191 lines
18 KiB
XML
191 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870843" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-08-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6870843" approvalRequired="304" approvalRequired_for_illustrations="45" approvalRequired_for_matCits="75" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="40" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="75" approvalRequired_for_treatments="69" checkinTime="1658335596803" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Russell A. Mittermeier & Don E. Wilson" docDate="2018" docId="3D474A54A031875DFF25AD3A1A2BFE89" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_8_Soricidae_0332.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Sorex pribilofensis Merriam 1895" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="418" masterDocId="C17E322CA0288744FF8DAB47125EFFF9" masterDocTitle="Soricidae" masterLastPageNumber="551" masterPageNumber="332" pageNumber="418" updateTime="1658350298165" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Soricidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2018</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2018-07-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>332</mods:start>
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<mods:end>551</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870843</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-08-4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6870843</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6869728" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6869728" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D474A54A031875DFF25AD3A1A2BFE89" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3D474A54A031875DFF25AD3A1A2BFE89" lastPageNumber="418" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">
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<heading pageId="25" pageNumber="418">
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<subSubSection box="[168,224,1661,1707]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[165,1193,1661,1785]" box="[168,224,1661,1707]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">
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<figureCitation box="[168,224,1661,1707]" captionStart="Plate 15: Soricidae" captionStartId="2.[139,168,3219,3244]" captionTargetBox="[12,2756,14,3635]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="0. Radde’s Shrew (Sorex raddei), 1. Alpine Shrew (Sorex alpinus), 2. Ussuri Shrew (Sorex mwrabilis), 3. Chinese Highland Shrew (Sorex excelsus), 4. Greater Striped Shrew (Sorex cylindricauda), 5. Lesser Striped Shrew (Sorex bedfordiae), 7. Flat-skulled Shrew (Sorex roboratus), 8. Eurasian Least Shrew (Sorex munutissimus), 9. Azumi Shrew (Sorex hosonoi), 10. Slender Shrew (Sorex gracillimus), 11. Laxmann’s Shrew (Sorex caecutiens), 12. Shinto Shrew (Sorex shinto), 13. Taiga Shrew (Sorex isodon), 14. Long-clawed Shrew (Sorex unguiculatus), 15. Chinese Shrew (Sorex sinalis), 16. Common Shrew (Sorex araneus), 17. Iberian Shrew (Sorex granarius), 18. Valais Shrew (Sorex antinorn), 19. Crowned Shrew (Sorex coronatus), 20. Caucasian Shrew (Sorex satunin), 21. Siberian Large-toothed Shrew (Sorex daphaenodon), 22. Gansu Shrew (Sorex cansulus), 23. Tundra Shrew (Sorex tundrensis), 24. Tian Shan Shrew (Sorex asper), 25. Apennine Shrew (Sorex samniticus), 26. Arctic Shrew (Sorex arcticus), 27. Maritime Shrew (Sorex maritimensis), 28. Eurasian Pygmy Shrew (Sorex minutus), 29. Caucasian Pygmy Shrew (Sorex volnuchini), 30. Buchara Shrew (Sorex buchariensis), 31. Tibetan Shrew (Sorex thibetanus), 32. Kashmir Shrew (Sorex planiceps), 33. Trowbridge’s Shrew (Sorex trowbridgu), 34. Arizona Shrew (Sorex arizonae), 35. Merriam’s Shrew (Sorex merriami), 36. Alto Shrew (Sorex altoensis), 37. Jalisco Shrew (Sorex mediopua), 38. Saussure’s Shrew (Sorex saussurei), 39. San Cristobal Shrew (Sorex cristobalensis), 40. McCarthy's Shrew (Sorex mccarthyi), 41. Salvin’s Shrew (Sorex salvini), 42. Sclater’s Shrew (Sorex sclateri), 43. Pale-toothed Shrew (Sorex stizodon)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6870999" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6870999/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">68.</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[242,679,1661,1707]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[165,1193,1661,1785]" box="[242,679,1661,1707]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">
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<vernacularName box="[242,679,1661,1707]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">Pribilof Island Shrew</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[730,1059,1661,1707]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[165,1193,1661,1785]" box="[730,1059,1661,1707]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Merriam" authorityYear="1895" box="[730,1059,1661,1707]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="418" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pribilofensis">
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<emphasis box="[730,1059,1661,1707]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">Sorex pribilofensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="418" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[165,1193,1661,1785]" box="[167,1193,1725,1746]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[167,242,1725,1746]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[252,488,1725,1746]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">Musaraigne des Pribilof</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[508,599,1725,1746]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[609,866,1725,1746]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">Pribilof-Rotzahnspitzmaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[887,978,1725,1746]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[988,1193,1725,1746]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">Musarana de Pribilof</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="25.[165,1193,1661,1785]" box="[166,562,1764,1785]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[166,413,1764,1785]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[424,562,1764,1785]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">Pribilof Shrew</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="418" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[780,1372,1836,2259]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[780,935,1836,1865]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Merriam" authorityName="Merriam" authorityYear="1895" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="418" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pribilofensis">Sorex pribilofensis Merriam, 1895</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="418" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[780,1372,1836,2259]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">
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<materialsCitation country="United States of America" location="St. Paul Island" pageId="25" pageNumber="418" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Alaska">
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“
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D474A54A031875DFF25AD3A1A2BFE89:B031AD99A031875DFCE6AC10166CF889" box="[875,1074,1879,1904]" country="United States of America" name="St. Paul Island" pageId="25" pageNumber="418" stateProvince="Alaska">St. Paul Island</location>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D474A54A031875DFF25AD3A1A2BFE89:B031AD99A031875DFBCFAC10174AF889" box="[1090,1300,1879,1904]" country="United States of America" name="Pribilof Islands" pageId="25" pageNumber="418" stateProvince="Alaska">Pribilof Islands</location>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D474A54A031875DFF25AD3A1A2BFE89:B031AD99A031875DFAAEAC10112BF86E" country="United States of America" name="Ber- ing Sea" pageId="25" pageNumber="418" stateProvince="Alaska">Bering Sea</location>
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,”
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<collectingRegion box="[911,1003,1918,1943]" country="United States of America" name="Alaska" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">Alaska</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1020,1085,1918,1943]" name="United States of America" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">USA</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="418" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[780,1372,1836,2259]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Merriam" authorityYear="1895" box="[782,1006,1950,1983]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="418" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pribilofensis">Sorex pribilofensis</taxonomicName>
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is in the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kerr" authorityYear="1792" box="[1142,1276,1950,1983]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="415" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereus">S. cinereus</taxonomicName>
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group and subgenus Otisorex. It is included in the Beringian clade with S.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Anderson & Rand" authorityYear="1945" box="[1121,1231,2029,2062]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="418" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ugyunak">ugyunak</taxonomicName>
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, S.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Stroganov" authorityYear="1956" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="418" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="portenkoi">portenkoi</taxonomicName>
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, S. jacksomi, S. camtschaticus, and S.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuroda" authorityYear="1933" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="418" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucogaster">leucogaster</taxonomicName>
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, although all six species could represent one wide-ranging species based on genetic information. Nevertheless, they are retained as distinct here until addi-
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="25.[162,1372,2265,3478]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">
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tional research is conducted.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Merriam" authorityYear="1895" box="[582,804,2265,2298]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="418" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pribilofensis">Sorex pribilofensis</taxonomicName>
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has generally been known as S. hydrodromus Dobson, 1889, which has priority; however, the type specimen is from Unalaska Island where no shrews have been recorded recently, indicating that the type locality was in error. The type specimen of S. hydrodromus also had a skull that was more typical of the generally Palearctic
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[556,695,2422,2455]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="418" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="araneus">S. araneus</taxonomicName>
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group. Because of the uncertainty behind the type specimen identity and locality of S. hydrodromus, the name
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Merriam" authorityYear="1895" box="[1047,1228,2466,2495]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="418" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pribilofensis">S. pribilofensis</taxonomicName>
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is applied to shrews on Pribilof Island. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[165,909,2548,2573]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6871018" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6871018" box="[165,909,2548,2573]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6871018/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="418" targetBox="[164,756,1836,2251]" targetPageId="25">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[162,1372,2265,3478]" box="[165,909,2548,2573]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[165,341,2548,2573]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">Distribution.</emphasis>
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St. Paul I, Pribilof Is, off W Alaska, USA.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="418" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[162,1372,2265,3478]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[165,418,2580,2613]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head—body 59-67 mm, tail 31-32 mm, hindfoot 13 mm; weight 4-6 g. The Pribilof Island Shrew is medium-sized, similar to the Barren Ground Shrew (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Anderson & Rand" authorityYear="1945" box="[179,332,2658,2691]" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="418" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ugyunak">S. ugyunak</taxonomicName>
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). Dorsum is grayish brown, and sides and venter are whitish or yellowish white. Tail is relatively short, narrow, and bicolored, being brown above and whitish below. Teeth are dark red. There are five unicuspids,fifth is minute, and first through fourth get slightly smaller from front to back.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="418" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[162,1372,2265,3478]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[165,275,2816,2849]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Most common in dune and grass-umbel habitats in maritime tundra, less common in forb and mixed habitats, and absent in upland habitats or areas with large amounts of
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<taxonomicName box="[335,406,2898,2927]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Carex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="25" pageNumber="418" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Carex</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName authorityName="de Jussieu" authorityYear="1789" box="[426,596,2898,2927]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="25" pageNumber="418" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cyperaceae</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="418" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[162,1372,2265,3478]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[164,424,2934,2967]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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Pribilof Island Shrews primarily eat small soft-bodied invertebrates, and stomach samples have contained remains of beetles.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[164,537,3012,3045]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[162,1372,2265,3478]" box="[164,537,3012,3045]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[164,298,3012,3045]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">Breeding.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[162,637,3055,3084]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[162,1372,2265,3478]" box="[162,637,3055,3084]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[162,397,3055,3084]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="418" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[162,1372,2265,3478]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[164,884,3091,3124]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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Pribilof Island Shrews are found at high densities throughout most of the island; population is ¢.10,000 individuals, although additional studies are needed to clarify this.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="418" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[162,1372,2265,3478]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[164,518,3209,3242]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List. Pribilof Island Shrews are restricted to a single island but are found at relatively high densities. They could occur on Unalaska Island, but surveys are needed. There are no impending threats, but as boat traffic increases between the island and the mainland, chances for the Brown Rat (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fischer" authorityYear="1803" box="[431,518,3366,3399]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rattus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="25" pageNumber="418" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Rattus</taxonomicName>
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norvegicus) to be introduced increase. There is also projected development on the island, which could threaten the Pribilof Island Shrew because of the limited available habitat.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="418" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[1444,2648,304,371]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1446,1599,304,329]" pageId="25" pageNumber="418">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Byrd & Norvell (1988, 1993), Demboski & Cook (2003), Fay & Sease (1985), Hope et al. (2012), Jackson (1928), Preble (1923), Woodman, Reid & Matson (2008a).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |