206 lines
24 KiB
XML
206 lines
24 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="977C7415A618109FAAB42A6F9B710389">Vespertilionidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1D4462F7703A94B2CE1CA95AE7EF45A1">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="49C7FC68F3ED4AA910EB2E4D00C02D82">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="6317CE801DAAC5CEA58C0550EB6D8F1F">2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="A26D593DA9FA1B4EF6DF55D859C21344">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="0D1DFFDF3AAB08545C698D97F13E5AC5">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:title id="0146C7E2C4C0947B6DBEC3D626EF3DF2">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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<treatment id="4C3D87E8FF826A3EFA859F761F50BFA3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6403649" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195628040" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6403649" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C3D87E8FF826A3EFA859F761F50BFA3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C3D87E8FF826A3EFA859F761F50BFA3" lastPageId="122" lastPageNumber="880" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">
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<heading id="9F638192FF826A3DFA859F761BCAB26B" box="[1401,1482,2351,2393]" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">
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<figureCitation id="5CAF2A7BFF826A3DFA859F761BCAB26B" box="[1401,1482,2351,2393]" captionStart="Plate 65: Vespertilionidae" captionStartId="117.[124,154,3323,3348]" captionTargetBox="[11,2761,18,3657]" captionTargetPageId="116" captionText="249. Spotted Bat (Euderma maculatum), 250. Big Red Bat (Lasiurus egregius), 251. Southern Hoary Bat (Lasiurus villosissimus), 252. Northern Hoary Bat (Lasiurus cinereus), 253. Hawaiian Hoary Bat (Lasiurus semotus), 254. Eastern Red Bat (Lasiurus borealis), 255. Pleiffer's Red Bat (Lasiurus pfeifferi), 256. Seminole Bat (Lasiurus seminolus), 257. Greater Red Bat (Lasiurus atratus), 258. Southern Red Bat (Lasiurus blossevilii), 259. Desert Red Bat (Lasiurus frantzii), 260. Cinnamon Red Bat (Lasiurus varius), 261. Minor Red Bat (Lasiurus minor), 262. Tacarcunan Bat (Lasiurus castaneus), 263. Hairy-tailed Bat (Lasiurus ebenus), 264. Jamaican Red Bat (Lasiurus degelidus), 265. Western Yellow Bat (Lasiurus xanthinus), 266. Northern Yellow Bat (Lasiurus intermedius), 267. Cuban Yellow Bat (Lasiurus insularis), 268. Southern Yellow Bat (Lasiurus ega)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398536/files/figure.png" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">261.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF826A3DFA209F761911B26B" box="[1500,1809,2351,2393]" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF826A3DFA209F761911B26B" blockId="121.[1399,2339,2351,2436]" box="[1500,1809,2351,2393]" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">
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<heading id="9F638192FF826A3DFA209F761911B26B" box="[1500,1809,2351,2393]" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF826A3DFA209F761911B26B" authorityName="G. S. Miller" authorityYear="1931" box="[1500,1809,2351,2393]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Lasiurus" kingdom="Plantae" language="eng" order="Poales" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="minor">Minor Red Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF826A3DF8BF9F76166DB26B" box="[1859,2157,2351,2393]" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF826A3DF8BF9F76166DB26B" blockId="121.[1399,2339,2351,2436]" box="[1859,2157,2351,2393]" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">
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<heading id="9F638192FF826A3DF8BF9F76166DB26B" box="[1859,2157,2351,2393]" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF826A3DF8BF9F76166DB26B" ID-CoL="3SGVV" authorityName="G. S. Miller" authorityYear="1931" box="[1859,2157,2351,2393]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Lasiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minor">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF826A3DF8BF9F76166DB26B" box="[1859,2157,2351,2393]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">Lasiurus minor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF826A3DFA849F331722B24D" box="[1400,2338,2410,2431]" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF826A3DFA849F331722B24D" blockId="121.[1399,2339,2351,2436]" box="[1400,2338,2410,2431]" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">
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<heading id="9F638192FF826A3DFA849F331722B24D" box="[1400,2338,2410,2431]" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF826A3DFA849F331BC3B24D" bold="true" box="[1400,1475,2410,2431]" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF826A3DFA319F33185AB24D" authorityName="G. S. Miller" authorityYear="1931" box="[1485,1626,2410,2431]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Lasiurus" kingdom="Plantae" language="fra" order="Poales" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="minor">Lasiure d'Haiti</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF826A3DF9939F3318CAB24D" bold="true" box="[1647,1738,2410,2431]" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF826A3DF9289F33160CB24D" authorityName="G. S. Miller" authorityYear="1931" box="[1748,2060,2410,2431]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Lasiurus" kingdom="Plantae" language="deu" order="Poales" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="minor">Kleine Haarschwanzfledermaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF826A3DF7DD9F33167DB24D" bold="true" box="[2081,2173,2410,2431]" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF826A3DF77B9F331722B24D" authorityName="G. S. Miller" authorityYear="1931" box="[2183,2338,2410,2431]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Lasiurus" kingdom="Plantae" language="esp" order="Poales" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="minor">
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF826A3DF77B9F3316CEB24D" authorityName="G. S. Miller" authorityYear="1931" box="[2183,2254,2410,2431]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Lasiurus" kingdom="Plantae" language="esp" order="Poales" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="minor">Lasiuro</vernacularName>
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de
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF826A3DF70A9F331722B24D" box="[2294,2338,2410,2431]" name="Haiti" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">Haiti</collectingCountry>
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</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF826A3DF8209FEC1625B2C7" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF826A3DF8209FEC1625B2C7" blockId="121.[2012,2608,2485,2904]" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF826A3DF8209FEC1677B2FC" bold="true" box="[2012,2167,2485,2510]" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF826A3DF7729FEC1621B2C7" authority="G. S. Miller, 1931" authorityName="G. S. Miller" authorityYear="1931" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Lasiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minor">Lasiurus minor G. S. Miller, 1931</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF826A3DF7C69F85167CB15E" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF826A3DF7C69F85167CB15E" blockId="121.[2012,2608,2485,2904]" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">
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<materialsCitation id="74FC3CA3FF826A3DF7C69F85167CB15E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3783319621" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">
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* Voute IEglise,’ a cave situated near the Jacmel Road a few kilometers north of Trouin,
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF826A3DF7289C72171BB176" box="[2260,2331,2603,2628]" name="Haiti" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">Haiti</collectingCountry>
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. Alatude
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<quantity id="036C9B1BFF826A3DF6519C72142CB176" box="[2477,2604,2603,2628]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1148" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" unit="ft" value="1350.0">1350 feet</quantity>
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[=
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<quantity id="036C9B1BFF826A3DF8009C12165EB15E" box="[2044,2142,2635,2668]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.11" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" unit="m" value="411.0">411 m</quantity>
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].”
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF826A3DF8219C2F19BFB095" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF826A3DF8219C2F19BFB095" blockId="121.[2012,2608,2485,2904]" lastBlockId="121.[1399,2607,2919,3456]" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF826A3DF8219C2F160CB1A1" box="[2013,2060,2678,2707]" country="South Sudan" name="Lakes" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">See</collectingRegion>
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF826A3DF7E29C2F16ADB1A1" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[2078,2221,2678,2707]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Lasiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="egregius">L. egregius</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF826A3DF7389C2F1793B1A1" authorityName="G. S. Miller" authorityYear="1931" box="[2244,2451,2678,2707]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Lasiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minor">Lasiurus minor</taxonomicName>
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was previously considered a subspecies of
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF826A3DF6509CC7142EB189" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[2476,2606,2718,2747]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Lasiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">L. borealis</taxonomicName>
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based on morphology. Later, it was considered a distinct species based on elec trophoretic data. Nevertheless, status of
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF826A3DF8229D661654B06A" authorityName="G. S. Miller" authorityYear="1931" box="[2014,2132,2879,2904]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Lasiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minor">L. minor</taxonomicName>
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1s still uncertain, and additional studies could show it as conspecific with
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF826A3DF8579D3E164BB0B2" baseAuthorityName="Rhoads" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[1963,2123,2919,2944]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Lasiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="seminolus">L. seminolus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF826A3DF7A69D3E16DBB0B2" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[2138,2267,2919,2944]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Lasiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">L. borealis</taxonomicName>
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||
, or
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF826A3DF6ED9D3E17ADB0B2" baseAuthorityName="Lesson & Garnot" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[2321,2477,2919,2944]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Lasiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blossevilii">L. blossevilii</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF826A3DF6409D3E142FB0B2" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1831" box="[2492,2607,2919,2944]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Lasiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lasiurus</taxonomicName>
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minors in the Red Bat group. Monotypic.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF826A3DFA8B9DF716E4B0FD" box="[1399,2276,2990,3023]" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" type="distribution">
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<caption id="90EB6676FF826A3DFA8B9DF716E4B0FD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398364" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6398364" box="[1399,2276,2990,3023]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398364/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" targetBox="[1397,1988,2487,2902]" targetPageId="121">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF826A3DFA8B9DF716E4B0FD" blockId="121.[1399,2607,2919,3456]" box="[1399,2276,2990,3023]" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF826A3DFA8B9DF71827B0FD" bold="true" box="[1399,1575,2990,3023]" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF826A3DF9CF9DF718B2B0FD" box="[1587,1714,2990,3023]" name="Bahamas" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF826A3DF93F9DF7191CB0FD" box="[1731,1820,2990,3023]" name="Turks and Caicos Islands" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">Caicos</collectingCountry>
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Is, Hispaniola, and
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF826A3DF7CB9DF716E0B0FD" box="[2103,2272,2990,3023]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</caption>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF826A3EFA8B9D8C1A6FBA67" lastPageId="122" lastPageNumber="880" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF826A3EFA8B9D8C1A6FBA67" blockId="121.[1399,2607,2919,3456]" lastBlockId="122.[174,1384,272,1172]" lastPageId="122" lastPageNumber="880" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF826A3DFA8B9D8C1874B0C4" bold="true" box="[1399,1652,3029,3062]" pageId="121" pageNumber="879">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head—body ¢.
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, tail
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF826A3DF7CC9D8C16C8B0C4" box="[2096,2248,3029,3062]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" metricValueMax="4.6" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" unit="mm" value="38.0" valueMax="46.0" valueMin="30.0">30-46 mm</quantity>
|
||
, ear
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF826A3DF6EA9D8C179DB0C4" box="[2326,2461,3029,3062]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" unit="mm" value="10.5" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="7.0">7-14 mm</quantity>
|
||
, hindfoot
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF826A3DFA849A591BEAB72F" box="[1400,1514,3072,3101]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="3.0">3-8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, forearm
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF826A3DF98F9A591906B72F" box="[1651,1798,3072,3101]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" unit="mm" value="40.0" valueMax="43.0" valueMin="37.0">37-43 mm</quantity>
|
||
; weight
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF826A3DF8869A5919D5B72F" box="[1914,2005,3072,3101]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="6.11" pageId="121" pageNumber="879" unit="g" value="611.0">611 g</quantity>
|
||
. Dorsal hairs are quadricolored, with black bases and white centers followed by yellow bands and red tips; frosting is not always present on longer hairs. Ventral fur is dark mahogany, with whitish wash. Ears are short and rounded. Skin on face, ears, propatagium, and plagiopatagium near forearm region is light reddish. Hindfoot and remaining membranes are black, with scattered small light punctuations. Uropatagium is completely furred dorsally. Hairs on face, head, neck, and throat are orange-red, becoming abruptly dark chestnut on posterior rump and hindlegs. Skull is small, short, and broad. Braincase is high, rounded, and flat-topped; palatal emargination is wider than deep; floor of braincase and palate are not parallel; and lacrimal ridge and tubercle are poorly developed. Dental formula is 11/3,C1/1,P2/2,M 3/3 (x2) = 32. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 28 and FN = 48, with submetacentric X-chromosome and minute Y-chromosome.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF816A3EFF5397021A9DBA4E" box="[175,1181,347,380]" pageId="122" pageNumber="880" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF816A3EFF5397021A9DBA4E" blockId="122.[174,1384,272,1172]" box="[175,1181,347,380]" pageId="122" pageNumber="880">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF816A3EFF5397021F1FBA4E" bold="true" box="[175,287,347,380]" pageId="122" pageNumber="880">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Woodland areas near water sources at elevations of
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF816A3EFBFD97021A99BA4E" box="[1025,1177,347,380]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="122" pageNumber="880" unit="m" value="275.0" valueMax="450.0" valueMin="100.0">100-450 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF816A3EFF5397DA1B19BAC0" pageId="122" pageNumber="880" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF816A3EFF5397DA1B19BAC0" blockId="122.[174,1384,272,1172]" pageId="122" pageNumber="880">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF816A3EFF5397DA1FB8BA96" bold="true" box="[175,440,387,420]" pageId="122" pageNumber="880">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Flight of the Minor Red Batis swift and direct but not highly maneuverable. Foraging occurs in open aréas, including treetops, woodland open areas, and along forest edges. Feces contained moths, winged termites, and flying ants.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF816A3EFF5397A01F60B973" pageId="122" pageNumber="880" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF816A3EFF5397A01F60B973" blockId="122.[174,1384,272,1172]" pageId="122" pageNumber="880">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF816A3EFF5397A01F36B928" bold="true" box="[175,310,505,538]" pageId="122" pageNumber="880">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF816A3EFE9197A01C17B928" box="[365,535,505,538]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="122" pageNumber="880">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, a lactating Minor Red Bat was caught in June. Litters have three young.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF816A3EFF5294111FB3B835" pageId="122" pageNumber="880" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF816A3EFF5294111FB3B835" blockId="122.[174,1384,272,1172]" pageId="122" pageNumber="880">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF816A3EFF5294111F9DB95B" bold="true" box="[174,413,584,617]" pageId="122" pageNumber="880">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
The Minor Red Bat emerges from roosts in the first two hours of night. It roosts among leaves; there are no records of roosts in tree hollows, buildings, or caves. Echolocation calls are c.6-4 milliseconds, with narrowband and single harmonic, and sweep from c.51 kHz to ¢.29 kHz. Predators include red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF816A3EFF4D95541B18B81C" box="[177,1304,781,814]" pageId="122" pageNumber="880" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF816A3EFF4D95541B18B81C" blockId="122.[174,1384,272,1172]" box="[177,1304,781,814]" pageId="122" pageNumber="880">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF816A3EFF4D95541D6DB81C" bold="true" box="[177,877,781,814]" pageId="122" pageNumber="880">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
The Minor Red Bat is solitary.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF816A3EFF4D956C1DC4B8C1" pageId="122" pageNumber="880" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF816A3EFF4D956C1DC4B8C1" blockId="122.[174,1384,272,1172]" pageId="122" pageNumber="880">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF816A3EFF4D956C1C15B864" bold="true" box="[177,533,821,854]" pageId="122" pageNumber="880">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. The Minor Red Bat has a small distribution and is considered rare. Population size has probably decreased by more than 30% in the last 18 years. Major threats include deforestation and decline in habitat quality associated with human population growth and severe weather (e.g. hurricanes). It is found in protected areas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF816A3EFF4E925B1F50BFA3" pageId="122" pageNumber="880" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF816A3EFF4E925B1F50BFA3" blockId="122.[174,1384,272,1172]" pageId="122" pageNumber="880">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF816A3EFF4E925B1F4BBF29" bold="true" box="[178,331,1026,1051]" pageId="122" pageNumber="880">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Allen & Sanborn (1937), Baird et al. (2015), Bickham (1987), Collen (2012), Koopman et al. (1957), Mikula et al. (2016), Miller (1931), Morales & Bickham (1995), Novaes, Garbino et al. (2018), Nunez-Novas et al. (2019), Rodriguez-Duran (2016b), Shump & Shump (1982a), Simmons (2005), Speer et al. (2015), Starrett & Rolle (1963).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |