276 lines
34 KiB
XML
276 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="43697F119FEBB2C2F4E51E6FD3A60524" ID-CLB-Dataset="56755" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6397752" ID-GBIF-Dataset="45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397752" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1648655544658" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="4C3D87E8FF2B6A94FF5296A61F61B0CE" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Myotis macropus" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="970" masterDocId="B004FF90FFFB6A44FFFC96591E00BB32" masterDocTitle="Vespertilionidae" masterLastPageNumber="981" masterPageNumber="716" pageNumber="970" updateTime="1718993610009" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:titleInfo id="622F8862F068AF4C3A32EE3014D0236E">
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<mods:title id="311DC9E468402868FAA4426415D4F1CA">Vespertilionidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:namePart id="55BF9D215E7388B7B59FA8427BCB7A14">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9122F3C4DAD098C1286E7C6CF5B4EDC7">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="51C585CD14D3D115ABC9851AEF32DB9E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="D86E473CA6CAFE0F2E8B4B4FBAB9C4F4">2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="733332DA2AFA3FAA8920036AB7CC6673" type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="FD6E3984D6965326B14A6EA37F34D56B">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="19FE2AF05C8B6341D3C0FA295E2A81E4">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="E06596A6A037AD0724CC7B0894A429E4">
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<mods:title id="925608974883BF20857E6C04DA2459AC">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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<mods:start id="011F932CC55B0DD1E0D0BF9DA37DFCE9">716</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="85E6CBBDD3FCB923DA72B1DD633D4B4C">981</mods:end>
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<mods:identifier id="AA9C12F5A83018B750F23F45725F1CC5" type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="4C3D87E8FF2B6A94FF5296A61F61B0CE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6577954" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195628190" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6577954" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C3D87E8FF2B6A94FF5296A61F61B0CE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C3D87E8FF2B6A94FF5296A61F61B0CE" lastPageNumber="970" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FF5296A61F01BA03" box="[174,257,255,305]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FF5296A61F01BA03" blockId="208.[172,1145,255,388]" box="[174,257,255,305]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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<heading id="9F638192FF2B6A94FF5296A61F01BA03" box="[174,257,255,305]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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<figureCitation id="5CAF2A7BFF2B6A94FF5296A61F01BA03" box="[174,257,255,305]" captionStart="Plate 73: Vespertilionidae" captionStartId="199.[131,161,3286,3311]" captionTargetBox="[12,2760,18,3659]" captionTargetPageId="198" captionText="449. Hairy-faced Myotis (Myotis annectans), 450. Frosted Myotis (Myotis pruinosus), 451. Yanbaru Whiskered Myotis (Myotis yanbarensis), 452. Long-toed Myotis (Myotis secundus), 453. Bornean Whiskered Myotis (Myotis borneoensis), 454. Malaysian Whiskered Myotis (Myotis federatus), 455. Indochinese Myotis (Myotis indochinensis), 456. Peyton’s Myotis (Myotis peytoni), 457. Burmese Whiskered Myotis (Myotis montivagus), 458. Long-fingered Myotis (Myotis capaccinii), 459. Chinese Water Myotis (Myotis laniger), 460. Csorba’s Myotis (Myotis csorbai), 461. Kashmir Cave Myotis (Myotis longipes), 462. Annamit Myotis (Myotis annamiticus), 463. Phan Luong’s Myotis (Myotis phanluongi), 464. Himalayan Whiskered Myotis (Myotis siligorensis), 465. Chestnut Myotis (Myotis badius), 466. Ridley’s Myotis (Myotis ridleyi), 467. Thick-thumbed Myotis (Myotis rosseti), 468. Horsfield’s Myotis (Myotis horsfieldii), 469. Pallid Large-footed Myotis (Myotis macrotarsus), 470. Stalker’s Myotis (Myotis stalkeri), 471. Gray Large-footed Myotis (Myotis adversus), 472. Maluku Myotis (Myotis moluccarum), 473. Southern Myotis (Myotis macropus), 474. Lesser Large-footed Myotis (Myotis hasseltii)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398948/files/figure.png" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">473.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FEEE96A61C6ABA03" box="[274,618,255,305]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FEEE96A61C6ABA03" blockId="208.[172,1145,255,388]" box="[274,618,255,305]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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||
<heading id="9F638192FF2B6A94FEEE96A61C6ABA03" box="[274,618,255,305]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
|
||
<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF2B6A94FEEE96A61C6ABA03" ID-CoL="8LZ86" baseAuthorityName="Gould" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[274,618,255,305]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macropus">Southern Myotis</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FD6196A61DD8BA03" box="[669,984,255,305]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FD6196A61DD8BA03" blockId="208.[172,1145,255,388]" box="[669,984,255,305]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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||
<heading id="9F638192FF2B6A94FD6196A61DD8BA03" box="[669,984,255,305]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FD6196A61DD8BA03" ID-CoL="8LZ86" baseAuthorityName="Gould" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[669,984,255,305]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macropus">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FD6196A61DD8BA03" box="[669,984,255,305]" italics="true" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Myotis macropus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FF52971D1A0DBAB2" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="vernacular_names">
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||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FF52971D1A79BA6B" blockId="208.[172,1145,255,388]" box="[174,1145,324,345]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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<heading id="9F638192FF2B6A94FF52971D1A79BA6B" box="[174,1145,324,345]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FF52971D1EF9BA6B" bold="true" box="[174,249,324,345]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF2B6A94FEFF971D1F9DBA6B" ID-CoL="8LZ86" baseAuthorityName="Gould" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[259,413,324,345]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macropus">Murin de Gould</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FE4E971D1C0DBA6B" bold="true" box="[434,525,324,345]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF2B6A94FDE9971D1D43BA6B" ID-CoL="8LZ86" baseAuthorityName="Gould" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[533,835,324,345]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macropus">
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF2B6A94FDE9971D1CCEBA6B" ID-CoL="8LZ86" baseAuthorityName="Gould" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[533,718,324,345]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macropus">Australien-Langful</vernacularName>
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3fledermaus
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</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FCA5971D1DB4BA6B" bold="true" box="[857,948,324,345]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF2B6A94FC42971D1A79BA6B" ID-CoL="8LZ86" baseAuthorityName="Gould" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[958,1145,324,345]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macropus">Ratonero de Gould</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FF5197321A0DBAB2" blockId="208.[172,1145,255,388]" box="[173,1037,363,384]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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<heading id="9F638192FF2B6A94FF5197321A0DBAB2" box="[173,1037,363,384]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FF5197321FA5BAB2" bold="true" box="[173,421,363,384]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF2B6A94FE5197321CE4BAB2" ID-CoL="8LZ86" baseAuthorityName="Gould" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[429,740,363,384]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macropus">Australian Large-footed Myotis</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF2B6A94FD0D97321A0DBAB2" ID-CoL="8LZ86" baseAuthorityName="Gould" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[753,1037,363,384]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macropus">Gould's Large-footed Myotis</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FCEF97F71D5DBAC5" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FCEF97F71D5DBAC5" blockId="208.[786,1380,430,857]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FCEF97F71DAFBAFD" bold="true" box="[787,943,430,463]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FC2897F71D58BAC5" ID-CoL="8LJ7S" authority="Gould, 1854" authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1854" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vespertilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macropus">Vespertilio macropus Gould, 1854</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FC9597831A46BAC5" box="[873,1094,474,503]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FC9597831A46BAC5" blockId="208.[786,1380,430,857]" box="[873,1094,474,503]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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||
<materialsCitation id="74FC3CA3FF2B6A94FC9597831A42BAC5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3783319387" box="[873,1090,474,503]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF2B6A94FC9597831A42BAC5" box="[873,1090,474,503]" country="Australia" name="South Australia" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">South Australia</collectingRegion>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FCE894581A70BF2C" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FCE894581A70BF2C" blockId="208.[786,1380,430,857]" lastBlockId="208.[170,1380,864,3068]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
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Subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FC5694581DFEB92C" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[938,1022,513,542]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FBEE94581A8CB92C" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[1042,1164,513,542]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="horsfieldii">horsfieldii</taxonomicName>
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species group. See
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FCB294711DC7B977" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1898" box="[846,967,552,581]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pipistrellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridleyi">M. ridleyi</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FBF794711AA7B977" baseAuthorityName="Horsfield" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[1035,1191,552,581]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adversus">M. adversus</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FB4A94711D42B95F" baseAuthorityName="Gould" baseAuthorityYear="1854" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macropus">Myotis macropus</taxonomicName>
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appears to be relative to M. hasselti,
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FCE9942E1DDDB9A6" baseAuthorityName="Waterhouse" baseAuthorityYear="1845" box="[789,989,631,660]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrotarsus">M. macrotarsus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FC13942E1A9BB9A6" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[1007,1179,631,660]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="969" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="horsfieldii">M. horsfieldii</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FB12942E1D46B98E" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1846" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muricola">M. muricola</taxonomicName>
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based on limited genetic data. Specimens throughout northern and
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF2B6A94FB0A949B1D8FB838" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">western Australia</collectingRegion>
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that were previously identified as
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FCE895491DB1B803" baseAuthorityName="Horsfield" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[788,945,784,817]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adversus">M. adversus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FC0495491AC3B803" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1915" box="[1016,1219,784,817]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="moluccarum">M. moluccarum</taxonomicName>
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now represent
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FCA495611A01B86B" baseAuthorityName="Gould" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[856,1025,824,857]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macropus">M. macropus</taxonomicName>
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. There appear to be two genetic clades in
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF2B6A94FE5D95391C20B8B3" box="[417,544,864,897]" name="Australia" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Australia</collectingCountry>
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, one in the north and north-east and the other in the west and south-west that likely correspond to subspecies (possibly
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FBE195DE1A94B89A" baseAuthorityName="Gould" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[1053,1172,903,936]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macropus">macropus</taxonomicName>
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and richards).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FF5295F61F7BB8E2" baseAuthorityName="Dobson" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[174,379,943,976]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">Myotis australis</taxonomicName>
|
||
, known only from the holotype in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF2B6A94FC8195F61A78B8E2" box="[893,1144,943,976]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
|
||
, is considered a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FEAB958F1FFEB8C5" baseAuthorityName="Gould" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[343,510,982,1015]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macropus">M. macropus</taxonomicName>
|
||
because no other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FC6D958F1DE5B8C5" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[913,997,982,1015]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been confirmed there; it could still represent a vagrant of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FD6495A41CF7BF2C" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[664,759,1021,1054]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="959" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ater">M. ater</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FCD995A41DC3BF2C" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1846" box="[805,963,1021,1054]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muricola">M. muricola</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Monotypic.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FF5192701DF5BFA7" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="distribution">
|
||
<caption id="90EB6676FF2B6A94FF5192701DF5BFA7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398962" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6398962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398962/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" targetBox="[171,764,442,857]" targetPageId="208">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FF5192701DF5BFA7" blockId="208.[170,1380,864,3068]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FF5192701F5DBF74" bold="true" box="[173,349,1065,1094]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
C
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF2B6A94FE7292701CA3BF74" box="[398,675,1065,1094]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Yuro) and N, E & SE Australia, from NE Western Australia to Queensland (including Melville, Groote Eylandt, Hinchinbrook, and Fraser Is) and S to Victoria and extreme SE South Australia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FF5192C21C7ABECA" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FF5192C21C7ABECA" blockId="208.[170,1380,864,3068]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FF5192C21FA4BF8E" bold="true" box="[173,420,1179,1212]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
|
||
Head-body
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF2B6A94FDA592C21CE5BF8E" box="[601,741,1179,1212]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" unit="mm" value="42.5" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="35.0">35-50 mm</quantity>
|
||
,tail 33—-42-
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF2B6A94FC7392C21DDDBF8E" box="[911,989,1179,1212]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, ear 8-9-15-
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF2B6A94FB7892C21AD8BF8E" box="[1156,1240,1179,1212]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, hindfoot 9-9-12-
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF2B6A94FEE8929A1F69BFD6" box="[276,361,1219,1252]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, forearm 36-42-
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF2B6A94FDA8929A1CAABFD6" box="[596,682,1219,1252]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
|
||
; weight 5-14-
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF2B6A94FC90929A1D9CBFD6" box="[876,924,1219,1252]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="9.0" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" unit="g" value="9.0">9 g</quantity>
|
||
. Dorsal pelage varies from dark gray to reddish brown; venter is paler. Ears are long and bluntly rounded at tips, with long, straight, slender tragus. Hindfeet are distinctly large, with long digits and long hooked claws; calcar is very long at more than three-fourths the distance from ankle to tip of tail. Baculum is very short (
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF2B6A94FD8793391CFEBEB3" box="[635,766,1376,1409]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.05" metricValueMax="8.1" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" unit="mm" value="40.5" valueMax="81.0" valueMin="0.0">0-81 mm</quantity>
|
||
), broad, and spatulated. Skull is larger than in the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF2B6A94FEFA93D51F70BE9B" box="[262,368,1420,1449]" country="Indonesia" name="Maluku Utara" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Maluku</collectingRegion>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FE8593D51FD3BE9B" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[377,467,1420,1449]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FE1493D51CB3BE9B" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1915" box="[488,691,1420,1449]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="moluccarum">M. moluccarum</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and the Gray Large-footed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FBBC93D51A9ABE9B" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[1088,1178,1420,1449]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FB4C93D51B53BE9B" baseAuthorityName="Horsfield" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[1200,1363,1420,1449]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adversus">M. adversus</taxonomicName>
|
||
), but its rostrum is shorter than in the Gray Large-footed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FC4A93E91A12BEE3" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[950,1042,1456,1489]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
. P° and P, are minute at two-thirds the size of first molars.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FF5093A71B3EBD75" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FF5093A71B3EBD75" blockId="208.[170,1380,864,3068]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FF5093A71F1BBD2D" bold="true" box="[172,283,1534,1567]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Well-vegetated areas such as forests rather than clearings, primarily around streams and other permanent waterways, from sea level up to elevations of ¢.
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF2B6A94FB22907F1B3BBD75" box="[1246,1339,1574,1607]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.4" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" unit="m" value="840.0">840 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FF5090141C33BCE0" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FF5090141C33BCE0" blockId="208.[170,1380,864,3068]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FF5090141FB5BD5C" bold="true" box="[172,437,1613,1646]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
The Southern
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FD6890141CEEBD5C" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[660,750,1613,1646]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
feeds by fishing over water with its hindfeet to catch small fish, prawns, and aquatic insects (e.g. water boatmen, water striders, backswimmers, and whirligig beetles). It forages by flying
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF2B6A94FC1890C51A79BD8F" box="[996,1145,1692,1725]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" unit="cm" value="57.5" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="15.0">15-100 cm</quantity>
|
||
above the water and frequently dipping hindfeet into water and running them along the surface. On occasion, a few individuals follow each other while foraging. Southern
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FB7190B21AE7BC3E" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[1165,1255,1771,1804]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
typically forage overstill pools of water rather than flowing water, which allows easier detection of prey. They find prey by using echolocation to detect small ripples on the water. While foraging over water, they occasionally forage for small insects, and fecal samples in Northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF2B6A94FE9A91CB1FE3BC99" box="[358,483,1938,1963]" name="Australia" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
contained mostly termites, flies, ants, moths, beetles, spiders, cockroaches, and true bugs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FF5091811B5FB207" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FF5091811B5FB207" blockId="208.[170,1380,864,3068]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FF5091811F32BCCB" bold="true" box="[172,306,2008,2041]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Southern
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FE2C91811C2ABCCB" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[464,554,2008,2041]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
breed 1-2 times/year depending on locality (possibly up to three in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF2B6A94FEB19E591FFDB313" box="[333,509,2048,2081]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Queensland</collectingRegion>
|
||
), and males have two peaks in testicular size (April-June and September-November in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF2B6A94FDF29E7E1D06B37A" box="[526,774,2087,2120]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
|
||
). During breeding, a dominant male establishes a territory and forms a harem of 1-12 females, defending it from other males. Other males roost alone or in small all-male roosts. Females in populations in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FB0E9E2F1B62B3A5" box="[1266,1378,2166,2199]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Victoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF2B6A94FB0E9E2F1B62B3A5" box="[1266,1378,2166,2199]" country="Australia" name="Victoria" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Victoria</collectingRegion>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have one birth year in November-December; populations in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF2B6A94FBF29EC41B01B38C" box="[1038,1281,2205,2238]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
|
||
reproduce twice a year, giving birth in October and January. Females can still be lactating during the beginning of their second pregnancy, and both pregnancies last c.12 weeks. Females give birth to one young per pregnancy. Young are weaned at c.3—4 weeks old.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FF569F621FF8B178" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FF569F621FF8B178" blockId="208.[170,1380,864,3068]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FF569F621F97B26E" bold="true" box="[170,407,2363,2396]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Southern
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FDCF9F621C8DB26E" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[563,653,2363,2396]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
roost by day in caves, tree hollows, foliage (including clumps of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FE829F321C04B2B6" box="[382,516,2411,2436]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Pandanus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FDEB9F321CD7B2B6" box="[535,727,2411,2436]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Pandanaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), mines, tunnels, road culverts, storm drains, and intact nests of fairy martins (Petrochelidon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FCB99FD31D7BB299" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1911" box="[837,891,2442,2475]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Plecotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ariel">ariel</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and under bridges. Their roosts are typically near water sources for foraging. Calls are steep FM sweep, with average start frequency of 80-2 kHz, end frequency of 31-2 kHz, peak frequency of 80-2 kHz, interpulse interval of 5-1 milliseconds, and duration of 5-1 milliseconds (south-eastern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF2B6A94FF509C681F58B178" box="[172,344,2609,2634]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Queensland</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF2B6A94FE9B9C681FEBB178" box="[359,491,2609,2634]" name="Australia" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FF579C0A1C38B18D" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FF579C0A1C38B18D" blockId="208.[170,1380,864,3068]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FF579C0A1D76B142" bold="true" box="[171,886,2643,2672]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
Southern
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FBE89C0A1A6EB142" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[1044,1134,2643,2672]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
commonly roost alone or in groups of less than 15 individuals, but they can be found in colonies of several hundred individuals.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FF509C9F1A35B007" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FF509C9F1A35B007" blockId="208.[170,1380,864,3068]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FF509C9F1C07B1D5" bold="true" box="[172,519,2758,2791]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Southern
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF2B6A94FF1A9CB41F3FB03C" authority="Kaup, 1829" box="[230,319,2797,2830]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Myotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not appear to face any major threats. It might be affected by changes in water quality and food availability and local roost disturbance.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF2B6A94FF519D1C1F61B0CE" pageId="208" pageNumber="970" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF2B6A94FF519D1C1F61B0CE" blockId="208.[170,1380,864,3068]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF2B6A94FF519D1C1F45B06C" bold="true" box="[173,325,2885,2910]" pageId="208" pageNumber="970">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Anderson et al. (2006), Barclay et al. (2000), Bickham et al. (2004), Campbell (2009), Campbell et al. (2010), Churchill (2008), Cooper et al. (2001), Dwyer (1970a, 1970b, 1970c), Jones & Rayner (1991), Kitchener, Cooper & Maryanto (1995), Law & Anderson (1999), Law & Urquhart (2000), Lloyd et al. (1999), Loh & Gemmell (1980), Reardon & Thomson (2008), Rhodes & Hall (1997), Richards, Hoye et al. (2008), Thompson & Fenton (1982).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |