281 lines
38 KiB
XML
281 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="21464" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.949.51269" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e4d2c425-4596-487c-8c4f-b09330b48203" ID-PMC="PMC7381721" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-949-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="303D64593B3B550DBB7CE01AA547409D" ID-PubMed="32765176" ID-ZooBank="93BFA448BB7343CDBC4EA86090DA63D5" ModsDocID="1313-2970-949-1" checkinTime="1594832489974" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Salata, Sebastian & Fisher, Brian L." docDate="2020" docId="4A4226664CEB5246988331C1E9F5CD4D" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 949: 1-185" docOrigin="ZooKeys 949" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.949.51269" docTitle="Pheidole sofia Salata & Fisher 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="058F9EDA-A9D8-4C24-9FDE-6B3D96C16D23" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" id="303D64593B3B550DBB7CE01AA547409D" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="303D64593B3B550DBB7CE01AA547409D" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the Pheidole sikorae species group (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="185" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732651982216" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="52A5DDB6F7ABB1CECF257A3AD626BF70">
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<mods:title id="24F4B3700AB418E64D6E5F81818512F4">Taxonomic revision of the Pheidole sikorae species group (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Madagascar</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="2D850C4DF3BB3DFB2D57AE6AC5260CE3" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="2740D7501F635D1BA2B2776523778D4E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="81305A13C3A7E38B60C09722DE1C84C4">Salata, Sebastian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BAD344FF52F7A37C26E77FD8E2BAC29A">Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="EA81963156F6E686B347278F95AF2916" type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0811-2309</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="998AD287A73E22B14EA9DDFFDDA5F098" type="email">sdsalata@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="9F40094B4AD295B50325EC35C25B640C">Fisher, Brian L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CC566C8CED932B42B354E3418FC53AB3">Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="312AA4DA534930F61BF1B89FF5C3EF32" type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4653-3270</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="AC14DAE49E99275DEE31086EA40CBBC3">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="EB7FC1FC110DA0D889AF4D2434AC2816">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="B44F4E78844370D814039DED8735400A" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="B50FAB2EE57D6C0E638AB82AEDAECF81">949</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="8B8F9561734ACF3B907297F15BB199EE">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.949.51269</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="465FE4B58D08CDC0CA77FFE46F0CE0E6">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="4D9CD3843C321CC644BBEBCA4C836709" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.949.51269</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="4A4226664CEB5246988331C1E9F5CD4D" ID-GBIF-Taxon="165090185" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:058F9EDA-A9D8-4C24-9FDE-6B3D96C16D23" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4A4226664CEB5246988331C1E9F5CD4D" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Formicidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera">
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<subSubSection id="542A4DA3A769EB03333D41577E46A3C6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B998C73FF8DD3D44A427694D503E69F9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="7C36319E0930173C6D4DE807607440D5" ID-CoL="CMLXC" LSID="4A422666-4CEB-5246-9883-31C1E9F5CD4D" authority="Salata & Fisher, 2020" authorityName="Salata & Fisher" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole sofia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sofia" status="sp. nov.">Pheidole sofia</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="416431C41D2300539001191795623FA3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation id="73F6FCDC9982124B80494EE1BBF6028E" captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Pheidole sofia sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923280) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0705626)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432223" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 54A-F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="AA36271509BAAA7AF2A02903FF847628" captionStart="Figure 64" captionStartId="F64" captionText="Figure 64. Major worker, hypostomal teeth. Pheidole masoandro sp. nov. (A). Pheidole mavohavoana sp. nov. (B). Pheidole midongy sp. nov. (C). Pheidole mikros sp. nov. (D). Pheidole mivory sp. nov. (E). Pheidole nitidobruna sp. nov. (F). Pheidole parvula sp. nov. (G). Pheidole parvulogibba sp. nov. (H). Pheidole renirano sp. nov. (I). Pheidole sava sp. nov. (J). Pheidole sikorae Forel (K). Pheidole sofia sp. nov. (L). Pheidole sparsa sp. nov. (M). Pheidole tampony sp. nov. (N). Pheidole trichotos sp. nov. (O). Pheidole tsaravoniana sp. nov. (P). Pheidole vadum sp. nov. (Q). Pheidole veteratrix Forel (R). Pheidole volontany sp. nov. (S). Pheidole vony sp. nov. (T)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure64" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432233" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 64L</figureCitation>
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||
<figureCitation id="0EAB8425D4AA0A62DE799C74E1FA18B0" captionStart="Figure 67" captionStartId="F67" captionText="Figure 67. Distribution. Pheidole renirano sp. nov. (A). Pheidole sava sp. nov. (B). Pheidole sikorae Forel (C). Pheidole sofia sp. nov. (D). Pheidole sparsa sp. nov. (E). Pheidole tampony sp. nov. (F). Pheidole trichotos sp. nov. (G). Pheidole tsaravoniana sp. nov. (H). Pheidole vadum sp. nov. (I). Pheidole veteratrix Forel (J). Pheidole volontany sp. nov. (K). Pheidole vony sp. nov. (L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure67" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432236" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 67D</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="06158F33BED84F523A00651AA6801502" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
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||
<paragraph id="2D705E7A424C28F415D6BE854897CEAD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="5442C04AB2B455F39BDEB8D31B5DF8DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="534BAE4C22ACD00E8F390A3140F80E29" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype.</emphasis>
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Madagascar. • 1 major worker; Mahajanga; Region Sofia, Bemanevika;
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<geoCoordinate id="B79D3A9335219D97326EC0312970B6D5" degrees="14.32826" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-14.32826">-14.32826</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="C909C9C26C029668B9731CCA28D6596B" degrees="48.58406" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.58406">48.58406</geoCoordinate>
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; alt. 1657 m; 17 Jan 2015; B. L. Fisher et al. leg.; montane rainforest, ex rotten log; BLF35790; CASENT0705626 (CASC).
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<emphasis id="DA7D85A1F934082285BDCFFF7E8DD522" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratype.</emphasis>
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• 1w.; same data as for holotype, CASENT0923280 (CASC).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="C3BCC7C37B67EB5774E4D83CA970F59D" doi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432223" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 54" startId="F54">
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<paragraph id="889D9826BCCD2E32736A792A4F2A528B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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||
<emphasis id="A80BD65BA0385C05B3B33CD0E319E4C3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 54.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="8A3914E28DBAC1E9FECDD568303A2F5F" authorityName="Salata & Fisher" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole sofia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sofia">
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<emphasis id="092BC7F8F77A1468F831EA5245704E74" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pheidole sofia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., full-face view (
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||
<emphasis id="D49EFBBDA9DA2B7DF8ACB76BA8E3F582" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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||
), profile (
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||
<emphasis id="EC4C2CB2EB17481318872333CC31ED50" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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||
), and dorsal view (
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||
<emphasis id="F276DC035DFCD19E3E4127013A946320" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
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||
) of paratype minor worker (CASENT0923280) and full-face view (
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||
<emphasis id="2AEBE54FB752F34F0CB03C38AFA85AF6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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||
), profile (
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||
<emphasis id="42BB16DCFF3221165E32F17CAB2D3930" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
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||
), and dorsal view (
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||
<emphasis id="6A0B885AF53B58085F66FB06A8991670" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
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) of holotype major worker (CASENT0705626).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</caption>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="67336CE0F7760B62B22FA1E8048A90EE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="F9CD9CE6956D9D6259FABE8680DA82D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Other material.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3AC74DFAD94A3E5FAC4BF7ADFC2C74D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Madagascar. -
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<emphasis id="84B98F4EF9122FBF0313F514DE4CBB1A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Antsiranana</emphasis>
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||
: • 2w., 1s.; Parc National Montagne
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<normalizedToken id="1125962224C632ED24175C98EFE4A9C2" originalValue="d’Ambre">d'Ambre</normalizedToken>
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,
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||
<normalizedToken id="152F7C396819A32A707275A5B5D5955D" originalValue="Crête">Crete</normalizedToken>
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||
;
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||
<geoCoordinate id="B73024AB0D041E5E210F67EBB9B93C08" degrees="12.58132" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-12.58132">-12.58132</geoCoordinate>
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,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="BF55EB72BAC347CE0F66769ACBAB3B02" degrees="49.13368" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="49.13368">49.13368</geoCoordinate>
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||
; alt. 1110 m; 13 Nov 2007; B. L. Fisher et al. leg.; montane rainforest, ex rotten log; BLF18090 (CASC). • 2w., 2s.; Parc National Montagne
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<normalizedToken id="CD64FC7661CD2544B6A37818906F2C0C" originalValue="d’Ambre">d'Ambre</normalizedToken>
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, Mahasarika;
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||
<geoCoordinate id="1C0D5521BA890EA101B9AA64FCF70E8A" degrees="12.53176" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-12.53176">-12.53176</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="CBA4144362949C6EBB05F9DD4D023DF0" degrees="49.17662" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="49.17662">49.17662</geoCoordinate>
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||
; alt. 1135 m; 17 Nov 2007; B. L. Fisher et al. leg.; montane rainforest, ex rotten log; BLF18458 (CASC). • 1w., 1s.; Parc National Montagne
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||
<normalizedToken id="09247F7BBDD899E289FA25E955EB8C17" originalValue="d’Ambre">d'Ambre</normalizedToken>
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, Roussettes;
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<geoCoordinate id="138FC33A901A74BBA9E1811EF1D1C957" degrees="12.52574" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-12.52574">-12.52574</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="FFE5782510EC9DC832D01DBCE7A63AE2" degrees="49.17238" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="49.17238">49.17238</geoCoordinate>
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||
; alt. 1025 m; 15 Nov 2007; B. L. Fisher et al. leg.; montane rainforest, ex rotten log; BLF18310 (CASC). • 1w., 1s.; Parc National Montagne
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||
<normalizedToken id="2A48B82B6B671DA96D2376ECDEAA0D29" originalValue="d’Ambre">d'Ambre</normalizedToken>
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, Roussettes;
|
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<geoCoordinate id="3C338176D4C13D8D8E4DCEF4FDF027A6" degrees="12.52574" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-12.52574">-12.52574</geoCoordinate>
|
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="4919958F6A7EADE0B4502FFC98F127E2" degrees="49.17238" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="49.17238">49.17238</geoCoordinate>
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||
; alt. 1025 m; 15 Nov 2007; B. L. Fisher et al. leg.; montane rainforest, ex rotten log; BLF18336 (CASC).-
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||
<emphasis id="0985B950F3FF0004787A02100478A59D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fianarantsoa</emphasis>
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||
: • 2w., 1s.; Ambositra;
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||
<geoCoordinate id="4083F0FFC610BDDDA11867C51BDEF557" degrees="20.53883" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-20.53883">-20.53883</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="1077F83B8BA1B20419695695F353ADB8" degrees="47.24433" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.24433">47.24433</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; alt. 1330 m; 13 Dec 2006; B. L. Fisher et al. leg.; urban/garden, ground nest; BLF16210 (CASC).-
|
||
<emphasis id="9EACB2C6A3905B3EC8E71FE9AB778E95" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mahajanga</emphasis>
|
||
: • 1w.; Region Sofia, Ampotsidia;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="52B4F2EE254A97B6F69B9F3B846D2E8C" degrees="14.42935" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-14.42935">-14.42935</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ADB76036B87FABFAED1766E0D8D71F02" degrees="48.69863" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.69863">48.69863</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; alt. 1193 m; 7 Jan 2017; B. L. Fisher et al. leg.; montane ravine forest, ex rotten log; BLF39608 (CASC). • 1w.; Region Sofia, Ampotsidia;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F9D83468A8D9E8B2B2344B9BBCA08380" degrees="14.42935" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-14.42935">-14.42935</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="3B800A3FB60846AC60851F5726AEA604" degrees="48.69863" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.69863">48.69863</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; alt. 1193 m; 7 Jan 2017; B. L. Fisher et al. leg.; montane ravine forest, ex rotten log; BLF39652 (CASC). • 1w., 1s.; Region Sofia, Bemanevika;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="E1C5F282EAFEE63CFBFB69B33118B58C" degrees="14.33886" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-14.33886">-14.33886</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="9EEF168284A91B40019390E79AC2BE25" degrees="48.58729" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.58729">48.58729</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; alt. 1567 m; 13 Jan 2015; B. L. Fisher et al. leg.; montane rainforest, ex rotten log; BLF35588 (CASC). • 2w., 1s., 1q.; Region Sofia, Bemanevika;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="9E90D30BAECD4CC5004ECED6C807825E" degrees="14.337" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-14.337">-14.337</geoCoordinate>
|
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,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D3554AA075C8B3A953BAC4D97C484E25" degrees="48.58874" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.58874">48.58874</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; alt. 1606 m; 15 Jan 2015; B. L. Fisher et al. leg.; montane rainforest, ex rotten log; BLF35718 (CASC). • 1w., 1s.; Region Sofia, Bemanevika;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="94B4AF1B946646EE3A4E95EE12A5126C" degrees="14.34517" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-14.34517">-14.34517</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CB0AAC0FD4FE8FA8AC55EC4ED053F804" degrees="48.58948" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.58948">48.58948</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; alt. 1547 m; 16 Jan 2015; B. L. Fisher et al. leg.; montane rainforest, ex rotten log; BLF35772 (CASC). • 1w., 1s.; Region Sofia, Bemanevika;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="76E16C7F957AB1A68A3634A207291F95" degrees="14.32826" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-14.32826">-14.32826</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="766BAFCC9E1DB149F34BA64E237873A0" degrees="48.58406" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.58406">48.58406</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; alt. 1657 m; 19 Jan 2015; B. L. Fisher et al. leg.; montane rainforest, ex rotten log; BLF35808 (CASC). -
|
||
<emphasis id="F9E50F62755789D25E01F4795A46E626" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Toamasina</emphasis>
|
||
: • 1w., 1s.; Reserve Betampona, Camp Rendrirendry 34.1 km 332° Toamasina;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="0A6442F2E30CE237D89C65906C4648F5" degrees="17.924" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-17.924">-17.924</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C1F6FC64F8F875C62927296C31680904" degrees="49.19967" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="49.19967">49.19967</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; alt. 390 m;29 Nov 2005; B. L. Fisher et al. leg.; rainforest, ex rotten log; BLF13135 (CASC). • 1w., 1s.;
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B967E6ED18E304E24BCBC6EB7F8A51C5" originalValue="Réserve">Reserve</normalizedToken>
|
||
Nationale
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9A147E9C55C505B289C09FD692BDB9EB" originalValue="Intégrale">Integrale</normalizedToken>
|
||
Betampona, Betampona 35.1 km NW Toamasina;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="233D0A33FD7953524796549B5F2E48F2" degrees="17.91801" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-17.91801">-17.91801</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="9C94FB4B73E8BFEDD3865DFEF3937F6B" degrees="49.20074" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="49.20074">49.20074</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; alt. 500 m; 16 Dec 2007; B. L. Fisher et al. leg.; rainforest, ex rotten stick on ground; BLF19608 (CASC).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2B1539C998AD82F37F19A42216D38729" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="C4989813C48DC2B6E6726C75D9C8F451" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AA23B895A033E4EDC756A78C413D9B6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Moderately large species.
|
||
<emphasis id="493D1D8802DF11A3243D64D49E105874" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Major workers.</emphasis>
|
||
Head in full-face view sub-oval, not widening posteriorly, with anterior and posterior sides convex, slightly narrowing posteriorly, in lateral view sub-oval; ventral and dorsal faces convex; sides of the head with dense, moderately long, suberect to erect pilosity; medial part of frons with thick, moderately sparse, longitudinal and interrupted rugae, posteromedial part with rugae more irregular and slightly directed outward, interspaces smooth to finely foveolate; anterolateral sides with thick, moderately dense, and longitudinally irregular rugae, posterolateral sides with rugae more irregular, interspaces with dense and distinct foveolae; occipital lobes and area posterolateral from eyes without smooth notches; scape, when laid back, exceeding the midlength of head by two-fifths of its length; inner hypostomal teeth distinct, large, closely spaced, triangular, with rounded apex directed slightly inward; outer hypostomal teeth lobe-like, slightly wider than and approximately the same height as inner hypostomal teeth, apex directed slightly outward; inner and outer hypostomal teeth closely spaced and not connected by concavity; mesosoma with fine rugofoveolae; pronotal dorsum with reduced sculpture and additional thin, interrupted, and transverse rugae; lateral sides of pronotum and katepisternum with smooth notches; gaster smooth; body ferruginous.
|
||
<emphasis id="760787B391753E30784257FA539B8555" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Minor workers.</emphasis>
|
||
Head sculpture variable; predominantly smooth or foveolae sparse and fading on medial frons and area posterolateral from eyes; vertex with sparse and short rugulae; frons with very sparse, short, and irregular rugae; area posterolateral from eyes with reduced sculpture or predominantly smooth; scape, when laid back, surpassing the posterior head margin by one-fifth of its length; promesonotum moderately high and short, arched; promesonotal groove present; propodeal spines small and triangular; mesosoma with sparse rugofoveolae; promesonotal dorsum and katepisternum with smooth notches or smooth; pronotum with additional sparse, short, and transverse rugulae; body brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="726A26155B0210C4C5F83B7D6313F0AA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="2C9FDF24A9699702A40291C98FB132DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C931E3BAE27BF1F0217BA23E7B0D8AC0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="2A93A62D96EA5A606721D870429960B4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Major workers.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements (
|
||
<emphasis id="473B6D1BB865656BE992E9CC83872DAD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 10): HL: 0.96-1.23 (1.1); HW: 0.97-1.16 (1.06); SL: 0.55-0.76 (0.66); EL: 0.11-0.12 (0.11); WL: 0.84-1.04 (0.95); PSL: 0.15-0.19 (0.17); MTL: 0.5-0.69 (0.6); PNW: 0.42-0.57 (0.48); PTW: 0.12-0.17 (0.15); PPW: 0.28-0.37 (0.31); CI: 99.3-106.0 (103.7); SI: 54.4-77.2 (63.0); PSLI: 14.3-17.3 (15.4); PPI: 43.5-53.7 (48.5); PNI: 42.9-49.2 (45.2); MTI: 50.7-67.1 (57.0).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="483170FAA63851149CDE7F00C021CBB6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="33CED8D71C6675FDB19FC3DDBDF698CE" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head.</emphasis>
|
||
In full-face view sub-oval, not widening posteriorly, with anterior and posterior sides convex, slightly narrowing posteriorly (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="93973042641B3763BC6948D33AD06D66" captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Pheidole sofia sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923280) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0705626)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432223" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54B</figureCitation>
|
||
). In lateral view sub-oval; ventral and dorsal faces convex; inner hypostomal teeth visible. Sides of the head with dense, moderately long, suberect to erect pilosity; whole head with dense, long, decumbent to erect pilosity. Medial part of frons with thick, moderately sparse, longitudinal, and interrupted rugae, posteromedial part with rugae more irregular and slightly directed outward, interspaces smooth to finely foveolate; anterolateral sides with thick moderately dense and longitudinally irregular rugae, posterolateral sides with rugae more irregular, interspaces with dense and distinct foveolae. Occipital lobes with thick, irregular rugae and rugofoveolate interspaces. Area posterolateral from eyes rugoreticulate to rugofoveolate, sometimes with additional longitudinal to irregular, thick rugae. Gena with relatively dense and thick, longitudinal rugae and rugoreticulate interspaces. Centre of clypeus smooth and shiny, lateral sides with indistinct rugulae; median notch present, moderately wide, and shallow; median longitudinal carina absent; lateral longitudinal carinae absent. Scape, when laid back, exceeding the midlength of head by two-fifths of its length; pilosity subdecumbent to erect (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="D33D537D0DC75F8142AED35F817EB748" captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Pheidole sofia sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923280) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0705626)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432223" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Inner hypostomal teeth distinct, large, closely spaced, triangular, with rounded apex directed slightly inward; outer hypostomal teeth lobe-like, slightly wider than and approximately the same height as inner hypostomal teeth, apex directed slightly outward; inner and outer hypostomal teeth closely spaced and not connected by concavity (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="674F74C6002DC32208D3005D0DA3E178" captionStart="Figure 64" captionStartId="F64" captionText="Figure 64. Major worker, hypostomal teeth. Pheidole masoandro sp. nov. (A). Pheidole mavohavoana sp. nov. (B). Pheidole midongy sp. nov. (C). Pheidole mikros sp. nov. (D). Pheidole mivory sp. nov. (E). Pheidole nitidobruna sp. nov. (F). Pheidole parvula sp. nov. (G). Pheidole parvulogibba sp. nov. (H). Pheidole renirano sp. nov. (I). Pheidole sava sp. nov. (J). Pheidole sikorae Forel (K). Pheidole sofia sp. nov. (L). Pheidole sparsa sp. nov. (M). Pheidole tampony sp. nov. (N). Pheidole trichotos sp. nov. (O). Pheidole tsaravoniana sp. nov. (P). Pheidole vadum sp. nov. (Q). Pheidole veteratrix Forel (R). Pheidole volontany sp. nov. (S). Pheidole vony sp. nov. (T)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure64" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432233" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">64L</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="5329855D4D0E39E2866527C4F7AF5E92" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mesosoma.</emphasis>
|
||
In lateral view, promesonotum short, angular, and moderately low, posterior mesonotum moderately steep, mesonotal process indistinct, tubercle-like; promesonotal groove absent; metanotal groove absent; propodeal spines moderately short, with moderately wide base and acute apex; humeral area laterally weakly produced (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="CA88F4FECB29BFBB0373FBDFCE9E59D6" captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Pheidole sofia sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923280) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0705626)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432223" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Surface shiny with fine rugofoveolae; pronotal dorsum with reduced sculpture and additional thin, interrupted, and transverse rugae; lateral sides of pronotum and katepisternum with smooth notches. Pilosity moderately dense, long, and erect (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="7AE9552CF9C26E559FFAE89C08CE7C78" captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Pheidole sofia sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923280) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0705626)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432223" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="92FAE3211C23E32D11B70380E9CF722C" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Petiole.</emphasis>
|
||
Shiny with fine foveolae; node smooth to finely foveolate, low, triangular, with rounded and thin apex, in rear view node dorsoventrally straight to slightly convex; pilosity moderately sparse and erect (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="03FD40A3E9B56AFCB672D2F7E3DA8EF5" captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Pheidole sofia sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923280) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0705626)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432223" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="3E8CCB733FEBE126C9DBA25306917C57" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Postpetiole.</emphasis>
|
||
Shiny and foveolate; dorsum with reduced sculpture and smooth notch; in dorsal view oval, lateral margins medially with two dentate projections; pilosity long, moderately sparse and erect (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="0320E4299AD4AA4C9E56E450BC0E1DF6" captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Pheidole sofia sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923280) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0705626)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432223" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="F4741DFE4597B06ABC153FDD26C93C5A" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gaster.</emphasis>
|
||
Shiny and smooth; pilosity dense, long, and erect (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="9F6914973F84AC0842911CF1B428006A" captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Pheidole sofia sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923280) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0705626)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432223" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="5C839FEE6BA9AB122E987F9C59AFAE1F" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colour.</emphasis>
|
||
Ferruginous; legs, gaster, and antennae bright brown (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="C28B4C26F90D2844F81D191E68B5F419" captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Pheidole sofia sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923280) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0705626)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432223" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E4FA09E6E3A1DF205F6F8B4863D4CB78" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="384B6E0F8F8890101809540C97D32E22" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Minor workers.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements (
|
||
<emphasis id="49DA6AE5B4B51C0A5CE8F5E6CF6DF516" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 10): HL: 0.46-0.62 (0.56); HW: 0.42-0.57 (0.49); SL: 0.51-0.67 (0.61); EL: 0.08-0.1 (0.09); WL: 0.58-0.78 (0.69); PSL: 0.06-0.11 (0.09); MTL: 0.36-0.53 (0.46); PNW: 0.28-0.39 (0.33); PTW: 0.08-0.1 (0.09); PPW: 0.11-0.17 (0.14); CI: 106.0-118.7 (123.4); SI: 112.1-139.2 (123.4); PSLI: 11.3-18.8 (16.2); PPI: 50.6-74.2 (60.6); PNI: 62.8-70.3 (67.6); MTI: 77.0-101.0 (92.3).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E79F24DA5C06C8584BAB5324C59A6A6C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="F263C21C859511981246406D2A12112A" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head.</emphasis>
|
||
Cephalic margin indistinctly concave or straight (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="24D9BA26779ECFABE390EC2581B69D81" captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Pheidole sofia sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923280) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0705626)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432223" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pilosity relatively dense, long, decumbent to suberect. Sculpture shiny and variable; predominantly smooth or foveolate with foveolae sparse and fading on medial frons and area posterolateral from eyes; vertex with sparse and short rugulae; frons with very sparse, short, and irregular rugae; area posterolateral from eyes with reduced sculpture or predominantly smooth; antennal sockets with few thick, curved outward rugae and smooth to indistinctly foveolate interspaces. Clypeus with median longitudinal carina absent; two lateral longitudinal carinae absent. Scape, when laid back, surpassing the posterior head margin by one-fifth of its length; pilosity dense, subdecumbent to erect (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="4B33AAAFE239236C618E4A7953010797" captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Pheidole sofia sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923280) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0705626)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432223" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="F2F26F5BE16AF3146A7FD33D8ACF9743" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mesosoma.</emphasis>
|
||
In lateral view, promesonotum moderately high and short, arched; promesonotal groove indistinct; metanotal groove distinct; propodeal spines small and triangular (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="ED7DACBE8F5DF7A8829093DA913ED8F1" captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Pheidole sofia sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923280) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0705626)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432223" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Sculpture shiny with sparse rugofoveolae; promesonotal dorsum and katepisternum with smooth notches or smooth; pronotum with additional sparse, short, and transverse rugulae. Pilosity moderately sparse, long, and erect (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="D119CAA028CEAF35E9F92C34690006BC" captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Pheidole sofia sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923280) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0705626)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432223" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="522D824684F375C3CD8515B4B237270E" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gaster.</emphasis>
|
||
With sparse, erect pilosity (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="848B316DF7DE10469143F74AA8310083" captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Pheidole sofia sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923280) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0705626)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432223" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="64F295867BA9C97C22CC901CCEBAED0C" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colour.</emphasis>
|
||
Brown, legs and antenna yellowish brown (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="9C649F719114B9E9C46E78381F113EAF" captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Pheidole sofia sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0923280) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0705626)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.949.51269.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432223" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="493E29FAA65029B3BC7571CF5D1F192D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="6C2996F3AC3EDB8527B8232AEC4B39C8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D0397BDD78B64B24E8D01E8C3EFF655E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">From the type locality.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0307D13C205B62B673EA0B4C7E4EA5F7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0A3DD490B64D30D543D214E1B2218A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="60FDA10BB9627A7CFB6116FDDDBCE352" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The species was collected between 390-1657 m in elevation, in rainforest, montane rainforest, montane ravine forest, and in urban areas. Nests were located in rotten logs, rotten sticks on the ground, and in soil.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D563014BD11A76E43B4A5A11719FA5C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="comments">
|
||
<paragraph id="715C046F4BB83A4DE701EBE727DAA289" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Comments.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F65D01A6E67ABF3DB8FF214FF25E0CA1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4169191C12AC1A48BCBB5DFD04CCA949" authorityName="Salata & Fisher" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole sofia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sofia">
|
||
<emphasis id="167E8D60C81F04DDC97FD654E6F62132" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pheidole sofia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. is a widespread species known from Ambositra in Fianarantsoa north to Joffreville in Antsiranana. The species is most similar to parapatric
|
||
<taxonomicName id="41ADBF0A6B2E892C713C58D497C9F934" lsidName="P. manantenina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="manantenina">
|
||
<emphasis id="259072C9ED7F3CE0E2007E8DC8B40322" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. manantenina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., known from Parc National de Marojejy in Antsiranana. Major workers of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F64CFAEC8D9BC6F2822D3F987040E326" lsidName="P. sofia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sofia">
|
||
<emphasis id="02EDD03F49695FDFED2C9E1A76725519" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. sofia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CF67E1D68630FE2FED9A867F3D73814E" lsidName="P. manantenina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="manantenina">
|
||
<emphasis id="3E2A2CB5F2683AC5D8C6B7FEAD645053" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. manantenina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. in medial part of frons with interspaces finely foveolate, lateral sides of frons with more longitudinally irregular rugae, body ferruginous, and promesonotum never with reduced sculpture; minor workers can be separated based on more distinct sculpture on head, and mesosoma with sparse rugofoveolae, promesonotal dorsum and katepisternum with smooth notches or smooth, and presence of additional sparse, short, and transverse rugulae on pronotum.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |