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<document id="4183820FFB66A92CFF93A75CDE2C5E3F" ID-DOI="10.3897/zse.101.142129" ID-ZooBank="0BE88A7D-78C3-49F0-98A8-5FFA3007EBB6" ID-publisher-id="142129" URI-arpha="44573C4A-9400-5FF6-B5DB-090F9CE1EC33" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/0BE88A7D-78C3-49F0-98A8-5FFA3007EBB6" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1737397228917" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wang, Bing, Meng, Qingzhen, Yao, Zhiyuan &amp; Zhang, Xiaoqing" docDate="2025" docId="6F9DFE6679E0561B857EE7FC6B755B1C" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoosystematics and Evolution 101(1): 119-126" docOrigin="Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (1)" docSource="https://zse.pensoft.net/article/142129/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Pimoa Chamberlin &amp; Ivie 1943" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="126" masterDocId="44573C4A94005FF6B5DB090F9CE1EC33" masterDocTitle="Notes on three closely related species of the genus Pimoa (Araneae, Pimoidae) from Southwest China" masterLastPageNumber="126" masterPageNumber="119" pageNumber="119" updateTime="1737397281858" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E5AD81F790484BB4A19C00B31296D9F5">
<mods:title id="C7FC7B8892986430A0B5879194756D6F">Notes on three closely related species of the genus Pimoa (Araneae, Pimoidae) from Southwest China</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="94557FCA7FB6CCE75101F1F9AD6FC09F" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="BAEABF8762560FBE55385D893A4CCF4C">Wang, Bing</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="01E5725B65177D3CA20A37864750EE47" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7047-4395</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="F1DFA69FC5594545E7E320D30817058B">College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8045AC7A0F5CA2E4FB4E7B9BD9A4DEBC">Meng, Qingzhen</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="878E2A030B4F32F4E890051DEB1766CB" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1143-676X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="59F5AD7E67FBBB88B1C541237A98C272">College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EE1ECE4A8A626387B7BB908892386E60">Yao, Zhiyuan</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="722E7F6A8F7DA616E71E4C97B45B4B08" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1631-0949</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="377728AADB8CC797D1F64DBC90A3FA50">College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="94F0D0D19260508B6BDF5E9372AF24C8">Zhang, Xiaoqing</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E2032A2974980DAA1D7F2616DF98BE83">College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="BA803328A08962B02A3A1366F54AF874">Zoosystematics and Evolution</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="F3B596744480A4ED9B85F6D3C278AA96">2025</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="DCF40CFB21D73E8041409F0D41A619D2">2025-01-20</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1404F2D5038444E468B058B96C257F41">101</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="92C3CBF39B354A5103F7BF9BC0485D78" type="DOI">10.3897/zse.101.142129</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="6F9DFE6679E0561B857EE7FC6B755B1C" ID-arpha="6F9DFE66-79E0-561B-857E-E7FC6B755B1C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6F9DFE6679E0561B857EE7FC6B755B1C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6F9DFE6679E0561B857EE7FC6B755B1C">
<subSubSection id="5A3AF7A07A168A23DF009D14ED8D1EAB" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="632AEAFBD0E0828FA3E65A75C6A8EAEC">
<heading id="A9098EAA745085F98948101180C341F7" reason="label">Genus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="8CB7F48E9976F4ADF79E4AC6C4923C6C" ID-CoL="6QKT" authority="Chamberlin &amp; Ivie, 1943" authorityName="Chamberlin &amp; Ivie" authorityYear="1943" class="Arachnida" family="Pimoidae" genus="Pimoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A258B004C0EEA5F53A66D66D04EC9C10" italics="true">Pimoa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5766C5A5D4335E903268FCC4B993F017" author="Chamberlin RV &amp; Ivie W" issue="10" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the University of Utah" pagination="1-39" refId="B1" refString="Chamberlin RV, Ivie W (1943) New genera and species of North American linyphiid spiders. Bulletin of the University of Utah 33 (10): 1 - 39." title="New genera and species of North American linyphiid spiders." volume="33" year="1943">Chamberlin &amp; Ivie, 1943</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="92B13632A5D578B65FDA8C54CF4C9AE7" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="82AC2B9A81BD4CDB9582DFA44F3C0422">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="FEF0322E8653D860193A6ED8E911D9F9">
<treatmentCitation id="07091F568C8F8348C14EE17B121248DF">
<taxonomicName id="0154B3DC0B995F775487978C7E2C8405" ID-CoL="6QKT" authorityName="Chamberlin &amp; Ivie" authorityYear="1943" class="Arachnida" family="Pimoidae" genus="Pimoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F0CD2079503094E57275544F7DDEA008" italics="true">Pimoa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="3F5E50595CF12276F96C07FAA63213FB">
:
<treatmentCitation id="7782344428E40AFEED3DAB4492DE4296" author="Chamberlin RV &amp; Ivie W" page="9" year="1943">
<bibRefCitation id="93CD98E1EFDE16E079D1FCD58E19CBAE" author="Chamberlin RV &amp; Ivie W" firstAuthor="Chamberlin" issue="10" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the University of Utah" page="9" pagination="1-39" refId="B1" refString="Chamberlin RV, Ivie W (1943) New genera and species of North American linyphiid spiders. Bulletin of the University of Utah 33 (10): 1–39." title="New genera and species of North American linyphiid spiders." volume="33" year="1943">Chamberlin and Ivie 1943: 9</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="3210CC0B54AA4C69BE1B6EC13B85CE09" author="Hormiga G" page="4" year="1994">
<bibRefCitation id="FCA43AB2149D1DC3AB6A0E2224DC2886" DOI="10.5479/si.00810282.549" author="Hormiga G" firstAuthor="Hormiga" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" page="4" pagination="1-104" refId="B3" refString="Hormiga G (1994) A revision and cladistic analysis of the spider family Pimoidae (Araneoidea: Araneae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 549: 1–104. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.549" title="A revision and cladistic analysis of the spider family Pimoidae (Araneoidea: Araneae)." volume="549" year="1994">Hormiga 1994: 4</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="1E0E58F16C9050CE2BBC2BA8BF03D6F9" author="Hormiga G &amp; Lew S" page="1" year="2014">
<bibRefCitation id="F9821BA357641EE000BB40CADC4FB2C1" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3827.1.9" author="Hormiga G &amp; Lew S" firstAuthor="Hormiga" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" page="1" pagination="95-100" refId="B4" refString="Hormiga G, Lew S (2014) A new American species of the spider genus Pimoa (Araneae, Pimoidae). Zootaxa 3827 (1): 95–100. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3827.1.9" title="A new American species of the spider genus Pimoa (Araneae, Pimoidae)." volume="3827" year="2014">Hormiga and Lew 2014: 1</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="E134B8D6CF9FB2015D724F91B1061933" author="Mammola S &amp; Hormiga G &amp; Arnedo MA &amp; Isaia M" page="1" year="2016">
<bibRefCitation id="942B51EBF884A7EAEBB37481D4291241" DOI="10.1071/IS16017" author="Mammola S &amp; Hormiga G &amp; Arnedo MA &amp; Isaia M" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Mammola" issue="6" journalOrPublisher="Invertebrate Systematics" page="1" pagination="566-587" refId="B10" refString="Mammola S, Hormiga G, Arnedo MA, Isaia M (2016) Unexpected diversity in the relictual European spiders of the genus Pimoa (Araneae: Pimoidae). Invertebrate Systematics 30 (6): 566–587. https://doi.org/10.1071/IS16017" title="Unexpected diversity in the relictual European spiders of the genus Pimoa (Araneae: Pimoidae)." volume="30" year="2016">Mammola et al. 2016: 1</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E3XAE" type="notes">
<paragraph id="BA3AE0BCC35FABA8177211B3276C9993">
<heading id="90AFD1C8B93232B5E09910D6D0F7E4F9" reason="title">Note.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="559CFC5D17F81741460CC5F839BFD649">
In 1943, Chamberlin and Ivie erected the genus
<taxonomicName id="BE819C5518279B7E6AA0406DF80335C8" authorityName="Chamberlin &amp; Ivie" authorityYear="1943" class="Arachnida" family="Pimoidae" genus="Pimoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="38A10E1120AAEA64609C2D75363E21E9" italics="true">Pimoa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which included four pimoid North American species that had previously been placed within the genus
<taxonomicName id="49FC2ECCA2FBD2BEE96A28D2A570E9DA" authority="Simon, 1915" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1915" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Labulla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="56F85D96340A95E63168F0941519FBF4" italics="true">Labulla</emphasis>
Simon, 1915
</taxonomicName>
, plus three new North American species. Then,
<bibRefCitation id="124109B57F101888965F3C400DA524CA" author="Hormiga G" firstAuthor="Hormiga" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Queensland Museum" pagination="533-542" refId="B2" refString="Hormiga G (1993) Implications of the phylogeny of Pimoidae for the systematics of linyphiid spiders (Araneae, Araneoidea, Linyphiidae). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 33: 533–542." title="Implications of the phylogeny of Pimoidae for the systematics of linyphiid spiders (Araneae, Araneoidea, Linyphiidae)." volume="33" year="1993">Hormiga (1993)</bibRefCitation>
synonymized
<taxonomicName id="1421C4D00F18539F75ED8C6A7D37621F" authority="Brignoli, 1971" authorityName="Brignoli" authorityYear="1971" class="Arachnida" family="Pimoidae" genus="Louisfagea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="279FD9490ED4C8F4283100D4DCBA3CB9" italics="true">Louisfagea</emphasis>
Brignoli, 1971
</taxonomicName>
, with
<taxonomicName id="BAC5EA31D388E29534F6E9EB3914F20D" authorityName="Chamberlin &amp; Ivie" authorityYear="1943" class="Arachnida" family="Pimoidae" genus="Pimoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0C7C911A5DFCB3042A3D401183DC9B6C" italics="true">Pimoa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, raised Pimoinae Wunderlich, 1986, to family rank, and brought an end to the history of pimoids being placed in different families.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EHZAE" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EAC0A8ECDA23F64AE1B9796F6B62BA4F">
<heading id="DD90A4BDDE8323B1B8B15773A6D02D9A" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D8B9FFDD01B42172F5046DC8F12AE39">
<taxonomicName id="4C403C88081078F314983DC022F94C92" authorityName="Chamberlin &amp; Ivie" authorityYear="1943" class="Arachnida" family="Pimoidae" genus="Pimoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9D717539D569F556EA83C3754FDFD497" italics="true">Pimoa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(total length ranges from 4.00–12.0 mm) is larger in size than
<taxonomicName id="737D566E191A0BAA45360B01383A1BD4" baseAuthorityName="WSC" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Pimoidae" genus="Nanoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="286A4003123BACA15F17C148307B5EC8" italics="true">Nanoa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<quantity id="72012AD1D81595E11F465AF01BF6BDC6" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.535" metricValueMax="1.65" metricValueMin="1.42" unit="mm" value="1.535" valueMax="1.65" valueMin="1.42">1.42–1.65 mm</quantity>
). The males of
<taxonomicName id="1F6223B9AEFFCD1955309331AECF87C8" authorityName="Chamberlin &amp; Ivie" authorityYear="1943" class="Arachnida" family="Pimoidae" genus="Pimoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E8BA65D8BAF779975DD3B49F51722A54" italics="true">Pimoa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="5A5326B3C239D7D2CE5998EAF5605C56" baseAuthorityName="WSC" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Pimoidae" genus="Nanoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="322BE222FA850B3C3D133D86B3AF9C65" italics="true">Nanoa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the long and membranous pimoid embolic process and the elongate cymbial denticulate process with many cuspules (vs. the pimoid embolic process absent and short cymbial process only with one strong cuspule) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F5A442BE05E4C1A34C5D4DCB1667F756" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Left palp of Pimoa shimian sp. nov., holotype A. Prolateral view; B. Ventral view; C. Retrolateral view. Abbreviations: AS = alveolar sclerite; C = conductor; CDP = cymbial denticulate process; E = embolus; MA = median apophysis; P = paracymbium; PCS = pimoid cymbial sclerite; PEP = pimoid embolic process; T = tegulum. The blue arrow represents the tegular apophysis. Scale bar: 0.50 mm (A – C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.101.142129.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1224199">2</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="00BC915A43370CE5E6EF5E9F2F977E54" DOI="10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00192.x" author="Hormiga" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Hormiga" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pagination="249-262" refId="B5" refString="Hormiga G, Buckle DJ, Scharff N (2005) Nanoa, an enigmatic new genus of pimoid spiders from western North America (Pimoidae, Araneae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (2): 249–262. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00192.x" title="Nanoa, an enigmatic new genus of pimoid spiders from western North America (Pimoidae, Araneae)." volume="145" year="2005">Hormiga et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
: figs 1, 2). The females of
<taxonomicName id="7DD78BC4BBA813A71E93D344E77A1B04" authorityName="Chamberlin &amp; Ivie" authorityYear="1943" class="Arachnida" family="Pimoidae" genus="Pimoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C7DDE24BFF19E54C0542A9F543EC1060" italics="true">Pimoa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="BA5F70C04764A89A8CA8C6B521D8079B" baseAuthorityName="WSC" baseAuthorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Pimoidae" genus="Nanoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C8E71409786CB8C65EB7705A2D88FC39" italics="true">Nanoa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the absence of a ventral scape-like septum (vs. epigynum with a distinct septum) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="52E046DA696EC47F089FA72ECAB5BF42" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Epigyne and habitus of Pimoa shimian sp. nov., female paratype and male holotype A. Epigyne, ventral view; B. Vulva, dorsal view; C. Schematic course of internal copulatory duct system, ventral view; D. Schematic course of internal copulatory duct system, dorsal view; E. Male habitus, dorsal view; F. Female habitus, dorsal view; G. Female habitus, ventral view. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct; CO = copulatory opening; DP = dorsal plate of the epigyne; FD = fertilization duct; S = spermatheca; VP = ventral plate of epigyne. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A – D); 1.00 mm (E – G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.101.142129.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1224200">3 A</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="ADE55548C14C29CBE7EB480E3BBE99AA" DOI="10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00192.x" author="Hormiga" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Hormiga" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pagination="249-262" refId="B5" refString="Hormiga G, Buckle DJ, Scharff N (2005) Nanoa, an enigmatic new genus of pimoid spiders from western North America (Pimoidae, Araneae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (2): 249–262. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00192.x" title="Nanoa, an enigmatic new genus of pimoid spiders from western North America (Pimoidae, Araneae)." volume="145" year="2005">Hormiga et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
: figs 3, 5).
</paragraph>
<caption id="16A9CC1674990F59176DBF6F18937E7E" ID-DOI="10.3897/zse.101.142129.figure2" ID-arpha="2C62EA0D-5EF7-5E7B-96BD-BC57BA82465C" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1224199" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="09AD87E723DFD60884E394E21A063F9B">
<label id="352AB86ABE4365384A72F08A03803E04">Figure 2.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="92602A4611D006987A1B0FE926C97FC8">
Left palp of
<taxonomicName id="94B42F7B7E9ED542449AE428AC82AF72" authorityName="Wang &amp; Meng &amp; Yao &amp; Zhang" authorityYear="2025" class="Arachnida" family="Pimoidae" genus="Pimoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shimian" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="72FFED2BE6E4F862443872E800B1CF30" italics="true">Pimoa shimian</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="353619B62C2F22258C5F5623A418E12A" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype
<emphasis id="EE459C96DD0523F915422756551EBA71" bold="true">A.</emphasis>
Prolateral view;
<emphasis id="A8060F65F80ECDF2FFADB3981E87E72A" bold="true">B.</emphasis>
Ventral view;
<emphasis id="2F152CF2794626A7C293F96BB4F8160E" bold="true">C.</emphasis>
Retrolateral view. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EA3AE" xlink_title="alveolar sclerite">AS</abbrev>
= alveolar sclerite; C = conductor;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EE3AE" xlink_title="cymbial denticulate process">CDP</abbrev>
= cymbial denticulate process; E = embolus;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EI3AE" xlink_title="median apophysis">MA</abbrev>
= median apophysis; P = paracymbium;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EM3AE" xlink_title="pimoid cymbial sclerite">PCS</abbrev>
= pimoid cymbial sclerite;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQ3AE" xlink_title="pimoid embolic process">PEP</abbrev>
= pimoid embolic process; T = tegulum. The blue arrow represents the tegular apophysis. Scale bar: 0.50 mm (
<emphasis id="34AC444452628D13302EC9598CAE6F24" bold="true">A – C</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="8E3797360241A7881C352D23584B7A9B" ID-DOI="10.3897/zse.101.142129.figure3" ID-arpha="4241001E-0589-54B7-A4FD-5067CFE67FB7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1224200" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="5E7C9DD3E0242EA2114664769382E26C">
<label id="CFD00EF0CDECC81626CF34217C959FD2">Figure 3.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D57C18310B75D4542F7891FEF6BEE55A">
Epigyne and habitus of
<taxonomicName id="4841FF981153A32760C4D29DF67D6D90" authorityName="Wang &amp; Meng &amp; Yao &amp; Zhang" authorityYear="2025" class="Arachnida" family="Pimoidae" genus="Pimoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shimian" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3F32362C98C1DCCA0415769C5582774E" italics="true">Pimoa shimian</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2A37174B9778A181A0FBA8FEF61A5D68" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, female paratype and male holotype
<emphasis id="654D3CE1034BE3FFF65276339E5DC9E6" bold="true">A.</emphasis>
Epigyne, ventral view;
<emphasis id="46AC3F68FF80D89F8CF8296242F61080" bold="true">B.</emphasis>
Vulva, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="0E961A5D54A885A64DC82BF20108EEC2" bold="true">C.</emphasis>
Schematic course of internal copulatory duct system, ventral view;
<emphasis id="0113338BA653E96995F670FB17BC6575" bold="true">D.</emphasis>
Schematic course of internal copulatory duct system, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="7359F96B4928D342158556D1F951AF8F" bold="true">E.</emphasis>
Male habitus, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="ADB59EC56873AA66B8A42C8A234818CA" bold="true">F.</emphasis>
Female habitus, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="91E5890630658A6D1167105F0875057A" bold="true">G.</emphasis>
Female habitus, ventral view. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E34AE" xlink_title="copulatory duct">CD</abbrev>
= copulatory duct;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EA5AE" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
= copulatory opening;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EE5AE" xlink_title="dorsal plate of the epigyne">DP</abbrev>
= dorsal plate of the epigyne;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EI5AE" xlink_title="fertilization duct">FD</abbrev>
= fertilization duct; S = spermatheca;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EM5AE" xlink_title="ventral plate of epigyne">VP</abbrev>
= ventral plate of epigyne. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (
<emphasis id="1CCEE1AF5FC541B17A5F3BC35C4FF00E" bold="true">A – D</emphasis>
); 1.00 mm (
<emphasis id="85576384340444EE05787B4225AB517E" bold="true">E – G</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EZ5AE" type="Composition">
<paragraph id="48D6659CFB1258AC227C667DC517A675">
<heading id="FCA4A2C94CE2D3C714BF2C26D684D070" reason="title">Composition.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="643FF3B93690B93FCC4524CFADD04CFD">
The 85
<taxonomicName id="C2B03D28B57C31B5E4477BE2E2E40B0F">
<emphasis id="B1BF8C6FD531ADAD5479FB1F644DE98C" italics="true">Pimoa</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
are known from the northern hemisphere, with 14 from the western Nearctic, four from the western Mediterranean (
<collectingCountry id="D7DEA33F7B10D38E32537D69D6F15A8C" name="Italy">Italy</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="0C142D8AF93C80BB624F1B9C6D6FEC58" name="France">France</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="8447F2BD7DB14CE34B0558D0BA9D783D" name="Spain">Spain</collectingCountry>
), two from
<collectingCountry id="A0990A517EF6F39D535DA7B60CEE8554" name="Pakistan">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
, seven from
<collectingCountry id="DF26574D0C0E67E68B53EC75C1766840" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
, nine from
<collectingCountry id="507F396E8D19147732353B01E243F961" name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
, and 49 from
<collectingCountry id="DB1E8103C3236D5F4A9F8E7E15A6B88F" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B2D0DD26020316C8DC024C0B223338E6" refId="B12" refString="WSC (2024) World Spider Catalog, Version 25.5. Natural History Museum Bern. https://wsc.nmbe.ch [Accessed 28 October 2024]" url="https://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2024">WSC 2024</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EK6AE" type="type species">
<paragraph id="FE346EA51BFE01E0A02891BD1610B337">
<heading id="C00DF495CB9FE3E0B30982BD567F6569" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="C0BE2CD68FDACF58EB57390185F0D56C">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F1B0FEC895F37769D07CA335BDCD79B4">
<taxonomicName id="A2017FA18286BD41B5B6BF96A21639D9" authority="Gertsch &amp; Ivie, 1936" authorityName="Gertsch &amp; Ivie" authorityYear="1936" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Labulla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hespera">
<emphasis id="3E83D5B9F49235E6BB524FC8F95A2746" italics="true">Labulla hespera</emphasis>
Gertsch &amp; Ivie, 1936
</taxonomicName>
, from
<collectingRegion id="CAB9C3DEE10C46E8DFDBA707D0BA2C0B" country="United States of America" name="California">California</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="74B8E849EBE69F601EF0A5EA59BE6C81" name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="103025136D5E41F39A0D4B647D19AD11">
<title id="0FE51E6629973A6482C7B0C041F75D73">
Identification keys to three closely related species from Southwest
<collectingCountry id="D2346A1A01B059290C4E32CDAF6EE22F" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
</title>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="565A7FC175E15F852DDE6448D5AFFB04">
<emphasis id="08403500E0ED719615B945897F1A90A7" bold="true">Males</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="89660D4947338EC922D9CEFF1B09C738">
<table id="TID0EMHAC" rules="all">
<tbody id="5EDDCB8F72F1E6089A0500708DDE9760">
<table-wrap id="020957D56D79C31E503127CDE17ED2B5" content-type="key" orientation="portrait" position="anchor">
<tr id="AD2AAE9D68CFD6B3C8D81C999D092DA4">
<td id="B74C7AC7D8354AE407E45C68322F70C0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">1</td>
<td id="2EC4D9BA4B50DC3B520D4011797B4ADE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
Tegulum with pointed apophysis; pimoid cymbial sclerite nearly U-shaped (Fig.
<figureCitation id="37442A219BCF12DF18111502045B63D1" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Left palp of Pimoa shimian sp. nov., holotype A. Prolateral view; B. Ventral view; C. Retrolateral view. Abbreviations: AS = alveolar sclerite; C = conductor; CDP = cymbial denticulate process; E = embolus; MA = median apophysis; P = paracymbium; PCS = pimoid cymbial sclerite; PEP = pimoid embolic process; T = tegulum. The blue arrow represents the tegular apophysis. Scale bar: 0.50 mm (A – C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.101.142129.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1224199">2</figureCitation>
)
</td>
<td id="323F3EBE521EE860A4F373F1D9AB88C8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="06CE04C512C66BD15F4D561AB230E312" authorityName="Wang &amp; Meng &amp; Yao &amp; Zhang" authorityYear="2025" class="Arachnida" family="Pimoidae" genus="Pimoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shimian" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0AC9C936E72CFA691F5A96563416C9EE" italics="true">P. shimian</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3B83F648ED2A2CA1D7BC2F4E90ADA75D" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="EFC979770C498E59C932165D6CCFCACD">
<td id="025ED10A7366ACEED409E37D597E0A35" colspan="1" rowspan="1">–</td>
<td id="F4C735A030B0C8038D0ED053826A5414" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
Tegulum without apophysis; pimoid cymbial sclerite nearly V-shaped (Fig.
<figureCitation id="BAD26DA402F3099A07C876F633CACF23" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Pimoa bomi (A, C, E), P. reniformis (B, D, F) A, B. Prolateral view; C, D. Ventral view; E, F. Retrolateral view. Abbreviations: AS = alveolar sclerite; C = conductor; CDP = cymbial denticulate process; E = embolus; MA = median apophysis; P = paracymbium; PCS = pimoid cymbial sclerite; PEP = pimoid embolic process; T = tegulum. A, C, E were modified from Xu et al. (2021). Scale bars: 0.30 mm (A – F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.101.142129.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1224201">4</figureCitation>
)
</td>
<td id="F1F01B4B351A6FA68EECD4F4B9CD8C1D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E6585E19EB876CE90BE6903ECE9F2080">
<td id="A1B63FEEFBCA2645A11144A73BDBE825" colspan="1" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td id="5B9BC0808E8E1350B147EC3460A785F6" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
Cymbial denticulate process short and broad; paracymbium short, ca. 1 / 5 of cymbial length, finger-shaped (Fig.
<figureCitation id="22A087F36C55600EAAB7FB9C9C9EBD13" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Pimoa bomi (A, C, E), P. reniformis (B, D, F) A, B. Prolateral view; C, D. Ventral view; E, F. Retrolateral view. Abbreviations: AS = alveolar sclerite; C = conductor; CDP = cymbial denticulate process; E = embolus; MA = median apophysis; P = paracymbium; PCS = pimoid cymbial sclerite; PEP = pimoid embolic process; T = tegulum. A, C, E were modified from Xu et al. (2021). Scale bars: 0.30 mm (A – F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.101.142129.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1224201">4 A, C, E</figureCitation>
)
</td>
<td id="B05FB347DF99889528DA52994721E05B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="22823DAE53784CB64E5A38B160081F41" authorityName="Zhang &amp; Li" authorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Pimoidae" genus="Pimoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bomi">
<emphasis id="70D0E9CF2F27D93C8C7BAA9890FB27F8" italics="true">P. bomi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="23581842D52388FC0DE7A2A54F4A378E">
<td id="0D47B5D4077E093A83C027C9C0E6D5BF" colspan="1" rowspan="1">–</td>
<td id="52AE5989059C94393CED19DACBFD4BDE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
Cymbial denticulate process narrow and distally curved; paracymbium short, ca. 1 / 4 of cymbial length, hook-shaped (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A5BE7989307FC39EF82CBC9D1E3B2F5A" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Pimoa bomi (A, C, E), P. reniformis (B, D, F) A, B. Prolateral view; C, D. Ventral view; E, F. Retrolateral view. Abbreviations: AS = alveolar sclerite; C = conductor; CDP = cymbial denticulate process; E = embolus; MA = median apophysis; P = paracymbium; PCS = pimoid cymbial sclerite; PEP = pimoid embolic process; T = tegulum. A, C, E were modified from Xu et al. (2021). Scale bars: 0.30 mm (A – F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.101.142129.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1224201">4 B, D, F</figureCitation>
)
</td>
<td id="DC035084E19D5F2DC9FE6C3A9FFF1B84" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="17E2DC48EECD153E83112C1F8B1D90A5" authorityName="Xu &amp; Li" authorityYear="2007" class="Arachnida" family="Pimoidae" genus="Pimoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="090EEBC6C50EE07F35F0CFEFBEADF6DA" italics="true">P. reniformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
</table-wrap>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC8343CB9F8DC0D9ADD305DDF1369876">
<emphasis id="9C1D23629BCD28C188B14E682F0C3AEB" bold="true">Females</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="210859BA32F8C420B9580208BDF7AF86">
<table id="TID0EDKAC" rules="all">
<tbody id="E4C51AF99145F8519879C1B7C8960FF0">
<table-wrap id="CCE93747734EE66FC3A4F1CFF9326EA1" content-type="key" orientation="portrait" position="anchor">
<tr id="0AD7C8B3EEC512B51DEB5B65CE121935">
<td id="25FB67B9EE62F536545A93484ABA8E65" colspan="1" rowspan="1">1</td>
<td id="BAACCBB1373805EB28D3927CFED063E8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
Spermathecae separated by ca. 1 / 3 the width of a spermatheca; dorsal plate narrow and distally blunt (Fig.
<figureCitation id="FF075927AE58C6C55EAE3F225ABA3743" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Epigyne and habitus of Pimoa shimian sp. nov., female paratype and male holotype A. Epigyne, ventral view; B. Vulva, dorsal view; C. Schematic course of internal copulatory duct system, ventral view; D. Schematic course of internal copulatory duct system, dorsal view; E. Male habitus, dorsal view; F. Female habitus, dorsal view; G. Female habitus, ventral view. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct; CO = copulatory opening; DP = dorsal plate of the epigyne; FD = fertilization duct; S = spermatheca; VP = ventral plate of epigyne. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (A – D); 1.00 mm (E – G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.101.142129.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1224200">3 A, B</figureCitation>
)
</td>
<td id="E509DC7FE73A5144613E474431CC4279" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="C3566C55C2778C036AFE525AC528889A" authorityName="Wang &amp; Meng &amp; Yao &amp; Zhang" authorityYear="2025" class="Arachnida" family="Pimoidae" genus="Pimoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shimian" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DB7831ABE4D5E4F12760A20E5AE3C761" italics="true">P. shimian</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="152A17823527986AA09CDAD43C169A6F" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7F59DB6DFF39AAC180045A9424A3BBD9">
<td id="7C983C261A1ED0CC8A0A368E4E23603C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">–</td>
<td id="B8F25BBE379CBEF671B6E8545FCC9928" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
Spermathecae unseparated; dorsal plate broad and distally pointed (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E48A8927772E473DC795D02AE5D3A39C" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Pimoa bomi (A, B, E, F), P. reniformis (C, D, G, H) A, C. Epigyne, ventral view; B, D. Schematic course of internal copulatory duct system, ventral view; E, G. Vulva, dorsal view; F, H. Schematic course of internal copulatory duct system, dorsal view. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct; CO = copulatory opening; DP = dorsal plate of the epigyne; FD = fertilization duct; S = spermatheca; VP = ventral plate of epigyne. A, B, E, F were modified from Xu et al. (2021). Scale bars: 0.30 mm (A – H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.101.142129.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1224202">5</figureCitation>
)
</td>
<td id="8A7A774F2DEBA1E4AA753149ECD91F1D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7B6DAEBE96BEF1552F06CDDBEEEBE8CF">
<td id="F1BD6D73A5F9EFB6BE158AAF38BF41ED" colspan="1" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td id="EBFB05E4571493C882DA358E6ACA14A0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
Spermathecae round; copulatory ducts linear and with 3 strong turns (Fig.
<figureCitation id="75C740B84F6122CF303A2D7946E72480" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Pimoa bomi (A, B, E, F), P. reniformis (C, D, G, H) A, C. Epigyne, ventral view; B, D. Schematic course of internal copulatory duct system, ventral view; E, G. Vulva, dorsal view; F, H. Schematic course of internal copulatory duct system, dorsal view. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct; CO = copulatory opening; DP = dorsal plate of the epigyne; FD = fertilization duct; S = spermatheca; VP = ventral plate of epigyne. A, B, E, F were modified from Xu et al. (2021). Scale bars: 0.30 mm (A – H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.101.142129.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1224202">5 A, B, E, F</figureCitation>
)
</td>
<td id="BA5D97C9FA456137E2DBF6DA8FAAE7B7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="87D122B8FF0F551B8F0F9AA491D0F78A" authorityName="Zhang &amp; Li" authorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Pimoidae" genus="Pimoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bomi">
<emphasis id="7523C90E0E4D00C4DA0CD8B913BCFF2C" italics="true">P. bomi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9ABC297295D853F107D2065CE9A5322F">
<td id="37C92B478D0DDAF9CDA6038CD33BED43" colspan="1" rowspan="1">–</td>
<td id="B299BF14632CD0B26027C69B9D2D11DF" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
Spermathecae nearly bean-shaped; copulatory ducts broad, with 2 strong turns and with posterior part narrower than 1 / 4 width of anterior part (Fig.
<figureCitation id="3EBD0F1FAA96D8B58F13F47E59C50381" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Pimoa bomi (A, B, E, F), P. reniformis (C, D, G, H) A, C. Epigyne, ventral view; B, D. Schematic course of internal copulatory duct system, ventral view; E, G. Vulva, dorsal view; F, H. Schematic course of internal copulatory duct system, dorsal view. Abbreviations: CD = copulatory duct; CO = copulatory opening; DP = dorsal plate of the epigyne; FD = fertilization duct; S = spermatheca; VP = ventral plate of epigyne. A, B, E, F were modified from Xu et al. (2021). Scale bars: 0.30 mm (A – H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.101.142129.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1224202">5 C, D, G, H</figureCitation>
)
</td>
<td id="2977F5E4AC4910E8F812458B4A1E450F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="346A2B82440AD4B5CD168AF4F5D794B1" authorityName="Xu &amp; Li" authorityYear="2007" class="Arachnida" family="Pimoidae" genus="Pimoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reniformis">
<emphasis id="9B5CBD74109D011CCAF00B2AB1F83B28" italics="true">P. reniformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
</table-wrap>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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