmoxytes Chamberlin, 1923, with the description of eight new species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9EB057B890F04F76E9C41BFC1331A531">Likhitrakarn, Natdanai</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="ECF1F07F3EBA43F4F1526557286209F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<taxonomicName id="873DDA7992A0169982C7FA5334567043" ID-CoL="354BV" authority="Pocock, 1895" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1895" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes planata" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planata">Desmoxytes planata (Pocock, 1895)</taxonomicName>
Figs 5, 6, 7, 8, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D09656CDEBFD8F063B68815573BE50D3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="E481AA6ACAC996A67709FF8FB84B4690" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Prionopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prionopeltis planatus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planatus">Prionopeltis planatus</taxonomicName>
Pocock, 1895: 829.
<bibRefCitation id="D1AE8F017AE96960ED7DF6359A6D2C33" author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Fragmenta Faunistica Supplement" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/46057676" year="1914">Attems 1914</bibRefCitation>
: 204;
<bibRefCitation id="2F8A4BEF86906390E4A2FC70561493B4" author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Indian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="133 - 323" title="Diplopoda of India." volume="11" year="1936">1936</bibRefCitation>
: 215;
<bibRefCitation id="EC9049BE91A2B8577C6B6446485A50FE" author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Das Tierreich" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 300" title="Myriapoda 3. Polydemoidea I, Fam. Strongylosomidae." volume="68" year="1937">1937</bibRefCitation>
: 114.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="32E3ECE6516DADF72D4821E453B706B0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="2258D8B9A664864E66000EAFA01C67CE" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Pratinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pratinus planatus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planatus">Pratinus planatus</taxonomicName>
-
<bibRefCitation id="50876A3C5469DA8D59A271A6AF73BD61" author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Beaufortia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 73" title="Two new species of Pratinus Attems, with taxonomic notes on the genus and a redescription of its type-species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)." url="http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/document/548475" volume="11" year="1964">Jeekel 1964</bibRefCitation>
: 63 (in key); 1968: 61.
<bibRefCitation id="7EAF085EEF2A1598E6B518D3768ED304" author="Mauries, J-P" journalOrPublisher="Revue de Zoologie africaine" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="138 - 168" title="Contributions a l'etude de la faune Terrestre des iles granitiques de l'Archipel des Sechelles (Mission P. L. G. Benoit - J. J. Van Mol 1972). Myriapoda-Diplopoda." volume="9" year="1980">
<normalizedToken id="DEEFED288439B69F5832E584B5E88937" originalValue="Mauriès">Mauries</normalizedToken>
1980
</bibRefCitation>
: 161.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5C5A58D035B0AFFE15E35789A8A7710D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="6682A1C534B0A1C31745994803E3EADB" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes planata" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planata">Desmoxytes planata</taxonomicName>
-
<bibRefCitation id="998436B31ADEDFF0380CB64359DF0A4C" author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Revue suisse de Zoologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="651 - 670" title="The generic allocation of some little-known Paradoxosomatidae from South-East Asia (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41420961" volume="87" year="1980 a">Jeekel 1980a</bibRefCitation>
: 652;
<bibRefCitation id="EC65642E2515DFCBB61732EC5B56CDC9" author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Berichten" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="112 - 127" title="Records of Diplopoda of the order Polydesmida from the Fiji Islands." volume="40" year="1980 b">1980b</bibRefCitation>
: 124.
<bibRefCitation id="56E4A4B32A2BEDEB6ED610B797400747" author="Golovatch, SI" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologica Hungarica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 31" title="Diplopoda collected by the Soviet Zoological Expedition to the Seychelles Islands in 1984." volume="38" year="1992">
Golovatch and
<normalizedToken id="5064DDF061BC94EF6459D6C0DEEFAD74" originalValue="Korsós">Korsos</normalizedToken>
1992
</bibRefCitation>
: 25.
<bibRefCitation id="693FEBE1311A778C53E205141281A359" author="Golovatch, SI" journalOrPublisher="Steenstrupia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="45 - 71" title="Review of the dragon millipedes, genus Desmoxytes Chamberlin, 1923 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)." volume="20" year="1994">Golovatch and Enghoff 1994</bibRefCitation>
: 60.
<bibRefCitation id="DFD6D549AE26812879DCFC222A870E96" author="Shelley, RM" journalOrPublisher="Arthropoda Selecta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="81 - 94" title="Introduced millipeds of the family Paradoxosomatidae on the Pacific islands (Diplopoda: Polydesmida)." volume="7" year="1998">Shelley and Lehtinen 1998</bibRefCitation>
: 88.
<bibRefCitation id="9E2AC1B7701303DE49ECFEBC6E0DE5DA" author="Enghoff, H" journalOrPublisher="Steenstrupia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="87 - 103" title="The millipedes of Thailand (Diplopoda)." url="http://www.zmuc.dk/commonweb/JOURNALS/PDF/Vol29-1/Enghoff.pdf" volume="29" year="2005">Enghoff 2005</bibRefCitation>
: 96.
<bibRefCitation id="B3081C4584BCAAD73CD5F4C975CE8313" author="Decker, P" journalOrPublisher="Schubartiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="23 - 34" title="Contributions to the myriapod fauna of Thailand-New records of millipedes and centipedes from Thailand (Myriapoda: Diplopoda, Chilopoda)." url="http://www.schubartiana.de/issues/pdf/vol4/Decker-2010-Myriapod_fauna_of_Thailand.pdf" volume="4" year="2010">Decker 2010</bibRefCitation>
: 29.
<bibRefCitation id="F6D54028B616F9B4D0B3DCD07E098F8C" author="Nguyen, DA" journalOrPublisher="Check List" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1132 - 1353" title="A worldwide catalog of the family Paradoxosomatidae Daday, 1889 (Diplopoda: Polydesmida)." url="https://doi.org/10.15560/9.6.1132" volume="9" year="2013">Nguyen and Sierwald 2013</bibRefCitation>
: 1240.
<bibRefCitation id="14FDB84B808924FCAA6351D0C1FE04C1" author="Zoysa, HKS" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="451 - 482" title="Annotated checklist of millipedes (Myriapoda: Diplopoda) of Sri Lanka." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4061.5.1" volume="4061" year="2016">Zoysa et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
: 474.
<bibRefCitation id="1186D1A6A3BC259013817860DA3F44B3" author="Golovatch, SI" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 75" title="A species checklist of the millipedes (Myriapoda, Diplopoda) of India." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4129.1.1" volume="4129" year="2016">Golovatch and Wesener 2016</bibRefCitation>
: 45.
<bibRefCitation id="9BCBB95FAEB9D0234619AC0A9EF032C1" author="Likhitrakarn, N" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 46" title="A checklist of the millipedes (Diplopoda) of Myanmar, with an updated list of Leonardo Fea's collecting localities." url="http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4350.1.1" volume="4350" year="2017">Likhitrakarn et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
: 20.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BF579FAC287EF9B336EF85F44EDF7606" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="C3E3987935EAF20ECF7715C8FC904E3C" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes coniger" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coniger">Desmoxytes coniger</taxonomicName>
Chamberlin, 1923: 165.
<bibRefCitation id="978683ECBCE7FCBE16AA859012CA43FB" author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Revue suisse de Zoologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="651 - 670" title="The generic allocation of some little-known Paradoxosomatidae from South-East Asia (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41420961" volume="87" year="1980 a">Jeekel 1980a</bibRefCitation>
: 652 (synonymised).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="24F045DDD14C6A8CF5F6C6947FB27546" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="62A0FDFBA9581AA9F348D1E3B00AC453" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Euphyodesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euphyodesmus greeni" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">Euphyodesmus greeni</taxonomicName>
(Silv.) Attems, 1936: 213.
<bibRefCitation id="664CCA074116727142022D0E8E45BB33" author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Revue suisse de Zoologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="651 - 670" title="The generic allocation of some little-known Paradoxosomatidae from South-East Asia (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41420961" volume="87" year="1980 a">Jeekel 1980a</bibRefCitation>
: 652 (synonymised).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4351F7E4182B3A83942145F47AF20A1C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="986DFF3D82F3F620CAB5B5588DF4BFAB" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Euphyodesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euphyodesmus greeni" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">Euphyodesmus greeni</taxonomicName>
-
<bibRefCitation id="DBFE03B621EA5D62008744BA6A6F5D35" author="Attems, C" journalOrPublisher="Das Tierreich" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 300" title="Myriapoda 3. Polydemoidea I, Fam. Strongylosomidae." volume="68" year="1937">Attems 1937</bibRefCitation>
: 128.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B652AE4A7A88B252AFD74BA3F00863A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="8C7D5E2B705C1B4367555D9BC7769F15" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Pratinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pratinus greeni" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greeni">Pratinus greeni</taxonomicName>
-
<bibRefCitation id="0CD12B3478775FE5E92213CF49BE66FE" author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Beaufortia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 73" title="Two new species of Pratinus Attems, with taxonomic notes on the genus and a redescription of its type-species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)." url="http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/document/548475" volume="11" year="1964">Jeekel 1964</bibRefCitation>
: 63 (in key).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9060418B90D51907D9DDB67E902B0322" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="8D20ED1126EE0C8A23314D0D3DD03910" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Euphyodesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euphyodesmus (Ceylonesmus) vector" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vector" subGenus="Ceylonesmus">Euphyodesmus (Ceylonesmus) vector</taxonomicName>
Chamberlin, 1941: 33.
<bibRefCitation id="30D65963C8CBB889790EF7CD67EB4830" author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Revue suisse de Zoologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="651 - 670" title="The generic allocation of some little-known Paradoxosomatidae from South-East Asia (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41420961" volume="87" year="1980 a">Jeekel 1980a</bibRefCitation>
: 652 (synonymised).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D653987F81F9A6AACBE93C0B74C79A2C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="4AC4080DA3C47C797DAB6832D20FBFA3" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Pratinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pratinus vector" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vector">Pratinus vector</taxonomicName>
-
<bibRefCitation id="651FC90E1BAC2DB916D3AD85861ACC47" author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Beaufortia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="61 - 73" title="Two new species of Pratinus Attems, with taxonomic notes on the genus and a redescription of its type-species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)." url="http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/document/548475" volume="11" year="1964">Jeekel 1964</bibRefCitation>
: 63 (in key).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1697231C7F77FB4C90A3F46730161008" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="5FC89B31DBA90943FB1E97FCC5EB6A30" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Pratinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pratinus rastrituberus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rastrituberus">Pratinus rastrituberus</taxonomicName>
Zhang, 1986: 255.
<bibRefCitation id="5FF6D45C222C345A9B20629F513D482A" author="Golovatch, SI" journalOrPublisher="Steenstrupia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="45 - 71" title="Review of the dragon millipedes, genus Desmoxytes Chamberlin, 1923 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)." volume="20" year="1994">Golovatch and Enghoff 1994</bibRefCitation>
: 60 (synonymised).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AF01584EE846ACEB4FBB1C3E28EA3600" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D6AB09B5F6DDA83BB869F67652855B7D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B1E9594D0C9238C4550AA8155D04CAE5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Lectotype. Male (NHMUK, 1892.5.4.64-74), MYANMAR, Andaman Sea, Great Cocos Island, leg. E. W. Oates; designated by
<bibRefCitation id="A31294953224EC51F1CDA7C63E76B8AB" author="Mauries, J-P" journalOrPublisher="Revue de Zoologie africaine" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="138 - 168" title="Contributions a l'etude de la faune Terrestre des iles granitiques de l'Archipel des Sechelles (Mission P. L. G. Benoit - J. J. Van Mol 1972). Myriapoda-Diplopoda." volume="9" year="1980">
<normalizedToken id="1F9B2C93DD7C43E1905F4345D8BA05A9" originalValue="Mauriès">Mauries</normalizedToken>
(1980)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E645B51069FCD162F1F395672C58E6B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paralectotypes. 1 male, 2 females pinned through body (&gt;10 males and&gt;15 females broken and mixed) (NHMUK), MYANMAR, Andaman Sea, Great Cocos Island, leg. E. W. Oates.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EB9CBAD3B0ED20D3213B953A8854F86E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="9FBEE80597CB6EF93863435F5B8C96AF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Other material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8FFCD136412296CCE2BA023982423A65" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
CHINA: 8 males, 2 females (CUMZ), Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Mengla, 213 national road near Menglunzhen, Munlun Village,
<geoCoordinate id="BAA78FD84ECFCB03EFD7C0F687F27DB7" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="21.944443">21°56'40&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1176CCECE1D2ACBCB558E6CEDF8BF5D7" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="101.229164">101°13'45&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 576 m a.s.l., 26 November 2016, leg. S. Panha, C. Sutcharit and E. Jeratthitikul.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="03E98903268824C9456F04B6DC5D9E0C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
FIJI: 1 female, 1 juvenile (ZMUC), Viti Levu Suva, in garden, 2-3 September 1995, leg. A. Van Harten. 1 male (ZMUC), Upper Sigataka Valley, 6 March 1995, leg. A. Van Harten. 1 female (ZMUC), Colo-i-Suva Forest Park, 10 January 1995, leg. A. Van Harten. 3 females (ZMUC), Viti Levu, Colo-i-Suva Forest Park, 23-27 August 1995, leg. A. Van Harten. 1 male (ZMUC), Viti Levu, Colo-i-Suva Forest Park, 3 March 1995, leg. A. Van Harten. 4 males (ZMUC), Viti Levu, Colo-i-Suva Forest Park, 22 October 1995, leg. A. Van Harten. 1 male (ZMUC), Viti Levu, Colo-i-Suva Forest Park, 1995, leg. A. Van Harten. 1 male (ZMUC), Colo-i-Suva Forest Park, 29
<normalizedToken id="606340D88EABC326F9D03082469198B2" originalValue="March–">March-</normalizedToken>
6 April 1995, leg. A. Van Harten.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B105F4385FDF1C4A3B12552F13CFC3A1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
MYANMAR: 4 males (CUMZ), Tanintharyi Region, Myeik, 20 km northeast of Monoron, near Lenya National Park, Lampane Village, Ngawun Chaung River,
<geoCoordinate id="9587CE292EB27AEB103E2F5605AA18C2" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="11.671667">11°40'18&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="30601AF9C616A0C2363FC73D55479F47" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.224724">99°13'29&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 44 m a.s.l., 9 June 2015, leg. ASRU members and FFI staff.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="611CA64FD18D8EF0ABC2ED8F8A147795" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
SEYCHELLES: 2 females (ZMUC),
<normalizedToken id="6794E511B54B2D06E057491E2C54A911" originalValue="Mahé">Mahe</normalizedToken>
, ca. 50 m above Hotel Reef (near airport), under dead banana leaves, 8 October 1997, leg. H. Sturm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6CE818E999ABC1D2AFA608A751654436" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">THAILAND:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1FECC767DDACAAFB6033DF8F233724BA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Chiang Mai Province: 1 female (ZMUC), Mae Rim District, Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden, June 1998. leg. R. Meier. 2 males, 6 females (ZMUC), Chiang Mai Province, Chiang Mai, in garden, ca. 300 m a.s.l., 26 September 1981, leg. ZMUC staff. 1 male, 1 female (ZMUC), Chiang Mai, in garden, ca. 300 m a.s.l., 2 October 1981, leg. ZMUC staff. 1 female (ZMUC), Doi Inthanon National Park, Siripum Waterfall, ca. 1200-1300 m a.s.l., 2 October 1981, leg. ZMUC staff. 1 female (ZMUC), Fang Horticultural Station, ca. 1200-1300 m a.s.l., 21 October 1981, leg. ZMUC staff. 2 females, 2 juveniles (CUMZ), Chiang Dao District, Wat Tham Chiang Dao,
<geoCoordinate id="0E99CDA436C9FC8B242DE0771775D256" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="19.39611">19°23'46&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7E54832F21A224E12D60A95F255FC99F" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.92916">98°55'45&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 442 m a.s.l., 20 July 2008, leg. ASRU members. 1 female (CUMZ), Mueang Chiang Mai District, 700 years house of Chiang Mai, 2 October 2009, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 1 female (CUMZ), Mueang Chiang Mai District, 700 years house of Chiang Mai, 2 October 2009, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members. 1 female (CUMZ), Mae On District, Mae Kampong Waterfall,
<geoCoordinate id="9BDA3FFD59D1AAE979C08D153F21C3AC" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="18.865557">18°51'56&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9D5D0237F28FA2986378963118930083" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.354996">99°21'18&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 1069 m a.s.l., 27 September 2009, leg. S. Panha and ASRU members.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="046C4171BE752C2F3489FFDA265D369F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Chiang Rai Province: 7 males, 4 females (CUMZ), Mae Lao District, Dong Mada Subdistrict, Huai Kon Kom, beside road no.118,
<geoCoordinate id="CED5FAF55B36F9EDE54F0CA65CECC7D0" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="19.748611">19°44'55&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="8F10A72FEAB768428AA1A7F62A4C8388" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.659164">99°39'33&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 472 m a.s.l., 27 November 2009, leg. ASRU members.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C96D7CF907AC2C76F1DC65C95E5DE5B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Chumphon Province: 1 male, 1 female (CUMZ), Pathio District, Phitsadarn Cave (Tham Phitsadarn),
<geoCoordinate id="DEDB416E7B7AFE9291FAEEAAC62C181A" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="10.76">10°45'36&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="53504540F89DA1CA335C9C048BB4E322" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.22945">99°13'46&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 106 m a.s.l., 29 August 2015, leg. ASRU members. 2 females (CUMZ), Pathio District, Phitsadarn Cave (Tham Phitsadarn),
<geoCoordinate id="7C4CFD78FD99F81A3B23250154EE099B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="10.76">10°45'36&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="100A562AE94C92546A90B597DFE3FE9B" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.22945">99°13'46&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 106 m a.s.l., 5 January 2017, leg. ASRU members.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="365DC33036309653F6EF1E8E2983248D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Kanchanaburi Province: 14 males, 11 females, 2 juveniles (CUMZ), Thong Pha Phum District, Thong Pha Phum Forest Garden,
<geoCoordinate id="6CD96B6B05655A3F4EF63F3AF0996B8F" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="14.668334">14°40'06&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="41FF8DDCA3388EFA808D71A630F8E2FF" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.595">98°35'42&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 171 m a.s.l., 8 May 2014, leg. ASRU members. 1 male, 5 females (CUMZ), Thong Pha Phum District, Thong Pha Phum Forest Garden,
<geoCoordinate id="70BFB5F14EEDD86279E7B6E80F8F06D2" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="14.668334">14°40'06&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="767F9F027A213A76790C8BB21E410B15" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.595">98°35'42&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 171 m a.s.l., 24 July 2016, leg. P. Pimvichai, T. Backeljau, P. Prasankok and N. Nantarat. 2 males, 2 females, (CUMZ), Thong Pha Phum District, Huai Ka Yeng Hot Spring,
<geoCoordinate id="F112031D3EDBF1C31B36CCEFB1D0BE4E" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="14.649166">14°38'57&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="0E2EB09B1BF681D7A434D39AC358804A" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.524445">98°31'28&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 202 m a.s.l., 9 May 2014, leg. ASRU members. 1 male (CUMZ), Thong Pha Phum District, Wat Huay Charoen Srattha Tham,
<geoCoordinate id="F6FA727BCBDB7EAF226F77DB549CD073" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="14.657499">14°39'27&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="88C8048596B6DA33E098546AD84A5CA9" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.52723">98°31'38&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 202 m a.s.l., 9 May 2014, leg. ASRU members. 2 males, 2 females (CUMZ), Sangkhla Buri District, Kroeng Krawia Waterfall,
<geoCoordinate id="EBF48C24C0F8BEB1D5F0E32F5F14B9A1" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="14.981944">14°58'55&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D9E04F15F7523F5A063E4C318AB62DC7" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.63167">98°37'54&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 258 m a.s.l., 10 July 2009, leg. ASRU members. 2 females, 1 juvenile (CUMZ), Sri Sawat District, Erawan Waterfall National Park,
<geoCoordinate id="A319A0CDD90167C80265FFBA87DD37A2" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="14.369166">14°22'09&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="46A13FA7018F7384FA9D74D08FF0B8BC" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.14472">99°08'41&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 102 m a.s.l., 28 August 2011, leg. ASRU members. 1 male, 1 broken fragment (CUMZ), Thong Pha Phum District, Tham Khao Noi Bureau of Monks,
<geoCoordinate id="2B5A9AD932E936951351A4E4B3C1EE15" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="14.698611">14°41'55&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="4C95BA2C80E8000AEDA11DCDF0219F0F" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.526115">98°31'34&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 233 m a.s.l., 21 August 2015, leg. R. Srisonchai and C. Sutcharit. 3 females, 6 juvenile (CUMZ), Thong Pha Phum District, Kroeng Krawia Check Point,
<geoCoordinate id="EAC6C0719F2D7F919489C305CD532BE6" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="14.942223">14°56'32&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="116041C4B271770E3FAB97270A6C64AB" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.66944">98°40'10&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 343 m a.s.l., 12 October 2015, leg. C. Sutcharit and ASRU members. 8 males, 9 females (CUMZ), Sangkhla Buri District, Wat Tham Su Kho,
<geoCoordinate id="82CCE68D463041399CBC26B5158F51BC" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="15.037223">15°02'14&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="DB8B144847B8763990976D22520F56CE" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.58278">98°34'58&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 194 m a.s.l., 16 August 2016, leg. C. Sutcharit and ASRU members. 1 female (CUMZ), Sangkhla Buri District, Kra Teng Jeng Waterfall,
<geoCoordinate id="FD7A950E27A13749A0F24D1D6D7B596C" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="15.025">15°01'30&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="143C76E282A5EA6277B9F5214484D402" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.60083">98°36'03&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 202 m a.s.l., 16 August 2016, leg. C. Sutcharit and ASRU members. 7 males, 1 female (CUMZ), Sangkhla Buri District, Ban Song Karia, beside road no. 323,
<geoCoordinate id="C3C39BC9F2DD6EE4310CC94B18CEFE6C" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="15.216944">15°13'01&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5200B39BEA62144764E2AB7218A37506" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.45166">98°27'06&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 204 m a.s.l., 16 August 2016, leg. C. Sutcharit and ASRU members. 19 males, 26 females (CUMZ), Sangkhla Buri District, Tham Thep Prachao Praya Nak Kharach, 16 August 2016, leg. C. Sutcharit and ASRU members. 1 female (CUMZ), Sangkhla Buri District, Tham Kaeo Sawan Bandhan,
<geoCoordinate id="DCBC98A0B850DBCD1D4CBA83798B0743" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="15.305">15°18'18&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EC8947EF1935CE3B2A63E222A6C696C6" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.41583">98°24'57&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 339 m a.s.l., 16 August 2016, leg. C. Sutcharit and ASRU members. 2 females (CUMZ), Thong Pha Phum District, Wat Tha Kha-nun,
<geoCoordinate id="F5E3EE8FF3D76E9684D1D39044AA2FFE" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="14.743334">14°44'36&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="996FC45E236992DEB00A40D009E9C54B" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.63861">98°38'19&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 113 m a.s.l., 16 August 2016, leg. C. Sutcharit and ASRU members. 4 males, 9 females (CUMZ), Thong Pha Phum District, Phuphrai Thannam Resort,
<geoCoordinate id="B45FADBE70212BD44D1C7318AFB4359F" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="14.735278">14°44'07&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="91F8DD00172DC4C54F2B957D79CC87AD" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.644165">98°38'39&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 110 m a.s.l., 16 August 2016, leg. C. Sutcharit and ASRU members. 3 males (CUMZ), Mueang Kanchanaburi District, Lat Ya Subdistrict, Klong Ta Ploen, 19 December 2016, leg. E. Jeratthitikul.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="19C2FB0FBC660ABCAD263CC17424B379" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Lampang Province: 1 male, 5 male fragments, 5 females (CUMZ), Mae Mo District, Chao Por Pra Thu Pha Shrine,
<geoCoordinate id="CF41EC978313C44F82914CEC17698291" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="18.513334">18°30'48&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C1D22B131574B735579C765FDE160D06" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.820274">99°49'13&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 587 m a.s.l., 23 October 2008, leg. ASRU members. 1 female (CUMZ), Mae Mo District, Chao Por Pra Thu Pha Shrine,
<geoCoordinate id="72C711D5232B2E3421F9245D9F60FC19" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="18.513334">18°30'48&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7EDB1F9283DBF7D33DBB34B59A783A63" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.820274">99°49'13&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 587 m a.s.l., 22 October 2015, leg. ASRU members.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A6602AA22F8345C168B3E5C12AA4966E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Mae Hong Son Province: 12 males, 12 females (CUMZ), Mueang Mae Hong Son District, Tham Pla-Namtok Pha Suea National Park,
<geoCoordinate id="6C9F8F9555DCBF48CB0717894AAB70C8" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="19.501944">19°30'07&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="49E0A6C4D7895952F16DA09413CC99B6" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.006386">98°00'23&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 398 m a.s.l., 19 July 2008, leg. ASRU members. 1 male, 5 females, 6 juveniles (CUMZ), Mae Sariang District, Mae Sariang Highway Division,
<geoCoordinate id="A1268F6B76F8481CDBD5FBB30D7627ED" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="18.21028">18°12'37&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1860FCCC79113F28DE211DBD6E39A9C8" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="97.9375">97°56'15&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 296 m a.s.l., 16 January 2015, leg. ASRU members. 9 males, 14 females (CUMZ), Mueang Mae Hong Son District, Tham Phadaeng,
<geoCoordinate id="49AE0F72D90DB03A75684A9157AA1209" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="19.423056">19°25'23&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="A74F33424154AA4213D6897004550F2C" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="97.98444">97°59'04&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 288 m a.s.l., 19 September 2008, leg. ASRU members.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F4B63E6494EEBB8658B58D5B26286F7C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Phayao Province: 5 males, 6 females (CUMZ), Phusang District, Phu Sang Waterfall,
<geoCoordinate id="7BBBF05E3EC6935AE934209E98931A3D" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="19.66361">19°39'49&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="56D6E7BD0F6286B21914713A17462630" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="100.37667">100°22'36&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 472 m a.s.l., 24 October 2008, leg. ASRU members. 1 male (CUMZ), Phusang District, Phu Sang Waterfall,
<geoCoordinate id="794C7490AD535F960F9CCC6D3B7B18C0" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="19.66361">19°39'49&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="0F14AB69F75FBA64E5F81ACA37E675CF" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="100.37667">100°22'36&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 472 m a.s.l., 11 October 2014, leg. ASRU members. 1 broken male, 3 females (CUMZ), Phusang District, Phu Sang Waterfall,
<geoCoordinate id="4A14B02517C3749707736EFE9D52E64E" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="19.66361">19°39'49&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ADE69B9A8A6374CC882EDCC0E8E283A4" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="100.37667">100°22'36&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 472 m a.s.l., 19 November 2012, leg. ASRU members. 1 male, 3 females (CUMZ), Chiang Kham District, Tham Phadaeng,
<geoCoordinate id="1DC56A0B636EC3CCDE812D087B4C109C" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="19.5">19°30'00&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7DA1AB5CB75B3F9EEFFA4884F9DF88D9" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="100.452774">100°27'10&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 495 m a.s.l., 24 October 2008, leg. ASRU members.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0F3282115544E4647C6CF7F700E5248E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Phetchaburi Province: Mixed rings - probably 2 males (CUMZ), Kaeng Krachan District, Huai Mae Priang Subdistrict, Ban Dan Ngo,
<geoCoordinate id="F74DEE0F45507198A30471555A86AFC9" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="12.811389">12°48'41&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="34DB1E04C4EC507B6633A5131B9A881F" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.56278">99°33'46&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 252 m a.s.l., 1 September 2007, leg. ASRU members. 1 male, 4 females, 1 juvenile (CUMZ), Khao Yoi District, Wat Paung Malai (Wat Tham Khao Iko),
<geoCoordinate id="21174FF57871F7885E2FC00D68A6DCD1" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="13.3116665">13°18'42&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF27B2C5E4579BA52B493AD42D0A4499" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.784164">99°47'03&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 42 m a.s.l., 24 August 2016, leg. ASRU members. 17 males, 16 females (CUMZ), Khao Yoi District, Wat Paung Malai (Wat Tham Khao Iko),
<geoCoordinate id="EA509F83CD41478077B09B08557E48FC" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="13.3116665">13°18'42&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="0EDC0140DD5727B2BF49F068C18399D2" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.784164">99°47'03&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 42 m a.s.l., 24 October 2016, leg. ASRU members.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1CB372092250A45C749AC9CF7482294A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Phrae Province: 3 males, 3 females (CUMZ), Rong Kwang District, Huai Rong Waterfall,
<geoCoordinate id="2D298D9A92006FF10230F725A5AD7655" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="18.44111">18°26'28&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="37D587175306223B52D9B87E5FD9B4B1" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="100.450005">100°26'60&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 441 m a.s.l., 31 August 2014, leg. ASRU members. 2 females (CUMZ), Den Chai District, Suan Sai Thong Restaurant,
<geoCoordinate id="1E160240D41B410B70D5C298FE421119" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="17.97139">17°58'17&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1330E67E21BF3591E13F50A3FA7FAD64" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="100.07278">100°04'22&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 170 m a.s.l., 9 October 2008, leg. ASRU members. 1 male, 2 females (CUMZ), Den Chai District, Suan Sai Thong Restaurant,
<geoCoordinate id="E41323BCFA9272EC35C6FC3CE95EEA27" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="17.97139">17°58'17&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2C17D5CE55FF9F6C7362D11720AB0258" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="100.07278">100°04'22&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 170 m a.s.l., 24 August 2014, leg. ASRU members. 31 males, 30 females (CUMZ), Den Chai District, Suan Sai Thong Restaurant,
<geoCoordinate id="79E54E9E3956CCD5C9A9DBE893D51276" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="17.97139">17°58'17&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="B57C40163C4488A20BCA8D9A6879742C" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="100.07278">100°04'22&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 170 m a.s.l., 31 August 2014, leg. ASRU members.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A439BDDDF18E7E2A381E8169D491AC3D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Prachuap Khiri Khan Province: 1 male, 1 female, broken and mixed rings (CUMZ), Bang Saphan District, Wat Khao Tham Ma Rong,
<geoCoordinate id="585C7ED85DAFCD599C2A8BBE03D19785" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="11.201388">11°12'05&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="48DB16AE09F71DD3BBA5C7459209C29B" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.49777">99°29'52&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 22 m a.s.l., 12 October 2008, leg. ASRU members. 8 males, 4 females (CUMZ), Kui Buri District, Hat Kham Subdistrict, near Kui Buri National Park,
<geoCoordinate id="6994A9CC739C53936D78F27D487460CD" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="12.053612">12°03'13&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2E0153C89F46E91E60C6AF53E3A6CA78" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.63139">99°37'53&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 141 m a.s.l., 7 August 2014, leg. ASRU members. 7 males, 4 females (CUMZ), Kui Buri District, Hat Kham Subdistrict, near Kui Buri National Park,
<geoCoordinate id="C5388961C434C95490CA0ED52278AE35" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="12.053612">12°03'13&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ABC9AE03E20AECD38CA83AFC3EE58499" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.63139">99°37'53&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 141 m a.s.l., 9 August 2016, leg. ASRU members. 4 males, 1 female (CUMZ), Kui Buri District, Hat Kham Subdistrict, near Kui Buri National Park,
<geoCoordinate id="B5C45813AD0A4E5897E163B9A5D5B77E" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="12.053612">12°03'13&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E1E07CFC31A8FF27147248426EC765CB" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.63139">99°37'53&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 141 m a.s.l., 11 October 2010, leg. ASRU members. 9 males, 12 females (CUMZ), Mueang Prachuap Khiri Khan District, Khao Ta Mong Lai Forest Park,
<geoCoordinate id="86C8FE04D08D6477E78BF5AD545FECBF" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="11.846944">11°50'49&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="AB894EE173F3E6E1C9F693C42EDC9FC5" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.826385">99°49'35&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 14 m a.s.l., 24 October 2016, leg. ASRU members.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E38AB4BC5251E37BC3011A6876C4073" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Ratchaburi Province: 1 female (CUMZ), Mueang District, Khao Bin Cave,
<geoCoordinate id="9C282F131F6D9CD4B51F5920316A57CC" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="13.593611">13°35'37&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="0B5AAF023B0FB90FDDB7FF8E6B64C31A" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.666664">99°40'00&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 73 m a.s.l., 8 September 1973, leg. CUMZ staff.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA317357FD5F07768C729EC2C439E73F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Sa Kaeo Province: 2 males, 2 females (CUMZ), Mueang Sa Kaeo District, Tayak Subdistrict, near Pang Sida National Park,
<geoCoordinate id="525FF9E63AFAC616ED0751B34E6D9EB0" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="13.973888">13°58'26&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="A0029D658451F7B869E4AAF13A744228" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="102.20416">102°12'15&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 68 m a.s.l., 17 July 2016, leg. A. Pholyotha.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DD5BBC4CCF6424058CA079ABCFB385C3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Saraburi Province: 1 male (CUMZ), Muak Lek District, Chet Sao Noi Waterfall,
<geoCoordinate id="27C04804B0881B92823E8296509F271D" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="14.735278">14°44'07&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="A20B37539022F190A6625B4D0E13550F" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="101.191666">101°11'30&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 158 m a.s.l., 11 October 2014, leg. S. Panha, P. Tongkerd and A. Pholyotha.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="433E25A614174B55D271E5206ECDC706" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Tak Province: 2 males, 3 females, 1 fragment of male (CUMZ), Phop Phra District, Pha Charoen Waterfall,
<geoCoordinate id="AEBACEE28DCEF582A6D1AFD36FA2DADA" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="16.501112">16°30'04&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EA9810F252E3E2A545C8B5EA9F60BE9F" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.75166">98°45'06&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 649 m a.s.l., 5 July 2009, leg. ASRU members. 3 males, 2 females, 1 juvenile, broken and mixed fragments (CUMZ), Umphang District, Khun Danai Restaurant,
<geoCoordinate id="C919F1F7CE4C7A386D6310A06D1A0D3D" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="16.042221">16°02'32&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="832EBFD0FECC56157B67CAC612B1F24A" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.84861">98°50'55&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 466 m a.s.l., 6 July 2009, leg. ASRU members. 1 broken male (CUMZ), Mae Sot District, PK House Hotel,
<geoCoordinate id="AC4715CD21ACD04A53AF32B805590193" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="16.7275">16°43'39&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="3E6F167726CE48BD2A437066D4BA1B19" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.570274">98°34'13&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 217 m a.s.l., 5 July 2009, leg. ASRU members. 2 males, 4 females, 6 juveniles (CUMZ), Phop Phra District, Um Piam Village,
<geoCoordinate id="2E90E4158B2051CB3609EEA358FA929B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="16.409166">16°24'33&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D9DE9101FA778CF0BD20F0AEB0A8839C" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.00611">99°00'22&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 1088 m a.s.l., 1 July 2015, leg. ASRU members. 7 males, 1 female, 1 juvenile (CUMZ), Umphang District, Thi Lo Su Riverside Resort,
<geoCoordinate id="DD6200B659CA40772BE0ED10CF887AF4" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="16.046389">16°02'47&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="28A672A81AD5EF24277A86AC9F49DEDD" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.8525">98°51'09&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 470 m a.s.l., 1 July 2015, leg. ASRU members. 20 specimens (CUMZ), Phop Phra District, Chao Por Phawo Phop Phra Shrine, near Ban Ja Dee Kho,
<geoCoordinate id="5C8FAFE0FA1B7AEACD403D22F31BBE8D" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="16.569445">16°34'10&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C753145988539BA58F8E2D6ECF2AF24E" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.667496">98°40'03&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 554 m a.s.l., 2 July 2015, leg. ASRU members. 1 male (CUMZ), Umphang District, Mae Klong Kee Bureau of Monks,
<geoCoordinate id="8E93ED212033B2CF61577BC7C4FEB51B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="16.229445">16°13'46&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D89DE44429A0454821583FD265BC20C2" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="98.92">98°55'12&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 586 m a.s.l., 30 June 2015, leg. ASRU members.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="559003C08EBB1A9477AE3EEAF21949F2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="F1BB05A84A524B6542D0D93566E228FA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="729C895972D15F986DD0BC56DE167678" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Body black or brownish black; collum with three transverse rows of setae and setiferous tubercles (4+4 anterior setae, 1+1 intermediate and 2+2 posterior tubercles); metaterga 2-16 with two rows of 2+2 (anterior) setiferous cones and 2+2 (posterior) setiferous spines; ventral ridge (vrl) of lamina lateralis conspicuous; process (plm) of lamina medialis long, directed almost mesad; distal lobe (dlm) distally with two distinct lamellae. Similar in these respects to
<taxonomicName id="A139812B832C9EAD6F3262B15ECB6872" lsidName="D. euros" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="euros">D. euros</taxonomicName>
sp. n., but differs from that species by having paraterga vivid pink and hypoproct subtrapeziform with inconspicuous setiferous tubercles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E1A025D064B51CC0CAD0ECFBAD720C73" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="3422C80E75D218D68EA7B7BFEB7728F4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0FB4B3BB5F5040CBBBF82EE12D07E04E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Great Cocos Island, Andaman Sea [Myanmar, Yangon Region].</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5AC9251589C18754886EBC53DB142F1E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="redescription">
<paragraph id="746E62C4B1542E63B715FBF2029FE924" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Redescription.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0FC41F69CE39E19ACBC0A358E2323C1A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">SIZE: Length 16-26 mm (male), 20-28 mm (female); width of midbody metazona ca. 1.8 mm (male), 2.1 mm (female). Width of head ≤ collum ≥ body ring 2 ≥ 3 = 4 &lt;5-16, thereafter body gradually tapering towards telson.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B8CADFE17628BBB1B0A5100FA2FCA07" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">COLOUR (Figs 67, 68A, B): In life with body black or brownish black; head, antenna (except distal part of antennomere 7 and antennomere 8 whitish), metaterga, and surface below paraterga brownish black; paraterga vivid pink; sterna pinkish brown; epiproct brown; legs brownish pink; a few basal podomeres pinkish white. Colour in alcohol: after 120 years changed to pale brown, after 2-10 years changed to brown or pale brown.</paragraph>
<caption id="96E441F180AFB02328069BA021134419" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="3421B407557B51440088FAD45C8FAF01" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 67. Photographs of live
<taxonomicName id="6AD28505D08AAD24891B6200808DB9D8" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes planata" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planata">Desmoxytes planata</taxonomicName>
(Pocock, 1895) - males. A specimen from Xishuangbanna, Mengla (China) B specimen from Suan Sai Thong Restaurant, Phrae (Thailand) C specimen from Lampane Village, Nguwun Chuang River (Myanmar) D specimen from Wat Khao Tham Ma Rong, Prachuap Khiri Khan (Thailand).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="A7464E208C056E1F5A0582B9D04E97CA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="317B55F1A812532B385F98485547AAF6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 68. Photographs of live
<taxonomicName id="E101E6C7E4D35F56D908F217D376E470" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes planata" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planata">Desmoxytes planata</taxonomicName>
(Pocock, 1895) and habitats. A female B mating couple
<normalizedToken id="7B973F98B20123E74239BED59231C9C1" originalValue="C–E">C-E</normalizedToken>
synanthropic areas F, G limestone area near synanthropic area.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="4DB070C8F37ED5316A757D1414869751" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">ANTENNAE (Fig. 69D): Moderately long and slender, reaching to body ring 5 or 6 (male) and 4 or 5 (female) when stretched dorsally.</paragraph>
<caption id="312108DFB3A38B84182CBD4F5F736332" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="EC13EAC4F1421294095665E994CB045C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 69.
<taxonomicName id="C6B3A011FB9D1A25C2E414ED2171E2E6" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes planata" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planata">Desmoxytes planata</taxonomicName>
(Pocock, 1895), specimen from Suan Sai Thong Restaurant. A anterior body part B body rings 8-10 (op = ozopore) C posteriormost body rings and telson D head and antenna E paraterga of ring 10 (arrow = tiny denticle) F body ring 10.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="4B5616BC34DCD17E890864AA330C159E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">COLLUM (Fig. 69A): With 3 transverse rows of setae and setiferous tubercles, 4+4 anterior setae, 1+1 intermediate and 2+2 posterior tubercles (lateral seta in anterior row located almost at base of paraterga in some specimens, posterior tubercles in posterior row bigger than others); paraterga of collum low, elevated at ca. 10°-15°, directed caudolaterad, with one inconspicuous notch on lateral margin.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AD7968D5FF013EF9730F232EBDB25D49" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">TEGUMENT: Slightly shining; prozona finely shagreened; metaterga and surface below paraterga finely microgranulate; collum, sterna and epiproct smooth.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="94AD13C0AB2F29C258A6C6CE97C81216" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
METATERGA (Fig. 69
<normalizedToken id="D6BB0C28470C4F6784E148926AD96814" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
): With 2 transverse rows of setiferous tubercles/cones/spines; metaterga 2-17 with 2+2 anterior tubercles/cones and 2+2 posterior cones/spines (lectotype and paralectotypes all with 2+2 anterior tubercles and 2+2 posterior tubercles/cones on metaterga 2-17); metaterga 18 and 19 with 2+2 anterior and 2+2 posterior tubercles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EF7EA597D5E3571F34CEF8CF88E1AB54" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">PARATERGA (Fig. 69E, F): Directed caudolaterad on body rings 2-17, elevated at ca. 45° (male) 40° (female), in lectotype and paralectotypes less elevated than in others: at ca. 40° in male and 35° in female; directed increasingly caudad on body rings 18 and 19; anterior margin with 2 distinct notches, on lateral margin of body rings 9, 10, 12, 13, 15-18 with tiny denticle near the tip (tiny denticle of lectotype and paralectotypes poorly developed).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="26BDDA142FC1518FB6D06A08384A98C1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
TELSON (Fig. 70
<normalizedToken id="C688397CB7080853A6539556251C2A06" originalValue="C–G">C-G</normalizedToken>
): Epiproct: tip usually subtruncate (in some specimens slightly emarginate); lateral setiferous tubercles and apical tubercles usually conspicuous (in some specimens inconspicuous). Hypoproct subtrapeziform; caudal margin round, with inconspicuous setiferous tubercles.
</paragraph>
<caption id="6D2A00C461F8B597B55736D5B9FC6738" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="924A94FD03FC888FE5357153756EABDF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 70.
<taxonomicName id="6952009BC3B1227704C9EAD8A74E5EE0" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes planata" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planata">Desmoxytes planata</taxonomicName>
(Pocock, 1895), specimen from Suan Sai Thong Restaurant. A body rings 8-10 B sculpture of ring 10 C, E last ring and telson D hypoproct F, G epiproct H male leg 5 (right) I male leg 6 (right) J male leg 13 (right).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="DB9B56DB823FA86176026A09D95D3421" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">STERNA (Fig. 71): Cross-impressions shallow. Sternal lobe between male coxae 4 swollen subtrapeziform/subsemicircular when seen in caudal view (round in lectotype and paralectotypes); base stout; slightly attenuated near tip; tip usually subtruncate (in some specimens round).</paragraph>
<caption id="13D2934F9B1B57E409EC948ADDD14E18" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="C8D7114789EE7729466CEFD69A970F4E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 71.
<taxonomicName id="1C05B3E612161358546B74BCCF85C5C3" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes planata" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planata">Desmoxytes planata</taxonomicName>
(Pocock, 1895), population from Suan Sai Thong Restaurant - sternal lobe between male coxae 4. A lateral view B ventral view C caudal view (specimen from Fiji only)
<normalizedToken id="0209DD9486CDFFCF7F841E52C07581C2" originalValue="D–F">D-F</normalizedToken>
caudal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B6673DB51AF95EC20E64F33E0AAC384B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
LEGS (Fig. 70
<normalizedToken id="48005F3BBA701FB05BEE80B125D1A633" originalValue="H–J">H-J</normalizedToken>
): Long and slender. Male femora 5 and 6 slightly humped ventrally in middle portion.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B1D3FC50427EA0403B178F082722692" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">GONOPODS (Figs 7, 8, 72, 73, 74): Coxa (cx) longer than prefemur. Cannula (ca) long and slender. Prefemur (pfe) ca. 2/3 as long as femur. Femur (fe) long and slender. Mesal sulcus (ms) and lateral sulcus (ls) conspicuous, very deep. Postfemur (pof) conspicuous, ventrally narrow, and short. Solenophore (sph) well-developed: lamina lateralis (ll) swollen, anterolaterally with an inconspicuous furrow; with conspicuous ventral ridge (vrl): lamina medialis (lm) well-developed; process (plm) long, spear-like, tip sharp (blunt in some specimens), directed mesad; distal lobe (dlm) distally with two distinct lamellae (mesal lamella smaller than second one); broad lobe (blm) dorsally thick at the edge, distinctly demarcated from distal lobe (dlm) by a conspicuous indentation. Solenomere (sl) very long.</paragraph>
<caption id="AA31CB8949767B5DE94546A10EF288B1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="E9E149977C680FCC475CCA0E42534AF5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 72.
<taxonomicName id="FE54B72EDF599822713B57B1B04A5AD2" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes planata" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planata">Desmoxytes planata</taxonomicName>
(Pocock, 1895), specimen from Wat Puang Malai - right gonopod. A mesal view B dorsal view C ventral view D submesal view (arrow = indentation) E lateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="B97B48508E3A6315E6D6A8A5BF20E1E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="9496E77EA994E17F6C631C2401AD6A0D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 73.
<taxonomicName id="C7D6C6D54EBC6D5213C3049A573B51E0" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes planata" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planata">Desmoxytes planata</taxonomicName>
(Pocock, 1895), specimen from Wat Puang Malai - right gonopod. A lateral view B mesal view C ventral view D subdorsal view E dorsal view (unlabeled arrow = indentation) F subdorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="A906751EBFB66FFDFEB4D0FC7E9CA95F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="4ABAD9C48156A02631914DC5B0225AEA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 74.
<taxonomicName id="B8793F45310A0A207E62A6284AFD3D5F" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes planata" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planata">Desmoxytes planata</taxonomicName>
(Pocock, 1895), specimen from Fiji, Viti Levu - right gonopod. A lateral view B mesal view C ventral view D subdorsal view (arrow = indentation) E dorsal view F subdorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="36F44A6A5E14FFA01DE6B68EBCA9CD1A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="C8A689F67A295775B25364725E072CAB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6AB4B5B21B61D9AF657C8EBEB08EC429" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
This species was collected at several places together with
<taxonomicName id="68A6BEF3F2DE2900CCB2A21DA36C2C4E" lsidName="D. octoconigera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="octoconigera">D. octoconigera</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName id="EEB71E939E6DF7048100000CD09ED360" lsidName="D. golovatchi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="golovatchi">D. golovatchi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. and
<taxonomicName id="0B68C92BABE89D02B3867679AC1520E7" lsidName="D. purpurosea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="purpurosea">D. purpurosea</taxonomicName>
, but these species apparently occupy different microhabitats.
<taxonomicName id="97670571E83342FF167D52AD80D1AFC9" lsidName="D. planata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="planata">D. planata</taxonomicName>
can be found all year round in humid places in environments strongly influenced by humans. It was very easy to find, mostly in plant farms or shaded gardens. Although
<taxonomicName id="2CAE24B41150612A2EB5FD0A47F31F4C" lsidName="D. planata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="planata">D. planata</taxonomicName>
was sometimes seen in areas close to another
<taxonomicName id="81E2B4C67A7C67CD29AD9B9BFCF3CFF8" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Desmoxytes</taxonomicName>
species, the habitats where it was collected are clearly different:
<taxonomicName id="C58E3F030E1D5F695CFF1D7AE49805FA" lsidName="D. planata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="planata">D. planata</taxonomicName>
is often found in human-influenced habitats while the other ones live in natural habitats.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F7BF79CE3F61E9A05FB9BC7B3890052A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
However, some specimens from Tham Khoa Ma Rong, Khoa Ta Mong Lai, Ban Yang Chum (all in Prachuap Khiri Khan Province) seem to be indigenous as they were found in limestone habitats, although not too far from human-influenced habitats. Certain introduced paradoxosomatid species seem to have penetrated natural habitats and have become more dominant and abundant than the native ones (
<bibRefCitation id="65CAF3B62658261790C0EFBA7C5AB51B" author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Berichten" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="112 - 127" title="Records of Diplopoda of the order Polydesmida from the Fiji Islands." volume="40" year="1980 b">Jeekel 1980b</bibRefCitation>
), and
<taxonomicName id="A45C6117E8E301F5A0B27C68BE6EF761" lsidName="D. planata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="planata">D. planata</taxonomicName>
at the above-mentioned locations may similarly have dispersed into the forest.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4E0E2EFF7C37A8CB596B65A195A160F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
This species has been reported from Hawaii (
<bibRefCitation id="56DE2FE31327C65D4B6B744A9AA33A90" author="Chamberlin, RV" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="165 - 168" title="Two diplopod immigrants taken at Honolulu." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34510694" volume="36" year="1923">Chamberlin 1923</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="56206EE427DBBA68502A8C7AF1C76C20" author="Chamberlin, RV" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="32 - 35" title="New polydesmoid diplopods intercepted at quarantine." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16130128" volume="43" year="1941">1941</bibRefCitation>
). Because the only reliable records concern specimens taken from quarantine in Honolulu, it seems reasonable to delete
<taxonomicName id="01A53A97114DD6FFFD90BEE605C29D53" lsidName="D. planata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="planata">D. planata</taxonomicName>
from the Hawaii fauna. We believe that this species is transported easily by global commerce, most probably in soil-containing or plant-associated materials.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0D9A29EDD3A6C96984AE25A4CB21CBA7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The origin of
<taxonomicName id="6900DA41053A0AFCAE8DBA818B6850F6" lsidName="D. planata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="planata">D. planata</taxonomicName>
was assumed to be Burma or Malaya by
<bibRefCitation id="C4A2B2AE73067D67D4246F1D5A9D0E38" author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Revue suisse de Zoologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="651 - 670" title="The generic allocation of some little-known Paradoxosomatidae from South-East Asia (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41420961" volume="87" year="1980 a">Jeekel (1980a)</bibRefCitation>
. Later,
<bibRefCitation id="839CE53ABE8E71006DD98D454F48B2D0" author="Shelley, RM" journalOrPublisher="Arthropoda Selecta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="81 - 94" title="Introduced millipeds of the family Paradoxosomatidae on the Pacific islands (Diplopoda: Polydesmida)." volume="7" year="1998">Shelley and Lehtinen (1998)</bibRefCitation>
regarded it more probable that this species occurs naturally in Thailand and China. Based on all recent data analysed by us,
<taxonomicName id="33EB0FAB87FFAD6D2311A467308D3077" lsidName="D. planata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="planata">D. planata</taxonomicName>
may originally be native to Thailand or Myanmar. Surprisingly, however, no specimen of
<taxonomicName id="133B095B68EF78C0FE973858AF24E035" lsidName="D. planata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="planata">D. planata</taxonomicName>
has yet been found in Cambodia, Laos, or Malaysia, possibly owing to insufficient surveys in these areas.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB7FD99A17B0FD88DE87CF70EA980F1C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<bibRefCitation id="20C04E6722C3BA1F5891D3923988DFEE" author="Decker, P" journalOrPublisher="Schubartiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="23 - 34" title="Contributions to the myriapod fauna of Thailand-New records of millipedes and centipedes from Thailand (Myriapoda: Diplopoda, Chilopoda)." url="http://www.schubartiana.de/issues/pdf/vol4/Decker-2010-Myriapod_fauna_of_Thailand.pdf" volume="4" year="2010">Decker (2010)</bibRefCitation>
reported
<taxonomicName id="3855DC1EF5BD0BFE065E6AF028414660" lsidName="D. planata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="planata">D. planata</taxonomicName>
from eastern Thailand, viz., Namtok Phliu (Chantaburi Province), Khao Chamoa National Park (Rayong Province) and Ko Chang National Park (Trat Province). However, these localities all lie in the distribution range of the very similar
<taxonomicName id="E46AD84929749B6C587857BD220AD076" lsidName="D. euros" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="euros">D. euros</taxonomicName>
sp. n., and
<normalizedToken id="BACB891FF18DE490B0B52FDBCA6CEB32" originalValue="Decker’s">Decker's</normalizedToken>
specimens may well belong to the latter species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E70AEB1D66A828C47FFCD122E1BD9885" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph id="EE15E95345AE379FB01FA8D0F58A563E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Note on type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1718CFD13E29E820124E6785EF617265" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The lectotype was designated by
<bibRefCitation id="94EE298F693C05BFBAC761B39D258CB0" author="Mauries, J-P" journalOrPublisher="Revue de Zoologie africaine" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="138 - 168" title="Contributions a l'etude de la faune Terrestre des iles granitiques de l'Archipel des Sechelles (Mission P. L. G. Benoit - J. J. Van Mol 1972). Myriapoda-Diplopoda." volume="9" year="1980">
<normalizedToken id="0A7F1B33DE4DA8668BADF401A73FAC4B" originalValue="Mauriès">Mauries</normalizedToken>
(1980)
</bibRefCitation>
. In the jar which contains lectotype and paralectotypes in NHMUK, there are three small vials:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="08431A85DD2539CEDFDBEE2BB588AE34" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
- one vial contains the male lectotype with a label &quot;
<taxonomicName id="8D7F2480779E84A116C5E0338E7349EC" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Pratinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pratinus planatus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planatus">Pratinus planatus</taxonomicName>
(Poc.) male lectotype vid.
<normalizedToken id="CB564A0CBF322103F19836C79540B6B4" originalValue="Mauriès">Mauries</normalizedToken>
(Paris)&quot;, pinned through the body; collum and telson were broken off.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EC7F6C2E53DF3ED8FA8EC1E7E3B41A6F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">- a second vial with one male and two female paralectotypes (one female with only rings 10-20), all specimens pinned through the body.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7A810FB4E335B984B94BD70148FAA697" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">- a third vial with broken specimens (&gt;5 specimens).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4CE6CA5DCB404540B686959BF7BF4D56" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">There is also one more vial containing many broken and mixed specimens (&gt;15 specimens).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E85FB6B18BB54B8CF8C43BE7EFF27341" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="029A7C2397221172715FE66EDE9A3D03" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BD53D5FBFC65F4C8EA7AF041775EB80D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The vivid pink paraterga are obviously aposematic.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F37CF309A088CA81A7A5006B86F9C0C2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
According to many previous works, as well as our own results, this species seems to be almost pantropical. In order to assess morphological variability, we compared the gonopods of several specimens (including illustrations) reported from different localities:
<taxonomicName id="698D671FEA06A6F7AA1C9DADBF8A0F27" lsidName="D. planata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="planata">D. planata</taxonomicName>
from Myanmar (lectotype and paralectotypes);
<taxonomicName id="195682DD941E728E1E0EB4A940D0F044" lsidName="D. coniger" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="coniger">D. coniger</taxonomicName>
- (
<bibRefCitation id="28A2273760E4230BE2F44570C06E9195" author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Berichten" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="112 - 127" title="Records of Diplopoda of the order Polydesmida from the Fiji Islands." volume="40" year="1980 b">Jeekel 1980b</bibRefCitation>
) from Hawaii taken from Java (Bogor);
<taxonomicName id="642C2A38174257F755B89AB589A2E1DA" lsidName="D. planata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="planata">D. planata</taxonomicName>
- (Mauries 1980) from Seychelles;
<taxonomicName id="9DA7964D32643066BF919563E40CA507" lsidName="D. planata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="planata">D. planata</taxonomicName>
- (
<bibRefCitation id="2F7C98AAB090E3A793CCE86BCE65A27B" author="Shelley, RM" journalOrPublisher="Arthropoda Selecta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="81 - 94" title="Introduced millipeds of the family Paradoxosomatidae on the Pacific islands (Diplopoda: Polydesmida)." volume="7" year="1998">Shelley and Lehtinen 1998</bibRefCitation>
) and (
<bibRefCitation id="920CED37D65D855975F7844F35EA2084" author="Golovatch, SI" journalOrPublisher="Steenstrupia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="45 - 71" title="Review of the dragon millipedes, genus Desmoxytes Chamberlin, 1923 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)." volume="20" year="1994">Golovatch and Enghoff 1994</bibRefCitation>
) from Fiji;
<taxonomicName id="B9CC639D7E952FF698854234DF41068A" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Pratinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pratinus rastrituberus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rastrituberus">Pratinus rastrituberus</taxonomicName>
- (Zhang, 1986) from China. Combining the examination of previous works and the newly collected specimens from China, Myanmar, and Thailand, variation in morphological characters was as follows.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FBA2B289A88D43412A2FC0B0663B591F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. Variation within populations (Fig. 71)</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72EAEFC2A762A554BC2747A9871123B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">- anterior row of tubercles on collum (usually with 4+4 anterior setae): in some specimens lateral setae located in anterior margin (conspicuous tubercles), in others lateral setae located almost at base of paraterga (inconspicuous tubercles).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="000941E1DF19012BB6A1092400E0A44B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">- type of metatergal projections (anterior row and posterior row) on body rings 2-17: anterior tubercles/cones in some specimens, posterior cones/spines in others.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="23D2409A0CBD5A493325BBA3B44550B7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">- tip of sternal lobe between male coxae 4: truncate in some specimens, quite round in others.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D216DF809E34986687A8807014BB4A1D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">- process (plm) of lamina medialis: short in some individuals, long in others.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5E2CEC20217A8A19128D7B6CBC64138D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">- tip of process (plm) of lamina medialis of specimens from Great Cocos Island: slightly emarginate in some, sharp in others.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E2A475D43D4529894245492CD1C3470C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">- epiproct tip: in some specimens subtruncate, in others slightly emarginate.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="351C185D5405AC1E09916C508050F232" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">II. Variation between populations</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B73462423253263E31750B2A04F2833B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">- Fiji population: posterior tubercles on collum seem to be bigger than in other populations.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="95AFCFF369B9CC0139BF96A00F5F6FAA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">- Fiji population: sternal lobe between male coxae 4 more round than in others.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="46AF14B038E817F9B93933517961FD6A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">- Great Cocos Island population: size seems to be smaller than in others (16-20 mm in male, 20-23 mm in female).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="581BAA32224660ED6E85FE0994FAD76F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">- Great Cocos Island population: metatergal tubercles shorter than in others.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF27E01C91F0A7A972928469927056E7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
On this basis, we strongly agree with
<bibRefCitation id="1A00E42B340FA5C13DB90AE4BF3FA9E2" author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Revue suisse de Zoologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="651 - 670" title="The generic allocation of some little-known Paradoxosomatidae from South-East Asia (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41420961" volume="87" year="1980 a">Jeekel (1980a)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="149B7C2EDC9F6669708578EF9EE64085" author="Golovatch, SI" journalOrPublisher="Steenstrupia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="45 - 71" title="Review of the dragon millipedes, genus Desmoxytes Chamberlin, 1923 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)." volume="20" year="1994">Golovatch and Enghoff (1994)</bibRefCitation>
with the synonymy of
<taxonomicName id="61AB6ABF218FF242911304871EA529BF" lsidName="D. coniger" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="coniger">D. coniger</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="DB98DC90DF6A3996A574CEB267EC8993" lsidName="E. greeni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="greeni">E. greeni</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="1CE187AC5B94921173533D2577A8EECE" lsidName="E. vector" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="vector">E. vector</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="926A5BE247434EC3FB4C6508F01FDD6C" lsidName="P. rastrituberus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rastrituberus">P. rastrituberus</taxonomicName>
under
<taxonomicName id="61E50D18617265C9A18BBD8639386E64" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes planata" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planata">Desmoxytes planata</taxonomicName>
. Although the type material of
<taxonomicName id="5139DADFE344E4148C68E87BE172F0FC" lsidName="D. coniger" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="coniger">D. coniger</taxonomicName>
in MCZ has not been examined by us, its identity with
<taxonomicName id="F4676C249732139516046FD2BE29A6F7" lsidName="D. planata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="planata">D. planata</taxonomicName>
is clear from the photo and remarks given by
<bibRefCitation id="DCF5720505F536D36BE88A7E9616DEB2" author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Revue suisse de Zoologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="651 - 670" title="The generic allocation of some little-known Paradoxosomatidae from South-East Asia (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41420961" volume="87" year="1980 a">Jeekel (1980a)</bibRefCitation>
. The morphological characters of this specimen match perfectly with the others.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E8A2FA5FE425D809EFF0144330B65ECE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="9196D9A22EE6AD826EC6548595FE6B7F" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes planata" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planata">Desmoxytes planata</taxonomicName>
is morphologically similar to
<taxonomicName id="568D24C2E9B687E996897834C6B8A613" lsidName="D. euros" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="euros">D. euros</taxonomicName>
sp. n. with which it shares the metaterga with 2+2 anterior tubercles/cones and 2+2 posterior cones/spines. Moreover, gonopod characters of these species are very similar in shape and processes. Based on morphological characters only, they could be supposed to be the same species. However, the colour of living specimens (paraterga) and shape of hypoproct are totally different, as well as ongoing COI analysis supports to separate them as different species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2C05AAA2A36BA8E29CEDBC06ABBE66DA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="coexisting species">
<paragraph id="5B2753028D6766CD8E7E8249D13D71BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coexisting species.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B19D1122E932B50ACFE42A99DDE2BD52" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="E29AEF6EE162F403BDCF89B9B9AFDDD7" lsidName="D. golovatchi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="golovatchi">D. golovatchi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. and
<taxonomicName id="AF88D84C3925F6BC640B6DBBE8B0A986" lsidName="D. octoconigera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="octoconigera">D. octoconigera</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (see details under these species).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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