201 lines
19 KiB
XML
201 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870843" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-08-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6870843" approvalRequired="304" approvalRequired_for_illustrations="45" approvalRequired_for_matCits="75" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="40" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="75" approvalRequired_for_treatments="69" checkinTime="1658335596803" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Russell A. Mittermeier & Don E. Wilson" docDate="2018" docId="3D474A54A0A887C4FF0FA82F1293F61F" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_8_Soricidae_0332.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Crocidura silacea Thomas 1895" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="525" masterDocId="C17E322CA0288744FF8DAB47125EFFF9" masterDocTitle="Soricidae" masterLastPageNumber="551" masterPageNumber="332" pageNumber="525" updateTime="1658350298165" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Soricidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2018</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2018-07-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>332</mods:start>
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<mods:end>551</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870843</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-08-4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6870843</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D474A54A0A887C4FF0FA82F1293F61F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3D474A54A0A887C4FF0FA82F1293F61F" lastPageNumber="525" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">
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<heading pageId="128" pageNumber="525">
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<subSubSection box="[130,212,872,918]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="128.[128,1328,872,1078]" box="[130,212,872,918]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">
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<figureCitation box="[130,212,872,918]" captionStart="Plate 23: Soricidae" captionStartId="122.[130,160,3095,3120]" captionTargetBox="[13,2739,15,3635]" captionTargetPageId="121" captionText="346. Mduma’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura mdumaz), 347. Montane White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura montis), 348. Newmark’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura newmarki), 349. Munissi’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura munissi), 350. Tanzanian White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura tansaniana), 351. Usambara White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura usambarae), 352. Kivu White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura kivuana), 353. Niobe’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura niobe), 354. Desert White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura smith), 355. Sahelian Tiny White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura pasha), 356. Roosevelt's White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura roosevelti), 357. Long-footed White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura crenata), 358. Grasse’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura grasset), 359. Bicolored African White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura fuscomurina), 360. Flat-headed White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura planiceps), 361. Crosse’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura crosser), 362. Jouvenet’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura jouvenetae), 363. Mauritanian White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura lusitania), 364. Naked-tailed White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura lttoralis), 365. Gracile White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura maurisca), 366. Reddish-gray White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura cyanea), 367. Swamp White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura mariquensis), 368. Lesser Gray-brown White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura silacea), 369. Dent's White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura denti), 370. Hildegarde’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura hildegardeae), 371. Mamfe White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura virgata), 372. Bates’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura batesi), 373. Sao Tome White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura thomensis), 374. Fingui White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura fingui), 375. Fraser’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura poensis), 376. Nigerian White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura nigeriae), 377. Hun White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura attila), 378. Fox’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura foxi), 379. Bittikofer’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura buettikoferi), 380. Therese’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura theresae), 381. Large-headed White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura grandiceps), 382. Wimmer’s White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura wimmenr), 383. African Black White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura nigrofusca), 384. Savanna Dwarf White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura nanilla), 385. Nimba White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura nimbae)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6871925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6871925/files/figure.png" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">368.</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[223,1082,872,918]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="128.[128,1328,872,1078]" box="[223,1082,872,918]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">
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<vernacularName box="[223,1082,872,918]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">Lesser Gray-brown White-toothed Shrew</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[134,457,917,959]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="128.[128,1328,872,1078]" box="[134,457,917,959]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1895" box="[134,457,917,959]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="128" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="silacea">
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<emphasis box="[134,457,917,959]" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">Crocidura silacea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="128" pageNumber="525" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="128.[128,1328,872,1078]" box="[129,1327,975,996]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,205,975,996]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[214,478,975,996]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">Crocidure du Mpumalanga</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[500,590,975,996]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[600,987,975,996]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">Kleine graubraune WeilRzahnspitzmaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1008,1099,975,996]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName pageId="128" pageNumber="525">
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Musarana gris marron
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<paragraph blockId="128.[128,1328,872,1078]" box="[130,194,1016,1037]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">menor</paragraph>
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</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="128.[128,1328,872,1078]" box="[129,983,1054,1075]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,376,1054,1075]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[386,709,1054,1075]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">Lesser Gray-brown Musk Shrew</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName box="[723,983,1054,1075]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">Lesser Gray-brown Shrew</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection pageId="128" pageNumber="525" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="128.[741,1336,1124,1546]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[741,896,1124,1153]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Thomas, 1895" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1895" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="128" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="silacea" subGenus="Crocidura">Crocidura (Crocidura) silacea Thomas, 1895</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="128" pageNumber="525" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="128.[741,1336,1124,1546]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">
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<materialsCitation country="South Africa" location="Figtree Creek" pageId="128" pageNumber="525" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mpumalanga Province">
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“
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D474A54A0A887C4FF0FA82F1293F61F:B031AD99A0A887C4FC5EAFC816C5FB51" box="[979,1179,1167,1192]" country="South Africa" name="Figtree Creek" pageId="128" pageNumber="525" stateProvince="Mpumalanga Province">Figtree Creek</location>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D474A54A0A887C4FF0FA82F1293F61F:B031AD99A0A887C4FB3CAFC81771FB51" box="[1201,1327,1167,1192]" country="South Africa" name="De Kaap" pageId="128" pageNumber="525" stateProvince="Mpumalanga Province">De Kaap</location>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D474A54A0A887C4FF0FA82F1293F61F:B031AD99A0A887C4FD68AFE916F4FB36" box="[741,1194,1198,1231]" country="South Africa" name="Transvaal [= Barberton District" pageId="128" pageNumber="525" stateProvince="Mpumalanga Province">Transvaal [= Barberton District</location>
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,
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<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="Mpumalanga" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">Mpumalanga Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[967,1150,1237,1270]" name="South Africa" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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].”
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="128" pageNumber="525" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="128.[741,1336,1124,1546]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1895" box="[745,969,1277,1310]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="128" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="silacea">Crocidura silacea</taxonomicName>
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seems to be basal to a clade including
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dollman" authorityYear="1915" box="[985,1096,1316,1349]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="128" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="batesi">C. batesi</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dollman" authorityYear="1915" box="[1121,1210,1316,1349]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="128" pageNumber="538" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="foxi">C. foxi</taxonomicName>
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, C. buet- tikoferi,
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<taxonomicName box="[846,976,1364,1389]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="128" pageNumber="0" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="theresae">C. theresae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hutterer" authorityYear="1983" box="[994,1163,1364,1389]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="128" pageNumber="538" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grandiceps">C. grandiceps</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="128" pageNumber="0" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wimmeri">C. wimmeri</taxonomicName>
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, with
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Duvernoy" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[902,1033,1403,1428]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="128" pageNumber="0" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cyanea">C. cyanea</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="A. Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[1060,1257,1403,1428]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="128" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mariquensis">C. mariquensis</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1904" box="[746,944,1434,1467]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="128" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hildegardeae">C. hildegardeae</taxonomicName>
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more basal than
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1895" box="[1212,1336,1434,1467]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="128" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="silacea">C. silacea</taxonomicName>
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in this clade. This large clade is sister to a clade including
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Brosset, Dubost & Heim de Balsac" authorityYear="1965" box="[978,1109,1521,1546]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="128" pageNumber="524" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crenata">C. crenata</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Heuglin" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[1130,1328,1521,1546]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="128" pageNumber="542" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscomurina">C. fuscomurina</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="128.[131,1337,1554,2534]" box="[134,837,1554,1587]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1895" box="[134,248,1554,1587]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="128" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crossei">C. crossei</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[266,433,1554,1587]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="128" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jouvenetae">C. jouvenetae</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dollman" authorityYear="1915" box="[514,665,1554,1587]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="128" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lusitania">C. lusitania</taxonomicName>
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. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[131,1286,1593,1626]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6871725" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6871725" box="[131,1286,1593,1626]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6871725/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="525" targetBox="[127,718,1130,1544]" targetPageId="128">
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<paragraph blockId="128.[131,1337,1554,2534]" box="[131,1286,1593,1626]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[131,307,1593,1626]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Zimbabwe, NE South Africa, Swaziland, and extreme S Mozambique.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="128" pageNumber="525" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="128.[131,1337,1554,2534]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[131,386,1641,1666]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 60-80 mm, tail 43-56 mm, ear 7-10 mm, hindfoot 10-5-13 mm; weight 6-8 g. The Lesser Gray-brown White-toothed Shrew is small to medium-sized. Dorsal pelage is buffy brown to brown, grizzled with pale gray or fawn; individual hairs are slate gray-based, each with pale gray to fawn subterminal band and brown tips. Ventral pelageis pale gray, with brown tinge; individual hairs are slate gray-based, with pale gray or fawn tips. Summer pelage is noticeably darker than winter pelage. Feet are brown. Tail is ¢.70% of head-body length, pale to dark brown dorsally, and paler ventrally. Females have six inguinal nipples. There are three unicuspids.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="128" pageNumber="525" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="128.[131,1337,1554,2534]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[132,243,1948,1981]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Various habitats, including montane forest and grasslands, coastal forests, savanna woodlands, bush, grassland, and rocky regions.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[132,632,2027,2060]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="128.[131,1337,1554,2534]" box="[132,632,2027,2060]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[132,393,2027,2060]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[132,505,2067,2100]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="128.[131,1337,1554,2534]" box="[132,505,2067,2100]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[132,266,2067,2100]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">Breeding.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="128" pageNumber="525" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="128.[131,1337,1554,2534]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[131,366,2105,2138]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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Nests of Lesser Gray-brown White-toothed Shrews are spherical with 2—4 entrances.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="128" pageNumber="525" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="128.[131,1337,1554,2534]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[133,845,2184,2217]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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Lesser Gray-brown White-toothed Shrews make short and strident squeaks during aggressive encounters with conspecifics and make a similar squeak when alarmed.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="128" pageNumber="525" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="128.[131,1337,1554,2534]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[134,484,2302,2335]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Although the Lesser Gray-brown White-toothed Shrew is rarely collected, it has a relatively wide distribution and faces no major threats. It has been found in multiple protected areas including Kruger National Park.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="128" pageNumber="525" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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||
<paragraph blockId="128.[131,1337,1554,2534]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[135,288,2467,2492]" pageId="128" pageNumber="525">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Baxter & Dippenaar (2013e), Cassola (2016as), Meester (1963), Taylor et al. (1994), Vogel et al. (2013).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |