187 lines
18 KiB
XML
187 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870843" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-08-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6870843" approvalRequired="304" approvalRequired_for_illustrations="45" approvalRequired_for_matCits="75" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="40" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="75" approvalRequired_for_treatments="69" checkinTime="1658335596803" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Russell A. Mittermeier & Don E. Wilson" docDate="2018" docId="3D474A54A06C8701FAFAA1E01156F95A" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_8_Soricidae_0332.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Suncus mertensi Kock 1974" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="464" masterDocId="C17E322CA0288744FF8DAB47125EFFF9" masterDocTitle="Soricidae" masterLastPageNumber="551" masterPageNumber="332" pageNumber="463" updateTime="1658350298165" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Soricidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2018</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2018-07-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>332</mods:start>
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<mods:end>551</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870843</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-08-4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6870843</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870002" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6870002" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D474A54A06C8701FAFAA1E01156F95A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3D474A54A06C8701FAFAA1E01156F95A" lastPageId="69" lastPageNumber="464" pageId="68" pageNumber="463">
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<heading pageId="68" pageNumber="463">
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<subSubSection box="[1399,1478,2727,2769]" pageId="68" pageNumber="463" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="68.[1394,2360,2727,2850]" box="[1399,1478,2727,2769]" pageId="68" pageNumber="463">
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<figureCitation box="[1399,1478,2727,2769]" captionStart="Plate 19: Soricidae" captionStartId="64.[118,148,3136,3161]" captionTargetBox="[11,2741,14,3634]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="182. Palawan Moss Shrew (Palawanosorex muscorum), 183. Pearson’s Long-clawed Shrew (Solisorex pearsoni), 184. Kelaart’s Long-clawed Shrew (Feroculus feroculus), 185. Etruscan Shrew (Suncus etruscus), 186. Sri Lankan Shrew (Suncus fellowesgordoni), 187. Malayan Pygmy Shrew (Suncus malayanus), 188. Bornean Pygmy Shrew (Suncus hosei), 189. Jungle Shrew (Suncus zeylanicus), 190. Asian House Shrew (Suncus murinus), 191. Sr 1 Lankan Highland Shrew (Suncus montanus), 192. Nilgir 1 Highland Shrew (Suncus niger), 193. Anderson’s Shrew (Suncus stoliczkanus), 194. Day’s Shrew (Suncus dayi), 195. Flores Shrew (Suncus mertensi), 196. Black Shrew (Suncus ater), 197. Taita Shrew (Suncus aequatorius), 198. Greater Dwarf Shrew (Suncus lixa), 199. Hutu-Tutsi Dwarf Shrew (Suncus hututsi), 200. Least Dwarf Shrew (Suncus infinitestmus), 201. Remy’s Pygmy Shrew (Suncus remyi), 202. Lesser Dwarf Shrew (Suncus varilla), 203. Climbing Shrew (Suncus megalurus), 204. Rwenzori Shrew (Ruwenzorisorex suncoides), 205. Johnston's Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex johnstoni), 206. Akaibe’s Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex akaiber), 207. Moon Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex lunaris), 208. Greater Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex ollula), 209. Lesser Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex oriundus), 210. Bioko Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex isabellae), 211. Corbet’s Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex corbeti), 212. Bamenda Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex silvanorum), 213. Rainforest Shrew (Sylvisorex pluvialis), 214. Cameroonian Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex camerunensis), 215. Mount Cameroon Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex moro), 216. Kongana Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex konganensis), 217. Volcano Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex vulcanorum), 218. Grant's Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex granti), 219. Howell's Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex howelli), 220. Armored Hero Shrew (Scutisorex somereni), 221. Thor’s Hero Shrew (Scutisorex thor), 222. Greater Large-headed Shrew (Paracrocidura maxima), 223. Lesser Large-headed Shrew (Paracrocidura schoutedeni), 224. Grauer’s Large-headed Shrew (Paracrocidura graven), 225. Piebald Shrew (Diplomesodon pulchellus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6871917" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6871917/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="463">195.</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1495,1763,2727,2769]" pageId="68" pageNumber="463" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="68.[1394,2360,2727,2850]" box="[1495,1763,2727,2769]" pageId="68" pageNumber="463">
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<vernacularName box="[1495,1763,2727,2769]" pageId="68" pageNumber="463">Flores Shrew</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1833,2117,2727,2769]" pageId="68" pageNumber="463" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="68.[1394,2360,2727,2850]" box="[1833,2117,2727,2769]" pageId="68" pageNumber="463">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kock" authorityYear="1974" box="[1833,2117,2727,2769]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Suncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="68" pageNumber="463" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mertensi">
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<emphasis box="[1833,2117,2727,2769]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="463">Suncus mertensi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="68" pageNumber="463" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="68.[1394,2360,2727,2850]" box="[1396,2359,2786,2807]" pageId="68" pageNumber="463">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1396,1471,2786,2807]" pageId="68" pageNumber="463">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1481,1669,2786,2807]" pageId="68" pageNumber="463">Pachyure de Florés</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1690,1781,2786,2807]" pageId="68" pageNumber="463">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1790,2040,2786,2807]" pageId="68" pageNumber="463">Flores-Wimperspitzmaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2061,2152,2786,2807]" pageId="68" pageNumber="463">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[2162,2359,2786,2807]" pageId="68" pageNumber="463">Musarana de Flores</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="68.[1394,2360,2727,2850]" box="[1395,1858,2826,2847]" pageId="68" pageNumber="463">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1395,1642,2826,2847]" pageId="68" pageNumber="463">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1652,1858,2826,2847]" pageId="68" pageNumber="463">Flores Pygmy Shrew</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection box="[2007,2597,2900,2925]" pageId="68" pageNumber="463" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="68.[2007,2600,2900,3318]" box="[2007,2597,2900,2925]" pageId="68" pageNumber="463">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2007,2162,2900,2925]" pageId="68" pageNumber="463">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Kock, 1974" authorityName="Kock" authorityYear="1974" box="[2187,2592,2900,2925]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Suncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="68" pageNumber="463" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mertensi">Suncus mertensi Kock, 1974</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="68" pageNumber="463" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="68.[2007,2600,2900,3318]" pageId="68" pageNumber="463">
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<materialsCitation country="Indonesia" location="Rana Mese" pageId="68" pageNumber="463" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Flores">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D474A54A06C8701FAFAA1E01156F95A:B031AD99A06C8700F855A0301A2BF46D" box="[2008,2165,2935,2964]" country="Indonesia" name="Rana Mese" pageId="68" pageNumber="463" stateProvince="Flores">Rana Mese</location>
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(
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<locationDeviation box="[2195,2382,2935,2964]" pageId="68" pageNumber="463">near Ruteng</locationDeviation>
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),
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<collectingRegion box="[2415,2501,2935,2964]" pageId="68" pageNumber="463">Flores</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry name="Indonesia" pageId="68" pageNumber="463">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="69" lastPageNumber="464" pageId="68" pageNumber="463" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="68.[2007,2600,2900,3318]" pageId="68" pageNumber="463">
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Originally, specimens from Flores were together with some shrews from the oth- er Lesser Sunda Islands and erroneously classified as
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1870" box="[2198,2467,3136,3161]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="68" pageNumber="463" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monticola">Crocidura monticola</taxonomicName>
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, without detailed research of taxonomical characteristics. D. Kock in 1974 identified the Flores specimens as a new species, S.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kock" authorityYear="1974" box="[2049,2155,3289,3318]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Suncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="68" pageNumber="463" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mertensi">mertensi</taxonomicName>
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, with similarities to the other
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="68.[1396,2602,3325,3476]" pageId="68" pageNumber="463">
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long-tailed species S.
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Dobson" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[1700,1754,3325,3358]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Suncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="68" pageNumber="463" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dayi">dayi</taxonomicName>
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and S. megalurus. P. D. Jenkins and others in 1998 discussed a possible relationship between long-tailed species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1832" box="[2166,2260,3364,3397]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Suncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="68" pageNumber="463" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Suncus</taxonomicName>
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and the granti-group of the African genus
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<taxonomicName box="[1672,1797,3403,3436]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sylvisorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="68" pageNumber="463" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Sylvisorex</taxonomicName>
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, given some similarities in cranial characteristics. This has been tested in several morphological and biochemical studies with S.
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Dobson" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[2479,2533,3443,3476]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Suncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="68" pageNumber="463" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dayi">dayi</taxonomicName>
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, but
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="69.[162,1373,287,1701]" pageId="69" pageNumber="464">
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genetic results did not support this proposed relationship. Therefore, similarities are probably based on a convergent adaptation to climbing activity. Additional studies are needed to resolve phylogenetic position of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kock" authorityYear="1974" box="[840,946,366,399]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Suncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="69" pageNumber="464" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mertensi">mertensi</taxonomicName>
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. It probably is a survivor from the late Pleistocene. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="69" pageNumber="464" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6871309" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6871309" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6871309/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="464" targetBox="[1393,1984,2902,3316]" targetPageId="68">
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<paragraph blockId="69.[162,1373,287,1701]" pageId="69" pageNumber="464">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[165,342,444,477]" pageId="69" pageNumber="464">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Known only from the type locality near Lake Rana Mese (altitude c.1200 m) on the W part of Flores I, Indonesia.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="69" pageNumber="464" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="69.[162,1373,287,1701]" pageId="69" pageNumber="464">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[165,436,523,556]" pageId="69" pageNumber="464">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 62-68 mm, tail 54-62 mm. No specific data are available for body weight. Fur of the Flores Shrew is reddish brown to dark brown and shows no noticeable color differences between dorsal and ventral sides. Hair is relatively long. Upper parts and underparts of forefeet and hindfeet and ears are dark. Feet are elongated, with extended wide-ranging phalanges. Tail is unicolored, 83-87% of head-body length, and prehensile, which allows climbing. Tail has limited number of long bristles, with unpigmented tips on basal onehalf. Aboral cusp of first upper incisor is rarely higher than fourth unicuspid. Mandible is slender and elongated. Skull of the Flores Shrew is larger than in the Bornean Pygmy Shrew (S.
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[578,642,878,911]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Suncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="69" pageNumber="464" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hosei">hosei</taxonomicName>
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) and the Malayan Pygmy Shrew (S.
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Kloss" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[1210,1357,878,911]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Suncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="69" pageNumber="464" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malayanus">malayanus</taxonomicName>
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) but smaller than in the Black Shrew (S.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Medway" authorityYear="1965" box="[799,855,922,951]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Suncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="69" pageNumber="464" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ater">ater</taxonomicName>
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). Skull of the Flores Shrew has a curved profile caused by conspicuously arched braincase. Condylo-basal lengths are 19-3-19-9 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="69" pageNumber="464" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="69.[162,1373,287,1701]" pageId="69" pageNumber="464">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[165,276,1035,1068]" pageId="69" pageNumber="464">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Moist montane forests. It is not clear whether the Flores Shrew can adapt to anthropogenic environments.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[165,665,1114,1147]" pageId="69" pageNumber="464" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="69.[162,1373,287,1701]" box="[165,665,1114,1147]" pageId="69" pageNumber="464">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[165,426,1114,1147]" pageId="69" pageNumber="464">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[165,538,1153,1186]" pageId="69" pageNumber="464" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="69.[162,1373,287,1701]" box="[165,538,1153,1186]" pageId="69" pageNumber="464">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[165,299,1153,1186]" pageId="69" pageNumber="464">Breeding.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="69" pageNumber="464" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="69.[162,1373,287,1701]" pageId="69" pageNumber="464">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[163,398,1193,1226]" pageId="69" pageNumber="464">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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Long tail and elongated feet of the Flores Shrew probably indicate a scansoriallifestyle.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[165,1104,1272,1305]" pageId="69" pageNumber="464" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="69.[162,1373,287,1701]" box="[165,1104,1272,1305]" pageId="69" pageNumber="464">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[165,865,1272,1305]" pageId="69" pageNumber="464">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="69" pageNumber="464" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="69.[162,1373,287,1701]" pageId="69" pageNumber="464">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[165,514,1312,1345]" pageId="69" pageNumber="464">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List. The population size of the Flores Shrew is unknown but presumed to be decreasing because of habitat loss in a limited distribution ofless than 5000 km?. Human population in the region is high, and montane forests are threatened with illegal wood harvesting, conversion to farmland, and expanding settlements. The Flores Shrew occurs in Ruteng Nature Recreation Park, but there are several conflicts with communities about the borders of the Park. Additional surveys are needed to better understand densities and distribution and to develop conservation projects.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="69" pageNumber="464" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="69.[162,1373,287,1701]" pageId="69" pageNumber="464">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[164,317,1635,1660]" pageId="69" pageNumber="464">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Clayton (2016), Dubey, Salamin et al. (2008), van der Geer et al. (2010), Hutterer (1985, 2005b), Jenkins et al. (1998), Kock (1974), Mertens (1929, 1936).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |