981 lines
133 KiB
XML
981 lines
133 KiB
XML
<document id="F1FBE0C599D61DD0D8A8A36DAE7D4E34" ID-CLB-Dataset="30951" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4374.4.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3478de6e-e446-449d-96d2-5115a69138c1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1156782" ID-ZooBank="1E5E385F-2F38-492D-84E9-3A4371A52162" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1516618739644" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ofori-Boateng, Caleb, Leaché, Adam D., Obeng-Kankam, Bright, Kouamé, N’Goran Germain, Hillers, Annika & Rödel, Mark-Oliver" docDate="2018" docId="6F5C87EEFFFAFFFAFF4BB387750CFAF1" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4374.4.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4374 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Phrynobatrachus afiabirago Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="574" masterDocId="9365FF96FFF9FFF3FFDCB54B7038FFDF" masterDocTitle="A new species of Puddle Frog, genus Phrynobatrachus (Amphibia: Anura: Phrynobatrachidae) from Ghana" masterLastPageNumber="578" masterPageNumber="565" pageNumber="568" updateTime="1698516562387" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="AE5FC34F3C8705452AAE9D9CB8B89D64">A new species of Puddle Frog, genus Phrynobatrachus (Amphibia: Anura: Phrynobatrachidae) from Ghana</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="12850EF9D2B0767E38918C2ABC8B1374" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B10C6D7D27999B0CA5BC6161134EBC16">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="47C7CA49E3F39A3B3FF77A43171AAB5A">Ofori-Boateng, Caleb</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="D0790A9C8D5532661C6551B98DBDB295">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="9F03C0965294B56E05B55B8856FA26B4">Leaché, Adam D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="61C2B6EE3D129CE2C090BD7E4D138979">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="FB6111551F991BADD365F5367E7194E9">Obeng-Kankam, Bright</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="8CBE16ACFB28279C940869FEDDAF32C0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="31B292DD9CAB426C95214EB71F187C84">Kouamé, N’Goran Germain</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="68B863E0895F56B22CA710578722A934">Hillers, Annika</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="8B2A6B5F97EB8CADB6246C0AF25F46E1" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="53EDA0CE48F66EB9BAAEE107C1DF51EA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5A8D018D0BB8A5111F6799838775E0E0">Rödel, Mark-Oliver</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="930D16B06D99E291118A60104EC289BB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="02FDB41DEC68A03AB2276C9DE8CF5F8F">
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<mods:date id="125CE12C18A698A6BAEA2F05C13C6F29">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2B4283D71F45D6A58DFD1877D9A3C14F">2018-01-22</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="114F6E78DD567FCAACC1C4F38CAC167A">4374</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="4290EF3B810F3471E8A47DDE3EFFC43D" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4374.4.6</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7B16041E373F8CA649E75D03166DAAD7" type="GBIF-Dataset">3478de6e-e446-449d-96d2-5115a69138c1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="6F5C87EEFFFAFFFAFF4BB387750CFAF1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5950233" ID-GBIF-Taxon="140417357" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5950233" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6F5C87EEFFFAFFFAFF4BB387750CFAF1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6F5C87EEFFFAFFFAFF4BB387750CFAF1" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="574" pageId="3" pageNumber="568">
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<subSubSection id="AFEF6573FFFAFFF0FF4BB38770C0F8D7" pageId="3" pageNumber="568" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E74A36F8FFFAFFF0FF4BB387726AF938" blockId="3.[151,594,1740,1800]" box="[151,594,1740,1767]" pageId="3" pageNumber="568">
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<heading id="BC028194FFFAFFF0FF4BB387726AF938" bold="true" box="[151,594,1740,1767]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="568" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFAFFF0FF4BB387726AF938" bold="true" box="[151,594,1740,1767]" pageId="3" pageNumber="568">
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<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFAFFF0FF4BB38771D5F939" authority="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel, 2018" authorityName="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,493,1740,1766]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="568" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afiabirago" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFAFFF0FF4BB38771D5F939" bold="true" box="[151,493,1740,1766]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="568">Phrynobatrachus afiabirago</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEB25791FFFAFFF0FE29B386726AF938" box="[501,594,1741,1767]" pageId="3" pageNumber="568" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E74A36F8FFFAFFF0FF4BB3A470C0F8D7" blockId="3.[151,594,1740,1800]" box="[151,248,1775,1800]" pageId="3" pageNumber="568">
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<figureCitation id="7FCE2A7DFFFAFFF0FF4BB3A470C0F8D7" box="[151,248,1775,1800]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="5.[151,250,1021,1043]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,250,1981,2003]" captionTargetBox-0="[240,1340,183,1007]" captionTargetBox-1="[185,1402,1130,1954]" captionTargetId-0="figure@5.[240,1340,183,1007]" captionTargetId-1="figure@5.[181,1414,1117,1969]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Ventral (A), dorsal (B), and dorsolateral (C–D) views of Phrynobatrachus afiabirago sp. nov. from the Atewa Range, Ghana (male holotype:A–C, UWBM 05925, and D: female paratype, UWBM 5924)." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Variations in ventral pattern among males (A; from left to right UWBM 9044, 9045 and 9043) and females (B; from left to right UWBM 9042, 9041 and 5924) of Phrynobatrachus afiabiragosp. nov." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1156786/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1156788/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="568">Figs 2–3</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AFEF6573FFFAFFF7FF4BB27C73A9FF27" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="569" pageId="3" pageNumber="568" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="E74A36F8FFFAFFF0FF4BB27C7409F8AA" blockId="3.[151,1436,1847,2016]" pageId="3" pageNumber="568">
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<materialsCitation id="579D3CA5FFFAFFF0FF4BB27C7409F8AA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1804707944" collectingDate="2011-05-26" collectionCode="UWBM" collectorName="C. Ofori-Boateng & Leache." country="Ghana" elevation="769" latitude="6.24246" location="Atewa Range" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="0.5571" pageId="3" pageNumber="568" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="A" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="384E885AFFFAFFF0FF4BB27C713CF88F" box="[151,260,1847,1872]" pageId="3" pageNumber="568" type="holotype">
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<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFAFFF0FF4BB27C713CF88F" bold="true" box="[151,260,1847,1872]" pageId="3" pageNumber="568">Holotype</emphasis>
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</typeStatus>
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.
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||
<collectionCode id="81E4AE3DFFFAFFF0FEC8B2737156F890" box="[276,366,1848,1871]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34878" name="University of Washington, Burke Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="568">UWBM</collectionCode>
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0 5925, field number: ADL 3999), a male from
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<location id="E22A6023FFFAFFF0FC47B2737400F88F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6F5C87EEFFFAFFFAFF4BB387750CFAF1:E22A6023FFFAFFF0FC47B2737400F88F" box="[923,1080,1848,1872]" country="Ghana" latitude="6.24246" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="0.5571" name="Atewa Range" pageId="3" pageNumber="568" stateProvince="A">Atewa Range</location>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="9FE27668FFFAFFF0FB99B27C74A9F88F" box="[1093,1169,1847,1872]" name="Ghana" pageId="3" pageNumber="568">Ghana</collectingCountry>
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,
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, -
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(date = WGS84),
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<quantity id="200D9B1DFFFAFFF0FE82B217719DF8AB" box="[350,421,1884,1909]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.69" pageId="3" pageNumber="568" unit="m" value="769.0">769 m</quantity>
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asl
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</elevation>
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,
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<collectingDate id="830FE9D0FFFAFFF0FE05B2177257F8AB" box="[473,623,1884,1909]" pageId="3" pageNumber="568" value="2011-05-26">
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<date id="934B1038FFFAFFF0FE05B2177257F8AB" box="[473,623,1884,1909]" pageId="3" pageNumber="568" value="2011-05-26">26 May 2011</date>
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</collectingDate>
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, coll.
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<collectorName id="4A00532EFFFAFFF0FD6FB217734FF8AA" box="[691,887,1884,1909]" pageId="3" pageNumber="568">C. Ofori-Boateng</collectorName>
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&
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<collectingRegion id="2531F81AFFFAFFF0FC47B217738BF8AB" box="[923,947,1884,1908]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="3" pageNumber="568">A</collectingRegion>
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.D.
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<collectorName id="4A00532EFFFAFFF0FC04B2177409F8AA" box="[984,1073,1884,1909]" pageId="3" pageNumber="568">Leaché.</collectorName>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E74A36F8FFFAFFF7FF1BB23473A9FF27" blockId="3.[151,1436,1847,2016]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,1976]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="569" pageId="3" pageNumber="568">
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<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFAFFF0FF1BB2347141F847" bold="true" box="[199,377,1919,1944]" pageId="3" pageNumber="568">Paratypes (15)</emphasis>
|
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. UWBM 9042–9046; ZMB 86155–
|
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<materialsCitation id="579D3CA5FFFAFFF0FCC1B2347568F83F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1804707942" collectingDate="2016-04" collectionCode="ZMB" collectorName="Atewa Range & C. Ofori-Boateng & Leache" latitude="6.12799" location="A" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-0.6289" pageId="3" pageNumber="568" specimenCode="UWBM 9041, UWBM 5924" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="A">
|
||
86159 (males) and
|
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<specimenCode id="B7539E83FFFAFFF0FBDCB2CB7498F847" box="[1024,1184,1920,1944]" collectionCode="UWBM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34878" name="University of Washington, Burke Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="568">UWBM 9041</specimenCode>
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,
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<specimenCode id="B7539E83FFFAFFF0FB6CB2CB7568F847" box="[1200,1360,1919,1944]" collectionCode="UWBM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34878" name="University of Washington, Burke Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="568">UWBM 5924</specimenCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="81E4AE3DFFFAFFF0FABCB2CB75A4F848" box="[1376,1436,1920,1943]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum f<>r Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="3" pageNumber="568">ZMB</collectionCode>
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86154 (females) collected from north-eastern (
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="82C1503FFFFAFFF0FC8BB2EF73C0F862" box="[855,1016,1956,1981]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="568" precision="1" value="-0.5571">0°33'25.56"W</geoCoordinate>
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) and north-western part of the
|
||
<collectorName id="4A00532EFFFAFFF0FA8FB2EF70E7F83F" pageId="3" pageNumber="568">Atewa Range</collectorName>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="82C1503FFFFAFFF0FF2EB28C71A5F83F" box="[242,413,1991,2016]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="568" precision="1" value="6.12799">6°7'40.7634"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="82C1503FFFFAFFF0FE70B2837275F83F" box="[428,589,1992,2016]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="568" precision="1" value="-0.6289">0°37'44.04"W</geoCoordinate>
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) respectively,
|
||
<collectingDate id="830FE9D0FFFAFFF0FD24B28C7341F83F" box="[760,889,1991,2016]" pageId="3" pageNumber="568" value="2016-04">
|
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<date id="934B1038FFFAFFF0FD24B28C7341F83F" box="[760,889,1991,2016]" pageId="3" pageNumber="568" value="2016-04">April 2016</date>
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||
</collectingDate>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="4A00532EFFFAFFF0FC19B28374B5F83F" box="[965,1165,1991,2016]" pageId="3" pageNumber="568">C. Ofori-Boateng</collectorName>
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&
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<collectingRegion id="2531F81AFFFAFFF0FB66B28374EAF83F" box="[1210,1234,1992,2016]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="3" pageNumber="568">A</collectingRegion>
|
||
.D.
|
||
<collectorName id="4A00532EFFFAFFF0FB27B28C7568F83F" box="[1275,1360,1991,2016]" pageId="3" pageNumber="568">Leaché</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
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;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="579D3CA5FFFAFFF7FABCB2837153FF0A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1804707941" collectingDate="2006-06-07" collectionCode="ZMB" collectorName="N. G. Kouame & C. Ofori-Boateng" elevation="817" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="569" latitude="6.2063055" location="Atiwiredu" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-0.57755554" municipality="Atewa" pageId="3" pageNumber="568" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="A">
|
||
<collectionCode id="81E4AE3DFFFAFFF0FABCB28375A4F800" box="[1376,1436,1992,2015]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum f<>r Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="3" pageNumber="568">ZMB</collectionCode>
|
||
86160 (male),
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="072EAC82FFFDFFF7FEE6B5D371BBFF6F" box="[314,387,152,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">Atewa</collectingMunicipality>
|
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range,
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<location id="E22A6023FFFDFFF7FE09B5DC7271FF6F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6F5C87EEFFFAFFFAFF4BB387750CFAF1:E22A6023FFFDFFF7FE09B5DC7271FF6F" box="[469,585,151,176]" latitude="6.2063055" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-0.57755554" municipality="Atewa" name="Atiwiredu" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" stateProvince="A">Atiwiredu</location>
|
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,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="82C1503FFFFDFFF7FD8FB5DC72CCFF6F" box="[595,756,151,176]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" precision="1" value="6.2063055">06°12’22.7”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="82C1503FFFFDFFF7FD23B5D373A1FF6F" box="[767,921,152,176]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" precision="1" value="-0.57755554">0°34’39.2’’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<elevation id="6CD8D1CBFFFDFFF7FC78B5D3742BFF6F" box="[932,1043,151,176]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.17" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" unit="m" value="817.0">
|
||
<quantity id="200D9B1DFFFDFFF7FC78B5D373D3FF70" box="[932,1003,152,176]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.17" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" unit="m" value="817.0">817 m</quantity>
|
||
asl
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="830FE9D0FFFDFFF7FBC1B5D3749EFF6F" box="[1053,1190,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" value="2006-06-07">
|
||
<date id="934B1038FFFDFFF7FBC1B5D3749EFF6F" box="[1053,1190,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" value="2006-06-07">7 June 2006</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="4A00532EFFFDFFF7FB34B5D375B8FF6F" box="[1256,1408,152,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">N.G. Kouamé</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="4A00532EFFFDFFF7FF4BB5F77153FF0A" box="[151,363,188,213]" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">C. Ofori-Boateng</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="579D3CA5FFFDFFF7FE5EB5F673A9FF27" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1804707943" collectionCode="ZMB" collectorName="C. Ofori-Boateng & Hillers." country="Ghana" latitude="5.2455916" location="Jukwa forest" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-1.3784194" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" specimenCode="ZMB 73709" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="A">
|
||
<collectionCode id="81E4AE3DFFFDFFF7FE5EB5F67187FF0B" box="[386,447,189,212]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum f<>r Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">ZMB</collectionCode>
|
||
73708 (male) and
|
||
<specimenCode id="B7539E83FFFDFFF7FD18B5F67362FF0B" box="[708,858,188,212]" collectionCode="ZMB" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum f<>r Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">ZMB 73709</specimenCode>
|
||
(female),
|
||
<location id="E22A6023FFFDFFF7FC3AB5F774BCFF0A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6F5C87EEFFFAFFFAFF4BB387750CFAF1:E22A6023FFFDFFF7FC3AB5F774BCFF0A" box="[998,1156,188,213]" country="Ghana" latitude="5.2455916" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-1.3784194" name="Jukwa forest" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" stateProvince="A">Jukwa forest</location>
|
||
, south-western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9FE27668FFFDFFF7FA90B5F775A0FF0A" box="[1356,1432,188,213]" name="Ghana" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">Ghana</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="82C1503FFFFDFFF7FF4BB5947103FF27" box="[151,315,223,248]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" precision="1" value="5.2455916">5°14’44.13’’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="82C1503FFFFDFFF7FE9BB5AB71C8FF27" box="[327,496,224,248]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" precision="1" value="-1.3784194">1°22’42.31’’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="4A00532EFFFDFFF7FDEFB5AB72C0FF27" box="[563,760,223,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">C. Ofori-Boateng</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2531F81AFFFDFFF7FCC7B5AB730AFF27" box="[795,818,224,248]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">A</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="4A00532EFFFDFFF7FCE1B59473A9FF27" box="[829,913,223,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">Hillers.</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AFEF6573FFFDFFF7FF1BB44F7474F867" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="E74A36F8FFFDFFF7FF1BB44F7491FE73" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FF1BB44F7102FEC2" bold="true" box="[199,314,260,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
. The molecular results place the new species within
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FC48B44F7466FEC3" box="[916,1118,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FC48B44F7462FEC3" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1862" box="[916,1114,260,284]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Phrynobatrachus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Morphologically this genus is distinguished from the similar looking and often syntopic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FC9DB46373FFFE9F" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1849" box="[833,967,296,320]" class="Amphibia" family="Arthroleptidae" genus="Arthroleptis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FC9DB46373FFFE9F" box="[833,967,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">Arthroleptis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and juvenile
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FBBDB46374DDFE9F" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1917" box="[1121,1253,296,320]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Ptychadena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FBBDB46374DDFE9F" box="[1121,1253,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">Ptychadena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the presence of a tarsal tubercle (absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FE29B4077243FEBB" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1849" box="[501,635,332,356]" class="Amphibia" family="Arthroleptidae" genus="Arthroleptis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FE29B4077243FEBB" box="[501,635,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">Arthroleptis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FD64B4077304FEBB" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1917" box="[696,828,332,356]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Ptychadena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FD64B4077304FEBB" box="[696,828,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">Ptychadena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); presence or absence of webbing (always absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FF4BB43B7125FE57" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1849" box="[151,285,368,392]" class="Amphibia" family="Arthroleptidae" genus="Arthroleptis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FF4BB43B7125FE57" box="[151,285,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">Arthroleptis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); lack of a black spot in the tympanal region (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FC68B43B7402FE57" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1849" box="[948,1082,368,392]" class="Amphibia" family="Arthroleptidae" genus="Arthroleptis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FC68B43B7402FE57" box="[948,1082,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">Arthroleptis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); lack of a median dorsal skin raphe (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FE86B4DF71D8FE73" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1849" box="[346,480,404,428]" class="Amphibia" family="Arthroleptidae" genus="Arthroleptis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FE86B4DF71D8FE73" box="[346,480,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">Arthroleptis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); and the lack of parallel dorsal ridges (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FBC8B4DF74A0FE73" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1917" box="[1044,1176,404,428]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Ptychadena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FBC8B4DF74A0FE73" box="[1044,1176,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">Ptychadena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E74A36F8FFFDFFF7FF1BB4FC732CFD12" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">
|
||
The new species is a small frog (<
|
||
<quantity id="200D9B1DFFFDFFF7FD95B4FC72A0FE0F" box="[585,664,439,464]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
|
||
) with a short, pointed snout and warty skin; warts most prominent on back; snout-vent length (SVL) of adult males
|
||
<quantity id="200D9B1DFFFDFFF7FD7BB4977376FE2B" box="[679,846,476,500]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.875" metricValueMax="2.03" metricValueMin="1.72" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" unit="mm" value="18.75" valueMax="20.3" valueMin="17.2">17.2–20.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, adult females measure
|
||
<quantity id="200D9B1DFFFDFFF7FBBFB4977533FE2B" box="[1123,1291,476,501]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.295" metricValueMax="2.34" metricValueMin="2.25" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" unit="mm" value="22.95" valueMax="23.4" valueMin="22.5">22.5–23.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
; mean index head width/SVL is 0.3 (0.3–0.4; N = 17); eyelid tubercles absent; tympanum present but indistinct; fingers without webbing; rudimentary pedal webbing; tips of fingers not or slightly enlarged; toes distinctly enlarged to discs; small inner metatarsal tubercle present, larger than outer metatarsal tubercle; distinct tarsal tubercle; males with a subgular vocal disc, extending to anterior chest, dusted in black or covered with dark black blotches; males with large white nuptial pads on dorsal surface of first finger, femoral glands absent; belly of both sexes with minute black dots to large black blotching on white background.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E74A36F8FFFDFFF7FF1BB79C724BFAEF" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">
|
||
The new species differs genetically from other West African
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FC5EB793747DFD2F" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1862" box="[898,1093,728,752]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FC5EB793747DFD2F" box="[898,1093,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">Phrynobatrachus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by 5–19% in the investigated part of the 16S gene (see below). Superficially the new species resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FC01B7B67460FCCB" authorityName="Ahl" authorityYear="1924" box="[989,1112,764,788]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FC01B7B67460FCCB" box="[989,1112,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">P. latifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but can be told apart by the more pronounced pedal webbing and the yellow throat of breeding males in the latter species. Genetically and morphologically closest to the new species are three other West African species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FBC2B60E7496FC83" baseAuthorityName="Chabanaud" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[1054,1198,837,860]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gutturosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FBC2B60E7496FC83" box="[1054,1198,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">P. gutturosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FB60B60E756AFC83" baseAuthorityName="Chabanaud" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[1212,1362,836,860]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraterculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FB60B60E756AFC83" box="[1212,1362,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">P. fraterculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FA5BB60E71EBFC5F" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FA5BB60E710BFC5F" authorityName="Guibe & Lamotte" authorityYear="1958" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculiventris">P. maculiventris</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FEE3B62271EBFC5F" authority="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel, 2018" authorityName="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel" authorityYear="2018" box="[319,467,872,896]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afiabirago" status="sp. nov.">P. afiabirago</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEB25791FFFDFFF7FE00B62C7200FC5F" box="[476,568,871,896]" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FE00B62C7200FC5F" bold="true" box="[476,568,871,896]" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
males of the new species share with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FC3BB62274A5FC5F" authorityName="Guibe & Lamotte" authorityYear="1958" box="[999,1181,872,896]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculiventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FC3BB62274A5FC5F" box="[999,1181,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">P. maculiventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a throat, that is either completely covered with blackish spots or completely dusted in black (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7FCE2A7DFFFDFFF7FC19B6C7742FFC7B" box="[965,1047,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1021,1043]" captionTargetBox="[240,1340,183,1007]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[240,1340,183,1007]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ventral (A), dorsal (B), and dorsolateral (C–D) views of Phrynobatrachus afiabirago sp. nov. from the Atewa Range, Ghana (male holotype:A–C, UWBM 05925, and D: female paratype, UWBM 5924)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1156786/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="7FCE2A7DFFFDFFF7FBF9B6C7740CFC7B" box="[1061,1076,908,932]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1981,2003]" captionTargetBox="[185,1402,1130,1954]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[181,1414,1117,1969]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Variations in ventral pattern among males (A; from left to right UWBM 9044, 9045 and 9043) and females (B; from left to right UWBM 9042, 9041 and 5924) of Phrynobatrachus afiabiragosp. nov." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1156788/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="7FCE2A7DFFFDFFF7FB9EB6C7745CFC7B" box="[1090,1124,908,932]" captionStart="FIGURE4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1313,1335]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,157,1291]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[188,1398,157,1291]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE4. West African Phrynobatrachus species,similar toPhrynobatrachus afiabirago sp. nov. Dorsal(A) and ventral (B) view of a male Phrynobatrachus gutturosus from Taï National Park, Ivory Coast; dorsal (C) and ventral (D) view of a male Phrynobatrachus fraterculus from Gola Rainforest National Park, Sierra Leone; and dorsal (E) and ventral (F) view of a male Phrynobatrachus maculiventris from south-eastern Guinea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1156790/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">4F</figureCitation>
|
||
); in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FB45B6C67513FC7B" baseAuthorityName="Chabanaud" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[1177,1323,909,932]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gutturosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FB45B6C67513FC7B" box="[1177,1323,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">P. gutturosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the black coloration of the throat in males is typically restricted to the anterior throat and does not extend onto the chest (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7FCE2A7DFFFDFFF7FAB3B6E47083FC33" captionStart="FIGURE4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1313,1335]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,157,1291]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[188,1398,157,1291]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE4. West African Phrynobatrachus species,similar toPhrynobatrachus afiabirago sp. nov. Dorsal(A) and ventral (B) view of a male Phrynobatrachus gutturosus from Taï National Park, Ivory Coast; dorsal (C) and ventral (D) view of a male Phrynobatrachus fraterculus from Gola Rainforest National Park, Sierra Leone; and dorsal (E) and ventral (F) view of a male Phrynobatrachus maculiventris from south-eastern Guinea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1156790/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="83644B09FFFDFFF7FF1BB69F71B0FC33" author="Chabanaud" box="[199,392,980,1005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" refString="Chabanaud, P. (1921) Contributions a l'etude de la faune herpetologique de l'Afrique Occidentale. II. Deuxieme note. Bulletin du Comite d'Etudes Historiques et Scientifiques de l'Afrique Occidentale Francaise, 1921, 445 - 472." type="journal article" year="1921">Chabanaud 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="83644B09FFFDFFF7FE49B69F7224FC33" author="Rodel" box="[405,540,980,1005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" refString="Rodel, M. - O. (2000) Herpetofauna of West Africa. Vol. I. Amphibians of the West African savanna. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, 335 pp." type="book" year="2000">Rödel 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The throat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FD10B69E735AFC33" baseAuthorityName="Chabanaud" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[716,866,980,1004]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraterculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FD10B69E735AFC33" box="[716,866,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">P. fraterculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
males is dirty yellowish grey (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7FCE2A7DFFFDFFF7FB1DB69F7525FC33" box="[1217,1309,980,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1313,1335]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,157,1291]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[188,1398,157,1291]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE4. West African Phrynobatrachus species,similar toPhrynobatrachus afiabirago sp. nov. Dorsal(A) and ventral (B) view of a male Phrynobatrachus gutturosus from Taï National Park, Ivory Coast; dorsal (C) and ventral (D) view of a male Phrynobatrachus fraterculus from Gola Rainforest National Park, Sierra Leone; and dorsal (E) and ventral (F) view of a male Phrynobatrachus maculiventris from south-eastern Guinea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1156790/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The belly of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FF64B6B27175FBCF" authority="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel, 2018" authorityName="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel" authorityYear="2018" box="[184,333,1016,1040]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afiabirago" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FF64B6B27175FBCF" box="[184,333,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">P. afiabirago</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEB25791FFFDFFF7FE8BB6BC718BFBCF" box="[343,435,1015,1040]" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FE8BB6BC718BFBCF" bold="true" box="[343,435,1015,1040]" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
always shows some dark patterning, ranging from very few small black dots to being densely beset with large dark blotches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7FCE2A7DFFFDFFF7FD88B15772A0FBEB" box="[596,664,1052,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1981,2003]" captionTargetBox="[185,1402,1130,1954]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[181,1414,1117,1969]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Variations in ventral pattern among males (A; from left to right UWBM 9044, 9045 and 9043) and females (B; from left to right UWBM 9042, 9041 and 5924) of Phrynobatrachus afiabiragosp. nov." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1156788/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). The belly of adult
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FC5CB1567429FBEB" baseAuthorityName="Chabanaud" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[896,1041,1053,1076]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gutturosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FC5CB1567429FBEB" box="[896,1041,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">P. gutturosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is usually white or only exhibiting very few minute black dots (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7FCE2A7DFFFDFFF7FE05B1747209FB87" box="[473,561,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURE4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1313,1335]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,157,1291]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[188,1398,157,1291]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE4. West African Phrynobatrachus species,similar toPhrynobatrachus afiabirago sp. nov. Dorsal(A) and ventral (B) view of a male Phrynobatrachus gutturosus from Taï National Park, Ivory Coast; dorsal (C) and ventral (D) view of a male Phrynobatrachus fraterculus from Gola Rainforest National Park, Sierra Leone; and dorsal (E) and ventral (F) view of a male Phrynobatrachus maculiventris from south-eastern Guinea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1156790/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
); in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FDB8B10A72C1FB87" baseAuthorityName="Chabanaud" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[612,761,1088,1112]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraterculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FDB8B10A72C1FB87" box="[612,761,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">P. fraterculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the belly is greyish white with few larger and smaller black dots along the edges and in the pectoral region (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7FCE2A7DFFFDFFF7FD77B12F733DFBA3" box="[683,773,1124,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1313,1335]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,157,1291]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[188,1398,157,1291]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE4. West African Phrynobatrachus species,similar toPhrynobatrachus afiabirago sp. nov. Dorsal(A) and ventral (B) view of a male Phrynobatrachus gutturosus from Taï National Park, Ivory Coast; dorsal (C) and ventral (D) view of a male Phrynobatrachus fraterculus from Gola Rainforest National Park, Sierra Leone; and dorsal (E) and ventral (F) view of a male Phrynobatrachus maculiventris from south-eastern Guinea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1156790/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
|
||
); the belly of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FC42B12E746AFBA3" authorityName="Guibe & Lamotte" authorityYear="1958" box="[926,1106,1124,1148]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculiventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FC42B12E746AFBA3" box="[926,1106,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">P. maculiventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is densely covered with huge black blotches, separated by white lines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7FCE2A7DFFFDFFF7FDB6B1CC72F9FB7F" box="[618,705,1159,1184]" captionStart="FIGURE4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1313,1335]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,157,1291]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[188,1398,157,1291]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE4. West African Phrynobatrachus species,similar toPhrynobatrachus afiabirago sp. nov. Dorsal(A) and ventral (B) view of a male Phrynobatrachus gutturosus from Taï National Park, Ivory Coast; dorsal (C) and ventral (D) view of a male Phrynobatrachus fraterculus from Gola Rainforest National Park, Sierra Leone; and dorsal (E) and ventral (F) view of a male Phrynobatrachus maculiventris from south-eastern Guinea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1156790/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">Fig. 4F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Furthermore
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FCB5B1C27438FB7F" baseAuthorityName="Chabanaud" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[873,1024,1160,1184]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraterculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FCB5B1C27438FB7F" box="[873,1024,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">P. fraterculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FBE4B1C274D4FB7F" authorityName="Guibe & Lamotte" authorityYear="1958" box="[1080,1260,1160,1184]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculiventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FBE4B1C274D4FB7F" box="[1080,1260,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">P. maculiventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ from the new species by having a smooth or slightly granular back skin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7FCE2A7DFFFDFFF7FCACB1E773CDFB1B" box="[880,1013,1196,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1313,1335]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,157,1291]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[188,1398,157,1291]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE4. West African Phrynobatrachus species,similar toPhrynobatrachus afiabirago sp. nov. Dorsal(A) and ventral (B) view of a male Phrynobatrachus gutturosus from Taï National Park, Ivory Coast; dorsal (C) and ventral (D) view of a male Phrynobatrachus fraterculus from Gola Rainforest National Park, Sierra Leone; and dorsal (E) and ventral (F) view of a male Phrynobatrachus maculiventris from south-eastern Guinea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1156790/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">Figs. 4C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
), in contrast to the presence of many distinct warts in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FE88B19A71DEFB37" authority="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel, 2018" authorityName="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel" authorityYear="2018" box="[340,486,1232,1256]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afiabirago" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FE88B19A71DEFB37" box="[340,486,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">P. afiabirago</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEB25791FFFDFFF7FE32B1847270FB37" box="[494,584,1231,1256]" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FE32B1847270FB37" bold="true" box="[494,584,1231,1256]" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="7FCE2A7DFFFDFFF7FD85B18472A6FB37" box="[601,670,1231,1256]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1021,1043]" captionTargetBox="[240,1340,183,1007]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[240,1340,183,1007]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ventral (A), dorsal (B), and dorsolateral (C–D) views of Phrynobatrachus afiabirago sp. nov. from the Atewa Range, Ghana (male holotype:A–C, UWBM 05925, and D: female paratype, UWBM 5924)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1156786/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). The most distinctive feature, differentiating
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FB7BB19A7501FB37" authority="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel, 2018" authorityName="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel" authorityYear="2018" box="[1191,1337,1232,1256]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afiabirago" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FB7BB19A7501FB37" box="[1191,1337,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">P. afiabirago</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEB25791FFFDFFF7FA9DB18475A4FB37" box="[1345,1436,1231,1256]" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FA9DB18475A4FB37" bold="true" box="[1345,1436,1231,1256]" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
from
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FF0AB1BE7237FAD3" box="[214,527,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FF0AB1BE7153FAD3" baseAuthorityName="Chabanaud" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[214,363,1269,1292]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gutturosus">P. gutturosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FEABB1BE7237FAD3" baseAuthorityName="Chabanaud" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[375,527,1268,1292]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraterculus">P. fraterculus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FD9BB1BE733BFAD3" box="[583,771,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FD9BB1BE72C7FAD3" authorityName="Guibe & Lamotte" authorityYear="1958" box="[583,767,1268,1292]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculiventris">P. maculiventris</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is the lack of femoral glands in males of the new species, present in males of the other three species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E74A36F8FFFDFFF7FF1BB0767474F867" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">
|
||
From other West African
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FE35B0777293FA8B" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1862" box="[489,683,1340,1364]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FE35B0777293FA8B" box="[489,683,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">Phrynobatrachus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FCD0B07673A6FA8B" authority="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel, 2018" authorityName="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel" authorityYear="2018" box="[780,926,1340,1364]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afiabirago" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FCD0B07673A6FA8B" box="[780,926,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">P. afiabirago</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEB25791FFFDFFF7FC7AB0777438FA8A" box="[934,1024,1340,1365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FC7AB0777438FA8A" bold="true" box="[934,1024,1340,1365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
differs morphologically (for genetic differences see below) by small size (SVL <
|
||
<quantity id="200D9B1DFFFDFFF7FD54B01472E2FAA7" box="[648,730,1375,1400]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FD39B02A7314FAA7" box="[741,812,1377,1400]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">versus</emphasis>
|
||
adults equal or larger than
|
||
<quantity id="200D9B1DFFFDFFF7FB83B0147496FAA8" box="[1119,1198,1375,1400]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
|
||
in:
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FB06B02A727CFA43" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FB06B02A7544FAA7" authorityName="Rodel, Boateng, Penner & Hillers" authorityYear="2009" box="[1242,1404,1376,1400]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedius">P. intermedius</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FA5BB02A7136FA43" authorityName="Barbour & Loveridge" authorityYear="1927" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="liberiensis">P. liberiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FEFCB0CE71A6FA43" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[288,414,1412,1436]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plicatus">P. plicatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FE6CB0CE727CFA43" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[432,580,1412,1436]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="natalensis">P. natalensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
); absence of a black lateral face mask (black face mask present in
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FA5BB0CE719BFA1F" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FA5BB0CE7126FA1F" authorityName="Rodel, Boateng, Penner & Hillers" authorityYear="2009" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedius">P. intermedius</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FEF0B0E2719BFA1F" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[300,419,1448,1472]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plicatus">P. plicatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
); absence of a spiny eyelid tubercle (present in
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FC08B0E27149FA3B" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FC08B0E2745BFA1F" authorityName="Perret" authorityYear="1966" box="[980,1123,1448,1472]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="annulatus">P. annulatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FBAEB0E27531FA1F" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[1138,1289,1448,1472]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calcaratus">P. calcaratus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FACBB0E27541FA60" authorityName="Hillers, Zimkus & Rodel" authorityYear="2008" box="[1303,1401,1448,1472]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pintoi">P. pintoi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FA5BB0E270D7FA3B" authorityName="Perret" authorityYear="1988" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taiensis">P. taiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FF21B0867149FA3B" authorityName="Guibe" authorityYear="1959" box="[253,369,1484,1508]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="villiersi">P. villiersi</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
); presence of distinct black lateral bands on flanks (shared with most
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FB7BB086751CFA3B" authorityName="Ahl" authorityYear="1924" box="[1191,1316,1484,1508]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FB7BB086751CFA3B" box="[1191,1316,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">P. latifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and some other, but smaller species); throat of males with black markings, but not entirely black (males with yellow throat:
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FA5BB0BA7153F9F3" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FA5BB0BA70E2F9F3" authorityName="Parker" authorityYear="1936" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alleni">P. alleni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FF37B35E7153F9F3" authorityName="Ahl" authorityYear="1924" box="[235,363,1556,1580]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latifrons">P. latifrons</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
; uniform black or grey:
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FD41B35E73CBF98F" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FD41B35E730EF9F3" authorityName="Barbour & Loveridge" authorityYear="1927" box="[669,822,1556,1580]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="liberiensis">P. liberiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FC94B35E73FDF9F3" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[840,965,1556,1580]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plicatus">P. plicatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FC0BB35E744AF9F3" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[983,1138,1556,1580]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calcaratus">P. calcaratus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FB58B35E74D2F9F3" authorityName="Hillers, Zimkus & Rodel" authorityYear="2008" box="[1156,1258,1557,1580]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pintoi">P. pintoi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FB27B35E754DF9F3" authorityName="Guibe" authorityYear="1959" box="[1275,1397,1556,1580]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="villiersi">P. villiersi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FA5BB35E7128F990" authorityName="Guibe & Lamotte" authorityYear="1962" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guineensis">P. guineensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FEC0B37271FEF98F" authorityName="Rodel & Ernst" authorityYear="2002" box="[284,454,1592,1616]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phyllophilus">P. phyllophilus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FE0EB372725AF98F" authorityName="Schiotz" authorityYear="1964" box="[466,610,1592,1616]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ghanensis">P. ghanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FDB2B37272D7F98F" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1912" box="[622,751,1592,1616]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="francisci">P. francisci</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FD27B37273B4F98F" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[763,908,1592,1616]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="natalensis">P. natalensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FC45B37273CBF98F" baseAuthorityName="Chabanaud" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[921,1011,1592,1616]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tokba">P. tokba</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
; white or greyish:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FB17B372756DF98F" authorityName="Perret" authorityYear="1966" box="[1227,1365,1592,1616]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="annulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FB17B372756DF98F" box="[1227,1365,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">P. annulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; clear with darker stippling and without obvious vocal sac:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FD38B31673B5F9AB" authorityName="Parker" authorityYear="1936" box="[740,909,1628,1652]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brongersmai">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FD38B31673B5F9AB" box="[740,909,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">P. brongersmai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); males with disc-like vocal sac skin extending to anterior chest (only shared with
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FDF8B3CA74B5F948" box="[548,1165,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FDF8B3CA7281F947" baseAuthorityName="Chabanaud" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[548,697,1665,1688]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gutturosus">P. gutturosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FD19B3CA7367F947" baseAuthorityName="Chabanaud" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[709,863,1664,1688]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraterculus">P. fraterculus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FCB7B3CA741BF947" authorityName="Guibe & Lamotte" authorityYear="1958" box="[875,1059,1664,1688]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculiventris">P. maculiventris</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FBF3B3CA74B5F948" authorityName="Hillers, Zimkus & Rodel" authorityYear="2008" box="[1071,1165,1664,1688]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pintoi">P. pintoi</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
); most individuals with larger black spots on white belly (shared with
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FD7CB3EE74F1F963" box="[672,1225,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FD7CB3EE732CF963" authorityName="Perret" authorityYear="1988" box="[672,788,1701,1724]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taiensis">P. taiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FCFCB3EE7397F963" authorityName="Schiotz" authorityYear="1964" box="[800,943,1700,1724]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ghanensis">P. ghanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FC66B3EE7422F963" authorityName="Hillers, Zimkus & Rodel" authorityYear="2008" box="[954,1050,1701,1724]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pintoi">P. pintoi</taxonomicName>
|
||
, P. annulatus—
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
at least some spots round with white centre,
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FE65B382727DF93F" box="[441,581,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">P. villiersi—</emphasis>
|
||
black blotches on clear blue belly; some other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FBBEB383751CF93F" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1862" box="[1122,1316,1736,1760]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FBBEB383751CF93F" box="[1122,1316,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">Phrynobatrachus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may have few small black spots); rough warty back skin (back skin smooth in
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FC22B3A67104F8F7" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FC22B3A67498F8DB" baseAuthorityName="Chabanaud" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[1022,1184,1772,1796]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraterculus">P. fraterculus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FB68B3A6754BF8DB" authorityName="Guibe & Lamotte" authorityYear="1958" box="[1204,1395,1772,1796]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculiventris">P. maculiventris</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FA5BB3A67104F8F7" authorityName="Rödel, Ohler & Hillers" authorityYear="2010" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hieroglyphicus">P. hieroglyphicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
; sometimes smooth in breeding
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FD79B25A73BCF8F7" box="[677,900,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FD79B25A7319F8F7" authorityName="Ahl" authorityYear="1924" box="[677,801,1808,1832]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latifrons">P. latifrons</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FCF0B25A73BCF8F7" baseAuthorityName="Chabanaud" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[812,900,1808,1832]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tokba">P. tokba</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
); males without femoral glands (femoral glands present in males of
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FE5CB27E74F0F893" box="[384,1224,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FE5CB27E722FF893" baseAuthorityName="Chabanaud" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[384,535,1845,1868]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gutturosus">P. gutturosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FDFAB27E72FAF893" baseAuthorityName="Chabanaud" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[550,706,1844,1868]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraterculus">P. fraterculus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FD0CB27E73B2F893" authorityName="Guibe & Lamotte" authorityYear="1958" box="[720,906,1844,1868]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculiventris">P. maculiventris</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FC45B27E7428F893" authorityName="Perret" authorityYear="1988" box="[921,1040,1845,1868]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taiensis">P. taiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FBC3B27E74F0F893" authorityName="Rodel & Ernst" authorityYear="2002" box="[1055,1224,1844,1868]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phyllophilus">P. phyllophilus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
); no longer or Xshaped scapular or dorsal ridges (scapular ridges long and converging towards mid-body, almost X-shaped:
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FA5BB212715EF84B" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FA5BB21270E1F84B" authorityName="Parker" authorityYear="1936" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alleni">P. alleni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FF37B236715EF84B" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[235,358,1916,1940]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plicatus">P. plicatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
); distinct but rudimentary webbing (webbing more developed in
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFDFFF7FBA0B2367403F867" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="569">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FBA0B23674D9F84B" authorityName="Parker" authorityYear="1936" box="[1148,1249,1916,1940]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alleni">P. alleni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FB2FB236754EF84B" authorityName="Ahl" authorityYear="1924" box="[1267,1398,1916,1940]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latifrons">P. latifrons</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FA5BB23670C4F867" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1912" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="francisci">P. francisci</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FEDBB2EA71AEF867" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[263,406,1952,1976]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="natalensis">P. natalensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FE7EB2EA727CF867" authorityName="Rodel, Boateng, Penner & Hillers" authorityYear="2009" box="[418,580,1952,1976]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedius">P. intermedius</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FD93B2EA72DAF867" authorityName="Barbour & Loveridge" authorityYear="1927" box="[591,738,1952,1976]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="liberiensis">P. liberiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FD32B2EA735CF867" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[750,868,1952,1976]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plicatus">P. plicatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFDFFF7FCACB2EA7403F867" authorityName="Rodel, Onadeko, Barej & Sandberger" authorityYear="2012" box="[880,1083,1952,1976]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="569" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rainerguentheri">P. rainerguentheri</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="B38A6670FFFCFFF6FF4BB6B6747EFBED" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1156786/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="570" targetBox="[240,1340,183,1007]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="E74A36F8FFFCFFF6FF4BB6B6747EFBED" blockId="5.[151,1436,1021,1074]" pageId="5" pageNumber="570">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFCFFF6FF4BB6B6712DFBCD" bold="true" box="[151,277,1021,1043]" pageId="5" pageNumber="570">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral (A), dorsal (B), and dorsolateral (C–D) views of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFCFFF6FCADB6B674ACFBCC" authority="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel, 2018" authorityName="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel" authorityYear="2018" box="[881,1172,1021,1043]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="570" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afiabirago" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFCFFF6FCADB6B674ACFBCC" box="[881,1172,1021,1043]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="570">Phrynobatrachus afiabirago</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEB25791FFFCFFF6FB40B6B574D7FBCC" box="[1180,1263,1022,1043]" pageId="5" pageNumber="570" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFCFFF6FB40B6B574D7FBCC" bold="true" box="[1180,1263,1022,1043]" pageId="5" pageNumber="570">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
from the Atewa Range, Ghana (male holotype: A–C, UWBM 0 5925, and D: female paratype, UWBM 5924).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="B38A6670FFFCFFF6FF4BB2F6742EF82D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1156788/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="570" targetBox="[185,1402,1130,1954]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="E74A36F8FFFCFFF6FF4BB2F6742EF82D" blockId="5.[151,1436,1981,2034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="570">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFCFFF6FF4BB2F6712CF80C" bold="true" box="[151,276,1981,2003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="570">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Variations in ventral pattern among males (A; from left to right UWBM 9044, 9045 and 9043) and females (B; from left to right UWBM 9042, 9041 and 5924) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFCFFF6FD42B29773F8F82D" authority="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel, 2018" authorityName="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel" authorityYear="2018" box="[670,960,2012,2034]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="570" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afiabirago" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFCFFF6FD42B29773F8F82D" box="[670,960,2012,2034]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="570">Phrynobatrachus afiabirago</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEB25791FFFCFFF6FC19B296742EF82D" box="[965,1046,2013,2034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="570" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="B38A6670FFFFFFF5FF4BB06A72CAFA4C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1156790/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="571" targetBox="[188,1398,157,1291]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="E74A36F8FFFFFFF5FF4BB06A72CAFA4C" blockId="6.[151,1436,1313,1427]" pageId="6" pageNumber="571">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFFFFF5FF4BB06A712AFAE9" bold="true" box="[151,274,1313,1335]" pageId="6" pageNumber="571">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
West African
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFFFFF5FE7FB06A726AFAE8" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1862" box="[419,594,1313,1335]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="571" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFFFFF5FE7FB06A726AFAE8" box="[419,594,1313,1335]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="571">Phrynobatrachus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFFFFF5FCC8B06A740DFAE8" authority="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel, 2018" authorityName="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel" authorityYear="2018" box="[788,1077,1313,1335]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="571" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afiabirago" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFFFFF5FCC8B06A740DFAE8" box="[788,1077,1313,1335]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="571">Phrynobatrachus afiabirago</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEB25791FFFFFFF5FBE7B06A74B3FAE9" box="[1083,1163,1313,1334]" pageId="6" pageNumber="571" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFFFFF5FBE7B06A74B3FAE9" bold="true" box="[1083,1163,1313,1334]" pageId="6" pageNumber="571">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) view of a male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFFFFF5FEE6B00B7264FA89" baseAuthorityName="Chabanaud" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[314,604,1344,1366]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="571" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gutturosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFFFFF5FEE6B00B7264FA89" box="[314,604,1344,1366]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="571">Phrynobatrachus gutturosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Taï National Park, Ivory Coast; dorsal (C) and ventral (D) view of a male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFFFFF5FF4BB0157183FAAB" baseAuthorityName="Chabanaud" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[151,443,1374,1396]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="571" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraterculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFFFFF5FF4BB0157183FAAB" box="[151,443,1374,1396]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="571">Phrynobatrachus fraterculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Gola Rainforest National Park, Sierra Leone; and dorsal (E) and ventral (F) view of a male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFFFFF5FF4BB03671EFFA4C" authorityName="Guibe & Lamotte" authorityYear="1958" box="[151,471,1405,1427]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="571" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculiventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFFFFF5FF4BB03671EFFA4C" box="[151,471,1405,1427]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="571">Phrynobatrachus maculiventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from south-eastern Guinea.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AFEF6573FFFFFFF4FF1BB08B7467FDBF" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="572" pageId="6" pageNumber="571" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="E74A36F8FFFFFFF5FF1BB08B722CF8BA" blockId="6.[151,1437,1472,2037]" pageId="6" pageNumber="571">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFFFFF5FF1BB08B71F3FA06" bold="true" box="[199,459,1472,1497]" pageId="6" pageNumber="571">
|
||
<typeStatus id="384E885AFFFFFFF5FF1BB08B710CFA06" box="[199,308,1472,1497]" pageId="6" pageNumber="571" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
description
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="81E4AE3DFFFFFFF5FE38B08B7278FA07" box="[484,576,1472,1496]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34878" name="University of Washington, Burke Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="571">UWBM</collectionCode>
|
||
5925, all measures in mm;
|
||
<figureCitation id="7FCE2A7DFFFFFFF5FC6BB08B7404FA07" box="[951,1084,1472,1497]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1021,1043]" captionTargetBox="[240,1340,183,1007]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[240,1340,183,1007]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ventral (A), dorsal (B), and dorsolateral (C–D) views of Phrynobatrachus afiabirago sp. nov. from the Atewa Range, Ghana (male holotype:A–C, UWBM 05925, and D: female paratype, UWBM 5924)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1156786/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="571">
|
||
Fig. 2
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2531F81AFFFFFFF5FBDFB08B7421FA07" box="[1027,1049,1472,1496]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="6" pageNumber="571">A</collectingRegion>
|
||
–C
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Typical, small, adult male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFFFFF5FF4BB0AF7162FA23" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1862" box="[151,346,1508,1532]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="571" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFFFFF5FF4BB0AF7162FA23" box="[151,346,1508,1532]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="571">Phrynobatrachus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with short, slender-oval body shape; snout-vent length:
|
||
<quantity id="200D9B1DFFFFFFF5FC0BB0AF7407FA23" box="[983,1087,1508,1532]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8399999999999999" pageId="6" pageNumber="571" unit="mm" value="18.4">18.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
; short snout, rounded in dorsal and rounded to slightly protruding in lateral view; canthus rostralis rounded; loreal region slightly concave; headwidth directly behind the eyes: 7.1; eye-diameter: 2.0; distance eye-nostril: 1.7; distance eye-snout tip: 2.2; nostril closer to snout than to eye; tympanum present but indistinct, tympanum diameter: ~ 0.9, nearly half the size of eye diameter; femur: 8.2, shorter than tibio-fibulare: 10.9; foot including longest toe: 14.8; hand with large oval palmar and thenar tubercles; fingers with small roundish subarticular tubercles, no additional tubercles on hands; finger tips very slightly expanded without forming discs; relative finger length: III>I<II=IV; palmar webbing rudimentary, webbing only between the most basal phalange of each toe; small and oval inner and outer metatarsal tubercles present, the inner one being larger approximately 0.25 of shortest toe length; relative toe length: I<II<III=V<IV; toes expanded forming slightly triangular to roundish discs; tarsal tubercle present, size almost equal to outer metatarsal tubercle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E74A36F8FFFFFFF5FF1BB23B7374F82A" blockId="6.[151,1437,1472,2037]" pageId="6" pageNumber="571">Dorsal skin slightly warty, two converging—in almost x-shape—pairs of scapular warts, followed by three pairs of smaller oval to roundish black warts along posterior back; pair of very small warts on posterior part of snout, edges of back, flanks and upper surfaces of hind limbs with smaller round warts on granular skin; eyelids faintly granular without a spiny tubercle; ventral skin smooth.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E74A36F8FFFEFFF4FF1BB5DC7467FDBF" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFEFFF4FF1BB5DC7157FF6F" bold="true" box="[199,367,151,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Colour in life.</emphasis>
|
||
Overall coloration of dorsum light to dark bronze brown with numerous black spots scattered particularly along edges of dorsal warts; light vertebral line extending from dark inter-orbital band to almost vent; anterior canthal region black; a conspicuous broad black band extends from behind eye across tympanum region along flanks to groin; narrow area between this band and back light brown; narrow area from tympanum to groin and between the lateral band and belly light brown; dorsal parts of hind limbs brownish with one broad and 2–3 narrow black cross-bars on either thighs and lower legs; anterior legs light brown with very faint black markings; brown upper lip with black bars, two white spots below anterior and posterior edge of eye; lower mandible almost completely black with few minute white spots; posterior part of thighs with light longitudinal lines; throat with black blotches on dark grey background; pectoral region grey; belly white with larger and smaller black spots and blotches, posterior part of belly slightly lighter than anterior one; groin area, posterior-most part of belly and lower part of thighs yellowish orange with few black spots; antero-ventral part of thighs with black longitudinal line. Throat covered by disc like vocal sac skin, slightly extending to pectoral region; throat skin slightly granular without spines; dorsal part of first finger with light nuptial pad; femoral glands absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AFEF6573FFFEFFFBFF1BB7277233F85A" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="573" pageId="7" pageNumber="572" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="E74A36F8FFFEFFF4FF1BB72771C7FD77" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFEFFF4FF1BB72771E6FD5A" bold="true" box="[199,478,620,645]" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Colour in preservation</emphasis>
|
||
: Pattern as in life but faded; black may turn into darker brown; yellowish-orange colour turns into beige or white.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E74A36F8FFFEFFF4FF1BB7FF7136FB1A" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFEFFF4FF1BB7FF719FFD12" bold="true" box="[199,423,692,717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">
|
||
<typeStatus id="384E885AFFFEFFF4FF1BB7FF710CFD12" box="[199,308,692,717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="572" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
variation
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(measures in mm, summarized in Tab. 1; see
|
||
<figureCitation id="7FCE2A7DFFFEFFF4FC7FB7FF743EFD13" box="[931,1030,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1021,1043]" captionTargetBox="[240,1340,183,1007]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[240,1340,183,1007]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Ventral (A), dorsal (B), and dorsolateral (C–D) views of Phrynobatrachus afiabirago sp. nov. from the Atewa Range, Ghana (male holotype:A–C, UWBM 05925, and D: female paratype, UWBM 5924)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1156786/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Figs. 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="7FCE2A7DFFFEFFF4FBCDB7FF7419FD13" box="[1041,1057,692,716]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1981,2003]" captionTargetBox="[185,1402,1130,1954]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[181,1414,1117,1969]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Variations in ventral pattern among males (A; from left to right UWBM 9044, 9045 and 9043) and females (B; from left to right UWBM 9042, 9041 and 5924) of Phrynobatrachus afiabiragosp. nov." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1156788/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body shape and dimensions and colouration, mostly as in
|
||
<typeStatus id="384E885AFFFEFFF4FE60B79C721AFD2F" box="[444,546,727,752]" pageId="7" pageNumber="572" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
; male snout-vent length ranges from 17.2–20.3, females from
|
||
<quantity id="200D9B1DFFFEFFF4FB2CB79375A0FD30" box="[1264,1432,728,752]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.26" metricValueMax="2.34" metricValueMin="2.18" pageId="7" pageNumber="572" unit="mm" value="22.6" valueMax="23.4" valueMin="21.8">21.8–23.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
; canthal region with or without black line; back colour varies from bronze brown to greyish brown, median yellowish to orange vertebral line always present, broadest at mid of back, edges often indistinctly delimitated; two to three black, broad cross bars on thighs and lower legs; anterior part of thighs often with clear longitudinal band; narrow to broader yellowish line turning down from dorsal hind leg insertion to middle of posterior part of thighs, from there as longitudinal line with dark borders to knee, rarely interrupted; male throats range from entirely black to densely covered with black blotches on dark grey ground, tip sometimes with clear spot, sometimes longitudinal folds parallel to lower mandible; female throats smooth, from almost dark brown to black within irregular white median line and few white spots to very light with several dark blotches; dark lower lips of females partly interrupted by clearer spots; pectoral region, belly and lower side of hind legs from densely best with larger or smaller dark brown to black botches to almost white with few dark spots; some individuals with a fine light longitudinal line on posterior part of thighs and from mid lower leg to heel; females with slightly more expanded finger tips, compared to males; webbing may vary slightly, web between toe 4 and 5 often extending along 1.5 to 2 phalanges.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="B38A6670FFFEFFF4FF4BB238754BF819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1156792/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="572" targetBox="[323,1262,1290,1873]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="E74A36F8FFFEFFF4FF4BB238754BF819" blockId="7.[151,1437,1907,1991]" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFEFFF4FF4BB238712DF856" bold="true" box="[151,277,1907,1929]" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Phylogenetic relationship of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFEFFF4FD9BB2387352F856" authority="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel, 2018" authorityName="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel" authorityYear="2018" box="[583,874,1907,1929]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="572" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afiabirago" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFEFFF4FD9BB2387352F856" box="[583,874,1907,1929]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">Phrynobatrachus afiabirago</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEB25791FFFEFFF4FCAFB23F73FDF856" box="[883,965,1908,1929]" pageId="7" pageNumber="572" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFEFFF4FCAFB23F73FDF856" bold="true" box="[883,965,1908,1929]" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
with its closest congeners, based on mtDNA (520 bp fragment of the 16S gene; ML tree); nodes supported by bootstrap values? 50% are indicated; in parentheses: collection or field number/GenBank accession number. The out-group species used to root the tree,
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFFEFFF4FB54B2F974DDF819" box="[1160,1253,1968,1991]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="572">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFFEFFF4FB54B2F974D9F819" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[1160,1249,1968,1991]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="572" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispar">P. dispar</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is not shown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="E74A36F8FFF1FFFBFF1BB5D3729FFEC2" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,752]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">In ZMB 73708 (male) and ZMB 73709 (female) from Jukwa, in life the yellowish-orange colouration of groin and ventral thighs was replaced by lemon green; posterior surfaces of thighs with lemon-green longitudinal bands; ventral spots on belly restricted to edges leaving 90% of belly clear white; in preservation colouration much faded, specimens partly shrunken due to preservation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E74A36F8FFF1FFFBFF1BB46C7106FDBF" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,752]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF1FFFBFF1BB46C710DFE9F" bold="true" box="[199,309,295,320]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Genetics.</emphasis>
|
||
The 16S alignment contained 538 bp and 111 variable sites (75 parsimony-informative). There is 100% bootstrap support for the monophyly of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF1FFFBFD7CB4067309FEBB" authority="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel, 2018" authorityName="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel" authorityYear="2018" box="[672,817,332,356]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afiabirago" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF1FFFBFD7CB4067309FEBB" box="[672,817,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">P. afiabirago</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEB25791FFF1FFFBFCE5B40773AAFEBA" box="[825,914,332,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF1FFFBFCE5B40773AAFEBA" bold="true" box="[825,914,332,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="7FCE2A7DFFF1FFFBFC7EB40773DEFEBA" box="[930,998,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1907,1929]" captionTargetBox="[323,1262,1290,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[323,1264,1287,1876]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Phylogenetic relationship of Phrynobatrachus afiabirago sp. nov. with its closest congeners, based on mtDNA (520 bp fragment of the 16S gene; ML tree); nodes supported by bootstrap values? 50% are indicated; in parentheses: collection or field number/GenBank accession number.The out-group species used to root the tree, P.dispar, is not shown." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1156792/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF1FFFBFC20B4077503FEBB" authority="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel, 2018" authorityName="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel" authorityYear="2018" box="[1020,1339,332,356]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afiabirago" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF1FFFBFC20B4077503FEBB" box="[1020,1339,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Phrynobatrachus afiabirago</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEB25791FFF1FFFBFA9EB40775A4FEBA" box="[1346,1436,332,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF1FFFBFA9EB40775A4FEBA" bold="true" box="[1346,1436,332,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
together with two undescribed taxa,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF1FFFBFDEDB43A72C8FE57" baseAuthorityName="Chabanaud" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[561,752,367,392]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gutturosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF1FFFBFDEDB43A727FFE57" box="[561,583,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">P.</emphasis>
|
||
aff.
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF1FFFBFDA7B43A72C8FE57" box="[635,752,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">gutturosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(bootstrap = 84% and 83%), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF1FFFBFBB2B43A751BFE57" authorityName="Guibe & Lamotte" authorityYear="1958" box="[1134,1315,368,392]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculiventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF1FFFBFBB2B43A751BFE57" box="[1134,1315,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">P. maculiventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(bootstrap = 100%) formed a highly supported clade (bootstrap = 96%). The genetic diversity within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF1FFFBFB78B4DE7500FE73" authority="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel, 2018" authorityName="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel" authorityYear="2018" box="[1188,1336,404,428]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afiabirago" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF1FFFBFB78B4DE7500FE73" box="[1188,1336,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">P. afiabirago</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEB25791FFF1FFFBFA9DB4DF75A4FE72" box="[1345,1436,404,429]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF1FFFBFA9DB4DF75A4FE72" bold="true" box="[1345,1436,404,429]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
samples was low (average pairwise distance = 0.0016; F81 substitution model). The alignment for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF1FFFBFB3FB4F2754CFE0F" authority="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel, 2018" authorityName="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel" authorityYear="2018" box="[1251,1396,440,464]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afiabirago" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF1FFFBFB3FB4F2754CFE0F" box="[1251,1396,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">P. afiabirago</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEB25791FFF1FFFBFAA6B4FC70F0FE2A" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF1FFFBFAA6B4FC70F0FE2A" bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
comprised 533 bp with 3 variable sites (1 parsimony-informative). We found four unique haplotypes among the nine samples, but there was no geographic structure in the distribution of these haplotypes. For example, ZMB 73708 from Jukwa in western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9FE27668FFF1FFFBFE32B76F720FFDE2" box="[494,567,548,573]" name="Ghana" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Ghana</collectingCountry>
|
||
shared the same haplotype as UWBM 9043 from the Atewa Range in southeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9FE27668FFF1FFFBFF31B70C7102FDBF" box="[237,314,583,608]" name="Ghana" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Ghana</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E74A36F8FFF1FFFBFF1BB72671D9FD30" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,752]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">
|
||
We finally compared the 16S sequence of the new species to all 20 West African
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF1FFFBFB85B7277523FD5B" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1862" box="[1113,1307,620,644]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF1FFFBFB85B7277523FD5B" box="[1113,1307,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Phrynobatrachus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species for which genetic data have been published (
|
||
<tableCitation id="AA770343FFF1FFFBFDB4B7C47287FD77" box="[616,703,655,680]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,239,332,355]" captionText="TABLE 2. Genetic similarity of Phrynobatrachus afiabirago sp. nov. with 20 other West African Phrynobatrachus species, based on mtDNA (520 bp fragment of the 16S gene)." pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
, average pairwise distance: mean + sd = 13.03 + 3.65%, range = 5.00–18.63%). Concerning described taxa,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF1FFFBFDA7B7FE7317FD13" authorityName="Guibe & Lamotte" authorityYear="1958" box="[635,815,692,716]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculiventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF1FFFBFDA7B7FE7317FD13" box="[635,815,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">P. maculiventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(5.00% difference) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF1FFFBFBE3B7FE74E8FD13" baseAuthorityName="Chabanaud" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[1087,1232,692,716]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraterculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF1FFFBFBE3B7FE74E8FD13" box="[1087,1232,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">P. fraterculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(6.45%) were the genetically most similar taxa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="B38A6670FFF1FFFBFF4BB3447223F99B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1156794/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" targetBox="[535,1052,805,1530]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="E74A36F8FFF1FFFBFF4BB3447223F99B" blockId="8.[151,1436,1551,1604]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF1FFFBFF4BB344712BF9FB" bold="true" box="[151,275,1551,1573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitats of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF1FFFBFE4DB344728BF9FA" authority="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel, 2018" authorityName="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel" authorityYear="2018" box="[401,691,1551,1573]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afiabirago" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF1FFFBFE4DB344728BF9FA" box="[401,691,1551,1573]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Phrynobatrachus afiabirago</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEB25791FFF1FFFBFD66B35B7333F9FA" box="[698,779,1552,1573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF1FFFBFD66B35B7333F9FA" bold="true" box="[698,779,1552,1573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
from the Atewa Range (type locality, site 1 = A; and site 2 = B; compare Fig. 1), south-eastern Ghana.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="E74A36F8FFF1FFFBFF1BB33A7233F85A" blockId="8.[151,1436,1649,2034]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF1FFFBFF1BB33A7236F955" bold="true" box="[199,526,1649,1674]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Habitat and natural history</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF1FFFBFDC0B33A7364F956" authority="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel, 2018" authorityName="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel" authorityYear="2018" box="[540,860,1649,1673]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afiabirago" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF1FFFBFDC0B33A7364F956" box="[540,860,1649,1673]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Phrynobatrachus afiabirago</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEB25791FFF1FFFBFCBFB33A7384F955" box="[867,956,1649,1674]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF1FFFBFCBFB33A7384F955" bold="true" box="[867,956,1649,1674]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
always occurred around large forest ponds and forest swamps (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7FCE2A7DFFF1FFFBFEA6B3DF71F8F972" box="[378,448,1684,1709]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1551,1573]" captionTargetBox="[535,1052,805,1530]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[535,1052,805,1530]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Habitats of Phrynobatrachus afiabirago sp. nov. from the Atewa Range (type locality, site 1 = A; and site 2 = B; compare Fig.1), south-eastern Ghana." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1156794/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). The frogs were usually collected from around the stilt-like root system of trees along the bank of swamps, including palms. The altitudinal range of the species extended from
|
||
<quantity id="200D9B1DFFF1FFFBFB7AB3F27510F90E" box="[1190,1320,1721,1745]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" unit="m" value="550.0" valueMax="800.0" valueMin="300.0">300–800 m</quantity>
|
||
asl in the Atewa Range, but they occurred as low as
|
||
<quantity id="200D9B1DFFF1FFFBFDA1B39672C5F92A" box="[637,765,1757,1782]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.925" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.35" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" unit="m" value="192.5" valueMax="250.0" valueMin="135.0">135–250 m</quantity>
|
||
in the south-western Jukwa forest. The Atewa Range,
|
||
<typeStatus id="384E885AFFF1FFFBFAB0B39575A4F929" box="[1388,1436,1758,1782]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality, is located in south-eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9FE27668FFF1FFFBFDF8B24A7248F8C5" box="[548,624,1793,1818]" name="Ghana" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Ghana</collectingCountry>
|
||
, west of Lake
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2531F81AFFF1FFFBFCC9B24A7368F8C5" box="[789,848,1793,1818]" country="Ghana" name="Volta" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Volta</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2531F81AFFF1FFFBFC82B24A7428F8C5" box="[862,1040,1793,1818]" country="Ghana" name="Eastern" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2531F81AFFF1FFFBFC82B24A738CF8C6" box="[862,948,1793,1817]" country="Sierra Leone" name="Eastern" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Eastern</collectingRegion>
|
||
Region
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
, see
|
||
<figureCitation id="7FCE2A7DFFF1FFFBFB9AB24A74BFF8C6" box="[1094,1159,1793,1818]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1446,1468]" captionTargetBox="[195,1425,518,1394]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[150,1436,503,1408]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Distribution of Phrynobatrachus afiabirago sp. nov. in Ghana. The type locality is indicated by a circle, square and diamond mark localities where other individuals of the type series were collected; position of Ghana within West Africa (upper left) and the area within Ghana (lower left) where the new species occurs (right)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1156784/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). It is one of the highest upland forests in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9FE27668FFF1FFFBFE8BB26E719BF8E1" box="[343,419,1829,1854]" name="Ghana" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Ghana</collectingCountry>
|
||
, characterized by an interconnecting series of hills that runs from north to south (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="83644B09FFF1FFFBFAF0B26E7136F8BE" author="Swaine" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" refString="Swaine, M. D. & Hall, J. B. (1977) Ecology and conservation of upland forests in Ghana. In: Laryea, A. M. (Ed.), Proceedings of Ghana SCOPE's Conference on Environment and Development in West Africa. Ghana Academy of Arts & Sciences, UNESCO and Ghana Environmental Protection Council, Accra, pp. 151 - 158." type="book chapter" year="1977">Swaine & Hall 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This unique area comprises mountain forest like vegetation, not occurring anywhere else in West Africa (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="83644B09FFF1FFFBFF31B22671C7F85A" author="McCullough" box="[237,511,1901,1926]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" refString="McCullough, J., Alonso, L. E., Naskrecki, P., Wright, H. E. & Osei-Owusu, Y. (2007) A rapid biological assessment of the Atewa Range Forest Reserve, Eastern Ghana. RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment, 47, Conservation International, Washington D. C., 193 pp." type="book" year="2007">
|
||
McCullough
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF1FFFBFE5FB225718CF85A" box="[387,436,1901,1925]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AFEF6573FFF1FFFBFF1BB2DA754AF82D" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="E74A36F8FFF1FFFBFF1BB2DA754AF82D" blockId="8.[151,1436,1649,2034]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF1FFFBFF1BB2DA7158F875" bold="true" box="[199,352,1937,1962]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF1FFFBFEB4B2DA7291F876" authority="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel, 2018" authorityName="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel" authorityYear="2018" box="[360,681,1937,1961]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afiabirago" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF1FFFBFEB4B2DA7291F876" box="[360,681,1937,1961]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Phrynobatrachus afiabirago</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEB25791FFF1FFFBFD6EB2DA7335F875" box="[690,781,1937,1962]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF1FFFBFD6EB2DA7335F875" bold="true" box="[690,781,1937,1962]" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is so far known from only two localities in the Ghanaian forest zone; the Atewa Range in south-eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9FE27668FFF1FFFBFD7FB2FE72D4F811" box="[675,748,1973,1998]" name="Ghana" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Ghana</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the small (0.5 ha) Jukwa forest, situated near the Kakum National Park in south-western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9FE27668FFF1FFFBFE25B292727AF82D" box="[505,578,2009,2034]" name="Ghana" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Ghana</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="7FCE2A7DFFF1FFFBFD8EB29272ABF82E" box="[594,659,2009,2034]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1446,1468]" captionTargetBox="[195,1425,518,1394]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[150,1436,503,1408]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Distribution of Phrynobatrachus afiabirago sp. nov. in Ghana. The type locality is indicated by a circle, square and diamond mark localities where other individuals of the type series were collected; position of Ghana within West Africa (upper left) and the area within Ghana (lower left) where the new species occurs (right)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1156784/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="573">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). We assume that it will occur in other forests of the area as well.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AFEF6573FFF0FFFAFF1BB5DC7410FEC3" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="E74A36F8FFF0FFFAFF1BB5DC7410FEC3" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,285]" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF0FFFAFF1BB5DC7176FF6F" bold="true" box="[199,334,151,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific epithet honours Afia Birago, the mother of the first author for overcoming all odds as a widow, woman and a single parent to provide the highest level of education to all her eight children. Her tenacity and love for nature is a source of inspiration to the first author’s professional career. The specific epithet is treated as a noun in apposition. We suggest Afia Birago’s Puddle Frog as common name.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="B38A6670FFF0FFFAFF4BB4077310FE5B" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">
|
||
<paragraph id="E74A36F8FFF0FFFAFF4BB4077310FE5B" blockId="9.[151,1436,332,388]" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF0FFFAFF4BB4077134FEBC" bold="true" box="[151,268,332,355]" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Genetic similarity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF0FFFAFDDAB4077303FEBB" authority="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel, 2018" authorityName="Ofori-Boateng & Leaché & Obeng-Kankam & Kouamé & Hillers & Rödel" authorityYear="2018" box="[518,827,332,356]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afiabirago" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF0FFFAFDDAB4077303FEBB" box="[518,827,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">Phrynobatrachus afiabirago</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEB25791FFF0FFFAFC99B40773A6FEBC" box="[837,926,332,355]" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF0FFFAFC99B40773A6FEBC" bold="true" box="[837,926,332,355]" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
with 20 other West African
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF0FFFAFB3FB40775A4FEBB" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1862" box="[1251,1436,332,356]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF0FFFAFB3FB40775A4FEBB" box="[1251,1436,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">Phrynobatrachus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, based on mtDNA (520 bp fragment of the 16S gene).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="E74A36F8FFF0FFFAFF43B4EB7512FE2C" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">
|
||
<table id="95F5C458FFF0000CFF43B4EB75B1FE2C" box="[159,1417,416,499]" gridcols="3" gridrows="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">
|
||
<tr id="59C534BAFFF0000CFF43B4EB75B1FE69" box="[159,1417,416,438]" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">
|
||
<th id="1A145DC6FFF0000CFF43B4EB70D0FE69" box="[159,232,416,438]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">species</th>
|
||
<th id="1A145DC6FFF0000CFC1DB4EB75B1FE69" box="[961,1417,416,438]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">museum or field numbers / Genetic distance</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="59C534BAFFF0000CFF43B4F575B1FE0B" box="[159,1417,446,468]" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="1A145DC6FFF0000CFC1DB4F574B0FE0B" box="[961,1160,446,468]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">GenBank accession</td>
|
||
<td id="1A145DC6FFF0000CFB3DB4F575B1FE0B" box="[1249,1417,446,468]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">to the new</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="59C534BAFFF0000CFF43B49675B1FE2C" box="[159,1417,477,499]" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="1A145DC6FFF0000CFC1DB49674B0FE2C" box="[961,1160,477,499]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">numbers</td>
|
||
<td id="1A145DC6FFF0000CFB3DB49675B1FE2C" box="[1249,1417,477,499]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">species</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AFEF6573FFF0FFFAFF43B74D750CFAF1" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="E74A36F8FFF0FFFAFF43B74D750CFAF1" blockId="9.[159,1332,518,1326]" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF0FFFAFF43B74D722DFDC3" authority="Parker, 1936" authorityName="Parker" authorityYear="1936" box="[159,533,518,540]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alleni">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF0FFFAFF43B74D71B7FDC3" box="[159,399,518,540]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">Phrynobatrachus alleni</emphasis>
|
||
Parker, 1936
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ZMB 73747 /
|
||
<accessionNumber id="F8A6AB1BFFF0FFFAFB8EB74D74FAFDC3" box="[1106,1218,518,540]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU457535" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">GU457535</accessionNumber>
|
||
0.15141
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF0FFFAFF43B77B7203FD99" authority="Perret, 1966" authorityName="Perret" authorityYear="1966" box="[159,571,560,582]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="annulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF0FFFAFF43B77B7181FD99" box="[159,441,560,582]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">Phrynobatrachus annulatus</emphasis>
|
||
Perret, 1966
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ZMB 73746 /
|
||
<accessionNumber id="F8A6AB1BFFF0FFFAFB8EB77B74FAFD99" box="[1106,1218,560,582]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU457538" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">GU457538</accessionNumber>
|
||
0.10581
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF0FFFAFF43B712726CFDB0" authority="(Peters, 1863)" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1863" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[159,596,601,623]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calcaratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF0FFFAFF43B71271F8FDB0" box="[159,448,601,623]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">Phrynobatrachus calcaratus</emphasis>
|
||
(Peters, 1863)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
MVZ 245140 /
|
||
<accessionNumber id="F8A6AB1BFFF0FFFAFBBCB71274F5FDB0" box="[1120,1229,601,623]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/EU075282" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">EU075282</accessionNumber>
|
||
0.10177
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF0FFFAFF43B7C97212FD47" authority="(Peters, 1870)" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1870" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[159,554,642,664]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dispar">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF0FFFAFF43B7C971AEFD47" box="[159,406,642,664]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">Phrynobatrachus dispar</emphasis>
|
||
(Peters, 1870)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
CAS 219386 /
|
||
<accessionNumber id="F8A6AB1BFFF0FFFAFB85B7C974FEFD47" box="[1113,1222,642,664]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/EU075278" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">EU075278</accessionNumber>
|
||
0.08685
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF0FFFAFF43B7E77264FD1D" authority="Boulenger, 1912" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1912" box="[159,604,684,706]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="francisci">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF0FFFAFF43B7E77196FD1D" box="[159,430,684,706]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">Phrynobatrachus francisci</emphasis>
|
||
Boulenger, 1912
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
MVZ 249545 /
|
||
<accessionNumber id="F8A6AB1BFFF0FFFAFBBCB7E774E8FD1D" box="[1120,1232,684,706]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU457548" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">GU457548</accessionNumber>
|
||
0.14781
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF0FFFAFF43B79E72B3FD34" authority="(Chabanaud, 1921)" authorityName="Chabanaud" authorityYear="1921" baseAuthorityName="Chabanaud" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[159,651,725,747]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraterculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF0FFFAFF43B79E71FBFD34" box="[159,451,725,747]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">Phrynobatrachus fraterculus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="83644B09FFF0FFFAFE0CB79E72BCFD34" author="Chabanaud" box="[464,644,725,747]" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" refString="Chabanaud, P. (1921) Contributions a l'etude de la faune herpetologique de l'Afrique Occidentale. II. Deuxieme note. Bulletin du Comite d'Etudes Historiques et Scientifiques de l'Afrique Occidentale Francaise, 1921, 445 - 472." type="journal article" year="1921">Chabanaud, 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ZMB 73761 /
|
||
<accessionNumber id="F8A6AB1BFFF0FFFAFB8EB79E74FAFD34" box="[1106,1218,725,747]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU457551" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">GU457551</accessionNumber>
|
||
0.06405
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF0FFFAFF43B7B57274FCCB" authority="Schiotz, 1964" authorityName="Schiotz" authorityYear="1964" box="[159,588,766,788]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ghanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF0FFFAFF43B7B57182FCCB" box="[159,442,766,788]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">Phrynobatrachus ghanensis</emphasis>
|
||
Schiøtz, 1964
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ZMB 70721 /
|
||
<accessionNumber id="F8A6AB1BFFF0FFFAFB8EB7B574FAFCCB" box="[1106,1218,766,788]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU457553" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">GU457553</accessionNumber>
|
||
0.16203
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF0FFFAFF43B6637280FCE1" authority="Guibe & Lamotte, 1962" authorityName="Guibe & Lamotte" authorityYear="1962" box="[159,696,808,830]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guineensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF0FFFAFF43B66371F8FCE1" box="[159,448,808,830]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">Phrynobatrachus guineensis</emphasis>
|
||
Guibé & Lamotte, 1962
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
MOR T13 /
|
||
<accessionNumber id="F8A6AB1BFFF0FFFAFBE2B6637496FCE1" box="[1086,1198,808,830]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU457555" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">GU457555</accessionNumber>
|
||
0.15837
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF0FFFAFF43B61A72BFFCB8" authority="(Chabanaud, 1921)" authorityName="Chabanaud" authorityYear="1921" baseAuthorityName="Chabanaud" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[159,647,849,871]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gutturosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF0FFFAFF43B61A7187FCB8" box="[159,447,849,871]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">Phrynobatrachus gutturosus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="83644B09FFF0FFFAFE10B61A72B8FCB8" author="Chabanaud" box="[460,640,849,871]" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" refString="Chabanaud, P. (1921) Contributions a l'etude de la faune herpetologique de l'Afrique Occidentale. II. Deuxieme note. Bulletin du Comite d'Etudes Historiques et Scientifiques de l'Afrique Occidentale Francaise, 1921, 445 - 472." type="journal article" year="1921">Chabanaud, 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
MOR C11 /
|
||
<accessionNumber id="F8A6AB1BFFF0FFFAFBE2B61A7497FCB8" box="[1086,1199,849,871]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU457556" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">GU457556</accessionNumber>
|
||
0.11696
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF0FFFAFF43B6317350FC4F" authority="Rodel, Boateng, Penner & Hillers, 2009" authorityName="Rodel, Boateng, Penner & Hillers" authorityYear="2009" box="[159,872,890,912]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedius">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF0FFFAFF43B63171F5FC4F" box="[159,461,890,912]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">Phrynobatrachus intermedius</emphasis>
|
||
Rödel, Boateng,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="83644B09FFF0FFFAFDA1B6307350FC4F" author="Penner" box="[637,872,890,912]" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" refString="Rodel, M. - O., Ofori-Boateng, C., Penner, J. & Hillers, A. (2009 a) A new cryptic Phrynobatrachus species (Amphibia: Anura: Phrynobatrachidae) from Ghana, West Africa. Zootaxa, 1970 (1), 52 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1970.1.2" type="journal article" year="2009">Penner & Hillers, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ZMB 71539 /
|
||
<accessionNumber id="F8A6AB1BFFF0FFFAFB8DB63174FAFC4F" box="[1105,1218,890,912]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU457557" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">GU457557</accessionNumber>
|
||
0.14615
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF0FFFAFF43B6EF722EFC65" authority="Ahl, 1924" authorityName="Ahl" authorityYear="1924" box="[159,534,932,954]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF0FFFAFF43B6EF7192FC65" box="[159,426,932,954]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">Phrynobatrachus latifrons</emphasis>
|
||
Ahl, 1924
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ZMB 73753 /
|
||
<accessionNumber id="F8A6AB1BFFF0FFFAFB8EB6EF74FAFC65" box="[1106,1218,932,954]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU457559" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">GU457559</accessionNumber>
|
||
0.18633
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF0FFFAFF43B68672E7FC3C" authority="Barbour & Loveridge, 1927" authorityName="Barbour & Loveridge" authorityYear="1927" box="[159,735,973,995]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="liberiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF0FFFAFF43B6867187FC3C" box="[159,447,973,995]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">Phrynobatrachus liberiensis</emphasis>
|
||
Barbour & Loveridge, 1927
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ZMB 73768 /
|
||
<accessionNumber id="F8A6AB1BFFF0FFFAFB8DB68674FBFC3C" box="[1105,1219,973,995]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU457562" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">GU457562</accessionNumber>
|
||
0.15001
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF0FFFAFF43B6BD72EFFBD3" authority="Guibe & Lamotte, 1958" authorityName="Guibe & Lamotte" authorityYear="1958" box="[159,727,1014,1036]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculiventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF0FFFAFF43B6BD71E7FBD3" box="[159,479,1014,1036]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">Phrynobatrachus maculiventris</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="83644B09FFF0FFFAFE39B6BD72EFFBD3" author="Guibe" box="[485,727,1014,1036]" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" refString="Guibe, J. & Lamotte, M. (1958) Une espece nouvelle de batracien du Mont Nimba (Guinee Francaise) appartenant au genre Phrynobatrachus: Ph. maculiventris n. sp. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 2 e Ser., 30, 255 - 257." type="journal article" year="1958">Guibé & Lamotte, 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ZMB 71592 /
|
||
<accessionNumber id="F8A6AB1BFFF0FFFAFB8EB6BD74FAFBD3" box="[1106,1218,1014,1036]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU457563" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">GU457563</accessionNumber>
|
||
0.05002
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF0FFFAFF43B16B7276FBE9" authority="(Smith, 1849)" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1849" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[159,590,1056,1078]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="natalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF0FFFAFF43B16B7184FBE9" box="[159,444,1056,1078]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">Phrynobatrachus natalensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Smith, 1849)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ZMB 73717 /
|
||
<accessionNumber id="F8A6AB1BFFF0FFFAFB8EB16B74FBFBE9" box="[1106,1219,1056,1078]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU457566" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">GU457566</accessionNumber>
|
||
0.16584
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF0FFFAFF43B1027292FB80" authority="Rodel & Ernst, 2002" authorityName="Rodel & Ernst" authorityYear="2002" box="[159,682,1097,1119]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phyllophilus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF0FFFAFF43B10271EAFB80" box="[159,466,1097,1119]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">Phrynobatrachus phyllophilus</emphasis>
|
||
Rödel & Ernst, 2002
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ZMB 73763 /
|
||
<accessionNumber id="F8A6AB1BFFF0FFFAFB8EB10274FBFB80" box="[1106,1219,1097,1119]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU457570" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">GU457570</accessionNumber>
|
||
0.15328
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF0FFFAFF43B13972E9FB57" authority="Hillers, Zimkus & Rodel, 2008" authorityName="Hillers, Zimkus & Rodel" authorityYear="2008" box="[159,721,1138,1160]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pintoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF0FFFAFF43B13971A8FB57" box="[159,400,1138,1160]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">Phrynobatrachus pintoi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="83644B09FFF0FFFAFE4AB13972E9FB57" author="Hillers" box="[406,721,1138,1160]" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" refString="Hillers, A., Zimkus, B. & Rodel, M. - O. (2008) A new Phrynobatrachus (Amphibia: Anura: Phrynobatrachidae) from northwestern Guinea, West Africa. Zootaxa, 1815, 43 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1815.1.4" type="journal article" year="2008">Hillers, Zimkus & Rödel, 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ZMB 76883 /
|
||
<accessionNumber id="F8A6AB1BFFF0FFFAFB8EB1397482FB57" box="[1106,1210,1138,1160]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JN813916" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">JN813916</accessionNumber>
|
||
0.09848
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF0FFFAFF43B1D77275FB6D" authority="(Gunther, 1858)" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1858" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[159,589,1180,1202]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plicatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF0FFFAFF43B1D7719DFB6D" box="[159,421,1180,1202]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">Phrynobatrachus plicatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Günther, 1858)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ZMB 73742 /
|
||
<accessionNumber id="F8A6AB1BFFF0FFFAFB8EB1D774FAFB6D" box="[1106,1218,1180,1202]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU457575" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">GU457575</accessionNumber>
|
||
0.15683
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF0FFFAFF43B18E738AFB04" authority="Rodel, Onadeko, Barej & Sandberger, 2012" authorityName="Rodel, Onadeko, Barej & Sandberger" authorityYear="2012" box="[159,946,1221,1243]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rainerguentheri">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF0FFFAFF43B18E71CBFB04" box="[159,499,1221,1243]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">Phrynobatrachus rainerguentheri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="83644B09FFF0FFFAFE26B18E738AFB04" author="Rodel" box="[506,946,1221,1243]" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" refString="Rodel, M. - O., Onadeko, A. B., Barej, M. F. & Sandberger, L. (2012 b) A new polymorphic Phrynobatrachus (Amphibia: Anura: Phrynobatrachidae) from western Nigeria. Zootaxa, 3328 (1), 55 - 65. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3328.1.5" type="journal article" year="2012">Rödel, Onadeko, Barej & Sandberger, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ZMB 77742 /
|
||
<accessionNumber id="F8A6AB1BFFF0FFFAFB8DB18E7482FB04" box="[1105,1210,1221,1243]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JQ954865" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">JQ954865</accessionNumber>
|
||
0.15515
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF0FFFAFF43B1A5726DFADB" authority="(Chabanaud, 1921)" authorityName="Chabanaud" authorityYear="1921" baseAuthorityName="Chabanaud" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[159,597,1262,1284]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tokba">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF0FFFAFF43B1A571B5FADB" box="[159,397,1262,1284]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">Phrynobatrachus tokba</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="83644B09FFF0FFFAFE46B1A57276FADB" author="Chabanaud" box="[410,590,1262,1284]" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" refString="Chabanaud, P. (1921) Contributions a l'etude de la faune herpetologique de l'Afrique Occidentale. II. Deuxieme note. Bulletin du Comite d'Etudes Historiques et Scientifiques de l'Afrique Occidentale Francaise, 1921, 445 - 472." type="journal article" year="1921">Chabanaud, 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ZMB 73774 /
|
||
<accessionNumber id="F8A6AB1BFFF0FFFAFB8EB1A574FAFADB" box="[1106,1218,1262,1284]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU457585" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">GU457585</accessionNumber>
|
||
0.14155
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20F54D7BFFF0FFFAFF43B053721EFAF1" authority="Guibe, 1959" authorityName="Guibe" authorityYear="1959" box="[159,550,1304,1326]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="574" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="villiersi">
|
||
<emphasis id="D581EAEAFFF0FFFAFF43B053719AFAF1" box="[159,418,1304,1326]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">Phrynobatrachus villiersi</emphasis>
|
||
Guibé, 1959
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ZMB 73740 /
|
||
<accessionNumber id="F8A6AB1BFFF0FFFAFB8EB05374FAFAF1" box="[1106,1218,1304,1326]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU457589" pageId="9" pageNumber="574">GU457589</accessionNumber>
|
||
0.10777
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |