173 lines
16 KiB
XML
173 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870843" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-08-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6870843" approvalRequired="132" approvalRequired_for_illustrations="45" approvalRequired_for_matCits="75" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="10" approvalRequired_for_treatments="2" checkinTime="1658335596803" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Russell A. Mittermeier & Don E. Wilson" docDate="2018" docId="3D474A54A0658709FF2EAFDC1A3FF8D9" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_8_Soricidae_0332.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Diplomesodon pulchellus" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="472" masterDocId="C17E322CA0288744FF8DAB47125EFFF9" masterDocTitle="Soricidae" masterLastPageNumber="551" masterPageNumber="332" pageNumber="472" updateTime="1658433624945" updateUser="tatiana">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Soricidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2018</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2018-07-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>332</mods:start>
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<mods:end>551</mods:end>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870843</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-08-4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6870843</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870076" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6870076" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D474A54A0658709FF2EAFDC1A3FF8D9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3D474A54A0658709FF2EAFDC1A3FF8D9" lastPageNumber="472" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">
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<heading pageId="77" pageNumber="472">
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<subSubSection box="[163,244,1179,1229]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="77.[159,1151,1180,1306]" box="[163,244,1179,1229]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">
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<figureCitation box="[163,244,1179,1229]" captionStart="Plate 19: Soricidae" captionStartId="64.[118,148,3136,3161]" captionTargetBox="[11,2741,14,3634]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="182. Palawan Moss Shrew (Palawanosorex muscorum), 183. Pearson’s Long-clawed Shrew (Solisorex pearsoni), 184. Kelaart’s Long-clawed Shrew (Feroculus feroculus), 185. Etruscan Shrew (Suncus etruscus), 186. Sri Lankan Shrew (Suncus fellowesgordoni), 187. Malayan Pygmy Shrew (Suncus malayanus), 188. Bornean Pygmy Shrew (Suncus hosei), 189. Jungle Shrew (Suncus zeylanicus), 190. Asian House Shrew (Suncus murinus), 191. Sr 1 Lankan Highland Shrew (Suncus montanus), 192. Nilgir 1 Highland Shrew (Suncus niger), 193. Anderson’s Shrew (Suncus stoliczkanus), 194. Day’s Shrew (Suncus dayi), 195. Flores Shrew (Suncus mertensi), 196. Black Shrew (Suncus ater), 197. Taita Shrew (Suncus aequatorius), 198. Greater Dwarf Shrew (Suncus lixa), 199. Hutu-Tutsi Dwarf Shrew (Suncus hututsi), 200. Least Dwarf Shrew (Suncus infinitestmus), 201. Remy’s Pygmy Shrew (Suncus remyi), 202. Lesser Dwarf Shrew (Suncus varilla), 203. Climbing Shrew (Suncus megalurus), 204. Rwenzori Shrew (Ruwenzorisorex suncoides), 205. Johnston's Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex johnstoni), 206. Akaibe’s Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex akaiber), 207. Moon Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex lunaris), 208. Greater Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex ollula), 209. Lesser Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex oriundus), 210. Bioko Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex isabellae), 211. Corbet’s Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex corbeti), 212. Bamenda Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex silvanorum), 213. Rainforest Shrew (Sylvisorex pluvialis), 214. Cameroonian Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex camerunensis), 215. Mount Cameroon Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex moro), 216. Kongana Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex konganensis), 217. Volcano Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex vulcanorum), 218. Grant's Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex granti), 219. Howell's Forest Shrew (Sylvisorex howelli), 220. Armored Hero Shrew (Scutisorex somereni), 221. Thor’s Hero Shrew (Scutisorex thor), 222. Greater Large-headed Shrew (Paracrocidura maxima), 223. Lesser Large-headed Shrew (Paracrocidura schoutedeni), 224. Grauer’s Large-headed Shrew (Paracrocidura graven), 225. Piebald Shrew (Diplomesodon pulchellus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6871917" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6871917/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">225.</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[261,559,1179,1229]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="77.[159,1151,1180,1306]" box="[261,559,1179,1229]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">
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<vernacularName box="[261,559,1179,1229]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">Piebald Shrew</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[627,1069,1179,1229]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="77.[159,1151,1180,1306]" box="[627,1069,1179,1229]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lichtenstein" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[627,1069,1179,1229]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Diplomesodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="77" pageNumber="472" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulchellus">
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<emphasis box="[627,1069,1179,1229]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">Diplomesodon pulchellus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="77" pageNumber="472" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="77.[159,1151,1180,1306]" box="[161,1151,1247,1268]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[161,237,1247,1268]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[246,435,1247,1268]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">Crocidure tachetée</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[456,546,1247,1268]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[552,836,1247,1268]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">Turkestan-Wistenspitzmaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[858,948,1247,1268]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[959,1151,1247,1268]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">Musarafia moteada</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="77.[159,1151,1180,1306]" box="[161,657,1285,1306]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[161,407,1285,1306]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[413,657,1285,1306]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">Turkestan Desert Shrew</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</heading>
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<paragraph blockId="77.[771,1365,1362,1780]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">
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<subSubSection pageId="77" pageNumber="472" type="reference_group">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[772,927,1362,1387]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lichtenstein" baseAuthorityYear="1823" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="77" pageNumber="472" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulchellus">Sorex pulchellus Lichtenstein, 1823</taxonomicName>
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,
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[857,1357,1388,1425]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472" type="materials_examined">
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<materialsCitation box="[857,1354,1388,1425]" country="Kazakhstan" location="east bank of Ural River" pageId="77" pageNumber="472" specimenCount="1">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D474A54A0658709FF2EAFDC1A3FF8D9:B031AD99A0658709FCD4AE2B16C7FA76" box="[857,1177,1388,1423]" country="Kazakhstan" name="east bank of Ural River" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">east bank of Ural River</location>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1193,1354,1396,1425]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</subSubSection>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="77" pageNumber="472" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="77.[771,1365,1362,1780]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">
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Widely used specific epithet pulchellum has been replaced by the original epithet pulchellus because
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Brandt" authorityYear="1852" box="[1050,1224,1512,1545]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Diplomesodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="77" pageNumber="472" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Diplomesodon</taxonomicName>
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and the original species name are masculine and in proper combination. The taxon pulchellus was isolated in a separate monotypic genus based onits specific morphological features, but molecular genetic studies by S. Dubey and colleagues in 2008 based on
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="77.[159,1362,1795,1820]" lastBlockId="77.[1433,2644,294,1826]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">
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DNA structure has assigned it to
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<taxonomicName box="[614,739,1795,1820]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="77" pageNumber="472" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Crocidura</taxonomicName>
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. Moreover, D. pulchellus was shown to be closer to the
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1811" box="[1572,1742,294,327]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="77" pageNumber="472" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="suaveolens">C. suaveolens</taxonomicName>
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group than this group is to other groups in the genus
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<taxonomicName box="[2513,2638,294,327]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="77" pageNumber="472" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Crocidura</taxonomicName>
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. The conventional view placing pulchellus in its own monotypic genus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Brandt" authorityYear="1852" box="[2437,2613,333,366]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Diplomesodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="77" pageNumber="472" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Diplomesodon</taxonomicName>
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is followed here, despite it being assigned to
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<taxonomicName box="[2039,2163,381,406]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="77" pageNumber="472" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Crocidura</taxonomicName>
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in several modern taxonomic and faunal assessments. This decision is based on both genetic and significant morphological characteristics. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="77" pageNumber="472" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6871385" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6871385" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6871385/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="472" targetBox="[157,747,1363,1777]" targetPageId="77">
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<paragraph blockId="77.[1433,2644,294,1826]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1439,1615,495,524]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Endemic to deserts in extreme SE European Russia, W & S Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="77" pageNumber="472" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="77.[1433,2644,294,1826]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1439,1688,569,602]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 59-74 mm, tail 25-33 mm; weight 6-12 g. The Piebald Shrew is medium-sized and heavily built. Head is very broad, with short rostrum. Tailis usually no longer than 50% of head-body length. Pelageis sharply bicolored. Dorsum is gray or ash-gray, with elongated white spot in central part. Venter,sides, underside of head, sacral region, and tail are white. Two antemolars in upper jaw are distinctive morphological features, while there are 3-5 antemolars in all other shrews. Dental formulais13/2, C0/0,P 1/1, M 3/3 (x2) = 26. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 44 and FN = 54. X-chromosome is large metacentric, and Y-chromosome is small acrocentric. There are four pairs of metacentric and submetacentric autosomes and 17 pairs of acrocentric autosomes.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="77" pageNumber="472" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="77.[1433,2644,294,1826]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1437,1548,964,997]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Mostly fixed and less often semi-fixed desert sands. The Piebald Shrew is highly specialized for living in deserts. Fixed hillocky sands, slopes of hillocks, and hollows between them are preferred, while ridges and tops of hillocks are avoided.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="77" pageNumber="472" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="77.[1433,2644,294,1826]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1437,1698,1082,1115]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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Beetles and their larvae prevail in diets of Piebald Shrews; ants are often eaten. Acridoid grasshoppers and dipterans are eaten less frequently. Mammalian flesh, probably from dead animals, is sometimes found in gastric contents.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="77" pageNumber="472" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="77.[1433,2644,294,1826]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1436,1570,1200,1233]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">Breeding.</emphasis>
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Reproduction of the Piebald Shrew occurs throughout the warm season. Pregnant females were detected first in late March and last in early October in the Lake Balkhash region. Young-of-the-year reproduce; pregnant young-of-the-year were first observed in the second half ofJune. Litters have 4-5 young.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="77" pageNumber="472" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="77.[1433,2644,294,1826]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1434,1670,1358,1391]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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The Piebald Shrew is active at night and dusk and almost never appears on the ground surface during the day. It leaves its hole at ¢.20:00 h and returns at ¢.05:00 h, having 5-10 activity periods at night. Activity periods average 25 minutes (maximum 80 minutes). Caravanning is typical, like in most species of
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<taxonomicName box="[2508,2632,1485,1510]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Crocidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="77" pageNumber="472" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Crocidura</taxonomicName>
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, young grasp the base ofthe tail or rear of its sibling in front, and the first one similarly holds onto the mother.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="77" pageNumber="472" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="77.[1433,2644,294,1826]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1434,2135,1594,1627]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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Piebald Shrewslive in habitats with irregular food distribution, and they can move 2-3 km each night in search of food.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="77" pageNumber="472" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="77.[1433,2644,294,1826]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1434,1787,1673,1706]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Piebald Shrew is common and sometimes abundant in favorable habitats.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="77" pageNumber="472" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="77.[1433,2644,294,1826]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1434,1587,1761,1786]" pageId="77" pageNumber="472">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Bannikova & Lebedev (2012), Dubey, Salamin et al. (2008), Gureev (1979), Dubrovskiy et al. (2011), Kuznetsov (1972), Stalmakova (1949), Zaitsev et al. (2014).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |